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Communications

Broadcast media [time series]

the publicly owned French Overseas Network (RFO), which operates in France's overseas departments and territories, broadcasts over the RFO Nouvelle Caledonie TV and radio stations; a small number of privately owned radio stations also broadcast (2008)

Internet country code [time series]

.nc

Internet users (Internet hosts) [time series]

34,231 (2012) country comparison to the world: 104

Internet users [time series]

85,000 (2009) country comparison to the world: 165

Telecommunication systems (Telephone system) [time series]

general assessment: a submarine cable network connection between New Caledonia and Australia, completed in 2007, increased network capacity and improved high-speed connectivity and access to international networks domestic: combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular telephone subscribership exceeds 100 per 100 persons international: country code - 687; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2010)

Telephones - fixed lines (Telephones - main lines in use) [time series]

80,000 (2012) country comparison to the world: 151

Telephones - mobile cellular [time series]

231,000 (2012) country comparison to the world: 178

Economy

Agricultural products (Agriculture - products) [time series]

vegetables; beef, venison, other livestock products; fish

Budget [time series]

revenues: $996 million expenditures: $1.072 billion (2001 est.)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) [time series]

NA% of GDP

Debt - external [time series]

$79 million (1998 est.) country comparison to the world: 191

Economic overview (Economy - overview) [time series]

New Caledonia has about 25% of the world's known nickel reserves. Only a small amount of the land is suitable for cultivation, and food accounts for about 20% of imports. In addition to nickel, substantial financial support from France - equal to more than 15% of GDP - and tourism are keys to the health of the economy; during 2009-10, France sent more development assistance to New Caledonia than to any of its other overseas territories. Substantial new investment in the nickel industry, combined with the recovery of global nickel prices, brightens the economic outlook for the next several years.

Exchange rates [time series]

Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (XPF) per US dollar - 85.74 (2011 est.) 90.01 (2010 est.)

Exports [time series]

$1.321 billion (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 152 $1.661 billion (2011 est.)

Exports - commodities [time series]

ferronickels, nickel ore, fish

Exports - partners [time series]

Japan 17.2%, France 16.3%, South Korea 12.3%, China 9.6%, Australia 8.4%, Belgium 4.9% (2012)

Fiscal year [time series]

calendar year

GDP (official exchange rate) [time series]

$9.28 billion (2008 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) (GDP (purchasing power parity)) [time series]

$9.28 billion (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 154 $3.158 billion (2003 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use [time series]

household consumption: 63.5% government consumption: 27.6% investment in fixed capital: 29.2% investment in inventories: 0% exports of goods and services: 25.1% imports of goods and services: -45.4% (2013 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin [time series]

agriculture: 2.1% industry: 30% services: 67.9% (2013 est.)

Real GDP per capita (GDP - per capita (PPP)) [time series]

$37,700 (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 33 $15,000 (2003 est.)

Real GDP growth rate (GDP - real growth rate) [time series]

0.6% (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 183

Household income or consumption by percentage share [time series]

lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%

Imports [time series]

$3.245 billion (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 143 $3.698 billion (2011 est.)

Imports - commodities [time series]

machinery and equipment, fuels, chemicals, foodstuffs

Imports - partners [time series]

France 33.5%, Singapore 22.5%, Australia 11.7%, NZ 5.1% (2012)

Industrial production growth rate [time series]

8% (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 28

Industries [time series]

nickel mining and smelting

Inflation rate (consumer prices) [time series]

1.7% (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 49 1.7% (2012 est.)

Labor force [time series]

106,400 (2010) country comparison to the world: 183

Labor force - by occupation [time series]

agriculture: 20% industry: 20% services: 60% (2002)

Market value of publicly traded shares [time series]

$NA

Population below poverty line [time series]

NA%

Unemployment rate [time series]

17.1% (2004) country comparison to the world: 150

Energy

Carbon dioxide emissions (Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy) [time series]

3.026 million Mt (2011 est.)

Crude oil - exports [time series]

0 bbl/day (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 159

Crude oil - imports [time series]

0 bbl/day (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 100

Crude oil - production [time series]

0 bbl/day (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 200

Crude oil - proved reserves [time series]

0 bbl (1 January 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 169

Electricity - consumption [time series]

1.84 billion kWh (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 141

Electricity - exports [time series]

0 kWh (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 173

Electricity - from fossil fuels [time series]

76.8% of total installed capacity (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 96

Electricity - from hydroelectric plants [time series]

15.6% of total installed capacity (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 98

Electricity - from nuclear fuels [time series]

0% of total installed capacity (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 147

Electricity - from other renewable sources [time series]

7.6% of total installed capacity (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 33

Electricity - imports [time series]

0 kWh (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 176

Electricity - installed generating capacity [time series]

499,000 kW (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 138

Electricity - production [time series]

1.978 billion kWh (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 135

Natural gas - consumption [time series]

0 cu m (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 176

Natural gas - exports [time series]

0 cu m (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 153

Natural gas - imports [time series]

0 cu m (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 101

Natural gas - production [time series]

0 cu m (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 171

Natural gas - proved reserves [time series]

0 cu m (1 January 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 174

Refined petroleum products - consumption [time series]

13,640 bbl/day (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 148

Refined petroleum products - exports [time series]

117 bbl/day (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 118

Refined petroleum products - imports [time series]

14,670 bbl/day (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 122

Refined petroleum products - production [time series]

0 bbl/day (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 178

Geography

Area [time series]

total: 18,575 sq km country comparison to the world: 156 land: 18,275 sq km water: 300 sq km

Area - comparative [time series]

slightly smaller than New Jersey

Climate [time series]

tropical; modified by southeast trade winds; hot, humid

Coastline [time series]

2,254 km

Elevation (Elevation extremes) [time series]

lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mont Panie 1,628 m

Environment - current issues [time series]

erosion caused by mining exploitation and forest fires

Geographic coordinates [time series]

21 30 S, 165 30 E

Geography - note [time series]

consists of the main island of New Caledonia (one of the largest in the Pacific Ocean), the archipelago of Iles Loyaute, and numerous small, sparsely populated islands and atolls

Irrigated land [time series]

100 sq km (2003)

Land boundaries [time series]

0 km

Land use [time series]

arable land: 0.38% permanent crops: 0.27% other: 99.34% (2011)

Location [time series]

Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia

Map references [time series]

Oceania

Maritime claims [time series]

territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm

Natural hazards [time series]

cyclones, most frequent from November to March volcanism: Matthew and Hunter Islands are historically active

Natural resources [time series]

nickel, chrome, iron, cobalt, manganese, silver, gold, lead, copper

Terrain [time series]

coastal plains with interior mountains

Government

Administrative divisions [time series]

none (overseas territory of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are three provinces named Province des Iles, Province Nord, and Province Sud

Capital [time series]

name: Noumea geographic coordinates: 22 16 S, 166 27 E time difference: UTC+11 (16 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)

Constitution [time series]

4 October 1958 (French Constitution with changes as reflected in Noumea Accord of 5 May 1998) (2013)

Country name [time series]

conventional long form: Territory of New Caledonia and Dependencies conventional short form: New Caledonia local long form: Territoire des Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances local short form: Nouvelle-Caledonie

Dependency status [time series]

territorial collectivity (or a sui generis collectivity) of France since 1998

Diplomatic representation from the US [time series]

none (overseas territory of France)

Diplomatic representation in the US [time series]

none (overseas territory of France)

Executive branch [time series]

chief of state: President Francois HOLLANDE (since 15 May 2012); represented by High Commissioner Jean-Jacques BROT (since 2 February 2013) head of government: President of the Government Harold MARTIN (since 3 March 2011); note - since 3 March 2011, three different governments of Harold MARTIN have collapsed over the choice of a flag that will be used while it is being decolonized; President Harold MARTIN is head of a caretaker government cabinet: Cabinet consists of 11 members elected from and by the Territorial Congress (For more information visit theWorld Leaders website) elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the government elected by the Territorial Congress for a five-year term (no term limits); note - last election held on 10 June 2011 (next to be held in June 2016)

Flag (Flag description) [time series]

the flag of France is used

Government type [time series]

parliamentary representative democracy

Independence [time series]

none (overseas territory of France); note - a referendum on independence was held in 1998 but was rejected; a new referendum is scheduled between 2014 and 2018

International organization participation [time series]

PIF (associate member), SPC, UPU, WFTU (NGOs)

Judicial branch [time series]

highest court(s): Court of Appeal in Noumea or Cour d'Appel (the highest local judicial court; organized into civil, commercial, social, and pre-trial investigation chambers; number of judges NA); Conseil d'Etat (the highest local administrative court; number of judges NA) note - final appeals are heard before the Court of Cassation or Cour de Cassation, in Paris judge selection and term of office: NA subordinate courts: Courts of First Instance include: civil, juvenile, commercial, labor, police, criminal, Assizes, and also a pre-trial investigation chamber; Joint Commerce Tribunal; administrative courts

Legal system [time series]

civil law system based on French law; note - the 1988 Matignon Accords (signed in the Matignon Hotel) set up a 10-year period of development during which the Kanak community received substantial autonomy but agreed not to raise the independece issue

Legislative branch [time series]

unicameral Territorial Congress or Congres du territoire (54 seats; members belong to the three Provincial Assemblies, or Assemblees Provinciales, elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held on 11 May 2014 (next to be held on May 2019) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - L'Avenir Ensemble 13, UMP 7, FLINKS 9, Union for Caledonia in France 6, Build Our Rainbow Nation 6, other 7 note: the Customary Senate is the assembly of the various traditional councils of the Kanaks, the indigenous population, which rules on laws affecting the indigenous population; New Caledonia holds two seats in the French Senate; elections last held on 21 September 2008 (next to be held not later than September 2014); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 2; New Caledonia also elects two seats to the French National Assembly; elections last held on 17 June 2012 (next to be held by June 2017); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 2

National anthem(s) (National anthem) [time series]

name: "Soyons unis, devenons freres" (Let Us Be United, Let Us Become Brothers) lyrics/music: Chorale Melodia (a local choir) note: adopted 2008; the anthem contains a mixture of lyrics in both French and Nengone (an indigenous language); as a self-governing territory of France, in addition to the local anthem, "La Marseillaise" is official (see France)

National holiday [time series]

Fete de la Federation, 14 July (1789); note - the local holiday is New Caledonia Day, 24 September (1853)

National symbol(s) [time series]

kagu bird

Political parties (Political parties and leaders) [time series]

Build Our Rainbow Nation Caledonia Together [Philippe GOMES] Caledonian Union or UC [Daniel GOA] Front National or FN [Marine LE PEN] Future Together (l'Avenir Ensemble) [Harold MARTIN] Kanak Socialist Front for National Liberation or FLNKS (includes PALIKA, UNI, UC, and UPM) Labor Party (Labor Party) [Louis Kotra UREGEI] National Union for Independence (Union Nationale pour l'Independance) or UNI Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA [Paul NEAOUTYINE] Progressive Melanesian Union (Union Progressiste Mellanesienne) or UPM Socialist Group [Jean Pierre BEL] Socialist Kanak Liberation or LKS [Nidoish NAISSELINE] The Future Together or AE [Harold MARTIN] The Rally or UMP [Pierre GROGIER] Union for Caledonia in France Union of Pro-Independence Co-operation Committees [Francois BURCK]

Political parties (Political pressure groups and leaders) [time series]

Suffrage [time series]

18 years of age; universal

Introduction

Background [time series]

Settled by both Britain and France during the first half of the 19th century, the island became a French possession in 1853. It served as a penal colony for four decades after 1864. Agitation for independence during the 1980s and early 1990s ended in the 1998 Noumea Accord, which over a period of 15 to 20 years will transfer an increasing amount of governing responsibility from France to New Caledonia. The agreement also commits France to conduct a referendum between 2014 and 2018 to decide whether New Caledonia should assume full sovereignty and independence.

Military

Manpower available for military service [time series]

males age 16-49: 68,219 (2010 est.)

Manpower fit for military service [time series]

males age 16-49: 56,233 females age 16-49: 55,983 (2010 est.)

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually [time series]

male: 2,272 female: 2,167 (2010 est.)

Military - note [time series]

defense is the responsibility of France

Military and security forces (Military branches) [time series]

no regular military forces; French military, police, and gendarmerie (2012)

People and Society

Age structure [time series]

0-14 years: 23.6% (male 32,311/female 30,926) 15-24 years: 17% (male 23,218/female 22,260) 25-54 years: 42.8% (male 57,646/female 56,939) 55-64 years: 8.1% (male 10,698/female 11,128) 65 years and over: 8.2% (male 10,135/female 12,579) (2014 est.)

Birth rate [time series]

15.57 births/1,000 population (2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 128

Death rate [time series]

5.45 deaths/1,000 population (2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 176

Dependency ratios [time series]

total dependency ratio: 48.1 % youth dependency ratio: 33.2 % elderly dependency ratio: 14.9 % potential support ratio: 6.7 (2014 est.)

Drinking water source [time series]

improved: urban: 98.5% of population rural: 98.5% of population total: 98.5% of population unimproved: urban: 1.5% of population rural: 1.5% of population total: 1.5% of population (2012 est.)

Ethnic groups [time series]

Kanak 40.3%, European 29.2%, Wallisian, Futunian 8.7%, Tahitian 2%, Indonesian 1.6%, Vietnamese 1%, Ni-Vanuatu 0.9%, other 16.2% (2009 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate [time series]

HIV/AIDS - deaths [time series]

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS [time series]

Infant mortality rate [time series]

total: 5.46 deaths/1,000 live births country comparison to the world: 177 male: 6.43 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.43 deaths/1,000 live births (2014 est.)

Languages [time series]

French (official), 33 Melanesian-Polynesian dialects

Life expectancy at birth [time series]

total population: 77.31 years country comparison to the world: 68 male: 73.29 years female: 81.54 years (2014 est.)

Literacy [time series]

definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 96.2% male: 96.8% female: 95.5% (1996 census)

Major urban areas - population [time series]

NOUMEA (capital) 157,000 (2011)

Median age [time series]

total: 31.1 years male: 30.4 years female: 31.7 years (2014 est.)

Nationality [time series]

noun: New Caledonian(s) adjective: New Caledonian

Net migration rate [time series]

4.06 migrant(s)/1,000 population country comparison to the world: 31 note: there has been steady emigration from Wallis and Futuna to New Caledonia (2014 est.)

Population [time series]

267,840 (July 2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 183

Population growth rate [time series]

1.42% (2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 85

Religions [time series]

Roman Catholic 60%, Protestant 30%, other 10%

Sanitation facility access [time series]

improved: urban: 100% of population rural: 100% of population total: 100% of population unimproved: urban: 0% of population rural: 0% of population total: 0% of population (2012 est.)

Sex ratio [time series]

at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.81 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2014 est.)

Total fertility rate [time series]

1.99 children born/woman (2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 127

Urbanization [time series]

urban population: 61.7% of total population (2011) rate of urbanization: 1.24% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

Transnational Issues

Disputes - international [time series]

Matthew and Hunter Islands east of New Caledonia claimed by France and Vanuatu

Transportation

Airports [time series]

25 (2013) country comparison to the world: 128

Airports - with paved runways [time series]

total: 12 over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 10 under 914 m: 1 (2013)

Airports - with unpaved runways [time series]

total: 13 914 to 1,523 m: 5 under 914 m: 8 (2013)

Heliports [time series]

8 (2013)

Merchant marine [time series]

registered in other countries: 3 (France 3) (2010) country comparison to the world: 135

Ports (Ports and terminals) [time series]

major seaport(s): Noumea

Roadways [time series]

total: 5,622 km (2006) country comparison to the world: 151