Airports [time series]

39 total, 30 usable; 5 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runways over 3,659 m; 3 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 10 with runways 1,220-2,439 m

Civil air [time series]

4 major transport aircraft

Roadways (Highways) [time series]

26,200 km total; 1,970 km paved; 5,849 km crushed stone, gravel, and laterite; remainder earth roads and tracks

Waterways (Inland waterways) [time series]

Lake Victoria, Lake Albert, Lake Kyoga, Lake George, Lake Edward; Victoria Nile, Albert Nile; principal inland water ports are at Jinja and Port Bell, both on Lake Victoria

Merchant marine [time series]

1 roll-on/roll-off cargo (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,697 GRT

Railways (Railroads) [time series]

1,300 km, 1.000-meter-gauge single track

Telecommunication systems (Telecommunications) [time series]

fair system with radio relay and radio communications stations; 61,600 telephones; stations--10 AM, no FM, 9 TV; satellite earth stations--1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT and 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT

Military and security forces (Branches) [time series]

National Resistance Army (NRA)

Military expenditures (Defense expenditures) [time series]

1.4% of GDP (1985)

Military manpower [time series]

males 15-49, about 3,836,921; about 2,084,813 fit for military service

Agricultural products (Agriculture) [time series]

accounts for 57% of GDP and 83% of labor force; cash crops--coffee, tea, cotton, tobacco; food crops--cassava, potatoes, corn, millet, pulses; livestock products--beef, goat meat, milk, poultry; self-sufficient in food

Aid [time series]

US commitments, including Ex-Im (1970-88), $123 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-87), $1.0 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $60 million; Communist countries (1970-88), $140 million

Budget [time series]

revenues $365 million; expenditures $545 million, including capital expenditures of $165 million (FY89 est.)

Exchange rates (Currency) [time series]

Ugandan shilling (plural--shillings); 1 Ugandan shilling (USh) = 100 cents

Electricity [time series]

173,000 kW capacity; 312 million kWh produced, 18 kWh per capita (1989)

Exchange rates [time series]

Ugandan shillings (USh) per US$1--370 (December 1989), 223.09 (1989), 106.14 (1988), 42.84 (1987), 14.00 (1986), 6.72 (1985)

Exports [time series]

$272 million (f.o.b., 1988); commodities--coffee 97%, cotton, tea; partners--US 25%, UK 18%, France 11%, Spain 10%

Debt - external (External debt) [time series]

$1.4 billion (1989 est.)

Fiscal year [time series]

1 July-30 June

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) (GDP) [time series]

$4.9 billion, per capita $300 (1988); real growth rate 6.1% (1989 est.)

Imports [time series]

$626 million (c.i.f., 1988); commodities--petroleum products, machinery, cotton piece goods, metals, transportation equipment, food; partners--Kenya 25%, UK 14%, Italy 13%

Industrial production growth rate (Industrial production) [time series]

growth rate 25.1% (1988)

Industries [time series]

sugar, brewing, tobacco, cotton textiles, cement

Inflation rate (consumer prices) [time series]

72% (FY89)

Economic overview (Overview) [time series]

Uganda has substantial natural resources, including fertile soils, regular rainfall, and sizable mineral deposits of copper and cobalt. For most of the past 15 years the economy has been devastated by political instability, mismanagement, and civil war, keeping Uganda poor with a per capita income of about $300. (GDP remains below the levels of the early 1970s, as does industrial production.) Agriculture is the most important sector of the economy, employing over 80% of the work force. Coffee is the major export crop and accounted for 97% of export revenues in 1988. Since 1986 the government has acted to rehabilitate and stabilize the economy by undertaking currency reform, raising producer prices on export crops, increasing petroleum prices, and improving civil service wages. The policy changes are especially aimed at dampening inflation, which was running at over 300% in 1987, and boosting production and export earnings.

Unemployment rate [time series]

NA%

Climate [time series]

tropical; generally rainy with two dry seasons (December to February, June to August); semiarid in northeast

Coastline [time series]

none--landlocked

Area - comparative (Comparative area) [time series]

slightly smaller than Oregon

Environment - current issues (Environment) [time series]

straddles Equator; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion

Land boundaries [time series]

2,698 km total; Kenya 933 km, Rwanda 169 km, Sudan 435 km, Tanzania 396 km, Zaire 765 km

Land use [time series]

23% arable land; 9% permanent crops; 25% meadows and pastures; 30% forest and woodland; 13% other; includes NEGL% irrigated

Maritime claims [time series]

none--landlocked

Natural resources [time series]

copper, cobalt, limestone, salt

Note [time series]

landlocked

Terrain [time series]

mostly plateau with rim of mountains

Area (Total area) [time series]

236,040 km2; land area: 199,710 km2

Administrative divisions [time series]

10 provinces; Busoga, Central, Eastern, Karamoja, Nile, North Buganda, Northern, South Buganda, Southern, Western

Capital [time series]

Kampala

Political parties (Communists) [time series]

possibly a few sympathizers

Constitution [time series]

8 September 1967, suspended following coup of 27 July 1985; in process of constitutional revision

Diplomatic representation in the US (Diplomatic representation) [time series]

Ambassador Stephen Kapimpina KATENTA-APULI; 5909 16th Street NW, Washington DC 20011; telephone (202) 726-7100 through 7102; US--Ambassador John A. BURROUGHS, Jr.; Embassy at British High Commission Building, Obote Avenue, Kampala (mailing address is P. O. Box 7007, Kampala); telephone [256] (41) 259791

Executive branch [time series]

president, prime minister, three deputy prime ministers, Cabinet

Flag [time series]

six equal horizonal bands of black (top), yellow, red, black, yellow, and red; a white disk is superimposed at the center and depicts a red-crested crane (the national symbol) facing the staff side

Independence [time series]

9 October 1962 (from UK)

Judicial branch [time series]

Court of Appeal, High Court Chief of State--President Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (since 29 January 1986); Head of Government--Prime Minister Samson Babi Mululu KISEKKA (since 30 January 1986); First Deputy Prime Minister Eriya KATEGAYA (since NA)

Legal system [time series]

government plans to restore system based on English common law and customary law and reinstitute a normal judicial system; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations

Legislative branch [time series]

unicameral National Resistance Council

Country name (Long-form name) [time series]

Republic of Uganda

International organization participation (Member of) [time series]

ACP, AfDB, CCC, Commonwealth, FAO, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAC, ICAO, ICO, IDA, IDB--Islamic Development Bank, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, ISO, ITU, NAM, OAU, OIC, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

National holiday [time series]

Independence Day, 9 October (1962)

Other political parties or pressure groups [time series]

Uganda People's Democratic Movement (UPDM), Uganda People's Front (UPF), Uganda Freedom Movement (UFM), Holy Spirit Movement (HSM)

Political parties (Political parties and leaders) [time series]

only party--National Resistance Movement (NRM); note--the Uganda Patriotic Movement (UPM), Ugandan People's Congress (UPC), Democratic Party (DP), and Conservative Party (CP) are all proscribed from conducting public political activities

Suffrage [time series]

universal at age 18 National Resistance Council--last held 11-28 February 1989 (next to be held after January 1995); results--NRM is the only party; seats--(278 total, 210 indirectly elected) NRM 210

Government type (Type) [time series]

republic

Birth rate [time series]

52 births/1,000 population (1990)

Death rate [time series]

17 deaths/1,000 population (1990)

Ethnic groups (Ethnic divisions) [time series]

99% African, 1% European, Asian, Arab

Infant mortality rate [time series]

107 deaths/1,000 live births (1990)

Labor force [time series]

4,500,000 (est.); 94% subsistence activities, 6% wage earners (est.); 50% of population of working age (1983)

Languages (Language) [time series]

English (official); Luganda and Swahili widely used; other Bantu and Nilotic languages

Life expectancy at birth [time series]

48 years male, 50 years female (1990)

Literacy [time series]

57.3%

Nationality [time series]

noun--Ugandan(s); adjective--Ugandan

Net migration rate [time series]

0 migrants/1,000 population (1990)

Organized labor [time series]

125,000 union members

Population [time series]

17,960,262 (July 1990), growth rate 3.5% (1990)

Religions (Religion) [time series]

33% Roman Catholic, 33% Protestant, 16% Muslim, rest indigenous beliefs

Total fertility rate [time series]

7.4 children born/woman (1990)