Threat Environment: Europe & Eurasia

Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps/Qods Force; Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

refugees: 9,381 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 2,203 (2024 est.)

refugees: 145,354 (2024 est.) IDPs: 4 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 373 (2024 est.)

Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

refugees: 313,711 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 3,919 (2024 est.)

Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS); Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC)/Qods Force note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

refugees: 6,698 (2024 est.) IDPs: 657,996 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 271 (2024 est.)

tier rating: Tier 3 Belarus does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so, therefore, Belarus remained on Tier 3; for more details, go to: https://www.state.gov/reports/2025-trafficking-in-persons-report/belarus/

refugees: 44,621 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 5,620 (2024 est.)

Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps/Qods Force; Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

USG identification: major precursor-chemical producer (2025)

refugees: 236,689 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 849 (2024 est.)

Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps/Qods Force note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

refugees: 685 (2024 est.) IDPs: 94,796 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 23 (2024 est.)

Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS); Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps/Qods Force note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

refugees: 114,728 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 862 (2024 est.)

refugees: 29,927 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 758 (2024 est.)

Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

refugees: 73,303 (2024 est.) IDPs: 244,944 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 130 (2024 est.)

refugees: 392,198 (2024 est.) IDPs: 5 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 588 (2024 est.)

Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS); Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC)/Qods Force note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

refugees: 100,832 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 8,566 (2024 est.)

refugees: 42,439 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 63,944 (2024 est.)

Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS)

refugees: 97,568 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 1,326 (2024 est.)

Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps/Qods Force; Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS); al-Qa'ida note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

refugees: 810,325 (2024 est.) IDPs: 59 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 2,634 (2024 est.)

refugees: 31,791 (2024 est.) IDPs: 347,754 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 488 (2024 est.)

Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps/Qods Force; Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS); al-Qa'ida note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

USG identification: major precursor-chemical producer (2025)

refugees: 3,098,169 (2024 est.) IDPs: 100 (2023 est.) stateless persons: 28,813 (2024 est.)

Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS); Revolutionary Struggle (RS); Revolutionary People's Liberation Party/Front (DHKP/C) note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

refugees: 144,694 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 3,743 (2024 est.)

Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

refugees: 72,359 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 101 (2024 est.)

refugees: 8,960 (2024 est.) IDPs: 3,700 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 31 (2024 est.)

Continuity Irish Republican Army (CIRA); Real Irish Republican Army (RIRA); Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

refugees: 156,441 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 48 (2024 est.)

Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

refugees: 520,127 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 3,000 (2024 est.)

refugees: 49,483 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 173,891 (2024 est.)

refugees: 875 (2024 est.)

refugees: 53,859 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 2,236 (2024 est.)

refugees: 14,344 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 85 (2024 est.)

refugees: 9,284 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 171 (2024 est.)

refugees: 136,845 (2024 est.) IDPs: 6 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 3,164 (2024 est.)

refugees: 17 (2024 est.)

refugees: 18,820 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 423 (2024 est.)

Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

USG identification: major precursor-chemical producer (2025)

refugees: 310,239 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 4,428 (2024 est.)

Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

refugees: 20,937 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 159 (2024 est.)

refugees: 129,894 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 1,621 (2024 est.)

Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

USG identification: major precursor-chemical producer (2025)

refugees: 1,019,863 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 1,486 (2024 est.)

Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

refugees: 71,166 (2024 est.) IDPs: 21 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 31 (2024 est.)

Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

refugees: 184,991 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 297 (2024 est.)

Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

tier rating: Tier 3 Russia does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so, therefore, Russia remained on Tier 3; for more details, go to: https://www.state.gov/reports/2025-trafficking-in-persons-report/russia/

refugees: 11,440 (2024 est.) IDPs: 172,783 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 90,185 (2024 est.)

refugees: 36,270 (2024 est.) IDPs: 194,171 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 1,715 (2024 est.)

refugees: 144,349 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 65 (2024 est.)

refugees: 13,369 (2024 est.) IDPs: 10 (2023 est.) stateless persons: 10 (2024 est.)

Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS); al-Qa ida note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

refugees: 693,298 (2024 est.) IDPs: 3,960 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 10,164 (2024 est.)

Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

refugees: 168,519 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 6,835 (2024 est.)

Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

refugees: 213,177 (2024 est.) IDPs: 97 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 1,267 (2024 est.)

Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS); Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU); Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC)/Qods Force; Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK); al-Qa'ida; Revolutionary People's Liberation Party/Front (DHKP/C) note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

refugees: 3,094,818 (2024 est.) IDPs: 538,105 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 420 (2024 est.)

refugees: 2,876 (2024 est.) IDPs: 3,665,165 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 10,910 (2024 est.)

Continuity Irish Republican Army (CIRA); Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS); al-Qa'ida; Real Irish Republican Army (RIRA) note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

USG identification: major precursor-chemical producer (2025)

refugees: 640,460 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 4,672 (2024 est.)