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Communications

Broadcast media [time series]

the national state-owned public broadcaster, Croatian Radiotelevision, operates 4 terrestrial TV networks, a satellite channel that rebroadcasts programs for Croatians living abroad, and 6 regional TV centers; 2 private broadcasters operate national terrestrial networks; roughly 25 privately owned regional TV stations; multi-channel cable and satellite TV subscription services are available; state-owned public broadcaster operates 3 national radio networks and 9 regional radio stations; 2 privately owned national radio networks and more than 170 regional, county, city, and community radio stations (2012)

Internet country code [time series]

.hr

Internet users [time series]

total: 3.117 million | percent of population: 69.8% (July 2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 86

Telecommunication systems (Telephone system) [time series]

general assessment: the telecommunications network has improved steadily since the mid-1990s, covering much of what were once inaccessible areas; local lines are digital | domestic: fixed-line teledensity has droped somewhat to about 35 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions now even with the population | international: country code - 385; digital international service is provided through the main switch in Zagreb; Croatia participates in the Trans-Asia-Europe fiber-optic project, which consists of 2 fiber-optic trunk connections with Slovenia and a fiber-optic trunk line from Rijeka to Split and Dubrovnik; the ADRIA-1 submarine cable provides connectivity to Albania and Greece (2015)

Telephones - fixed lines [time series]

total subscriptions: 1,476,506 | subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 33 (July 2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 66

Telephones - mobile cellular [time series]

total: 4.416 million | subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 99 (July 2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 123

Economy

Agricultural products (Agriculture - products) [time series]

arable crops (wheat, corn, barley, sugar beet, sunflower, rapeseed, alfalfa, clover); vegetables (potatoes, cabbage, onion, tomato, pepper); fruits (apples, plum, mandarins, olives), grapes for wine; livestock (cattle, cows, pigs); dairy products

Budget [time series]

revenues: $21.3 billion | expenditures: $22.86 billion (2015 est.)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) [time series]

-3.2% of GDP (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 121

Central bank discount rate [time series]

7% (31 December 2013) | 7% (31 December 2012) | country comparison to the world: 45

Commercial bank prime lending rate [time series]

5.83% (31 December 2015 est.) | 6.28% (31 December 2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 130

Current account balance [time series]

$2.143 billion (2015 est.) | $380 million (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 30

Debt - external [time series]

$50.88 billion (31 December 2015 est.) | $56.6 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 62

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income (Distribution of family income - Gini index) [time series]

32 (2010) | 29 (1998) | country comparison to the world: 111

Economic overview (Economy - overview) [time series]

Though still one of the wealthiest of the former Yugoslav republics, Croatia's economy suffered badly during the 1991-95 war. The country's output during that time collapsed, and Croatia missed the early waves of investment in Central and Eastern Europe that followed the fall of the Berlin Wall. Between 2000 and 2007, however, Croatia's economic fortunes began to improve with moderate but steady GDP growth between 4% and 6% led by a rebound in tourism and credit-driven consumer spending. Inflation over the same period remained tame and the currency, the kuna, stable. | Croatia experienced an abrupt slowdown in the economy in 2008 and has yet to recover; economic growth was stagnant or negative in each year since 2009. Difficult problems still remain including a stubbornly high unemployment rate, uneven regional development, and a challenging investment climate. Croatia continues to face reduced foreign investment. | On 1 July 2013, Croatia joined the EU, following a decade-long application process. Croatia will be a member of the European Exchange Rate Mechanism until it meets the criteria for joining the Economic and Monetary Union and adopts the euro as its currency. EU accession has increased pressure on the government to reduce Croatia’s relatively high public debt, which triggered the EU’s excessive deficit procedure for fiscal consolidation. Zagreb has cut spending since 2012, and the government also raised additional revenues through more stringent tax collection and by raising the value-added tax. The government has also sought to accelerate privatization of non-strategic assets, with mixed success.

Exchange rates [time series]

kuna (HRK) per US dollar - | 6.8583 (2015 est.) | 5.7482 (2014 est.) | 5.7482 (2013 est.) | 5.85 (2012 est.) | 5.3439 (2011 est.)

Exports [time series]

$11.91 billion (2015 est.) | $12.95 billion (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 80

Exports - commodities [time series]

transport equipment, machinery, textiles, chemicals, foodstuffs, fuels

Exports - partners [time series]

Italy 13.4%, Slovenia 12.5%, Germany 11.4%, Bosnia and Herzegovina 9.9%, Austria 6.6%, Serbia 4.9% (2015)

Fiscal year [time series]

calendar year

GDP (official exchange rate) [time series]

$48.85 billion (2015 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) (GDP (purchasing power parity)) [time series]

$91.1 billion (2015 est.) | $89.62 billion (2014 est.) | $89.95 billion (2013 est.) | note: data are in 2015 US dollars | country comparison to the world: 85

GDP - composition, by end use [time series]

GDP - composition, by sector of origin [time series]

agriculture: 4.3% | industry: 26.2% | services: 69.5% (2015 est.)

Real GDP per capita (GDP - per capita (PPP)) [time series]

$21,600 (2015 est.) | $21,100 (2014 est.) | $21,100 (2013 est.) | note: data are in 2015 US dollars | country comparison to the world: 82

Real GDP growth rate (GDP - real growth rate) [time series]

1.6% (2015 est.) | -0.4% (2014 est.) | -1.1% (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 143

Gross national saving [time series]

23.3% of GDP (2015 est.) | 20.3% of GDP (2014 est.) | 20.1% of GDP (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 62

Household income or consumption by percentage share [time series]

lowest 10%: 3.3% | highest 10%: 27.5% (2008 est.)

Imports [time series]

$19.28 billion (2015 est.) | $21.39 billion (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 74

Imports - commodities [time series]

machinery, transport and electrical equipment; chemicals, fuels and lubricants; foodstuffs

Imports - partners [time series]

Germany 15.5%, Italy 13.1%, Slovenia 10.7%, Austria 9.2%, Hungary 7.8% (2015)

Industrial production growth rate [time series]

1.9% (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 113

Industries [time series]

chemicals and plastics, machine tools, fabricated metal, electronics, pig iron and rolled steel products, aluminum, paper, wood products, construction materials, textiles, shipbuilding, petroleum and petroleum refining, food and beverages, tourism

Inflation rate (consumer prices) [time series]

-0.5% (2015 est.) | -0.2% (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 30

Labor force [time series]

1.677 million (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 126

Labor force - by occupation [time series]

agriculture: 1.9% | industry: 27.6% | services: 70.4% (2014)

Market value of publicly traded shares [time series]

$36.29 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $33.75 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | $33.44 billion (31 December 2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 60

Population below poverty line [time series]

19.5% (2014 est.)

Public debt [time series]

86.7% of GDP (2015 est.) | 86.5% of GDP (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 23

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold [time series]

$14.97 billion (31 December 2015 est.) | $15.42 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 67

Stock of broad money [time series]

$49.38 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $49.24 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 69

Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad [time series]

$8.05 billion (31 December 2015 est.) | $8.077 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 62

Stock of direct foreign investment - at home [time series]

$39.74 billion (31 December 2015 est.) | $39.59 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 61

Stock of domestic credit [time series]

$42.41 billion (31 December 2015 est.) | $46.9 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 68

Stock of narrow money [time series]

$10.11 billion (31 December 2015 est.) | $10.07 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 78

Taxes and other revenues [time series]

43.6% of GDP (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 27

Unemployment rate [time series]

17.1% (2015 est.) | 19.3% (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 160

Energy

Carbon dioxide emissions (Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy) [time series]

19 million Mt (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 125

Crude oil - exports [time series]

0 bbl/day (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 138

Crude oil - imports [time series]

37,300 bbl/day (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 56

Crude oil - production [time series]

12,420 bbl/day (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 79

Crude oil - proved reserves [time series]

71 million bbl (1 January 2016 es) | country comparison to the world: 77

Electricity - consumption [time series]

16.97 billion kWh (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 74

Electricity - exports [time series]

2.866 billion kWh (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 38

Electricity - from fossil fuels [time series]

37.1% of total installed capacity (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 168

Electricity - from hydroelectric plants [time series]

48.5% of total installed capacity (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 50

Electricity - from nuclear fuels [time series]

7.7% of total installed capacity (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 21

Electricity - from other renewable sources [time series]

6.6% of total installed capacity (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 53

Electricity - imports [time series]

6.592 billion kWh (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 37

Electricity - installed generating capacity [time series]

4.4 million kW (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 80

Electricity - production [time series]

13 billion kWh (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 88

Electricity access [time series]

electrification - total population: 100% (2016)

Natural gas - consumption [time series]

2.81 billion cu m (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 75

Natural gas - exports [time series]

422 million cu m (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 40

Natural gas - imports [time series]

1.089 billion cu m (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 57

Natural gas - production [time series]

1.363 billion cu m (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 57

Natural gas - proved reserves [time series]

24.92 billion cu m (1 January 2016 es) | country comparison to the world: 72

Refined petroleum products - consumption [time series]

70,000 bbl/day (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 86

Refined petroleum products - exports [time series]

29,060 bbl/day (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 69

Refined petroleum products - imports [time series]

32,890 bbl/day (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 94

Refined petroleum products - production [time series]

56,650 bbl/day (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 80

Geography

Area [time series]

total: 56,594 sq km | land: 55,974 sq km | water: 620 sq km | country comparison to the world: 127

Area - comparative [time series]

slightly smaller than West Virginia

Climate [time series]

Mediterranean and continental; continental climate predominant with hot summers and cold winters; mild winters, dry summers along coast

Coastline [time series]

5,835 km (mainland 1,777 km, islands 4,058 km)

Elevation [time series]

mean elevation: 331 m | elevation extremes: lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m | highest point: Dinara 1,831 m

Environment - current issues [time series]

air pollution (from metallurgical plants) and resulting acid rain is damaging the forests; coastal pollution from industrial and domestic waste; landmine removal and reconstruction of infrastructure consequent to 1992-95 civil strife

International environmental agreements (Environment - international agreements) [time series]

party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling | signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Geographic coordinates [time series]

45 10 N, 15 30 E

Geography - note [time series]

controls most land routes from Western Europe to Aegean Sea and Turkish Straits; most Adriatic Sea islands lie off the coast of Croatia - some 1,200 islands, islets, ridges, and rocks

Irrigated land [time series]

240 sq km (2012)

Land boundaries [time series]

total: 2,237 km | border countries (5): Bosnia and Herzegovina 956 km, Hungary 348 km, Montenegro 19 km, Serbia 314 km, Slovenia 600 km

Land use [time series]

agricultural land: 23.7% | arable land 16%; permanent crops 1.5%; permanent pasture 6.2% | forest: 34.4% | other: 41.9% (2011 est.)

Location [time series]

Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea, between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Slovenia

Map references [time series]

Europe

Maritime claims [time series]

territorial sea: 12 nm | continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

Natural hazards [time series]

destructive earthquakes

Natural resources [time series]

oil, some coal, bauxite, low-grade iron ore, calcium, gypsum, natural asphalt, silica, mica, clays, salt, hydropower

Population distribution (Population - distribution) [time series]

more of the population lives in the northern half of the country, with approximately a quarter of the populace residing in and around the capital of Zagreb; many of the islands are sparsely populated

Terrain [time series]

geographically diverse; flat plains along Hungarian border, low mountains and highlands near Adriatic coastline and islands

Government

Administrative divisions [time series]

20 counties (zupanije, zupanija - singular) and 1 city* (grad - singular) with special county status; Bjelovarsko-Bilogorska(Bjelovar-Bilogora), Brodsko-Posavska (Brod-Posavina), Dubrovacko-Neretvanska (Dubrovnik-Neretva), Istarska (Istria), Karlovacka (Karlovac), Koprivnicko-Krizevacka (Koprivinica-Krizevci), Krapinsko-Zagorska (Krapina-Zagorje), Licko-Senjska (Lika-Senj), Medimurska (Medimurje), Osjecko-Baranjska (Osijek-Baranja), Pozesko-Slavonska (Pozega-Slavonia), Primorsko-Goranska (Primorje-Gorski Kotar), Sibensko-Kninska (Sibenik-Knin), Sisacko-Moslavacka (Sislak-Moslavina), Splitsko-Dalmatinska (Split-Dalmatia), Varazdinska (Varazdin), Viroviticko-Podravska (Virovitica-Podravina), Vukovarsko-Srijemska (Vukovar-Syrmia), Zadarska (Zadar), Zagreb*, Zagrebacka (Zagreb county)

Capital [time series]

name: Zagreb | geographic coordinates: 45 48 N, 16 00 E | time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) | daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

Citizenship [time series]

citizenship by birth: no | citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Croatia | dual citizenship recognized: yes | residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years

Constitution [time series]

several previous; latest adopted 22 December 1990; amended several times, last in 2014 (2016)

Country name [time series]

conventional long form: Republic of Croatia | conventional short form: Croatia | local long form: Republika Hrvatska | local short form: Hrvatska | former: People's Republic of Croatia, Socialist Republic of Croatia | etymology: name derives from the Croats, a Slavic tribe who migrated to the Balkans in the 7th century A.D.

Diplomatic representation from the US [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador Julieta Valls NOYES (since 5 October 2015) | embassy: 2 Thomas Jefferson Street, 10010 Zagreb | mailing address: use embassy street address | telephone: [385] (1) 661-2200 | FAX: [385] (1) 661-2373

Diplomatic representation in the US [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador Josip "Josko" PARO (since 20 April 2012) | chancery: 2343 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 | telephone: [1] (202) 588-5899 | FAX: [1] (202) 588-8936 | consulate(s) general: Chicago, Los Angeles, New York

Executive branch [time series]

chief of state: President Kolinda GRABAR-KITAROVIC (since 19 February 2015) | head of government: Prime Minister Andrej PLENKOVIC (since 19 October 2016); Deputy Prime Ministers Davor Ivo STIER, Damir KRSTICEVIC, Martina DALIC, Ivan KOVACIC (since 19 October 2016) | cabinet: Council of Ministers named by the prime minister and approved by the Assembly | elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 28 December 2014 and 11 January 2015 (next to be held in 2019); the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the president and approved by the Assembly | election results: Kolinda GRABAR-KITAROVIC elected president; percent of vote in the second round - Kolinda GRABAR-KITAROVIC (HDZ) 50.7%, Ivo JOSIPOVIC (Forward Croatia Progressive Alliance) 49.3%

Flag (Flag description) [time series]

three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and blue - the Pan-Slav colors - superimposed by the Croatian coat of arms; the coat of arms consists of one main shield (a checkerboard of 13 red and 12 silver (white) fields) surmounted by five smaller shields that form a crown over the main shield; the five small shields represent five historic regions (from left to right): Croatia, Dubrovnik, Dalmatia, Istria, and Slavonia | note: the Pan-Slav colors were inspired by the 19th-century flag of Russia

Government type [time series]

parliamentary republic

Independence [time series]

25 June 1991 (from Yugoslavia)

International law organization participation [time series]

has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

International organization participation [time series]

Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CD, CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EMU, EU, FAO, G-11, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, NAM (observer), NATO, NSG, OAS (observer), OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, SELEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNMIL, UNMOGIP, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC

Judicial branch [time series]

highest court(s): Supreme Court (consists of the court president and vice president, 25 civil department justices, and 16 criminal department justices) | judge selection and term of office: president of Supreme Court nominated by president of Croatia and elected by Croatian Sabor for a 4-year term; other Supreme Court justices appointed by National Judicial Council; all judges serve until age 70 | subordinate courts: Administrative Court; county, municipal, and specialized courts; note - there is an 11-member Constitutional Court with jurisdiction limited to constitutional issues but is outside Croatia's judicial system

Legal system [time series]

civil law system influenced by legal heritage of Austria-Hungary; note - Croatian law was fully harmonized with the European Community acquis as of the June 2010 completion of EU accession negotiations

Legislative branch [time series]

description: unicameral Assembly or Hrvatski Sabor (151 seats; members directly elected by party-list proportional representation vote using the D'Hondt method with a 5% threshold: 14 seats in each of 10 districts; 8 seats in a single nationwide district for minorities; 3 seats in a single special district for the Croatian diaspora, members elected for 4-year terms) | elections: last held on 11 September 2016 (next to be held in September 2020) - Assembly voted on 20 June 2016 to dissolve on 15 July 2016, resulting in snap elections | election results: percent of vote by party/coalition - NA; number of seats by party/coalition - HDZ coalition 61, People's Coalition 54, Most-NL 13, Only Option 8, minorities 8 (includes SDSS 3), other 7

National anthem(s) (National anthem) [time series]

name: "Lijepa nasa domovino" (Our Beautiful Homeland) | lyrics/music: Antun MIHANOVIC/Josip RUNJANIN | note: adopted 1972; "Lijepa nasa domovino," whose lyrics were written in 1835, served as an unofficial anthem beginning in 1891

National holiday [time series]

Independence Day, 8 October (1991) and Statehood Day, 25 June (1991); note - 25 June 1991 was the day the Croatian parliament voted for independence; following a three-month moratorium to allow the European Community to solve the Yugoslav crisis peacefully, parliament adopted a decision on 8 October 1991 to sever constitutional relations with Yugoslavia

National symbol(s) [time series]

red-white checkerboard; national colors: red, white, blue

Political parties (Political parties and leaders) [time series]

Bloc of Pensioners Together or BUZ [Milivoj SPIKA] | Bridge of Independent Lists or Most-NL [Bozo PETROV] | Croatian Christian Democratic Party or HDS [Goran DODIG] | Croatian Democratic Congress of Slavonia and Baranja or HDSSB [Dragan VULIN] | Croatian Democratic Union or HDZ [Andrej PLENKOVIC] | Croatian Laborists - Labor Party or HL [Tomislav KONCEVSKI] | Croatian Party of Rights - dr. Ante Starcevic or HSP AS [Ivan TEPES] | Croatian Peasant Party or HSS [Kreso BELJAK] | Croatian Pensioner Party or HSU [Silvano HRELJA] | Croatian People's Party - Liberal Democrats or HNS [Ivan VRDOLJAK] | Croatian Social Liberal Party or HSLS [Darinko KOSOR] | Forward Croatia Progressive Alliance [Ivo JOSIPOVIC] | HDZ Coalition [Andrej PLENKOVIC] (includes HDZ, HSLS, HDS) | Human Blockade [Ivan SINCIC] | Independent Democratic Serb Party or SDSS [Vojislav STANIMIROVIC] | Independent List of Stipe Petrina or NLSP [Stipe PETRINA] | Istrian Democratic Assembly or IDS [Boris MILETIC] | Istrian Democrats [Damir KAJIN] | Let's Change Croatia or PH [Ivan LOVRINOVIC] | Milan Bandic 365 - Party of Labor and Solidarity or BM365-SRS [Milan BANDIC] | Movement for Successful Croatia or HRAST [Ladislav ILCIC] | People's Coalition [Zoran MILANOVIC] (includes SDP, HNS, HSU, HSS] | People's Party - Reformists Party [Radimir CACIC] | Social Democratic Party of Croatia or SDP [Zoran MILANOVIC] | The Only Option Coalition (includes Human Blockade, PH, Always Frankers, Youth Action, Alphabet of Democracy)

Political parties (Political pressure groups and leaders) [time series]

other: human rights groups

Suffrage [time series]

18 years of age, 16 if employed; universal

Introduction

Background [time series]

The lands that today comprise Croatia were part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire until the close of World War I. In 1918, the Croats, Serbs, and Slovenes formed a kingdom known after 1929 as Yugoslavia. Following World War II, Yugoslavia became a federal independent communist state under the strong hand of Marshal TITO. Although Croatia declared its independence from Yugoslavia in 1991, it took four years of sporadic, but often bitter, fighting before occupying Serb armies were mostly cleared from Croatian lands, along with a majority of Croatia's ethnic Serb population. Under UN supervision, the last Serb-held enclave in eastern Slavonia was returned to Croatia in 1998. The country joined NATO in April 2009 and the EU in July 2013.

Military and Security

Military and security forces (Military branches) [time series]

Armed Forces of the Republic of Croatia (Oruzane Snage Republike Hrvatske, OSRH) consists of five major commands directly subordinate to a General Staff: Ground Forces (Hrvatska Kopnena Vojska, HKoV), Naval Forces (Hrvatska Ratna Mornarica, HRM; includes coast guard), Air Force and Air Defense Command (Hrvatsko Ratno Zrakoplovstvo I Protuzracna Obrana), Joint Education and Training Command, Logistics Command; Military Police Force supports each of the three Croatian military forces (2012)

Military expenditures [time series]

Military service age and obligation [time series]

18-27 years of age for voluntary military service; 6-month service obligation (2012)

People and Society

Age structure [time series]

0-14 years: 14.22% (male 315,971/female 297,339) | 15-24 years: 11.4% (male 252,285/female 239,634) | 25-54 years: 40.75% (male 878,971/female 878,707) | 55-64 years: 14.83% (male 312,621/female 326,929) | 65 years and over: 18.81% (male 320,418/female 490,832) (2016 est.)

Birth rate [time series]

9 births/1,000 population (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 210

Death rate [time series]

12.1 deaths/1,000 population (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 24

Dependency ratios [time series]

total dependency ratio: 51.1% | youth dependency ratio: 22.5% | elderly dependency ratio: 28.6% | potential support ratio: 3.5% (2015 est.)

Drinking water source [time series]

Education expenditure (Education expenditures) [time series]

4.2% of GDP (2011) | country comparison to the world: 99

Ethnic groups [time series]

Croat 90.4%, Serb 4.4%, other 4.4% (including Bosniak, Hungarian, Slovene, Czech, and Roma), unspecified 0.8% (2011 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate [time series]

HIV/AIDS - deaths [time series]

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS [time series]

Health expenditure (Health expenditures) [time series]

7.8% of GDP (2014) | country comparison to the world: 84

Hospital bed density [time series]

5.9 beds/1,000 population (2014)

Infant mortality rate [time series]

total: 9.5 deaths/1,000 live births | male: 9.2 deaths/1,000 live births | female: 9.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 141

Languages [time series]

Croatian (official) 95.6%, Serbian 1.2%, other 3% (including Hungarian, Czech, Slovak, and Albanian), unspecified 0.2% (2011 est.)

Life expectancy at birth [time series]

total population: 75.9 years | male: 72.7 years | female: 79.2 years (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 94

Literacy [time series]

definition: age 15 and over can read and write | total population: 99.3% | male: 99.7% | female: 98.9% (2015 est.)

Major infectious diseases [time series]

degree of risk: intermediate | vectorborne diseases: tickborne encephalitis (2016)

Major urban areas - population [time series]

ZAGREB (capital) 687,000 (2015)

Maternal mortality ratio (Maternal mortality rate) [time series]

8 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 142

Median age [time series]

total: 42.7 years | male: 40.8 years | female: 44.8 years (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 20

Mother's mean age at first birth [time series]

28 (2013 est.)

Nationality [time series]

noun: Croat(s), Croatian(s) | adjective: Croatian

Net migration rate [time series]

-1.9 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 159

Obesity - adult prevalence rate [time series]

25.6% (2014) | country comparison to the world: 66

Physician density (Physicians density) [time series]

2.84 physicians/1,000 population (2011)

Population [time series]

4,313,707 (July 2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 127

Population distribution [time series]

more of the population lives in the northern half of the country, with approximately a quarter of the populace residing in and around the capital of Zagreb; many of the islands are sparsely populated

Population growth rate [time series]

-0.5% (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 226

Religions [time series]

Roman Catholic 86.3%, Orthodox 4.4%, Muslim 1.5%, other 1.5%, unspecified 2.5%, not religious or atheist 3.8% (2011 est.)

Sanitation facility access [time series]

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) [time series]

total: 15 years | male: 15 years | female: 16 years (2014)

Sex ratio [time series]

Total fertility rate [time series]

1.39 children born/woman (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 213

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) (Unemployment, youth ages 15-24) [time series]

total: 45.5% | male: 44.9% | female: 46.4% (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 9

Urbanization [time series]

urban population: 59% of total population (2015) | rate of urbanization: 0.11% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

Transnational Issues

Disputes - international [time series]

dispute remains with Bosnia and Herzegovina over several small sections of the boundary related to maritime access that hinders ratification of the 1999 border agreement; since the breakup of Yugoslavia in the early 1990s, Croatia and Slovenia have each claimed sovereignty over Pirin Bay and four villages, and Slovenia has objected to Croatia's claim of an exclusive economic zone in the Adriatic Sea; in 2009, however Croatia and Slovenia signed a binding international arbitration agreement to define their disputed land and maritime borders, which led to Slovenia lifting its objections to Croatia joining the EU; Slovenia continues to impose a hard border Schengen regime with Croatia, which joined the EU in 2013 but has not yet fulfilled Schengen requirements

Illicit drugs [time series]

transit point along the Balkan route for Southwest Asian heroin to Western Europe; has been used as a transit point for maritime shipments of South American cocaine bound for Western Europe (2008)

Refugees and internally displaced persons [time series]

stateless persons: 2,873 (2015) | note: 658,036 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (2015 - March 2016)

Transportation

Airports [time series]

69 (2013) | country comparison to the world: 72

Airports - with paved runways [time series]

total: 24 | over 3,047 m: 2 | 2,438 to 3,047 m: 6 | 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 | 914 to 1,523 m: 3 | under 914 m: 10 (2013)

Airports - with unpaved runways [time series]

total: 45 | 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 | 914 to 1,523 m: 6 | under 914 m: 38 (2013)

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix [time series]

9A (2016)

Heliports [time series]

1 (2013)

Merchant marine [time series]

total: 77 | by type: bulk carrier 24, cargo 7, chemical tanker 8, passenger/cargo 27, petroleum tanker 10, refrigerated cargo 1 | foreign-owned: 2 (Norway 2) | registered in other countries: 31 (Bahamas 1, Belize 1, Liberia 1, Malta 6, Marshall Islands 12, Panama 2, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 8) (2010) | country comparison to the world: 57

National air transport system [time series]

number of registered air carriers: 3 | inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 46 | annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 1,782,666 | annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 775,320 mt-km (2015)

Pipelines [time series]

gas 2,410 km; oil 610 km (2011)

Ports (Ports and terminals) [time series]

major seaport(s): Ploce, Rijeka, Sibernik, Split | river port(s): Vukovar (Danube) | oil terminal(s): Omisalj

Railways [time series]

total: 2,722 km | standard gauge: 2,722 km 1.435-m gauge (985 km electrified) (2014) | country comparison to the world: 61

Roadways [time series]

total: 26,958 km (includes 1,416 km of expressways) (2015) | country comparison to the world: 97

Waterways [time series]

785 km (2009) | country comparison to the world: 73