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Communications

Broadcast media [time series]

mixture of about a dozen national TV networks - 2 public broadcasters, the remainder private broadcasters - each with multiple transmitters; more than 100 local TV stations; widespread use of satellite and cable TV systems; public radio broadcaster operates 6 national networks as well as regional and local stations; overall, more than 700 radio stations with more than 650 privately operated (2008)

Internet country code [time series]

.id

Internet users (Internet hosts) [time series]

1.344 million (2012) country comparison to the world: 42

Internet users [time series]

20 million (2009) country comparison to the world: 22

Telecommunication systems (Telephone system) [time series]

general assessment: domestic service includes an interisland microwave system, an HF radio police net, and a domestic satellite communications system; international service good domestic: coverage provided by existing network has been expanded by use of over 200,000 telephone kiosks many located in remote areas; mobile-cellular subscribership growing rapidly international: country code - 62; landing point for both the SEA-ME-WE-3 and SEA-ME-WE-4 submarine cable networks that provide links throughout Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean) (2011)

Telephones - fixed lines (Telephones - main lines in use) [time series]

37.983 million (2012) country comparison to the world: 8

Telephones - mobile cellular [time series]

281.96 million (2012) country comparison to the world: 4

Economy

Agricultural products (Agriculture - products) [time series]

rubber and similar products, palm oil, poultry, beef, forest products, shrimp, cocoa, coffee, medicinal herbs, essential oil, fish and its similar products, and spices

Budget [time series]

revenues: $137.5 billion expenditures: $166 billion (2013 est.)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) [time series]

-3.3% of GDP (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 133

Central bank discount rate [time series]

6.37% (31 December 2010) country comparison to the world: 57 6.46% (31 December 2009) note: this figure represents the 3-month SBI rate; the Bank of Indonesia has not employed the one-month SBI since September 2010

Commercial bank prime lending rate [time series]

12.1% (31 December 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 67 11.8% (31 December 2012 est.) note: these figures represent the average annualized rate on working capital loans

Current account balance [time series]

-$28.72 billion (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 184 -$24.07 billion (2012 est.)

Debt - external [time series]

$223.8 billion (31 December 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 33 $224.1 billion (31 December 2012 est.)

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income (Distribution of family income - Gini index) [time series]

36.8 (2009) country comparison to the world: 82 39.4 (2005)

Economic overview (Economy - overview) [time series]

Indonesia, a vast polyglot nation, has grown strongly since 2010. During the global financial crisis, Indonesia outperformed its regional neighbors and joined China and India as the only G20 members posting growth. The government has promoted fiscally conservative policies, resulting in a debt-to-GDP ratio of less than 25% and historically low rates of inflation. Fitch and Moody's upgraded Indonesia's credit rating to investment grade in December 2011. Indonesia still struggles with poverty and unemployment, inadequate infrastructure, corruption, a complex regulatory environment, and unequal resource distribution among regions. The government also faces the challenges of quelling labor unrest and reducing fuel subsidies in the face of high oil prices.

Exchange rates [time series]

Indonesian rupiah (IDR) per US dollar - 10,341.6 (2013 est.) 9,386.63 (2012 est.) 9,090.4 (2010 est.) 10,389.9 (2009) 9,698.9 (2008)

Exports [time series]

$178.9 billion (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 29 $187.3 billion (2012 est.)

Exports - commodities [time series]

oil and gas, electrical appliances, plywood, textiles, rubber

Exports - partners [time series]

Japan 15.9%, China 11.4%, Singapore 9%, South Korea 7.9%, US 7.8%, India 6.6%, Malaysia 5.9% (2012)

Fiscal year [time series]

calendar year

GDP (official exchange rate) [time series]

$867.5 billion (2013 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) (GDP (purchasing power parity)) [time series]

$1.285 trillion (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 16 $1.22 trillion (2012 est.) $1.149 trillion (2011 est.) note: data are in 2013 US dollars

GDP - composition, by end use [time series]

household consumption: 56% government consumption: 9.4% investment in fixed capital: 32.7% investment in inventories: 2% exports of goods and services: 23.5% imports of goods and services: -25.8% (2013 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin [time series]

agriculture: 14.3% industry: 46.6% services: 39.1% (2013 est.)

Real GDP per capita (GDP - per capita (PPP)) [time series]

$5,200 (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 158 $5,000 (2012 est.) $4,800 (2011 est.) note: data are in 2013 US dollars

Real GDP growth rate (GDP - real growth rate) [time series]

5.3% (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 49 6.2% (2012 est.) 6.5% (2011 est.)

Gross national saving [time series]

31.5% of GDP (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 24 32.6% of GDP (2012 est.) 33.1% of GDP (2011 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share [time series]

lowest 10%: 3.3% highest 10%: 29.9% (2009)

Imports [time series]

$178.6 billion (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 28 $178.7 billion (2012 est.)

Imports - commodities [time series]

machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels, foodstuffs

Imports - partners [time series]

China 15.3%, Singapore 13.6%, Japan 11.9%, Malaysia 6.4%, South Korea 6.2%, US 6.1%, Thailand 6% (2012)

Industrial production growth rate [time series]

4.3% (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 67

Industries [time series]

petroleum and natural gas, textiles, automotive, electrical appliances, apparel, footwear, mining, cement, medical instuments and appliances, handicrafts, chemical fertilizers, plywood, rubber, processed food, jewelry, and tourism

Inflation rate (consumer prices) [time series]

7.7% (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 193 4.3% (2012 est.)

Labor force [time series]

120 million (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 5

Labor force - by occupation [time series]

agriculture: 38.9% industry: 13.2% services: 47.9% (2012 est.)

Market value of publicly traded shares [time series]

$396.8 billion (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 24 $390.1 billion (31 December 2011) $360.4 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

Population below poverty line [time series]

11.7% (2012 est.)

Public debt [time series]

24.2% of GDP (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 129 23% of GDP (2012 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold [time series]

$83.45 billion (31 December 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 27 $112.8 billion (31 December 2012 est.)

Stock of broad money [time series]

$325 billion (31 December 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 29 $342 billion (31 December 2012 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad [time series]

$17.41 billion (31 December 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 48 $14.81 billion (31 December 2012 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment - at home [time series]

$207.2 billion (31 December 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 27 $192.7 billion (31 December 2012 est.)

Stock of domestic credit [time series]

$336.2 billion (31 December 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 33 $350 billion (31 December 2012 est.)

Stock of narrow money [time series]

$82.99 billion (31 December 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 39 $87.04 billion (31 December 2012 est.)

Taxes and other revenues [time series]

15.8% of GDP (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 190

Unemployment rate [time series]

6.6% (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 70 6.1% (2012 est.)

Energy

Carbon dioxide emissions (Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy) [time series]

426.8 million Mt (2011 est.)

Crude oil - exports [time series]

338,100 bbl/day (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 23

Crude oil - imports [time series]

388,400 bbl/day (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 22

Crude oil - production [time series]

974,300 bbl/day (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 22

Crude oil - proved reserves [time series]

4.03 billion bbl (1 January 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 27

Electricity - consumption [time series]

158 billion kWh (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 24

Electricity - exports [time series]

0 kWh (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 150

Electricity - from fossil fuels [time series]

87% of total installed capacity (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 86

Electricity - from hydroelectric plants [time series]

9.9% of total installed capacity (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 114

Electricity - from nuclear fuels [time series]

0% of total installed capacity (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 108

Electricity - from other renewable sources [time series]

3.1% of total installed capacity (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 60

Electricity - imports [time series]

2.542 billion kWh (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 51

Electricity - installed generating capacity [time series]

39.9 million kW (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 23

Electricity - production [time series]

173.8 billion kWh (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 23

Natural gas - consumption [time series]

39.56 billion cu m (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 24

Natural gas - exports [time series]

38.67 billion cu m (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 12

Natural gas - imports [time series]

0 cu m (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 207

Natural gas - production [time series]

76.25 billion cu m (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 12

Natural gas - proved reserves [time series]

3.069 trillion cu m (1 January 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 13

Refined petroleum products - consumption [time series]

1.322 million bbl/day (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 18

Refined petroleum products - exports [time series]

142,400 bbl/day (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 39

Refined petroleum products - imports [time series]

473,400 bbl/day (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 13

Refined petroleum products - production [time series]

935,300 bbl/day (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 20

Geography

Area [time series]

total: 1,904,569 sq km country comparison to the world: 15 land: 1,811,569 sq km water: 93,000 sq km

Climate [time series]

tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands

Coastline [time series]

54,716 km

Elevation (Elevation extremes) [time series]

lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Puncak Jaya 4,884 m

Environment - current issues [time series]

deforestation; water pollution from industrial wastes, sewage; air pollution in urban areas; smoke and haze from forest fires

International environmental agreements (Environment - international agreements) [time series]

party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Marine Life Conservation

Total water withdrawal (Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)) [time series]

total: 113.3 cu km/yr (11%/19%/71%) per capita: 517.3 cu m/yr (2005)

Geographic coordinates [time series]

5 00 S, 120 00 E

Geography - note [time series]

archipelago of 17,508 islands, some 6,000 of which are inhabited (Indonesia is the world's largest country comprised solely of islands); straddles equator; strategic location astride or along major sea lanes from Indian Ocean to Pacific Ocean

Irrigated land [time series]

67,220 sq km (2005)

Land boundaries [time series]

total: 2,958 km border countries: Timor-Leste 253 km, Malaysia 1,881 km, Papua New Guinea 824 km

Land use [time series]

arable land: 12.34% permanent crops: 10.5% other: 77.16% (2011)

Location [time series]

Southeastern Asia, archipelago between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean

Map references [time series]

Southeast Asia

Maritime claims [time series]

measured from claimed archipelagic straight baselines territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm

Natural hazards [time series]

occasional floods; severe droughts; tsunamis; earthquakes; volcanoes; forest fires volcanism: Indonesia contains the most volcanoes of any country in the world - some 76 are historically active; significant volcanic activity occurs on Java, Sumatra, the Sunda Islands, Halmahera Island, Sulawesi Island, Sangihe Island, and in the Banda Sea; Merapi (elev. 2,968 m), Indonesia's most active volcano and in eruption since 2010, has been deemed a Decade Volcano by the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior, worthy of study due to its explosive history and close proximity to human populations; other notable historically active volcanoes include Agung, Awu, Karangetang, Krakatau (Krakatoa), Makian, Raung, and Tambora

Natural resources [time series]

petroleum, tin, natural gas, nickel, timber, bauxite, copper, fertile soils, coal, gold, silver

Terrain [time series]

mostly coastal lowlands; larger islands have interior mountains

Total renewable water resources [time series]

2,019 cu km (2011)

Government

Administrative divisions [time series]

31 provinces (provinsi-provinsi, singular - provinsi), 1 autonomous province*, 1 special region** (daerah-daerah istimewa, singular - daerah istimewa), and 1 national capital district*** (daerah khusus ibukota); Aceh*, Bali, Banten, Bengkulu, Gorontalo, Jakarta Raya***, Jambi, Jawa Barat (West Java), Jawa Tengah (Central Java), Jawa Timur (East Java), Kalimantan Barat (West Kalimantan), Kalimantan Selatan (South Kalimantan), Kalimantan Utara (North Kalimantan), Kalimantan Tengah (Central Kalimantan), Kalimantan Timur (East Kalimantan), Kepulauan Bangka Belitung (Bangka Belitung Islands), Kepulauan Riau (Riau Islands), Lampung, Maluku, Maluku Utara (North Maluku), Nusa Tenggara Barat (West Nusa Tenggara), Nusa Tenggara Timur (East Nusa Tenggara), Papua, Papua Barat (West Papua), Riau, Sulawesi Barat (West Sulawesi), Sulawesi Selatan (South Sulawesi), Sulawesi Tengah (Central Sulawesi), Sulawesi Tenggara (Southeast Sulawesi), Sulawesi Utara (North Sulawesi), Sumatera Barat (West Sumatra), Sumatera Selatan (South Sumatra), Sumatera Utara (North Sumatra), Yogyakarta** note: following the implementation of decentralization beginning on 1 January 2001, regencies and municipalities have become the key administrative units responsible for providing most government services

Capital [time series]

name: Jakarta geographic coordinates: 6 10 S, 106 49 E time difference: UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) note: Indonesia has three time zones

Constitution [time series]

drafted July to August 1945, effective 17 August 1945, abrogated by 1949 and 1950 constitutions, 1945 constitution restored 5 July 1959; amended several times, last in 2002 (2013)

Country name [time series]

conventional long form: Republic of Indonesia conventional short form: Indonesia local long form: Republik Indonesia local short form: Indonesia former: Netherlands East Indies, Dutch East Indies

Diplomatic representation from the US [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador-designate Robert O. BLAKE (since 21 November 2013); Charge d'Affaires Kristen F. BAUER (since 18 July 2013) embassy: Jalan Medan Merdeka Selatan 3-5, Jakarta 10110 mailing address: Unit 8129, Box 1, FPO AP 96520 telephone: [62] (21) 3435-9000 FAX: [62] (21) 386-2259 consulate general: Surabaya presence post: Medan consular agency: Bali

Diplomatic representation in the US [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador Budi BOWOLEKSONO (since 21 May 2014) chancery: 2020 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 775-5200 FAX: [1] (202) 775-5365 consulate(s) general: Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco

Executive branch [time series]

chief of state: President Susilo Bambang YUDHOYONO (since 20 October 2004); Vice President BOEDIONO (since 20 October 2009); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government head of government: President Susilo Bambang YUDHOYONO (since 20 October 2004); Vice President BOEDIONO (since 20 October 2009) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president (For more information visit theWorld Leaders website) elections: president and vice president elected for five-year terms (eligible for a second term) by direct vote; presidential election last held on 8 July 2009 (next to be held in 2014) election results: Susilo Bambang YUDHOYONO elected president; percent of vote - Susilo Bambang YUDHOYONO 60.8%, MEGAWATI Sukarnoputri 26.8%, Jusuf KALLA 12.4%

Flag (Flag description) [time series]

two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; the colors derive from the banner of the Majapahit Empire of the 13th-15th centuries; red symbolizes courage, white represents purity note: similar to the flag of Monaco, which is shorter; also similar to the flag of Poland, which is white (top) and red

Government type [time series]

republic

Independence [time series]

17 August 1945 (declared)

International law organization participation [time series]

has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt

International organization participation [time series]

ADB, APEC, ARF, ASEAN, BIS, CD, CICA (observer), CP, D-8, EAS, EITI (candidate country), FAO, G-11, G-15, G-20, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MONUSCO, NAM, OECD (Enhanced Engagement, OIC, OPCW, PIF (partner), UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Judicial branch [time series]

highest court(s): Supreme Court or Mahkamah Agung (51 judges divided into 8 chambers); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 judges) judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges nominated by Judicial Commission, appointed by president with concurrence of parliament; judges serve until retirement age; Constitutional Court judges - 3 nominated by president, 3 by Supreme Court, and 3 by parliament; judges appointed by the president; judges serve until mandatory retirement at age 70 subordinate courts: High Courts of Appeal, district courts, religious courts

Legal system [time series]

civil law system based on the Roman-Dutch model and influenced by customary law

Legislative branch [time series]

People's Consultative Assembly (Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat or MPR) is the upper house; it consists of members of the DPR and DPD and has role in inaugurating and impeaching the president and in amending the constitution but does not formulate national policy; House of Representatives or Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR) (560 seats, members elected to serve five-year terms), formulates and passes legislation at the national level; House of Regional Representatives (Dewan Perwakilan Daerah or DPD), constitutionally mandated role includes providing legislative input to DPR on issues affecting regions (132 members, four from each of Indonesia's origianal 30 provinces, two special regions, and one special capital city district) elections: last held on 9 April 2009 (next to be held in 2014) election results: percent of vote by party - PD 20.9%, GOLKAR 14.5%, PDI-P 14.0%, PKS 7.9%, PAN 6.0%, PPP 5.3%, PKB 4.9%, GERINDRA 4.5%, HANURA 3.8%, others 18.2%; seats by party - PD 148, GOLKAR 107, PDI-P 94, PKS 57, PAN 46, PPP 37, PKB 28, GERINDRA 26, HANURA 17 note: 29 other parties received less than 2.5% of the vote so did not obtain any seats; because of election rules, the number of seats won does not always follow the percentage of votes received by parties

National anthem(s) (National anthem) [time series]

name: "Indonesia Raya" (Great Indonesia)

National holiday [time series]

Independence Day, 17 August (1945)

National symbol(s) [time series]

garuda (mythical bird)

Political parties (Political parties and leaders) [time series]

Democrat Party or PD [Susilo Bambang YUDHOYONO] Functional Groups Party or GOLKAR [Aburizal BAKRIE] Great Indonesia Movement Party or GERINDRA [SUHARDI] Indonesia Democratic Party-Struggle or PDI-P [MEGAWATI Sukarnoputri] National Awakening Party or PKB [Muhaiman ISKANDAR] National Mandate Party or PAN [Hatta RAJASA] People's Conscience Party or HANURA [WIRANTO] Prosperous Justice Party or PKS [Anis MATTA] United Development Party or PPP [Suryadharma ALI]

Political parties (Political pressure groups and leaders) [time series]

Commission for the "Disappeared" and Victims of Violence or KontraS Indonesia Corruption Watch or ICW Indonesian Forum for the Environment or WALHI

Suffrage [time series]

17 years of age; universal and married persons regardless of age

Introduction

Background [time series]

The Dutch began to colonize Indonesia in the early 17th century; Japan occupied the islands from 1942 to 1945. Indonesia declared its independence shortly before Japan's surrender, but it required four years of sometimes brutal fighting, intermittent negotiations, and UN mediation before the Netherlands agreed to transfer sovereignty in 1949. A period of sometimes unruly parliamentary democracy ended in 1957 when President SOEKARNO declared martial law and instituted "Guided Democracy." After an abortive coup in 1965 by alleged communist sympathizers, SOEKARNO was gradually eased from power. From 1967 until 1988, President SUHARTO ruled Indonesia with his "New Order" government. After rioting toppled Suharto in 1998, free and fair legislative elections took place in 1999. Indonesia is now the world's third most populous democracy, the world's largest archipelagic state, and the world's largest Muslim-majority nation. Current issues include: alleviating poverty, improving education, preventing terrorism, consolidating democracy after four decades of authoritarianism, implementing economic and financial reforms, stemming corruption, reforming the criminal justice system, holding the military and police accountable for human rights violations, addressing climate change, and controlling infectious diseases, particularly those of global and regional importance. In 2005, Indonesia reached a historic peace agreement with armed separatists in Aceh, which led to democratic elections in Aceh in December 2006. Indonesia continues to face low intensity armed resistance in Papua by the separatist Free Papua Movement.

Military

Manpower available for military service [time series]

males age 16-49: 65,847,171 females age 16-49: 63,228,017 (2010 est.)

Manpower fit for military service [time series]

males age 16-49: 54,264,299 females age 16-49: 53,274,361 (2010 est.)

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually [time series]

male: 2,263,892 female: 2,191,267 (2010 est.)

Military and security forces (Military branches) [time series]

Indonesian Armed Forces (Tentara Nasional Indonesia, TNI): Army (TNI-Angkatan Darat (TNI-AD)), Navy (TNI-Angkatan Laut (TNI-AL); includes marines (Korps Marinir, KorMar), naval air arm), Air Force (TNI-Angkatan Udara (TNI-AU)), National Air Defense Command (Kommando Pertahanan Udara Nasional (Kohanudnas)) (2013)

Military expenditures [time series]

0.78% of GDP (2012) country comparison to the world: 116 0.67% of GDP (2011) 0.78% of GDP (2010)

Military service age and obligation [time series]

18-45 years of age for voluntary military service, with selective conscription authorized; 2-year service obligation, with reserve obligation to age 45 (officers); Indonesian citizens only (2012)

People and Society

Age structure [time series]

0-14 years: 26.2% (male 33,854,520/female 32,648,568) 15-24 years: 17.1% (male 22,067,716/female 21,291,548) 25-54 years: 42.3% (male 54,500,650/female 52,723,359) 55-64 years: 7.9% (male 9,257,637/female 10,780,724) 65 years and over: 6.4% (male 7,176,865/female 9,308,056) (2014 est.)

Birth rate [time series]

17.04 births/1,000 population (2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 108

Child labor - children ages 5-14 [time series]

total number: 4,026,285 percentage: 7 % note: data represents children ages 5-17 (2009 est.)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight [time series]

18.6% (2010) country comparison to the world: 36

Contraceptive prevalence rate [time series]

61.9% (2012)

Death rate [time series]

6.34 deaths/1,000 population (2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 156

Dependency ratios [time series]

total dependency ratio: 51 % youth dependency ratio: 43 % elderly dependency ratio: 8 % potential support ratio: 12.5 (2014 est.)

Drinking water source [time series]

improved: urban: 93% of population rural: 76.4% of population total: 84.9% of population unimproved: urban: 7% of population rural: 23.6% of population total: 15.1% of population (2012 est.)

Education expenditure (Education expenditures) [time series]

2.8% of GDP (2011) country comparison to the world: 143

Ethnic groups [time series]

Javanese 40.1%, Sundanese 15.5%, Malay 3.7%, Batak 3.6%, Madurese 3%, Betawi 2.9%, Minangkabau 2.7%, Buginese 2.7%, Bantenese 2%, Banjarese 1.7%, Balinese 1.7%, Acehnese 1.4%, Dayak 1.4%, Sasak 1.3%, Chinese 1.2%, other 15% (2010 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate [time series]

0.4% (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 74

HIV/AIDS - deaths [time series]

26,800 (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 15

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS [time series]

605,500 (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 15

Health expenditure (Health expenditures) [time series]

2.7% of GDP (2011) country comparison to the world: 181

Hospital bed density [time series]

0.6 beds/1,000 population (2010)

Infant mortality rate [time series]

total: 25.16 deaths/1,000 live births country comparison to the world: 71 male: 29.45 deaths/1,000 live births female: 20.66 deaths/1,000 live births (2014 est.)

Languages [time series]

Bahasa Indonesia (official, modified form of Malay), English, Dutch, local dialects (of which the most widely spoken is Javanese) note: more than 700 languages are used in Indonesia

Life expectancy at birth [time series]

total population: 72.17 years country comparison to the world: 137 male: 69.59 years female: 74.88 years (2014 est.)

Literacy [time series]

definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 92.8% male: 95.6% female: 90.1% (2011 est.)

Major infectious diseases [time series]

degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: dengue fever and malaria note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2013)

Major urban areas - population [time series]

JAKARTA (capital) 9.769 million; Surabaya 2.787 million; Bandung 2.429 million; Medan 2.118 million; Semarang 1.573 million; Palembang 1.455 million (2011)

Maternal mortality ratio (Maternal mortality rate) [time series]

220 deaths/100,000 live births (2010) country comparison to the world: 52

Median age [time series]

total: 29.2 years male: 28.7 years female: 29.8 years (2014 est.)

Mother's mean age at first birth [time series]

22.8 note: median age at first birth among women 25-29 (2012 est.)

Nationality [time series]

noun: Indonesian(s) adjective: Indonesian

Net migration rate [time series]

-1.18 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 154

Obesity - adult prevalence rate [time series]

4.8% (2008) country comparison to the world: 160

Physician density (Physicians density) [time series]

0.2 physicians/1,000 population (2012)

Population [time series]

253,609,643 (July 2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 5

Population growth rate [time series]

0.95% (2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 124

Religions [time series]

Muslim 87.2%, Christian 7%, Roman Catholic 2.9%, Hindu 1.7%, other 0.9% (includes Buddhist and Confucian), unspecified 0.4% (2010 est.)

Sanitation facility access [time series]

improved: urban: 71.4% of population rural: 45.5% of population total: 58.8% of population unimproved: urban: 28.6% of population rural: 54.5% of population total: 41.2% of population (2012 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) [time series]

total: 13 years male: 13 years female: 13 years (2011)

Sex ratio [time series]

at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2014 est.)

Total fertility rate [time series]

2.18 children born/woman (2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 102

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) (Unemployment, youth ages 15-24) [time series]

total: 22.2% country comparison to the world: 52 male: 21.6% female: 23% (2009)

Urbanization [time series]

urban population: 50.7% of total population (2011) rate of urbanization: 2.45% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

Transnational Issues

Disputes - international [time series]

Indonesia has a stated foreign policy objective of establishing stable fixed land and maritime boundaries with all of its neighbors; three stretches of land borders with Timor-Leste have yet to be delimited, two of which are in the Oecussi exclave area, and no maritime or Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) boundaries have been established between the countries; many refugees from Timor-Leste who left in 2003 still reside in Indonesia and refuse repatriation; all borders between Indonesia and Australia have been agreed upon bilaterally, but a 1997 treaty that would settle the last of their maritime and EEZ boundary has yet to be ratified by Indonesia's legislature; Indonesian groups challenge Australia's claim to Ashmore Reef; Australia has closed parts of the Ashmore and Cartier Reserve to Indonesian traditional fishing and placed restrictions on certain catches; land and maritime negotiations with Malaysia are ongoing, and disputed areas include the controversial Tanjung Datu and Camar Wulan border area in Borneo and the maritime boundary in the Ambalat oil block in the Celebes Sea; Indonesia and Singapore continue to work on finalizing their 1973 maritime boundary agreement by defining unresolved areas north of Indonesia's Batam Island; Indonesian secessionists, squatters, and illegal migrants create repatriation problems for Papua New Guinea; maritime delimitation talks continue with Palau; EEZ negotiations with Vietnam are ongoing, and the two countries in Fall 2011 agreed to work together to reduce illegal fishing along their maritime boundary

Illicit drugs [time series]

illicit producer of cannabis largely for domestic use; producer of methamphetamine and ecstasy

Refugees and internally displaced persons [time series]

IDPs: at least 90,000 (inter-communal, inter-faith, and separatist violence between 1998 and 2004 in Aceh and Papua; religious attacks and land conflicts in 2012 and 2013; most IDPs in Aceh, Papua, West Papua, Central Kalimantan, Central Sulawesi Provinces, Maluku, North Maluku) (2014) (2011)

Transportation

Airports [time series]

673 (2013) country comparison to the world: 10

Airports - with paved runways [time series]

total: 186 over 3,047 m: 5 2,438 to 3,047 m: 21 1,524 to 2,437 m: 51 914 to 1,523 m: 72 under 914 m: 37 (2013)

Airports - with unpaved runways [time series]

total: 487 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 23 under 914 m: 460 (2013)

Heliports [time series]

76 (2013)

Merchant marine [time series]

total: 1,340 country comparison to the world: 8 by type: bulk carrier 105, cargo 618, chemical tanker 69, container 120, liquefied gas 28, passenger 49, passenger/cargo 77, petroleum tanker 244, refrigerated cargo 6, roll on/roll off 12, specialized tanker 1, vehicle carrier 11 foreign-owned: 69 (China 1, France 1, Greece 1, Japan 8, Jordan 1, Malaysia 1, Norway 3, Singapore 46, South Korea 2, Taiwan 1, UK 2, US 2) registered in other countries: 95 (Bahamas 2, Cambodia 2, China 2, Hong Kong 10, Liberia 4, Marshall Islands 1, Mongolia 2, Panama 10, Singapore 60, Tuvalu 1, unknown 1) (2010)

Pipelines [time series]

condensate 1,064 km; condensate/gas 150 km; gas 11,702 km; liquid petroleum gas 119 km; oil 7,767 km; oil/gas/water 77 km; refined products 728 km; unknown 53 km; water 44 km (2013)

Ports (Ports and terminals) [time series]

major seaport(s): Banjarmasin, Belawan, Kotabaru, Krueg Geukueh, Palembang, Panjang, Sungai Pakning, Tanjung Perak, Tanjung Priok container port(s) (TEUs): Tanjung Priok (5,617,562)

Railways [time series]

total: 5,042 km country comparison to the world: 35 narrow gauge: 5,042 km 1.067-m gauge (565 km electrified) (2008)

Roadways [time series]

total: 496,607 km country comparison to the world: 13 paved: 283,102 km unpaved: 213,505 km (2011)

Transportation - note [time series]

the International Maritime Bureau continues to report the territorial and offshore waters in the Strait of Malacca and South China Sea as high risk for piracy and armed robbery against ships; attacks have increased yearly since 2009; in 2012, 73 commercial vessels were boarded and 47 crew members taken hostage; hijacked vessels are often disguised and cargo diverted to ports in East Asia; crews have been murdered or cast adrift

Waterways [time series]

21,579 km (2011) country comparison to the world: 7