San Marino

parliamentary republic

name: San Marino (city) geographic coordinates: 43 56 N, 12 25 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October etymology: named after Saint MARINUS, who founded a monastic settlement on Monte Titano in the early 4th century

chief of state: co-chiefs of state Captains Regent Matteo ROSSI and Lorenzo BUGLI (for the period 1 October 2025 - 31 March 2026) head of government: Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs Luca BECCARI (since 8 January 2020) cabinet: Congress of State elected by the Grand and General Council election/appointment process: co-chiefs of state (captains regent) indirectly elected by the Grand and General Council for a single 6-month term; Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs indirectly elected by the Grand and General Council for a single 5-year term most recent election date: co-chiefs of state: 1 April 2025 secretary of state: 28 December 2019 election results: 2025 : Denise BRONZETTI (Reformist Alliance) and Italo RIGHI (Christian Democrat) elected captains regent: percent of Grand and General Council vote - NA 2024 : Francesca CIVERCHIA (PDCS) and Dalibor RICCARDI (Free San Marino) elected captains regent; percent of Grand and General Council vote - NA 2019: Luca BECCARI (PDCS) elected Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs; percent of Grand and General Council vote - NA expected date of next election: co-chiefs of state: September 2025 note: the captains regent preside over meetings of the Grand and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State), which has seven other members who are selected by the Grand and General Council; assisting the captains regent are seven secretaries of state; the secretary of state for Foreign Affairs has some prime ministerial roles

legislature name: Great and General Council (Consiglio grande e generale) legislative structure: unicameral number of seats: 60 (all directly elected) electoral system: proportional representation scope of elections: full renewal term in office: 5 years most recent election date: 6/9/2024 parties elected and seats per party: Christian Democratic Party of San Marino (PDCS) (22); Free (Libera) – Socialist Party (PS) (10); Future Republic (RF) (8); Party of Socialists and Democrats (PSD) (8); Tomorrow - Motus Liberi (5); Reformist Alliance (AR) (4); R.E.T.E. Citizens' Movement (3) percentage of women in chamber: 35% expected date of next election: June 2029

highest court(s): Council of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII (consists of 12 members) judge selection and term of office: judges elected by the Grand and General Council from among its own to serve 5-year terms subordinate courts: first instance and first appeal criminal, administrative, and civil courts; Court for the Trust and Trustee Relations; justices of the peace or conciliatory judges note: the College of Guarantors for the Constitutionality and General Norms functions as San Marino's constitutional court

history: San Marino s principal legislative instruments consist of old customs ( antiche consuetudini ), the Statutory Laws of San Marino (Leges Statutae Sancti Marini), old statutes ( antichi statute ) from the1600s, Brief Notes on the Constitutional Order and Institutional Organs of the Republic of San Marino (Brevi Cenni sull Ordinamento Costituzionale e gli Organi Istituzionali della Repubblica di San Marino) and successive legislation, chief among them is the Declaration of the Rights of Citizens and Fundamental Principles of the San Marino Legal Order (Dichiarazione dei Diritti dei Cittadini e dei Principi Fondamentali dell Ordinamento Sammarinese), approved 8 July 1974 amendment process: proposed by the Great and General Council; passage requires two-thirds majority Council vote; Council passage by absolute majority vote also requires passage in a referendum

CE, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAIA (observer), OPCW, OSCE, Schengen Convention (de facto member), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WHO, WIPO

San Marino Military Corps (Corpi Militari Sammarinesi; aka Sammarinese Armed Forces or Forze Armate Sammarinesi): Fortress Guard Command (or Guard of the Rock), Uniformed Company of the Militias, Guard of the Great and General Council, Corps of the Gendarmerie Ministry of Internal Affairs: Civil Police Corps (2025)

18 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; no conscription; government has the authority to call up all San Marino citizens from 16-60 years of age to serve in the military (2025)

defense is the responsibility of Italy

$2.393 billion (2022 est.) $2.218 billion (2021 est.) $1.947 billion (2020 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars

$70,900 (2022 est.) $64,700 (2021 est.) $56,000 (2020 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars

7.9% (2022 est.) 13.9% (2021 est.) -6.6% (2020 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency

1.2% (2024 est.) 5.9% (2023 est.) 5.3% (2022 est.) note: annual % change based on consumer prices

103.2% of GDP (2022 est.) note: central government debt as a % of GDP

$3.616 billion (2022 est.) $3.23 billion (2021 est.) $2.439 billion (2020 est.) note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars

$3.169 billion (2022 est.) $2.94 billion (2021 est.) $2.232 billion (2020 est.) note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars

revenues: $841.03 million (2023 est.) expenditures: $816.886 million (2023 est.) note: central government revenues (excluding grants) and expenditures converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated

tourism, banking, textiles, electronics, ceramics, cement, wine

wheat, grapes, corn, olives; cattle, pigs, horses, beef, cheese, hides

total: 35,291 (2025 est.) male: 17,035 female: 18,256

0.55% (2025 est.)

0-14 years: 14.2% (male 2,614/female 2,387) 15-64 years: 64.3% (male 10,916/female 11,648) 65 years and over: 21.5% (2024 est.) (male 3,414/female 4,116)

9.04 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)

8.9 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)

5.36 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)

total population: 84.2 years (2024 est.) male: 81.7 years female: 87 years

urban population: 97.8% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 0.41% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Sammarinese, Italian

Italian major-language sample(s): L'Almanacco dei fatti del mondo, l'indispensabile fonte per le informazioni di base. (Italian) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Roman Catholic

total population: 99.9% (2022 est.) male: 99.9% (2022 est.) female: 99.9% (2022 est.)

building stone

1 (2025)

total subscriptions: 41,000 (2022 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 120 (2022 est.)

percent of population: 87% (2023 est.)