ARCHIVE // HR // 2015

Croatia

2015 Edition — sovereign

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Communications
Broadcast media [time series]
the national state-owned public broadcaster, Croatian Radiotelevision, operates 4 terrestrial TV networks, a satellite channel that rebroadcasts programs for Croatians living abroad, and 6 regional TV centers; 2 private broadcasters operate national terrestrial networks; roughly 25 privately owned regional TV stations; multi-channel cable and satellite TV subscription services are available; state-owned public broadcaster operates 3 national radio networks and 9 regional radio stations; 2 privately owned national radio networks and more than 170 regional, county, city, and community radio stations (2012)
Internet country code [time series]
.hr
Internet users [time series]
total: 2.9 million | percent of population: 65.1% (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 86
Broadcast media (Radio broadcast stations) [time series]
AM 16, FM 98, shortwave 5 (1999)
Telecommunication systems (Telephone system) [time series]
general assessment: the telecommunications network has improved steadily since the mid-1990s, covering much of what were once inaccessible areas; local lines are digital | domestic: fixed-line teledensity holding steady at about 40 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions exceed the population | international: country code - 385; digital international service is provided through the main switch in Zagreb; Croatia participates in the Trans-Asia-Europe (TEL) fiber-optic project, which consists of 2 fiber-optic trunk connections with Slovenia and a fiber-optic trunk line from Rijeka to Split and Dubrovnik; the ADRIA-1 submarine cable provides connectivity to Albania and Greece (2011)
Telephones - fixed lines [time series]
total subscriptions: 1.57 million | subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 35 (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 66
Telephones - mobile cellular [time series]
total: 4.5 million | subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 100 (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 123
Broadcast media (Television broadcast stations) [time series]
36 (plus 321 repeaters) (1995)
Economy
Agricultural products (Agriculture - products) [time series]
arable crops (wheat, corn, barley, sugar beet, sunflower, rapeseed, alfalfa, clover); vegetables (potatoes, cabbage, onion, tomato, pepper); fruits (apples, plum, mandarins, olives), grapes for wine; livestock (cattle, cows, pigs); dairy products
Budget [time series]
revenues: $19.85 billion | expenditures: $22.3 billion (2014 est.)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) [time series]
-4.3% of GDP (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 162
Central bank discount rate [time series]
7% (31 December 2013) | 7% (31 December 2012) | country comparison to the world: 44
Commercial bank prime lending rate [time series]
5.56% (31 December 2014 est.) | 6.24% (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 110
Current account balance [time series]
$1.164 billion (2014 est.) | $475.9 million (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 51
Debt - external [time series]
$62.09 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $61.04 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 56
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income (Distribution of family income - Gini index) [time series]
32 (2010) | 29 (1998) | country comparison to the world: 109
Economic overview (Economy - overview) [time series]
Though still one of the wealthiest of the former Yugoslav republics, Croatia's economy suffered badly during the 1991-95 war. The country's output during that time collapsed, and Croatia missed the early waves of investment in Central and Eastern Europe that followed the fall of the Berlin Wall. Between 2000 and 2007, however, Croatia's economic fortunes began to improve with moderate but steady GDP growth between 4% and 6% led by a rebound in tourism and credit-driven consumer spending. Inflation over the same period remained tame and the currency, the kuna, stable. Croatia experienced an abrupt slowdown in the economy in 2008 and has yet to recover; economic growth was stagnant or negative in each year since 2009. Difficult problems still remain, including a stubbornly high unemployment rate, uneven regional development, and a challenging investment climate. Croatia continues to face reduced foreign investment. On 1 July 2013 Croatia joined the EU, following a decade-long application process. Croatia will be a member of the European Exchange Rate Mechanism until it meets the criteria for joining the Economic and Monetary Union and adopts the euro as its currency. EU accession has increased pressure on the government to reduce Croatia’s relatively high public debt, which triggered the EU’s excessive deficit procedure for fiscal consolidation. Zagreb has cut spending since 2012, and the government also raised additional revenues through more stringent tax collection and by raising the Value Added Tax. The government has also sought to accelerate privatization of non-strategic assets, with mixed success.
Exchange rates [time series]
kuna (HRK) per US dollar - | 5.7493 (2014 est.) | 5.7058 (2013 est.) | 5.85 (2012 est.) | 5.3439 (2011 est.) | 5.498 (2010 est.)
Exports [time series]
$13.75 billion (2014 est.) | $12.75 billion (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 83
Exports - commodities [time series]
transport equipment, machinery, textiles, chemicals, foodstuffs, fuels
Exports - partners [time series]
Italy 13.7%, Bosnia and Herzegovina 12%, Slovenia 11.2%, Germany 11.1%, Austria 6%, Serbia 5% (2014)
Fiscal year [time series]
calendar year
GDP (official exchange rate) [time series]
$57.16 billion (2014 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) (GDP (purchasing power parity)) [time series]
$88.49 billion (2014 est.) | $88.84 billion (2013 est.) | $89.68 billion (2012 est.) | note: data are in 2014 US dollars | country comparison to the world: 86
GDP - composition, by end use [time series]
household consumption: 60.2% | government consumption: 19.6% | investment in fixed capital: 18.2% | investment in inventories: 0% | exports of goods and services: 46.5% | imports of goods and services: -44.4% | (2014 est.)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin [time series]
agriculture: 4.5% | industry: 26.6% | services: 68.9% (2014 est.)
Real GDP per capita (GDP - per capita (PPP)) [time series]
$20,900 (2014 est.) | $21,000 (2013 est.) | $21,200 (2012 est.) | note: data are in 2014 US dollars | country comparison to the world: 81
Real GDP growth rate (GDP - real growth rate) [time series]
-0.4% (2014 est.) | -0.9% (2013 est.) | -2.2% (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 208
Gross national saving [time series]
18.5% of GDP (2014 est.) | 19.6% of GDP (2013 est.) | 19.1% of GDP (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 67
Household income or consumption by percentage share [time series]
lowest 10%: 3.3% | highest 10%: 27.5% (2008 est.)
Imports [time series]
$22.72 billion (2014 est.) | $21.97 billion (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 76
Imports - commodities [time series]
machinery, transport and electrical equipment; chemicals, fuels and lubricants; foodstuffs
Imports - partners [time series]
Germany 15.1%, Italy 14.1%, Slovenia 10.7%, Austria 8.6%, Hungary 6.5%, Russia 5% (2014)
Industrial production growth rate [time series]
1.2% (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 164
Industries [time series]
chemicals and plastics, machine tools, fabricated metal, electronics, pig iron and rolled steel products, aluminum, paper, wood products, construction materials, textiles, shipbuilding, petroleum and petroleum refining, food and beverages, tourism
Inflation rate (consumer prices) [time series]
-0.2% (2014 est.) | 2.2% (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 22
Labor force [time series]
1.725 million (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 126
Labor force - by occupation [time series]
agriculture: 1.9% | industry: 27.6% | services: 70.4% (2014)
Market value of publicly traded shares [time series]
$36.29 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $33.75 billion (31 December 2013 est) | $33.44 billion (31 December 2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 64
Population below poverty line [time series]
19.5% (2014 est.)
Public debt [time series]
78% of GDP (2014 est.) | 67.1% of GDP (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 40
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold [time series]
$16.87 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $16.09 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 62
Stock of broad money [time series]
$49.38 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $49.24 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 71
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad [time series]
$6.131 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $5.531 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 64
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home [time series]
$3.506 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $32.45 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 60
Stock of domestic credit [time series]
$44.45 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $49.24 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 61
Stock of narrow money [time series]
$10.75 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $10.88 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 78
Taxes and other revenues [time series]
34.7% of GDP (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 44
Unemployment rate [time series]
19.7% (2014 est.) | 20.2% (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 164
Energy
Carbon dioxide emissions (Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy) [time series]
5.598 million Mt (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 125
Crude oil - exports [time series]
0 bbl/day (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 128
Crude oil - imports [time series]
37,300 bbl/day (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 57
Crude oil - production [time series]
11,070 bbl/day (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 78
Crude oil - proved reserves [time series]
71 million bbl (1 January 2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 77
Electricity - consumption [time series]
16.97 billion kWh (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 76
Electricity - exports [time series]
2.866 billion kWh (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 35
Electricity - from fossil fuels [time series]
37.1% of total installed capacity (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 156
Electricity - from hydroelectric plants [time series]
48.5% of total installed capacity (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 48
Electricity - from nuclear fuels [time series]
7.7% of total installed capacity (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 107
Electricity - from other renewable sources [time series]
6.6% of total installed capacity (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 61
Electricity - imports [time series]
6.592 billion kWh (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 36
Electricity - installed generating capacity [time series]
4.206 million kW (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 80
Electricity - production [time series]
13.38 billion kWh (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 86
Natural gas - consumption [time series]
2.81 billion cu m (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 73
Natural gas - exports [time series]
422 million cu m (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 42
Natural gas - imports [time series]
1.079 billion cu m (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 58
Natural gas - production [time series]
1.805 billion cu m (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 57
Natural gas - proved reserves [time series]
24.92 billion cu m (1 January 2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 72
Refined petroleum products - consumption [time series]
52,550 bbl/day (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 83
Refined petroleum products - exports [time series]
29,060 bbl/day (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 68
Refined petroleum products - imports [time series]
32,890 bbl/day (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 95
Refined petroleum products - production [time series]
56,650 bbl/day (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 79
Geography
Area [time series]
total: 56,594 sq km | land: 55,974 sq km | water: 620 sq km | country comparison to the world: 127
Area - comparative [time series]
slightly smaller than West Virginia
Climate [time series]
Mediterranean and continental; continental climate predominant with hot summers and cold winters; mild winters, dry summers along coast
Coastline [time series]
5,835 km (mainland 1,777 km, islands 4,058 km)
Elevation (Elevation extremes) [time series]
lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m | highest point: Dinara 1,831 m
Environment - current issues [time series]
air pollution (from metallurgical plants) and resulting acid rain is damaging the forests; coastal pollution from industrial and domestic waste; landmine removal and reconstruction of infrastructure consequent to 1992-95 civil strife
International environmental agreements (Environment - international agreements) [time series]
party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling | signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geographic coordinates [time series]
45 10 N, 15 30 E
Geography - note [time series]
controls most land routes from Western Europe to Aegean Sea and Turkish Straits; most Adriatic Sea islands lie off the coast of Croatia - some 1,200 islands, islets, ridges, and rocks
Irrigated land [time series]
36.27 sq km (2010)
Land boundaries [time series]
total: 2,237 km | border countries (5): Bosnia and Herzegovina 956 km, Hungary 348 km, Montenegro 19 km, Serbia 314 km, Slovenia 600 km
Land use [time series]
agricultural land: 23.7% | arable land 16%; permanent crops 1.5%; permanent pasture 6.2% | forest: 34.4% | other: 41.9% (2011 est.)
Location [time series]
Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea, between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Slovenia
Map references [time series]
Europe
Maritime claims [time series]
territorial sea: 12 nm | continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
Natural hazards [time series]
destructive earthquakes
Natural resources [time series]
oil, some coal, bauxite, low-grade iron ore, calcium, gypsum, natural asphalt, silica, mica, clays, salt, hydropower
Terrain [time series]
geographically diverse; flat plains along Hungarian border, low mountains and highlands near Adriatic coastline and islands
Total renewable water resources [time series]
105.5 cu km (2011)
Government
Administrative divisions [time series]
20 counties (zupanije, zupanija - singular) and 1 city* (grad - singular) with special county status; Bjelovarsko-Bilogorska(Bjelovar-Bilogora), Brodsko-Posavska (Brod-Posavina), Dubrovacko-Neretvanska (Dubrovnik-Neretva), Istarska (Istria), Karlovacka (Karlovac), Koprivnicko-Krizevacka (Koprivinica-Krizevci), Krapinsko-Zagorska (Krapina-Zagorje), Licko-Senjska (Lika-Senj), Medimurska (Medimurje), Osjecko-Baranjska (Osijek-Baranja), Pozesko-Slavonska (Pozega-Slavonia), Primorsko-Goranska (Primorje-Gorski Kotar), Sibensko-Kninska (Sibenik-Knin), Sisacko-Moslavacka (Sislak-Moslavina), Splitsko-Dalmatinska (Split-Dalmatia), Varazdinska (Varazdin), Viroviticko-Podravska (Virovitica-Podravina), Vukovarsko-Srijemska (Vukovar-Syrmia), Zadarska (Zadar), Zagreb*, Zagrebacka (Zagreb county)
Capital [time series]
name: Zagreb | geographic coordinates: 45 48 N, 16 00 E | time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) | daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Constitution [time series]
several previous; latest adopted 22 December 1990; amended several times, last in December 2013 by referendum
Country name [time series]
conventional long form: Republic of Croatia | conventional short form: Croatia | local long form: Republika Hrvatska | local short form: Hrvatska | former: People's Republic of Croatia, Socialist Republic of Croatia
Diplomatic representation from the US [time series]
chief of mission: Ambassador Kenneth MERTEN (since 3 October 2012) | embassy: 2 Thomas Jefferson Street, 10010 Zagreb | mailing address: use embassy street address | telephone: [385] (1) 661-2200 | FAX: [385] (1) 661-2373
Diplomatic representation in the US [time series]
chief of mission: Ambassador Josip "Josko" PARO (since 20 April 2012) | chancery: 2343 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 | telephone: [1] (202) 588-5899 | FAX: [1] (202) 588-8936 | consulate(s) general: Chicago, Los Angeles, New York
Executive branch [time series]
chief of state: President Kolinda GRABAR-KITAROVIC (since 19 February 2015) | head of government: Prime Minister Zoran MILANOVIC (since 23 December 2011); First Deputy Prime Minister Vesna PUSIC (since 16 November 2012) | cabinet: Council of Ministers named by the prime minister and approved by the Assembly | elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 10 January 2010 (next to be held in December 2014); the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the president and approved by the Assembly | election results: Kolinda GRABAR-KITAROVIC elected president; percent of vote in the second round - Kolinda GRABAR-KITAROVIC (HDZ) 50.7%, Ivo JOSIPOVIC 49.3%
Flag (Flag description) [time series]
three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and blue - the Pan-Slav colors - superimposed by the Croatian coat of arms; the coat of arms consists of one main shield (a checkerboard of 13 red and 12 silver (white) fields) surmounted by five smaller shields that form a crown over the main shield; the five small shields represent five historic regions, they are (from left to right): Croatia, Dubrovnik, Dalmatia, Istria, and Slavonia | note: the Pan-Slav colors were inspired by the 19th-century flag of Russia
Government type [time series]
parliamentary democracy
Independence [time series]
25 June 1991 (from Yugoslavia)
International law organization participation [time series]
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
International organization participation [time series]
Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CD, CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EMU, EU, FAO, G-11, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, NAM (observer), NATO, NSG, OAS (observer), OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, SELEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNMIL, UNMOGIP, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
Judicial branch [time series]
highest court(s): Supreme Court (consists of the court president and vice president, 25 civil department justices, and 16 criminal department justices) | judge selection and term of office: president of Supreme Court nominated by president of Croatia and elected by Croatian Sabor for a 4-year term; other Supreme Court justices appointed by National Judicial Council; all judges serve until age 70 | subordinate courts: Administrative Court; county, municipal, and specialized courts; note - there is an 11-member Constitutional Court with jurisdiction limited to constitutional issues but is outside Croatia's judicial system
Legal system [time series]
civil law system influenced by legal heritage of Austria-Hungary; note - Croatian law was fully harmonized with the European Community acquis as of the June 2010 completion of EU accession negotiations
Legislative branch [time series]
description: unicameral Assembly or Hrvatski Sabor (151 seats; members directly elected by party-list proportional representation vote using the D'Hondt method with a 5% threshold: 14 seats in each of 10 districts; 8 seats in a single nationwide district for minorities; 3 seats in a single special district for the Croatian diaspora, members elected for 4-year terms) | elections: last held on 4 December 2011 (next to be held in late 2015) | election results: percent of vote by party/coalition - Kukuriku 40.0%, HDZ-led Coalition 23.8%, Croatian Laborists-Labor Party 5.1%, HSS 3.0%, HDSSB 2.9%, Independent list of Ivan Grubisic 2.8%, HCSP-HSP AS 2.8%, other 19.6%; number of seats by party/coalition - Kukuriku 80 (SDP 61, HNS 13, IDS 3, HSU 3), HDZ-led coalition 47 (HDZ 44, HGS 2, DC 1), Croatian Laborists-Labor Party 6, HDSSB 6, SDSS 3, Independent list of Ivan Grubisic 2, HSS 1, HCSP-HSP AS 1, other 5 | note: seats by party as of 3 April 2015 - SDP 56, HDZ 41, HNS 11, HDSSB 7, HSU 4, Croatian Laborists - Labor Party 3, Reformists 3, SDSS 3, HGS 2, IDS 2, BDSH 1, DC 1, HSS 1, HSP AS 1, ORaH 1, New Wave 1, independents 13
National anthem(s) (National anthem) [time series]
name: "Lijepa nasa domovino" (Our Beautiful Homeland) | lyrics/music: Antun MIHANOVIC/Josip RUNJANIN | note: adopted 1972; "Lijepa nasa domovino," whose lyrics were written in 1835, served as an unofficial anthem beginning in 1891
National holiday [time series]
Independence Day, 8 October (1991) and Statehood Day, 25 June (1991); note - 25 June 1991 was the day the Croatian parliament voted for independence; following a three-month moratorium to allow the European Community to solve the Yugoslav crisis peacefully, parliament adopted a decision on 8 October 1991 to sever constitutional relations with Yugoslavia
National symbol(s) [time series]
red-white checkerboard; national colors: red, white, blue
Political parties (Political parties and leaders) [time series]
Bosniak Democratic Party of Croatia or BDSH [Medzad HODZIC] | Croatian Civic Party or HGS [Zeljko KERUM] | Croatian Democratic Congress of Slavonia and Baranja or HDSSB [Dragan VULIN] | Croatian Democratic Union or HDZ [Tomislav KARAMARKO] | Croatian Laborists - Labor Party [Nansi TIRELI] | Croatian Party of Rights - dr. Ante Starcevic or HSP AS [Ivan TEPES] | Croatian Peasant Party or HSS [Branko HRG] | Croatian Pensioner Party or HSU [Silvano HRELJA] | Croatian People's Party - Liberal Democrats or HNS [Vesna PUSIC] | Croatian Pure Party of Rights or HCSP [Josip MILJIC] | Democratic Centre or DC [Vesna SKARE-OZBOLT] | HDZ-led Coalition [Tomislav KARAMARKO] (includes HDZ, HGS, and DC) | Independent Democratic Serb Party or SDSS [Vojislav STANIMIROVIC] | Independent List of Ivan Grubisic [Ivan GRUBISIC] | Istrian Democratic Assembly or IDS [Boris MILETIC] | Kukuriku Coalition [Zoran MILANOVIC] (includes SDP, HNS, IDS, and HSU) | New Wave [Liubo JURCIC] | Reformists Party [Radimir CACIC] | Social Democratic Party of Croatia or SDP [Zoran MILANOVIC] | Sustainable Development for Croatia or ORaH [Mirela HOLY]
Political parties (Political pressure groups and leaders) [time series]
other: human rights groups
Suffrage [time series]
18 years of age, 16 if employed; universal
Introduction
Background [time series]
The lands that today comprise Croatia were part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire until the close of World War I. In 1918, the Croats, Serbs, and Slovenes formed a kingdom known after 1929 as Yugoslavia. Following World War II, Yugoslavia became a federal independent communist state under the strong hand of Marshal TITO. Although Croatia declared its independence from Yugoslavia in 1991, it took four years of sporadic, but often bitter, fighting before occupying Serb armies were mostly cleared from Croatian lands, along with a majority of Croatia's ethnic Serb population. Under UN supervision, the last Serb-held enclave in eastern Slavonia was returned to Croatia in 1998. The country joined NATO in April 2009 and the EU in July 2013.
Military
Manpower available for military service [time series]
males age 16-49: 1,016,234 | females age 16-49: 1,017,355 (2010 est.)
Manpower fit for military service [time series]
males age 16-49: 770,710 | females age 16-49: 839,732 (2010 est.)
Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually [time series]
male: 28,334 | female: 27,015 (2010 est.)
Military and security forces (Military branches) [time series]
Armed Forces of the Republic of Croatia (Oruzane Snage Republike Hrvatske, OSRH) consists of five major commands directly subordinate to a General Staff: Ground Forces (Hrvatska Kopnena Vojska, HKoV), Naval Forces (Hrvatska Ratna Mornarica, HRM; includes coast guard), Air Force and Air Defense Command (Hrvatsko Ratno Zrakoplovstvo I Protuzracna Obrana), Joint Education and Training Command, Logistics Command; Military Police Force supports each of the three Croatian military forces (2012)
Military expenditures [time series]
1.7% of GDP (2012) | 1.77% of GDP (2011) | 1.7% of GDP (2010) | country comparison to the world: 51
Military service age and obligation [time series]
18-27 years of age for voluntary military service; 6-month service obligation (2012)
People and Society
Age structure [time series]
0-14 years: 14.42% (male 330,355/female 313,312) | 15-24 years: 11.92% (male 272,249/female 259,935) | 25-54 years: 40.88% (male 903,896/female 921,337) | 55-64 years: 14.55% (male 314,697/female 335,007) | 65 years and over: 18.23% (male 331,889/female 482,167) (2015 est.)
Birth rate [time series]
9.45 births/1,000 population (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 203
Death rate [time series]
12.18 deaths/1,000 population (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 25
Dependency ratios [time series]
total dependency ratio: 51.1% | youth dependency ratio: 22.5% | elderly dependency ratio: 28.6% | potential support ratio: 3.5% (2015 est.)
Drinking water source [time series]
urban: 99.6% of population | rural: 99.7% of population | total: 99.6% of population | urban: 0.4% of population | rural: 0.3% of population | total: 0.4% of population (2015 est.)
Education expenditure (Education expenditures) [time series]
4.2% of GDP (2011) | country comparison to the world: 99
Ethnic groups [time series]
Croat 90.4%, Serb 4.4%, other 4.4% (including Bosniak, Hungarian, Slovene, Czech, and Roma), unspecified 0.8% (2011 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate [time series]
NA
HIV/AIDS - deaths [time series]
NA
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS [time series]
NA
Health expenditure (Health expenditures) [time series]
7.3% of GDP (2013) | country comparison to the world: 84
Hospital bed density [time series]
5.9 beds/1,000 population (2012)
Infant mortality rate [time series]
total: 5.77 deaths/1,000 live births | male: 5.91 deaths/1,000 live births | female: 5.62 deaths/1,000 live births (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 168
Languages [time series]
Croatian (official) 95.6%, Serbian 1.2%, other 3% (including Hungarian, Czech, Slovak, and Albanian), unspecified 0.2% (2011 est.)
Life expectancy at birth [time series]
total population: 76.61 years | male: 73.02 years | female: 80.4 years (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 80
Literacy [time series]
definition: age 15 and over can read and write | total population: 99.3% | male: 99.7% | female: 98.9% (2015 est.)
Major infectious diseases [time series]
degree of risk: intermediate | vectorborne diseases: tickborne encephalitis | note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2013)
Major urban areas - population [time series]
ZAGREB (capital) 687,000 (2015)
Median age [time series]
total: 42.63 years | male: 40.5 years | female: 44.1 years (2015 est.)
Nationality [time series]
noun: Croat(s), Croatian(s) | adjective: Croatian
Net migration rate [time series]
1.39 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 57
Obesity - adult prevalence rate [time series]
25.6% (2014) | country comparison to the world: 66
Physician density (Physicians density) [time series]
2.84 physicians/1,000 population (2011)
Population [time series]
4,464,844 (July 2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 126
Population growth rate [time series]
-0.13% (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 209
Religions [time series]
Roman Catholic 86.3%, Orthodox 4.4%, Muslim 1.5%, other 1.5%, unspecified 2.5%, not religious or atheist 3.8% (2011 est.)
Sanitation facility access [time series]
urban: 97.8% of population | rural: 95.8% of population | total: 97% of population | urban: 2.2% of population | rural: 4.2% of population | total: 3% of population (2015 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) [time series]
total: 15 years | male: 14 years | female: 15 years (2012)
Sex ratio [time series]
at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female | 0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female | 15-24 years: 1.05 male(s)/female | 25-54 years: 0.98 male(s)/female | 55-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female | 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female | total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2015 est.)
Total fertility rate [time series]
1.46 children born/woman (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 201
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) (Unemployment, youth ages 15-24) [time series]
total: 43.1% | male: 42.3% | female: 44.3% (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 9
Urbanization [time series]
urban population: 59% of total population (2015) | rate of urbanization: 0.11% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
Transnational Issues
Disputes - international [time series]
dispute remains with Bosnia and Herzegovina over several small sections of the boundary related to maritime access that hinders ratification of the 1999 border agreement; since the breakup of Yugoslavia in the early 1990s, Croatia and Slovenia have each claimed sovereignty over Pirin Bay and four villages, and Slovenia has objected to Croatia's claim of an exclusive economic zone in the Adriatic Sea; in 2009, however Croatia and Slovenia signed a binding international arbitration agreement to define their disputed land and maritime borders, which led to Slovenia lifting its objections to Croatia joining the EU; Slovenia continues to impose a hard border Schengen regime with Croatia, which joined the EU in 2013 but has not yet fulfilled Schengen requirements
Illicit drugs [time series]
transit point along the Balkan route for Southwest Asian heroin to Western Europe; has been used as a transit point for maritime shipments of South American cocaine bound for Western Europe (2008)
Refugees and internally displaced persons [time series]
stateless persons: 2,886 (2014)
Transportation
Airports [time series]
69 (2013) | country comparison to the world: 72
Airports - with paved runways [time series]
total: 24 | over 3,047 m: 2 | 2,438 to 3,047 m: 6 | 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 | 914 to 1,523 m: 3 | under 914 m: 10 (2013)
Airports - with unpaved runways [time series]
total: 45 | 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 | 914 to 1,523 m: 6 | 38 (2013)
Heliports [time series]
1 (2013)
Merchant marine [time series]
total: 77 | by type: bulk carrier 24, cargo 7, chemical tanker 8, passenger/cargo 27, petroleum tanker 10, refrigerated cargo 1 | foreign-owned: 2 (Norway 2) | registered in other countries: 31 (Bahamas 1, Belize 1, Liberia 1, Malta 6, Marshall Islands 12, Panama 2, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 8) (2010) | country comparison to the world: 57
Pipelines [time series]
gas 2,410 km; oil 610 km (2011)
Ports (Ports and terminals) [time series]
major seaport(s): Ploce, Rijeka, Sibernik, Split | river port(s): Vukovar (Danube) | oil terminal(s): Omisalj
Railways [time series]
total: 2,722 km | standard gauge: 2,722 km 1.435-m gauge (985 km electrified) (2014) | country comparison to the world: 62
Roadways [time series]
total: 26,958 km (includes 1,416 km of expressways) (2015) | country comparison to the world: 97
Waterways [time series]
785 km (2009) | country comparison to the world: 73