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Historical Values
Year Value
1990 17 October 1868, occasional revisions
1991 17 October 1868, occasional revisions
1992 17 October 1868, occasional revisions
1993 17 October 1868, occasional revisions
1994 17 October 1868, occasional revisions
1995 17 October 1868, occasional revisions
1997 17 October 1868, occasional revisions
1998 17 October 1868, occasional revisions
1999 17 October 1868, occasional revisions
2000 17 October 1868, occasional revisions
2001 17 October 1868, occasional revisions
2002 17 October 1868, occasional revisions
2003 17 October 1868, occasional revisions
2004 17 October 1868, occasional revisions
2005 17 October 1868; occasional revisions
2006 17 October 1868; occasional revisions
2007 17 October 1868; occasional revisions
2008 17 October 1868; occasional revisions
2009 17 October 1868; occasional revisions
2010 17 October 1868; occasional revisions
2011 17 October 1868; occasional revisions
2012 17 October 1868; occasional revisions
2013 previous 1842 (heavily amended 1848, 1856); latest effective 17 October 1968; amended many times, last in 2008 (2008)
2014 previous 1842 (heavily amended 1848, 1856); latest effective 17 October 1968; amended many times, last in 2008 (2008)
2015 previous 1842 (heavily amended 1848, 1856); latest effective 17 October 1968; amended many times, last in 2008 (2008)
2016 previous 1842 (heavily amended 1848, 1856); latest effective 17 October 1868; amended many times, last in 2009 (2016)
2017 history: previous 1842 (heavily amended 1848, 1856); latest effective 17 October 1868 | amendments: proposed by the Chamber of Deputies or by the monarch to the Chamber; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote by the Chamber in two successive readings three months apart; a referendum can be substituted for the second reading if approved by more than one-quarter of the Chamber members or by 25,000 valid voters; adoption by referendum requires a majority of all valid voters; amended man
2018 history: previous 1842 (heavily amended 1848, 1856); latest effective 17 October 1868 (2016) | amendments: proposed by the Chamber of Deputies or by the monarch to the Chamber; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote by the Chamber in two successive readings three months apart; a referendum can be substituted for the second reading if approved by more than one-quarter of the Chamber members or by 25,000 valid voters; adoption by referendum requires a majority of all valid voters; amen
2019 history: previous 1842 (heavily amended 1848, 1856); latest effective 17 October 1868 | amendments: proposed by the Chamber of Deputies or by the monarch to the Chamber; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote by the Chamber in two successive readings three months apart; a referendum can be substituted for the second reading if approved by more than a quarter of the Chamber members or by 25,000 valid voters; adoption by referendum requires a majority of all valid voters; amended many
2020 history: previous 1842 (heavily amended 1848, 1856); latest effective 17 October 1868 | amendments: proposed by the Chamber of Deputies or by the monarch to the Chamber; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote by the Chamber in two successive readings three months apart; a referendum can be substituted for the second reading if approved by more than a quarter of the Chamber members or by 25,000 valid voters; adoption by referendum requires a majority of all valid voters; amended many
2021 history: previous 1842 (heavily amended 1848, 1856); latest effective 17 October 1868 amendments: proposed by the Chamber of Deputies or by the monarch to the Chamber; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote by the Chamber in two successive readings three months apart; a referendum can be substituted for the second reading if approved by more than a quarter of the Chamber members or by 25,000 valid voters; adoption by referendum requires a majority of all valid voters; amended many ti
2022 history: previous 1842 (heavily amended 1848, 1856); latest effective 17 October 1868 amendments: proposed by the Chamber of Deputies or by the monarch to the Chamber; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote by the Chamber in two successive readings three months apart; a referendum can be substituted for the second reading if approved by more than a quarter of the Chamber members or by 25,000 valid voters; adoption by referendum requires a majority of all valid voters; amended many ti
2023 history: previous 1842 (heavily amended 1848, 1856); latest effective 17 October 1868 amendments: proposed by the Chamber of Deputies or by the monarch to the Chamber; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote by the Chamber in two successive readings three months apart; a referendum can be substituted for the second reading if approved by more than a quarter of the Chamber members or by 25,000 valid voters; adoption by referendum requires a majority of all valid voters; amended many ti
2024 history: previous 1842 (heavily amended 1848, 1856); latest effective 17 October 1868 amendments: proposed by the Chamber of Deputies or by the monarch to the Chamber; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote by the Chamber in two successive readings three months apart; a referendum can be substituted for the second reading if approved by more than a quarter of the Chamber members or by 25,000 valid voters; adoption by referendum requires a majority of all valid voters; amended many ti
2025 history: previous 1842 (heavily amended 1848, 1856); latest effective 17 October 1868 amendment process: proposed by the Chamber of Deputies or by the monarch to the Chamber; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote by the Chamber in two successive readings three months apart; a referendum can be substituted for the second reading if approved by more than a quarter of the Chamber members or by 25,000 valid voters; adoption by referendum requires a majority of all valid voters