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Communications

Broadcast media (Radio broadcast stations) [time series]

AM 0, FM 6, shortwave 0

Radios [time series]

230,000 (1993 est.)

Telecommunication systems (Telephone system) [time series]

highly developed, completely automated and efficient system, mainly buried cables domestic: nationwide cellular telephone system; buried cable international: 3 channels leased on TAT-6 coaxial submarine cable (Europe to North America)

Telephones - fixed lines (Telephones) [time series]

221,900 (1994 est.)

Broadcast media (Television broadcast stations) [time series]

1 plus 1 direct-broadcast satellite link

Televisions [time series]

100,500 (1993 est.)

Economy

Agricultural products (Agriculture - products) [time series]

barley, oats, potatoes, wheat, fruits, wine grapes; livestock products

Budget [time series]

revenues: $5.46 billion expenditures: $5.44 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997 est.)

Exchange rates (Currency) [time series]

1 Luxembourg franc (LuxF) = 100 centimes

Debt - external [time series]

$NA

Economic aid [time series]

donor: ODA, $50 million (1993)

Economic overview (Economy - overview) [time series]

The stable, prosperous economy features moderate growth, low inflation, and low unemployment. Agriculture is based on small family-owned farms. The industrial sector, until recently dominated by steel, has become increasingly more diversified. During the past decades, growth in the financial sector has more than compensated for the decline in steel. Services, especially banking, account for a growing proportion of the economy. Luxembourg participates in an economic union with Belgium on trade and most financial matters, is also closely connected economically to the Netherlands, and, as a member of the EU, enjoys the advantages of the open European market.

Electricity - capacity [time series]

1.2 million kW (1994)

Electricity - consumption per capita [time series]

13,443 kWh (1995 est.)

Electricity - production [time series]

1.2 billion kWh (1995)

Exchange rates [time series]

Luxembourg francs (LuxF) per US$1 - 30.067 (January 1997), 30.962 (1996), 29.480 (1995), 33.456 (1994), 34.597 (1993), 32.150 (1992); note - the Luxembourg franc is at par with the Belgian franc, which circulates freely in Luxembourg

Exports [time series]

total value: $7.3 million (f.o.b., 1995 est.) commodities: finished steel products, chemicals, rubber products, glass, aluminum, other industrial products partners : Germany 28%, France 18%, Belgium 15%, UK 7%, Netherlands 5%

Fiscal year [time series]

calendar year

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) (GDP) [time series]

purchasing power parity - $10 billion (1995 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin (GDP - composition by sector) [time series]

agriculture: 5% industry: 21% services: 74% (1995)

Real GDP per capita (GDP - per capita) [time series]

purchasing power parity - $24,500 (1995 est.)

Real GDP growth rate (GDP - real growth rate) [time series]

3.7% (1995 est.)

Imports [time series]

total value: $9.1 million (c.i.f., 1995 est.) commodities: minerals, metals, foodstuffs, quality consumer goods partners: Belgium 38%, Germany 25%, France 11%, Netherlands 4%

Industrial production growth rate [time series]

3.3% (1995 est.)

Industries [time series]

banking, iron and steel, food processing, chemicals, metal products, engineering, tires, glass, aluminum

Inflation rate (consumer prices) (Inflation rate - consumer price index) [time series]

2.3% (1995)

Labor force [time series]

total: 213,100 (one-third of labor force is foreign workers, mostly from Portugal, Italy, France, Belgium, and Germany) by occupation : trade, restaurants, hotels 20%, mining, quarrying, manufacturing 16%, other market services 18%, community, social, personal services 14%, construction 11%, finance, insurance, real estate, business services 9%, transport, storage, communications 8%, agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing 1%, electricity, gas, water 1% (1995 est.)

Unemployment rate [time series]

3% (1995)

Geography

Area [time series]

total: 2,586 sq km land: 2,586 sq km water: 0 sq km

Area - comparative [time series]

slightly smaller than Rhode Island

Climate [time series]

modified continental with mild winters, cool summers

Coastline [time series]

0 km (landlocked)

Elevation (Elevation extremes) [time series]

lowest point: Moselle River 133 m highest point: Burgplatz 559 m

Environment - current issues [time series]

air and water pollution in urban areas

International environmental agreements (Environment - international agreements) [time series]

party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94 signed, but not ratified : Desertification, Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea

Geographic coordinates [time series]

49 45 N, 6 10 E

Geography - note [time series]

landlocked

Irrigated land [time series]

NA sq km

Land boundaries [time series]

total: 359 km border countries: Belgium 148 km, France 73 km, Germany 138 km

Land use [time series]

arable land: 24% permanent crops: 1% permanent pastures: 20% forests and woodland : 21% other: 34%

Location [time series]

Western Europe, between France and Germany

Map references [time series]

Europe

Maritime claims [time series]

none (landlocked)

Natural hazards [time series]

Natural resources [time series]

iron ore (no longer exploited)

Terrain [time series]

mostly gently rolling uplands with broad, shallow valleys; uplands to slightly mountainous in the north; steep slope down to Moselle floodplain in the southeast

Government

Administrative divisions [time series]

3 districts; Diekirch, Grevenmacher, Luxembourg

Constitution [time series]

17 October 1868, occasional revisions

Country name [time series]

conventional long form: Grand Duchy of Luxembourg conventional short form : Luxembourg local long form: Grand-Duche de Luxembourg local short form: Luxembourg

Data code [time series]

Diplomatic representation from the US [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador Clay CONSTANTINOU embassy: 22 Boulevard Emmanuel-Servais, 2535 Luxembourg City mailing address: American Embassy Luxembourg, Unit 1410, APO AE 09126-1410 (official mail); American Embassy Luxembourg, PSC 9, Box 9500, APO AE 09123 (personal mail) telephone: [352] 46 01 23

Diplomatic representation in the US [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador Alphonse BERNS chancery: 2200 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 265-4171

Executive branch [time series]

chief of state: Grand Duke JEAN (since 12 November 1964); Heir Apparent Prince HENRI (son of Grand Duke JEAN, born 16 April 1955) head of government: Prime Minister Jean-Claude JUNCKER (since 1 January 1995) and Vice Prime Minister Jacques F. POOS (since 21 July 1984) cabinet : Council of Ministers appointed by the sovereign, responsible to the Chamber of Deputies elections : none; the grand duke is a hereditary monarch; prime minister and vice prime minister appointed by the sovereign but are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies

Diplomatic representation in the US (FAX) [time series]

[1] (202) 328-8270 consulate(s) general: New York and San Francisco

Diplomatic representation in the US (FAX) [time series]

[352] 46 14 01

Flag (Flag description) [time series]

three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and light blue; similar to the flag of the Netherlands, which uses a darker blue and is shorter; design was based on the flag of France

Government type [time series]

constitutional monarchy

Independence [time series]

1839

International organization participation [time series]

ACCT, Australia Group, Benelux, CCC, CE, EBRD, ECE, EIB, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, MTCR, NACC, NATO, NEA, NSG, OECD, OSCE, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WEU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO, ZC

Judicial branch [time series]

Superior Court of Justice or Cour Superieure de Justice, judges are appointed for life by the Grand Duke; Administrative Court or Tribunale Administratin

Legal system [time series]

based on civil law system; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Legislative branch [time series]

unicameral Chamber of Deputies or Chambre des Deputes (60 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 12 June 1994 (next to be held by June 1999) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - CSV 21, LSAP 17, DP 12, Action Committee for Democracy and Pension Rights 5, Greens 5 note: the Conseil d'Etat or Council of State is an advisory body whose views are considered by the Chamber of Deputies

Capital (National capital) [time series]

Luxembourg

National holiday [time series]

National Day, 23 June (1921) (public celebration of the Grand Duke's birthday)

Political parties (Political parties and leaders) [time series]

Christian Social People's Party or CSV [Erna HENNICOT-SCHOEPGES]; Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party or LSAP [Ben FAYOT]; Democratic Party or DP [Lydie Wurth POLFER]; Action Committee for Democracy and Pension Rights [Roby MEHLEN]; the Green Alternative [Abbes JACOBY]; other minor parties

Political parties (Political pressure groups and leaders) [time series]

group of steel companies representing iron and steel industry; Centrale Paysanne representing agricultural producers; Christian and Socialist labor unions; Federation of Industrialists; Artisans and Shopkeepers Federation

Suffrage [time series]

18 years of age; universal and compulsory

Military

Military and security forces (Military branches) [time series]

Army, National Gendarmerie

Military expenditures - dollar figure [time series]

$142 million (1995)

Military expenditures (Military expenditures - percent of GDP) [time series]

0.8% (1995)

Military manpower - availability [time series]

males age 15-49 : 107,842 (1997 est.)

Military manpower - fit for military service [time series]

males: 88,733 (1997 est.)

Military manpower - military age [time series]

19 years of age

Military manpower - reaching military age annually [time series]

males: 2,337 (1997 est.)

People

Age structure [time series]

0-14 years : 18% (male 39,219; female 37,459) 15-64 years: 67% (male 143,754; female 138,493) 65 years and over: 15% (male 24,653; female 36,838) (July 1997 est.)

Birth rate [time series]

11.92 births/1,000 population (1997 est.)

Death rate [time series]

9.29 deaths/1,000 population (1997 est.)

Ethnic groups [time series]

Celtic base (with French and German blend), Portuguese, Italian, and European (guest and worker residents)

Infant mortality rate [time series]

5.1 deaths/1,000 live births (1997 est.)

Languages [time series]

Luxembourgish, German, French, English

Life expectancy at birth [time series]

total population: 77.33 years male : 74.24 years female: 80.52 years (1997 est.)

Literacy [time series]

definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 100% male : 100% female: 100% (1980 est.)

Nationality [time series]

noun : Luxembourger(s) adjective: Luxembourg

Net migration rate [time series]

8.92 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1997 est.)

Population [time series]

420,416 (July 1997 est.)

Population growth rate [time series]

1.16% (1997 est.)

Religions [time series]

Roman Catholic 97%, Protestant and Jewish 3%

Sex ratio [time series]

at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.67 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (1997 est.)

Total fertility rate [time series]

1.7 children born/woman (1997 est.)

Transnational Issues

Disputes - international [time series]

none MACAU (overseas territory of Portugal)

Transportation

Airports [time series]

2 (1996 est.)

Airports - with paved runways [time series]

total: 2 over 3,047 m: 1 under 914 m : 1 (1996 est.)

Roadways (Highways) [time series]

total : 5,137 km paved: 5,086 km (including 123 km of expressways) unpaved: 51 km (1995 est.)

Merchant marine [time series]

total: 32 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 858,861 GRT/1,188,457 DWT ships by type: bulk 1, chemical tanker 5, container 2, liquefied gas tanker 12, oil tanker 4, passenger 2, roll-on/roll-off cargo 6 (1996 est.)

Pipelines [time series]

petroleum products 48 km

Ports (Ports and harbors) [time series]

Mertert

Railways [time series]

total: 275 km standard gauge : 275 km 1.435-m gauge (262 km electrified; 178 km double track) (1995)

Waterways [time series]

37 km; Moselle