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Communications

Broadcast media [time series]

state-owned public broadcaster operates 1 TV station and 3 radio stations; receives radio and TV broadcasts from Italy (2012)

Internet country code [time series]

.sm

Internet users [time series]

total: 17,200 | percent of population: 52.6% (July 2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 202

Telecommunication systems (Telephone system) [time series]

general assessment: automatic telephone system completely integrated into Italian system | domestic: combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular teledensity over 155 telephones per 100 persons | international: country code - 378; connected to Italian international network (2016)

Telephones - fixed lines [time series]

total subscriptions: 16,000 | subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 48 (July 2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 186

Telephones - mobile cellular [time series]

total: 36,570 | subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 110 (July 2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 206

Economy

Agricultural products (Agriculture - products) [time series]

wheat, grapes, corn, olives; cattle, pigs, horses, beef, cheese, hides

Budget [time series]

revenues: $667.7 million | expenditures: $713.8 million (2011 est.)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) [time series]

-2.9% of GDP (2011 est.) | country comparison to the world: 115

Commercial bank prime lending rate [time series]

5.92% (31 December 2011 est.) | 5.38% (31 December 2010 est.) | country comparison to the world: 123

Current account balance [time series]

$0 (2016 est.)

Debt - external [time series]

$NA

Economic overview (Economy - overview) [time series]

San Marino's economy relies heavily on tourism, banking, and the manufacture and export of ceramics, clothing, fabrics, furniture, paints, spirits, tiles, and wine. The manufacturing and financial sectors account for more than half of San Marino's GDP. The per capita level of output and standard of living are comparable to those of the most prosperous regions of Italy. | San Marino's economy has been contracting since 2008, largely due to weakened demand from Italy - which accounts for nearly 90% of its export market - and financial sector consolidation. Difficulties in the banking sector, the recent global economic downturn, and the sizable decline in tax revenues have contributed to negative real GDP growth. The government has adopted measures to counter the downturn, including subsidized credit to businesses and is seeking to shift its growth model away from a reliance on bank and tax secrecy. San Marino does not issue public debt securities; when necessary, it finances deficits by drawing down central bank deposits. | The economy benefits from foreign investment due to its relatively low corporate taxes and low taxes on interest earnings. The income tax rate is also very low, about one-third the average EU level. San Marino continues to work towards harmonizing its fiscal laws with EU and international standards. In September 2009, the OECD removed San Marino from its list of tax havens that have yet to fully adopt global tax standards, and in 2010 San Marino signed Tax Information Exchange Agreements with most major countries. In 2013, the San Marino Government signed a Double Taxation Agreement with Italy, but a referendum on EU membership failed to reach the quorum needed to bring it to a vote.

Exchange rates [time series]

euros (EUR) per US dollar - | 0.9214 (2016 est.) | 0.885 (2015 est.) | 0.885 (2014 est.) | 0.7634 (2013 est.) | 0.7752 (2012 est.)

Exports [time series]

$3.827 billion (2011 est.) | $2.576 billion (2010 est.) | country comparison to the world: 114

Exports - commodities [time series]

building stone, lime, wood, chestnuts, wheat, wine, baked goods, hides, ceramics

Fiscal year [time series]

calendar year

GDP (official exchange rate) [time series]

$1.591 billion (2016 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) (GDP (purchasing power parity)) [time series]

$2.023 billion (2016 est.) | $1.978 billion (2015 est.) | $1.947 billion (2014 est.) | note: data are in 2016 dollars | country comparison to the world: 196

GDP - composition, by end use [time series]

GDP - composition, by sector of origin [time series]

agriculture: 0.1% | industry: 39.2% | services: 60.7% (2009)

Real GDP per capita (GDP - per capita (PPP)) [time series]

$59,500 (2016 est.) | $58,900 (2015 est.) | $58,600 (2014 est.) | note: data are in 2016 dollars | country comparison to the world: 18

Real GDP growth rate (GDP - real growth rate) [time series]

1% (2016 est.) | 0.5% (2015 est.) | -0.9% (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 171

Household income or consumption by percentage share [time series]

lowest 10%: NA% | highest 10%: NA%

Imports [time series]

$2.551 billion (2011 est.) | $2.132 billion (2010 est.) | country comparison to the world: 151

Imports - commodities [time series]

wide variety of consumer manufactures, food, energy

Industrial production growth rate [time series]

-1.1% (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 170

Industries [time series]

tourism, banking, textiles, electronics, ceramics, cement, wine

Inflation rate (consumer prices) [time series]

0.6% (2016 est.) | 0.1% (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 68

Labor force [time series]

21,960 (September 2013 es) | country comparison to the world: 212

Labor force - by occupation [time series]

agriculture: 0.2% | industry: 33.5% | services: 66.3% (September 2013 es)

Market value of publicly traded shares [time series]

$NA

Population below poverty line [time series]

NA%

Public debt [time series]

21.6% of GDP (2016 est.) | 19.7% of GDP (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 181

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold [time series]

$392 million (2014 est.) | $539.3 million (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 148

Stock of broad money [time series]

$4.584 billion (31 December 2007) | country comparison to the world: 128

Stock of domestic credit [time series]

$8.822 billion (30 September 2010) | $8.008 billion (31 December 2009) | country comparison to the world: 111

Stock of narrow money [time series]

$1.326 billion (31 December 2007) | country comparison to the world: 144

Taxes and other revenues [time series]

41.9% of GDP (2011 est.) | country comparison to the world: 33

Unemployment rate [time series]

8.6% (2016 est.) | 8.1% (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 111

Energy

Electricity access [time series]

electrification - total population: 100% (2016)

Geography

Area [time series]

total: 61 sq km | land: 61 sq km | water: 0 sq km | country comparison to the world: 229

Area - comparative [time series]

about one-third the size of Washington, DC

Climate [time series]

Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers

Coastline [time series]

0 km (landlocked)

Elevation [time series]

mean elevation: NA | elevation extremes: lowest point: Torrente Ausa 55 m | highest point: Monte Titano 739 m

Environment - current issues [time series]

air pollution; urbanization decreasing rural farmlands

International environmental agreements (Environment - international agreements) [time series]

party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Whaling | signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution

Geographic coordinates [time series]

43 46 N, 12 25 E

Geography - note [time series]

landlocked; smallest independent state in Europe after the Holy See and Monaco; dominated by the Apennine Mountains

Irrigated land [time series]

0 sq km (2012)

Land boundaries [time series]

total: 37 km | border countries (1): Italy 37 km

Land use [time series]

agricultural land: 16.7% | arable land 16.7%; permanent crops 0%; permanent pasture 0% | forest: 0% | other: 83.3% (2011 est.)

Location [time series]

Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy

Map references [time series]

Europe

Maritime claims [time series]

none (landlocked)

Natural hazards [time series]

occasional earthquakes

Natural resources [time series]

building stone

Terrain [time series]

rugged mountains

Government

Administrative divisions [time series]

9 municipalities (castelli, singular - castello); Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino, Montegiardino, San Marino Citta, Serravalle

Capital [time series]

name: San Marino (city) | geographic coordinates: 43 56 N, 12 25 E | time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) | daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

Citizenship [time series]

citizenship by birth: no | citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of San Marino | dual citizenship recognized: no | residency requirement for naturalization: 30 years

Constitution [time series]

history: consists of several legislative instruments, chief among them the Statutes (Leges Statuti) of 1600 and the Declaration of Citizen Rights of 1974 | amendments: proposed by the Great and General Council; passage requires two-thirds majority Council vote; Council passage by absolute majority vote also requires passage in a referendum; Declaration of Civil Rights amended several times, last in 2012 (2016)

Country name [time series]

conventional long form: Republic of San Marino | conventional short form: San Marino | local long form: Repubblica di San Marino | local short form: San Marino | etymology: named after Saint MARINUS, the traditional founder of the country

Diplomatic representation from the US [time series]

the US does not have an embassy in San Marino; the US Ambassador to Italy is accredited to San Marino

Diplomatic representation in the US [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador Damiano BELEFFI (since 21 July 2017) | chancery: 1711 N Street NW, 2nd floor, Washington, DC 20036 | telephone: 202-250-1535 | FAX: 202-223-2748

Executive branch [time series]

chief of state: co-chiefs of state Captain Regent Mateo FIORINI and Captain Regent Enrico CARATTONI (for the period 1 October 2017 - 1 April 2018) | head of government: Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs Nicola RENZI (since 27 December 2016) | cabinet: Congress of State elected by the Grand and General Council | elections/appointments: co-chiefs of state (captains regent) indirectly elected by the Grand and General Council for a single 6-month term; election last held in September 2017 (next to be held in March 2018); secretary of state for foreign and political affairs indirectly elected by the Grand and General Council for a single 5-year term; election last held on 11 November 2012 (next to be held by November 2017) | election results: Mateo FIORINI (Popular Alliance) and Enrico CARATTONI (SSD) elected captains regent; percent of Grand and General Council vote - NA; Pasquale VALENTINI (PDCS) elected secretary of state for foreign and political affairs; percent of Grand and General Council vote - NA | note: the captains regent preside over meetings of the Grand and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State), which has 9 other members who are selected by the Grand and General Council; assisting the captains regent are 9 secretaries of state; the secretary of state for Foreign Affairs has some prime ministerial roles

Flag (Flag description) [time series]

two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the national coat of arms superimposed in the center; the main colors derive from the shield of the coat of arms, which features three white towers on three peaks on a blue field; the towers represent three castles built on San Marino's highest feature, Mount Titano: Guaita, Cesta, and Montale; the coat of arms is flanked by a wreath, below a crown and above a scroll bearing the word LIBERTAS (Liberty); the white and blue colors are also said to stand for peace and liberty respectively

Government type [time series]

parliamentary republic

Independence [time series]

3 September 301 (traditional founding date)

International law organization participation [time series]

has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

International organization participation [time series]

CE, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAIA (observer), OPCW, OSCE, Schengen Convention (de facto member), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WHO, WIPO

Judicial branch [time series]

highest court(s): Council of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII (consists of 12 members); note - the College of Guarantors for the Constitutionality and General Norms functions as San Marino's constitutional court | judge selection and term of office: judges elected by the Grand and General Council from among its own to serve 5-year terms | subordinate courts: first instance and first appeal criminal, administrative, and civil courts; justices of the peace or conciliatory judges

Legal system [time series]

civil law system with Italian civil law influences

Legislative branch [time series]

description: unicameral Grand and General Council or Consiglio Grande e Generale (60 seats; members directly elected by proportional representation vote in 2 rounds if needed; members serve 5-year terms) | elections: last held on 20 November 2016 (next to be held by November 2021) | election results: percent of vote by party - San Marino First 39.4% (PDCS 24.5%, PS 7.7%, PSD 7.2%), Adesso.sm 31.0% Democratic Socialist Left 12.1%, Repubblica Futura 9.6%, Civic 10 9.3%), Democracy in Action 22.8% RETE Movement 18.3%, Democratic Movement-San Marino Together 4.5%); seats by party - San Marino First 25 (PDCS 16, PS 5, PSD 4), Adesso.sm 20 (Democratic Socialist Left 8, Repubblica Futura 6, Civic 10 6), Democracy in Action 15 RETE Movement 12, Democratic Movement-San Marino Together 3)

National anthem(s) (National anthem) [time series]

name: "Inno Nazionale della Repubblica" (National Anthem of the Republic) | lyrics/music: no lyrics/Federico CONSOLO | note: adopted 1894; the music for the lyric-less anthem is based on a 10th century chorale piece

National holiday [time series]

Founding of the Republic (or Feast of Saint Marinus), 3 September (A.D. 301)

National symbol(s) [time series]

three peaks each displaying a tower; national colors: white, blue

Political parties (Political parties and leaders) [time series]

San Marino Common Good (includes Sammarinese Christian Democratic Party or PDCS [Marco GATTI], We Sammarinese or NS [Marco ARZILLI], Party of Socialists and Democrats or PSD [Paride ANDREOLI], Popular Alliance or AP [Gabriele GATTI]) | Entente for the Country (Intesa per il Paese; includes Socialist Party or PS [Alessandro BEVITORI], Union for the Republic or UPR [Marco PODESCHI) | Active Citizenship (includes Civic 10 [Mateo CIACCI], United Left or SU [Gastone PASOLINI])

Political parties (Political pressure groups and leaders) [time series]

Suffrage [time series]

18 years of age; universal

Introduction

Background [time series]

Geographically the third smallest state in Europe (after the Holy See and Monaco), San Marino also claims to be the world's oldest republic. According to tradition, it was founded by a Christian stonemason named MARINUS in A.D. 301. San Marino's foreign policy is aligned with that of the EU, although it is not a member; social and political trends in the republic track closely with those of its larger neighbor, Italy.

Military and Security

Military - note [time series]

defense is the responsibility of Italy

Military and security forces (Military branches) [time series]

no regular military forces; voluntary Military Corps (Corpi Militari) performs ceremonial duties and limited police support functions (2010)

Military service age and obligation [time series]

18 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; no conscription; government has the authority to call up all San Marino citizens from 16-60 years of age to service in the military (2012)

People and Society

Age structure [time series]

0-14 years: 15.22% (male 2,709/female 2,396) | 15-24 years: 11.52% (male 2,003/female 1,861) | 25-54 years: 40.78% (male 6,435/female 7,240) | 55-64 years: 12.92% (male 2,142/female 2,191) | 65 years and over: 19.56% (male 2,945/female 3,615) (2017 est.)

Birth rate [time series]

8.6 births/1,000 population (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 217

Death rate [time series]

8.7 deaths/1,000 population (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 72

Education expenditure (Education expenditures) [time series]

2.4% of GDP (2011)

Ethnic groups [time series]

Sammarinese, Italian

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate [time series]

HIV/AIDS - deaths [time series]

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS [time series]

Health expenditure (Health expenditures) [time series]

6.1% of GDP (2014) | country comparison to the world: 102

Hospital bed density [time series]

3.8 beds/1,000 population (2012)

Infant mortality rate [time series]

total: 4.3 deaths/1,000 live births | male: 4.5 deaths/1,000 live births | female: 4.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 188

Languages [time series]

Italian

Life expectancy at birth [time series]

total population: 83.3 years | male: 80.8 years | female: 86.1 years (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 5

Major urban areas - population [time series]

SAN MARINO 4,000 (2014)

Median age [time series]

total: 44.4 years | male: 43.3 years | female: 45.4 years (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 8

Nationality [time series]

noun: Sammarinese (singular and plural) | adjective: Sammarinese

Net migration rate [time series]

7.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 15

Physician density (Physicians density) [time series]

6.36 physicians/1,000 population (2014)

Population [time series]

33,537 (July 2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 215

Population growth rate [time series]

0.74% (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 147

Religions [time series]

Roman Catholic

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) [time series]

total: 15 years | male: 15 years | female: 16 years (2012)

Sex ratio [time series]

Total fertility rate [time series]

1.5 children born/woman (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 198

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) (Unemployment, youth ages 15-24) [time series]

total: 28% | male: 22.9% | female: 34.4% (2015 est.)

Urbanization [time series]

urban population: 94.2% of total population (2017) | rate of urbanization: 0.38% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)

Transnational Issues

Disputes - international [time series]

none

Transportation

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix [time series]

T7 (2016)

Roadways [time series]

total: 292 km | paved: 292 km (2006) | country comparison to the world: 207