ARCHIVE // AO // 2017

Angola

2017 Edition — sovereign

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Communications
Broadcast media [time series]
state controls all broadcast media with nationwide reach; state-owned Televisao Popular de Angola (TPA) provides terrestrial TV service on 2 channels; a third TPA channel is available via cable and satellite; TV subscription services are available; state-owned Radio Nacional de Angola (RNA) broadcasts on 5 stations; about a half-dozen private radio stations broadcast locally (2009)
Internet country code [time series]
.ao
Internet users [time series]
total: 2,622,403 | percent of population: 13.0% (July 2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 81
Telecommunication systems (Telephone system) [time series]
general assessment: limited system; state-owned telecom had monopoly for fixed lines until 2005; demand outstripped capacity, prices were high, and services poor; Telecom Namibia, through an Angolan company, became the first private licensed operator in Angola's fixed-line telephone network; by 2010, the number of fixed-line providers had expanded to five; Angola Telecom established mobile-cellular service in Luanda in 1993 and the network has been extended to larger towns; a privately owned, mobile-cellular service provider began operations in 2001 | domestic: only about one fixed line per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity about 64 telephones per 100 persons in 2016 | international: country code - 244; landing point for the SAT-3/WASC fiber-optic submarine cable that provides connectivity to Europe and Asia; satellite earth stations - 29 (2016)
Telephones - fixed lines [time series]
total subscriptions: 304,493 | subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 2 (July 2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 117
Telephones - mobile cellular [time series]
total: 13,001,124 | subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 64 (July 2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 69
Economy
Agricultural products (Agriculture - products) [time series]
bananas, sugarcane, coffee, sisal, corn, cotton, cassava (manioc, tapioca), tobacco, vegetables, plantains; livestock; forest products; fish
Budget [time series]
revenues: $28.61 billion | expenditures: $34.56 billion (2016 est.)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) [time series]
-6.2% of GDP (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 171
Central bank discount rate [time series]
9% (31 December 2014) | 25% (31 December 2010) | country comparison to the world: 35
Commercial bank prime lending rate [time series]
15.71% (31 December 2016 est.) | 16.88% (31 December 2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 35
Current account balance [time series]
$-4.904 billion (2016 est.) | $-10.27 billion (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 179
Debt - external [time series]
$27.14 billion (31 December 2016 est.) | $27.99 billion (31 December 2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 82
Economic overview (Economy - overview) [time series]
Angola's economy is overwhelmingly driven by its oil sector. Oil production and its supporting activities contribute about 50% of GDP, more than 70% of government revenue, and more than 90% of the country's exports. Diamonds contribute an additional 5% to exports. Subsistence agriculture provides the main livelihood for most of the people, but half of the country's food is still imported. | Increased oil production supported growth averaging more than 17% per year from 2004 to 2008. A postwar reconstruction boom and resettlement of displaced persons has led to high rates of growth in construction and agriculture as well. Some of the country's infrastructure is still damaged or undeveloped from the 27-year-long civil war. However, the government since 2005 has used billions of dollars in credit from China, Brazil, Portugal, Germany, Spain, and the EU to help rebuild Angola's public infrastructure. Land mines left from the war still mar the countryside, and as a result, the national military, international partners, and private Angolan firms all continue to remove them. | The global recession that started in 2008 stalled Angola’s economic growth. In particular, lower prices for oil and diamonds slowed GDP growth to 2.4% in 2009, and many construction projects stopped because Luanda accrued $9 billion in arrears to foreign construction companies when government revenue fell. Angola formally abandoned its currency peg in 2009, and in November 2009 signed onto an IMF Stand-By Arrangement loan of $1.4 billion to rebuild international reserves. Consumer inflation declined from 325% in 2000 to less than 9% in 2014, before rising again in 2015-16. | Falling oil prices, the depreciation of the kwanza, and slower than expected growth in non-oil GDP have reduced growth prospects. Corruption, especially in the extractive sectors, is a major long-term challenge that poses an additional threat to the economy. Government spending in the run-up to the 2017 elections is likely to strain Luanda’s budget.
Exchange rates [time series]
kwanza (AOA) per US dollar - | 172 (2016 est.) | 120.06 (2015 est.) | 120.06 (2014 est.) | 98.3 (2013 est.) | 95.47 (2012 est.)
Exports [time series]
$31.03 billion (2016 est.) | $33.18 billion (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 58
Exports - commodities [time series]
crude oil, diamonds, refined petroleum products, coffee, sisal, fish and fish products, timber, cotton
Exports - partners [time series]
China 53.7%, India 7.6%, US 5.6%, South Africa 5.3%, France 4.4% (2016)
Fiscal year [time series]
calendar year
GDP (official exchange rate) [time series]
$95.34 billion (2016 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) (GDP (purchasing power parity)) [time series]
$186 billion (2016 est.) | $184.9 billion (2015 est.) | $177.5 billion (2014 est.) | note: data are in 2016 dollars | country comparison to the world: 65
GDP - composition, by end use [time series]
household consumption: 76.9% | government consumption: 15.4% | investment in fixed capital: 9.9% | investment in inventories: -2.6% | exports of goods and services: 33% | imports of goods and services: -32.7% (2016 est.)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin [time series]
agriculture: 10.2% | industry: 61.4% | services: 28.4% (2011 est.)
Real GDP per capita (GDP - per capita (PPP)) [time series]
$6,800 (2016 est.) | $7,000 (2015 est.) | $7,000 (2014 est.) | note: data are in 2016 dollars | country comparison to the world: 156
Real GDP growth rate (GDP - real growth rate) [time series]
-0.7% (2016 est.) | 3% (2015 est.) | 4.8% (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 190
Gross national saving [time series]
3.3% of GDP (2016 est.) | -0.4% of GDP (2015 est.) | 12.4% of GDP (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 174
Household income or consumption by percentage share [time series]
lowest 10%: 0.6% | highest 10%: 44.7% (2000)
Imports [time series]
$19.25 billion (2016 est.) | $20.69 billion (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 74
Imports - commodities [time series]
machinery and electrical equipment, vehicles and spare parts; medicines, food, textiles, military goods
Imports - partners [time series]
Portugal 15.9%, US 12.5%, China 12.2%, South Africa 6.8%, Belgium 6.3%, Brazil 5.5%, UK 4.3% (2016)
Industrial production growth rate [time series]
0.5% (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 151
Industries [time series]
petroleum; diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, feldspar, bauxite, uranium, and gold; cement; basic metal products; fish processing; food processing, brewing, tobacco products, sugar; textiles; ship repair
Inflation rate (consumer prices) [time series]
32.4% (2016 est.) | 10.3% (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 222
Labor force [time series]
12.1 million (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 48
Labor force - by occupation [time series]
agriculture: 85% | industry and services: 15% (2003 est.)
Population below poverty line [time series]
40.5% (2006 est.)
Public debt [time series]
77.2% of GDP (2016 est.) | 64.2% of GDP (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 42
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold [time series]
$23.74 billion (31 December 2016 est.) | $23.79 billion (31 December 2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 57
Stock of broad money [time series]
$39.28 billion (31 December 2016 est.) | $42.15 billion (31 December 2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 72
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad [time series]
$23.02 billion (31 December 2016 est.) | $22.4 billion (31 December 2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 51
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home [time series]
$9.16 billion (31 December 2016 est.) | $3.126 billion (31 December 2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 96
Stock of domestic credit [time series]
$14.25 billion (31 December 2016 est.) | $17.18 billion (31 December 2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 95
Stock of narrow money [time series]
$23.17 billion (31 December 2016 est.) | $25.27 billion (31 December 2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 64
Taxes and other revenues [time series]
29.9% of GDP (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 80
Unemployment rate [time series]
NA%
Energy
Carbon dioxide emissions (Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy) [time series]
33 million Mt (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 75
Crude oil - exports [time series]
1.7 million bbl/day (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 8
Crude oil - imports [time series]
0 bbl/day (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 94
Crude oil - production [time series]
1.77 million bbl/day (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 14
Crude oil - proved reserves [time series]
8.273 billion bbl (1 January 2017 es) | country comparison to the world: 17
Electricity - consumption [time series]
8.338 billion kWh (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 100
Electricity - exports [time series]
0 kWh (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 100
Electricity - from fossil fuels [time series]
45.2% of total installed capacity (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 158
Electricity - from hydroelectric plants [time series]
54% of total installed capacity (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 36
Electricity - from nuclear fuels [time series]
0% of total installed capacity (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 41
Electricity - from other renewable sources [time series]
0.9% of total installed capacity (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 144
Electricity - imports [time series]
0 kWh (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 119
Electricity - installed generating capacity [time series]
1.704 million kW (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 118
Electricity - production [time series]
9.438 billion kWh (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 105
Electricity access [time series]
population without electricity: 15,000,000 | electrification - total population: 30% | electrification - urban areas: 46% | electrification - rural areas: 18% (2013)
Natural gas - consumption [time series]
1.094 billion cu m (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 97
Natural gas - exports [time series]
500 million cu m (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 43
Natural gas - imports [time series]
0 cu m (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 85
Natural gas - production [time series]
773 million cu m (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 69
Natural gas - proved reserves [time series]
308.1 billion cu m (1 January 2017 es) | country comparison to the world: 39
Refined petroleum products - consumption [time series]
142,000 bbl/day (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 72
Refined petroleum products - exports [time series]
23,980 bbl/day (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 68
Refined petroleum products - imports [time series]
118,000 bbl/day (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 55
Refined petroleum products - production [time series]
46,680 bbl/day (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 83
Geography
Area [time series]
total: 1,246,700 sq km | land: 1,246,700 sq km | water: 0 sq km | country comparison to the world: 24
Area - comparative [time series]
about eight times the size of Georgia; slightly less than twice the size of Texas
Climate [time series]
semiarid in south and along coast to Luanda; north has cool, dry season (May to October) and hot, rainy season (November to April)
Coastline [time series]
1,600 km
Elevation [time series]
mean elevation: 1,112 m | elevation extremes: lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m | highest point: Moca 2,620 m
Environment - current issues [time series]
overuse of pastures and subsequent soil erosion attributable to population pressures; desertification; deforestation of tropical rain forest, in response to both international demand for tropical timber and to domestic use as fuel, resulting in loss of biodiversity; soil erosion contributing to water pollution and siltation of rivers and dams; inadequate supplies of potable water
International environmental agreements (Environment - international agreements) [time series]
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution | signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geographic coordinates [time series]
12 30 S, 18 30 E
Geography - note [time series]
the province of Cabinda is an exclave, separated from the rest of the country by the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Irrigated land [time series]
860 sq km (2014)
Land boundaries [time series]
total: 5,369 km | border countries (4): Democratic Republic of the Congo 2,646 km (of which 225 km is the boundary of discontiguous Cabinda Province), Republic of the Congo 231 km, Namibia 1,427 km, Zambia 1,065 km
Land use [time series]
agricultural land: 47.5% | arable land 8.3%; permanent crops 0.5%; permanent pasture 91.23% | forest: 46.5% | other: 6% (2014 est.)
Location [time series]
Southern Africa, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between Namibia and Democratic Republic of the Congo
Map references [time series]
Africa
Maritime claims [time series]
territorial sea: 12 nm | contiguous zone: 24 nm | exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Natural hazards [time series]
locally heavy rainfall causes periodic flooding on the plateau
Natural resources [time series]
petroleum, diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, copper, feldspar, gold, bauxite, uranium
Population distribution (Population - distribution) [time series]
most people live in the western half of the country; urban areas account for the highest concentrations of people, particularly Luanda
Terrain [time series]
narrow coastal plain rises abruptly to vast interior plateau
Government
Administrative divisions [time series]
18 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Bengo, Benguela, Bie, Cabinda, Cunene, Huambo, Huila, Kwando Kubango, Kwanza Norte, Kwanza Sul, Luanda, Lunda Norte, Lunda Sul, Malanje, Moxico, Namibe, Uige, Zaire
Capital [time series]
name: Luanda | geographic coordinates: 8 50 S, 13 13 E | time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Citizenship [time series]
citizenship by birth: no | citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Angola | dual citizenship recognized: no | residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years
Constitution [time series]
history: previous 1975, 1992; latest passed by National Assembly 21 January 2010, adopted 5 February 2010 | amendments: proposed by the president of the republic or supported by at least one-third of the National Assembly membership; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote of the Assembly subject to prior Constitutional Court review if requested by the president of the republic
Country name [time series]
conventional long form: Republic of Angola | conventional short form: Angola | local long form: Republica de Angola | local short form: Angola | former: People's Republic of Angola | etymology: name derived by the Portuguese from the title "ngola" held by kings of the Ndongo (Ndongo was a kingdom in what is now northern Angola)
Diplomatic representation from the US [time series]
chief of mission: Ambassador Helen Meagher LA LIME (15 May 2014) | embassy: number 32 Rua Houari Boumedienne (in the Miramar area of Luanda), Luanda, C.P. 6468 | mailing address: international mail: Caixa Postal 6468, Luanda; pouch: US Embassy Luanda, US Department of State, 2550 Luanda Place, Washington, DC 20521-2550 | telephone: [244] 946440977 | FAX: [244] (222) 64-1000
Diplomatic representation in the US [time series]
chief of mission: Ambassador Agostinho Tavares da Silva NETO (since 18 November 2014) | chancery: 2100-2108 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009 | telephone: [1] (202) 785-1156 | FAX: [1] (202) 822-9049 | consulate(s) general: Houston, Los Angeles, New York
Executive branch [time series]
chief of state: President Joao Manuel LOURENCO (since 26 September 2017); Vice President Bornito De Sousa Baltazar DIOGO (since 26 September 2017); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government | head of government: President Joao Manuel LOURENCO (since 26 September 2017); Vice President Bornito De Sousa Baltazar DIOGO (since 26 September 2017) | cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president | elections/appointments: president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second consecutive or discontinuous term); last held on 23 August 2017 (next to be held in 2022) | election results: Joao Manuel LOURENCO (MPLA) elected president by the National Assembly
Flag (Flag description) [time series]
two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and black with a centered yellow emblem consisting of a 5-pointed star within half a cogwheel crossed by a machete (in the style of a hammer and sickle); red represents liberty; black the African continent; the symbols characterize workers and peasants
Government type [time series]
presidential republic
Independence [time series]
11 November 1975 (from Portugal)
International law organization participation [time series]
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
International organization participation [time series]
ACP, AfDB, AU, CEMAC, CPLP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OAS (observer), OPEC, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Judicial branch [time series]
highest court(s): Supreme Court or Supremo Tribunal de Justica (consists of the court president, vice president, and a minimum of 16 judges); Constitutional Court or Tribunal Constitucional (consists of 11 judges) | judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges appointed by the president upon recommendation of the Supreme Judicial Council, an 18-member body chaired by the president; judge tenure NA; Constitutional Court judges - 4 nominated by the president, 4 elected by National Assembly, 2 elected by Supreme National Council, 1 elected by competitive submission of curricula; judges serve single 7-year terms | subordinate courts: provincial and municipal courts
Legal system [time series]
civil legal system based on Portuguese civil law; no judicial review of legislation
Legislative branch [time series]
description: unicameral National Assembly or Assembleia Nacional (220 seats; members directly elected in a single national constituency and in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms) | elections: last held on 23 August 2017 (next to be held in August 2022) | election results: percent of vote by party - MPLA 61.1%, UNITA 26.7%, CASA-CE 9.5%, PRS 1.4%, FNLA .9%, other 0.5%; seats by party - MPLA 150, UNITA 51, CASA-CE 16, PRS 2, FNLA 1
National anthem(s) (National anthem) [time series]
name: "Angola Avante" (Forward Angola) | lyrics/music: Manuel Rui Alves MONTEIRO/Rui Alberto Vieira Dias MINGAO | note: adopted 1975
National holiday [time series]
Independence Day, 11 November (1975)
National symbol(s) [time series]
Palanca Negra Gigante (giant black sable antelope); national colors: red, black, yellow
Political parties (Political parties and leaders) [time series]
Broad Convergence for the Salvation of Angola Electoral Coalition or CASA-CE [Abel CHIVUKUVUKU] | National Front for the Liberation of Angola or FNLA; note - party has two factions; one led by Lucas NGONDA; the other by Ngola KABANGU | National Union for the Total Independence of Angola or UNITA [Isaias SAMAKUVA] (largest opposition party) | Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola or MPLA [Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS] (ruling party in power since 1975) | Social Renewal Party or PRS [Benedito DANIEL]
Political parties (Political pressure groups and leaders) [time series]
Angolan Revolutionary Movement or ARM | Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda - Armed Forces of Cabinda or FLEC-FAC [Emmanuel NZITA] | note: FLEC's small-scale armed struggle for the independence of Cabinda Province persists despite the signing of a peace accord with the government in August 2006; several factions of FLEC have broken off over the past 30 years, including the FLEC-PM [Rodrigues MINGAS], which was responsible for a deadly attack on the Togolese national soccer team in 2010
Suffrage [time series]
18 years of age; universal
Introduction
Background [time series]
Angola scores low on human development indexes despite using its large oil reserves to rebuild since the end of a 27-year civil war in 2002. Fighting between the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA), led by Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS, and the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA), led by Jonas SAVIMBI, followed independence from Portugal in 1975. Peace seemed imminent in 1992 when Angola held national elections, but fighting picked up again in 1993. Up to 1.5 million lives may have been lost - and 4 million people displaced - during the more than a quarter century of fighting. SAVIMBI's death in 2002 ended UNITA's insurgency and cemented the MPLA's hold on power. President DOS SANTOS pushed through a new constitution in 2010 and was elected to a five year term as president in 2012.
Military and Security
Military and security forces (Military branches) [time series]
Angolan Armed Forces (Forcas Armadas Angolanas, FAA): Army, Navy (Marinha de Guerra Angola, MGA), Angolan National Air Force (Forca Aerea Nacional Angolana, FANA; under operational control of the Army) (2012)
Military expenditures [time series]
2.95% of GDP (2016) | 3.52% of GDP (2015) | 5.4% of GDP (2014) | 4.88% of GDP (2013) | 3.59% of GDP (2012) | country comparison to the world: 13
Military service age and obligation [time series]
20-45 years of age for compulsory male and 18-45 years for voluntary male military service (registration at age 18 is mandatory); 20-45 years of age for voluntary female service; 2-year conscript service obligation; Angolan citizenship required; the Navy (MGA) is entirely staffed with volunteers (2013)
People and Society
Age structure [time series]
0-14 years: 48.12% (male 7,005,891/female 7,097,392) | 15-24 years: 18.25% (male 2,593,355/female 2,756,367) | 25-54 years: 28.03% (male 3,921,046/female 4,293,307) | 55-64 years: 3.26% (male 438,268/female 517,690) | 65 years and over: 2.34% (male 290,247/female 396,710) (2017 est.)
Birth rate [time series]
44.2 births/1,000 population (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 1
Children under the age of 5 years underweight [time series]
19% (2016) | country comparison to the world: 45
Contraceptive prevalence rate [time series]
13.7% (2015/16)
Death rate [time series]
9.2 deaths/1,000 population (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 62
Demographic profile [time series]
More than a decade after the end of Angola’s 27-year civil war, the country still faces a variety of socioeconomic problems, including poverty, high maternal and child mortality, and illiteracy. Despite the country’s rapid post-war economic growth based on oil production, more than 40 percent of Angolans live below the poverty line and unemployment is widespread, especially among the large young-adult population. Only about 70% of the population is literate, and the rate drops to around 60% for women. The youthful population – about 45% are under the age of 15 – is expected to continue growing rapidly with a fertility rate of more 5 children per woman and a low rate of contraceptive use. Fewer than half of women deliver their babies with the assistance of trained health care personnel, which contributes to Angola’s high maternal mortality rate. | Of the estimated 550,000 Angolans who fled their homeland during its civil war, most have returned home since 2002. In 2012, the UN assessed that conditions in Angola had been stable for several years and invoked a cessation of refugee status for Angolans. Following the cessation clause, some of those still in exile returned home voluntarily through UN repatriation programs, and others integrated into host countries.
Dependency ratios [time series]
total dependency ratio: 97.6 | youth dependency ratio: 93 | elderly dependency ratio: 4.6 | potential support ratio: 21.9 (2015 est.)
Drinking water source [time series]
urban: 75.4% of population | rural: 28.2% of population | total: 49% of population | urban: 24.6% of population | rural: 71.8% of population | total: 51% of population (2015 est.)
Education expenditure (Education expenditures) [time series]
3.5% of GDP (2010) | country comparison to the world: 127
Ethnic groups [time series]
Ovimbundu 37%, Kimbundu 25%, Bakongo 13%, mestico (mixed European and native African) 2%, European 1%, other 22%
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate [time series]
1.9% (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 26
HIV/AIDS - deaths [time series]
11,000 (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 20
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS [time series]
280,000 (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 21
Health expenditure (Health expenditures) [time series]
3.3% of GDP (2014) | country comparison to the world: 178
Infant mortality rate [time series]
total: 67.6 deaths/1,000 live births | male: 73.3 deaths/1,000 live births | female: 61.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 12
Languages [time series]
Portuguese 71.2% (official), Umbundu 23%, Kikongo 8.2%, Kimbundu 7.8%, Chokwe 6.5%, Nhaneca 3.4%, Nganguela 3.1%, Fiote 2.4%, Kwanhama 2.3%, Muhumbi 2.1%, Luvale 1%, other 3.6% | note: most widely spoken languages; shares sum to more than 100% because some respondents gave more than one answer on the census (2014 est.)
Life expectancy at birth [time series]
total population: 60.2 years | male: 58.2 years | female: 62.3 years (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 205
Literacy [time series]
definition: age 15 and over can read and write | total population: 71.1% | male: 82% | female: 60.7% (2015 est.)
Major infectious diseases [time series]
degree of risk: very high | food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, typhoid fever | vectorborne diseases: dengue fever, malaria | water contact disease: schistosomiasis | animal contact disease: rabies (2016)
Major urban areas - population [time series]
LUANDA (capital) 5.506 million; Huambo 1.269 million (2015)
Maternal mortality ratio [time series]
477 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 23
Median age [time series]
total: 15.9 years | male: 15.4 years | female: 16.3 years (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 213
Mother's mean age at first birth [time series]
19.4 years | note: median age at first birth among women 25-29 (2015/16 est.)
Nationality [time series]
noun: Angolan(s) | adjective: Angolan
Net migration rate [time series]
0.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 69
Obesity - adult prevalence rate [time series]
8.2% (2016) | country comparison to the world: 154
Physician density (Physicians density) [time series]
0.14 physicians/1,000 population (2009)
Population [time series]
29,310,273 | note: results from Angola's 2014 national census estimate the country's population to be 25.8 million (July 2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 46
Population distribution [time series]
most people live in the western half of the country; urban areas account for the highest concentrations of people, particularly Luanda
Population growth rate [time series]
3.52% (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 3
Religions [time series]
Roman Catholic 41.1%, Protestant 38.1%, other 8.6%, none 12.3% (2014 est.)
Sanitation facility access [time series]
urban: 88.6% of population | rural: 22.5% of population | total: 51.6% of population | urban: 11.4% of population | rural: 77.5% of population | total: 48.4% of population (2015 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) [time series]
total: 10 years | male: 13 years | female: 8 years (2011)
Sex ratio [time series]
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female | 0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female | 15-24 years: 1.04 male(s)/female | 25-54 years: 1.02 male(s)/female | 55-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female | 65 years and over: 0.86 male(s)/female | total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2016 est.)
Total fertility rate [time series]
6.16 children born/woman (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 2
Urbanization [time series]
urban population: 45.6% of total population (2017) | rate of urbanization: 4.6% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)
Transnational Issues
Disputes - international [time series]
Democratic Republic of Congo accuses Angola of shifting monuments
Illicit drugs [time series]
used as a transshipment point for cocaine destined for Western Europe and other African states, particularly South Africa
Refugees and internally displaced persons [time series]
refugees (country of origin): 48,000 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (2017)
Transportation
Airports [time series]
176 (2013) | country comparison to the world: 32
Airports - with paved runways [time series]
total: 31 | over 3,047 m: 7 | 2,438 to 3,047 m: 8 | 1,524 to 2,437 m: 12 | 914 to 1,523 m: 4 (2017)
Airports - with unpaved runways [time series]
total: 145 | over 3,047 m: 2 | 2,438 to 3,047 m: 3 | 1,524 to 2,437 m: 31 | 914 to 1,523 m: 66 | under 914 m: 43 (2013)
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix [time series]
D2 (2016)
Heliports [time series]
1 (2013)
Merchant marine [time series]
total: 55 | by type: general cargo 14, oil tanker 9, other 32 (2017) | country comparison to the world: 110
National air transport system [time series]
number of registered air carriers: 10 | inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 55 | annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 1,244,491 | annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 46.043 million mt-km (2015)
Pipelines [time series]
gas 352 km; liquid petroleum gas 85 km; oil 1,065 km; oil/gas/water 5 km (2013)
Ports (Ports and terminals) [time series]
major seaport(s): Cabinda, Lobito, Luanda, Namibe | LNG terminal(s) (export): Angola Soyo
Railways [time series]
total: 2,852 km | narrow gauge: 2,729 km 1.067-m gauge; 123 km 0.600-m gauge (2014) | country comparison to the world: 60
Roadways [time series]
total: 51,429 km | paved: 5,349 km | unpaved: 46,080 km (2001) | country comparison to the world: 77
Waterways [time series]
1,300 km (2011) | country comparison to the world: 54