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Communications

Internet users (Internet Service Providers (ISPs)) [time series]

11 (2000)

Internet country code [time series]

.si

Internet users [time series]

600,000 (2001)

Broadcast media (Radio broadcast stations) [time series]

AM 17, FM 160, shortwave 0 (1998)

Telecommunication systems (Telephone system) [time series]

general assessment: NA domestic: 100% digital (2000) international: NA

Telephones - fixed lines (Telephones - main lines in use) [time series]

722,000 (1997)

Telephones - mobile cellular [time series]

1 million (2000)

Broadcast media (Television broadcast stations) [time series]

48 (2001)

Economy

Agricultural products (Agriculture - products) [time series]

potatoes, hops, wheat, sugar beets, corn, grapes; cattle, sheep, poultry

Budget [time series]

revenues: $8.11 billion expenditures: $8.32 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997 est.)

Exchange rates (Currency) [time series]

tolar (SIT)

Exchange rates (Currency code) [time series]

SIT

Debt - external [time series]

$7.9 billion (2001)

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income (Distribution of family income - Gini index) [time series]

28.4 (1998)

Economic aid (Economic aid - recipient) [time series]

ODA, $62 million (2000 est.)

Economic overview (Economy - overview) [time series]

Slovenia, with its historical ties to Western Europe, enjoys a GDP per capita substantially higher than that of the other transitioning economies of Central Europe. Privatization of the economy proceeded at an accelerated pace in 2002-3, and the budget deficit dropped from 3.0% of GDP in 2002 to 1.9% in 2003. Despite the economic slowdown in Europe in 2001-03, Slovenia maintained 3% growth. Structural reforms to improve the business environment allow for greater foreign participation in Slovenia's economy and help to lower unemployment. Further measures to curb inflation are also needed. Corruption and the high degree of coordination between government, business, and central bank policy are issues of concern in the run-up to Slovenia's scheduled 1 May 2004 accession to the European Union.

Electricity - consumption [time series]

13.83 billion kWh (2001)

Electricity - exports [time series]

3 billion kWh (2001)

Electricity - imports [time series]

4.1 billion kWh (2001)

Electricity - production [time series]

13.69 billion kWh (2001)

Electricity - production by source [time series]

fossil fuel: 35.2% hydro: 27.3% other: 0.7% (2001) nuclear: 36.8%

Exchange rates [time series]

tolars per US dollar - 240.25 (2002), 242.75 (2001), 222.66 (2000), 181.77 (1999), 166.13 (1998)

Exports [time series]

$10.3 billion f.o.b. (2002)

Exports - commodities [time series]

manufactured goods, machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, food

Exports - partners [time series]

Germany 23.9%, Italy 12.7%, Austria 9.5%, Croatia 8%, France 7.4%, Bosnia and Herzegovina 4.4% (2002)

Fiscal year [time series]

calendar year

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) (GDP) [time series]

purchasing power parity - $37.06 billion (2002 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin (GDP - composition by sector) [time series]

agriculture: 3.2% industry: 36.3% services: 60.5% (2001 est.)

Real GDP per capita (GDP - per capita) [time series]

purchasing power parity - $19,200 (2002 est.)

Real GDP growth rate (GDP - real growth rate) [time series]

3.2% (2002 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share [time series]

lowest 10%: 3.9% highest 10%: 23% (1998)

Imports [time series]

$11.1 billion f.o.b. (2002)

Imports - commodities [time series]

machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, chemicals, fuels and lubricants, food

Imports - partners [time series]

Germany 20%, Italy 19%, Austria 11.3%, France 10.5% (2002)

Industrial production growth rate [time series]

2.4% (2002)

Industries [time series]

ferrous metallurgy and aluminum products, lead and zinc smelting, electronics (including military electronics), trucks, electric power equipment, wood products, textiles, chemicals, machine tools

Inflation rate (consumer prices) [time series]

7.4% (2002 est.)

Labor force [time series]

857,400

Labor force - by occupation [time series]

agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA%

Natural gas - consumption [time series]

1.04 billion cu m (2001 est.)

Natural gas - exports [time series]

0 cu m (2001 est.)

Natural gas - imports [time series]

1.04 billion cu m (2001 est.)

Natural gas - production [time series]

0 cu m (2001 est.)

Oil - consumption [time series]

53,300 bbl/day (2001 est.)

Oil - exports [time series]

NA (2001)

Oil - imports [time series]

NA (2001)

Oil - production [time series]

20 bbl/day NA bbl/day (2001 est.)

Population below poverty line [time series]

NA%

Unemployment rate [time series]

11% (2002 est.)

Geography

Area [time series]

total: 20,273 sq km water: 122 sq km land: 20,151 sq km

Area - comparative [time series]

slightly smaller than New Jersey

Climate [time series]

Mediterranean climate on the coast, continental climate with mild to hot summers and cold winters in the plateaus and valleys to the east

Coastline [time series]

46.6 km

Elevation (Elevation extremes) [time series]

lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m highest point: Triglav 2,864 m

Environment - current issues [time series]

Sava River polluted with domestic and industrial waste; pollution of coastal waters with heavy metals and toxic chemicals; forest damage near Koper from air pollution (originating at metallurgical and chemical plants) and resulting acid rain

International environmental agreements (Environment - international agreements) [time series]

party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol

Geographic coordinates [time series]

46 07 N, 14 49 E

Geography - note [time series]

despite its small size, this eastern Alpine country controls some of Europe's major transit routes

Irrigated land [time series]

20 sq km (1998 est.)

Land boundaries [time series]

total: 1,334 km border countries: Austria 330 km, Croatia 670 km, Italy 232 km, Hungary 102 km

Land use [time series]

arable land: 11.48% permanent crops: 2.68% other: 85.84% (1998 est.)

Location [time series]

Central Europe, eastern Alps bordering the Adriatic Sea, between Austria and Croatia

Map references [time series]

Europe

Maritime claims [time series]

Natural hazards [time series]

flooding and earthquakes

Natural resources [time series]

lignite coal, lead, zinc, mercury, uranium, silver, hydropower, forests

Terrain [time series]

a short coastal strip on the Adriatic, an alpine mountain region adjacent to Italy and Austria, mixed mountains and valleys with numerous rivers to the east

Government

Administrative divisions [time series]

182 municipalities (obcine, singular - obcina) and 11 urban municipalities* (mestne obcine , singular - mestna obcina ) Ajdovscina, Beltinci, Benedikt, Bistrica ob Sotli, Bled, Bloke, Bohinj, Borovnica, Bovec, Braslovce, Brda, Brezice, Brezovica, Cankova, Celje*, Cerklje na Gorenjskem, Cerknica, Cerkno, Cerkvenjak, Crensovci, Crna na Koroskem, Crnomelj, Destrnik, Divaca, Dobje, Dobrepolje, Dobrna, Dobrova-Horjul-Polhov Gradec, Dobrovnik-Dobronak, Dolenjske Toplice, Dol pri Ljubljani, Domzale, Dornava, Dravograd, Duplek, Gorenja Vas-Poljane, Gorisnica, Gornja Radgona, Gornji Grad, Gornji Petrovci, Grad, Grosuplje, Hajdina, Hoce-Slivnica, Hodos-Hodos, Horjul, Hrastnik, Hrpelje-Kozina, Idrija, Ig, Ilirska Bistrica, Ivancna Gorica, Izola-Isola, Jesenice, Jezersko, Jursinci, Kamnik, Kanal, Kidricevo, Kobarid, Kobilje, Kocevje, Komen, Komenda, Koper-Capodistria*, Kostel, Kozje, Kranj*, Kranjska Gora, Krizevci, Krsko, Kungota, Kuzma, Lasko, Lenart, Lendava-Lendva, Litija, Ljubljana*, Ljubno, Ljutomer, Logatec, Loska Dolina, Loski Potok, Lovrenc na Pohorju, Luce, Lukovica, Majsperk, Maribor*, Markovci, Medvode, Menges, Metlika, Mezica, Miklavz na Dravskem Polju, Miren-Kostanjevica, Mirna Pec, Mislinja, Moravce, Moravske Toplice, Mozirje, Murska Sobota*, Muta, Naklo, Nazarje, Nova Gorica*, Novo Mesto*, Odranci, Oplotnica, Ormoz, Osilnica, Pesnica, Piran-Pirano, Pivka, Podcetrtek, Podlehnik, Podvelka, Polzela, Postojna, Prebold, Preddvor, Prevalje, Ptuj*, Puconci, Race-Fram, Radece, Radenci, Radlje ob Dravi, Radovljica, Ravne na Koroskem, Razkrizje, Ribnica, Ribnica na Pohorju, Rogasovci, Rogaska Slatina, Rogatec, Ruse, Salovci, Selnica ob Dravi, Semic, Sempeter-Vrtojba, Sencur, Sentilj, Sentjernej, Sentjur pri Celju, Sevnica, Sezana, Skocjan, Skofja Loka, Skofljica, Slovenj Gradec*, Slovenska Bistrica, Slovenske Konjice, Smarje pri Jelsah, Smartno ob Paki, Smartno pri Litiji, Sodrazica, Solcava, Sostanj, Starse, Store, Sveta Ana, Sveti Andraz v Slovenskih Goricah, Sveti Jurij, Tabor, Tisina, Tolmin, Trbovlje, Trebnje, Trnovska Vas, Trzic, Trzin, Turnisce, Velenje*, Velika Polana, Velike Lasce, Verzej, Videm, Vipava, Vitanje, Vodice, Vojnik, Vransko, Vrhnika, Vuzenica, Zagorje ob Savi, Zalec, Zavrc, Zelezniki, Zetale, Ziri, Zirovnica, Zuzemberk, Zrece note: there may be 45 more municipalities

Capital [time series]

Ljubljana

Constitution [time series]

adopted 23 December 1991, effective 23 December 1991

Country name [time series]

conventional long form: Republic of Slovenia conventional short form: Slovenia local short form: Slovenija local long form: Republika Slovenija

Diplomatic representation from the US [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador Johnny YOUNG embassy: Presernova 31, 1000 Ljubljana mailing address: American Embassy Ljubljana, Department of State, 7140 Ljubljana Place, Washington, DC 20521-7140 telephone: [386] (1) 200-5500 FAX: [386] (1) 200-5555

Diplomatic representation in the US [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador Davorin KRACUN FAX: [1] (202) 667-4563 consulate(s) general: New York and Cleveland telephone: [1] (202) 667-5363 chancery: 1525 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036

Executive branch [time series]

chief of state: President Janez DRNOVSEK (since 22 December 2002) head of government: Prime Minister Anton ROP (since 11 December 2002) cabinet: Council of Ministers nominated by the prime minister and elected by the National Assembly election results: Janez DRNOVSEK elected president; percent of vote - Janez DRNOVSEK 56.5%, Barbara BREZIGAR 43.5%; Anton ROP elected prime minister; National Assembly vote - 63 to 24 elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 10 November and 1 December 2002 (next to be held in the fall of 2007); following National Assembly elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of a majority coalition is usually nominated to become prime minister by the president and elected by the National Assembly; election last held 6 December 2002 (next National Assembly elections to be held NA October 2004)

Flag (Flag description) [time series]

three equal horizontal bands of white (top), blue, and red, with the Slovenian seal (a shield with the image of Triglav, Slovenia's highest peak, in white against a blue background at the center; beneath it are two wavy blue lines depicting seas and rivers, and above it are three six-pointed stars arranged in an inverted triangle, which are taken from the coat of arms of the Counts of Celje, the great Slovene dynastic house of the late 14th and early 15th centuries); the seal is located in the upper hoist side of the flag centered in the white and blue bands

Government type [time series]

parliamentary democratic republic

Independence [time series]

25 June 1991 (from Yugoslavia)

International organization participation [time series]

ABEDA, ACCT (observer), BIS, CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, EU (applicant), FAO, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, NAM (guest), NSG, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIK, UNTSO, UPU, WCO, WEU (associate partner), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO, ZC

Judicial branch [time series]

Supreme Court (judges are elected by the National Assembly on the recommendation of the Judicial Council); Constitutional Court (judges elected for nine-year terms by the National Assembly and nominated by the president)

Legal system [time series]

based on civil law system

Legislative branch [time series]

unicameral National Assembly or Drzavni Zbor (90 seats, 40 are directly elected and 50 are selected on a proportional basis; note - the numbers of directly elected and proportionally elected seats varies with each election; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) election results: percent of vote by party - LDS 36%, SDS 16%, ZLSD 12%, SLS/SKD 10%, NSi 9%, SMS 4%, SNS 4%, DeSUS 5%, other 4%; seats by party - LDS 34, SDS 13, ZLSD 11, SLS 10, NSi 8, SMS 4, SNS 4, DeSUS 4, Hungarian and Italian minorities 1 each note: the National Council or Drzavni Svet is an advisory body with limited legislative powers; it may propose laws and ask to review any National Assembly decisions; in the election of November 1997, 40 members were elected to represent local, professional, and socioeconomic interests elections: National Assembly - last held 15 October 2000 (next to be held NA October 2004)

National holiday [time series]

Independence Day/Statehood Day, 25 June (1991)

Political parties (Political parties and leaders) [time series]

Democratic Party of Retired (Persons) of Slovenia or DeSUS [Anton ROUS]; Liberal Democratic or LDS [Anton ROP]; New Slovenia or NSi [Andrej BAJUK]; Slovene National Party or SNS [Zmago JELINCIC]; Slovene People's Party or SLS [Franc BUT]; Slovene Youth Party or SMS [Dominic CERNJAK]; Social Democratic Party of Slovenia or SDS [Janez JANSA]; United List of Social Democrats or ZLSD [Borut PAHOR]

Political parties (Political pressure groups and leaders) [time series]

Suffrage [time series]

18 years of age; universal (16 years of age, if employed)

Introduction

Background [time series]

The Slovene lands were part of the Holy Roman Empire and Austria until 1918 when the Slovenes joined the Serbs and Croats in forming a new nation, renamed Yugoslavia in 1929. After World War II, Slovenia became a republic of the renewed Yugoslavia, which though Communist, distanced itself from Moscow's rule. Dissatisfied with the exercise of power of the majority Serbs, the Slovenes succeeded in establishing their independence in 1991 after a short 10-day war. Historical ties to Western Europe, a strong economy, and a stable democracy have assisted in Slovenia's transformation to a modern state. In December 2002, Slovenia received an invitation to join NATO, and it is scheduled to accede to the EU along with nine other states on 1 May 2004. In a March 2003 referendum on NATO and EU membership, Slovenes voted 90% in favor of joining the EU and 66% in favor of joining NATO.

Military

Military and security forces (Military branches) [time series]

Slovenian Army (includes Air and Naval Forces)

Military expenditures - dollar figure [time series]

$370 million (FY00)

Military expenditures (Military expenditures - percent of GDP) [time series]

1.7% (FY00)

Military manpower - availability [time series]

males age 15-49: 520,037 (2003 est.)

Military manpower - fit for military service [time series]

males age 15-49: 413,453 (2003 est.)

Military manpower - military age [time series]

19 years of age (2003 est.)

Military manpower - reaching military age annually [time series]

males: 13,704 (2003 est.)

People

Age structure [time series]

0-14 years: 15.3% (male 152,341; female 144,189) 15-64 years: 70% (male 687,939; female 666,194) 65 years and over: 14.7% (male 105,837; female 179,177) (2003 est.)

Birth rate [time series]

9.23 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Death rate [time series]

10.15 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Ethnic groups [time series]

Slovene 88%, Croat 3%, Serb 2%, Bosniak 1%, Yugoslav 0.6%, Hungarian 0.4%, other 5% (1991)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate [time series]

less than 0.1% (2001 est.)

HIV/AIDS - deaths [time series]

less than 100 (2001 est.)

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS [time series]

280 (2001 est.)

Infant mortality rate [time series]

total: 4.42 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.26 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.) male: 5.53 deaths/1,000 live births

Languages [time series]

Slovenian 91%, Serbo-Croatian 6%, other 3%

Life expectancy at birth [time series]

total population: 75.51 years male: 71.65 years female: 79.58 years (2003 est.)

Literacy [time series]

definition: NA total population: 99.7% male: 99.7% female: 99.6% (2003 est.)

Median age [time series]

total: 38.6 years male: 37.1 years female: 40.2 years (2002)

Nationality [time series]

noun: Slovene(s) adjective: Slovenian

Net migration rate [time series]

2.34 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Population [time series]

1,935,677 (July 2003 est.)

Population growth rate [time series]

0.14% (2003 est.)

Religions [time series]

Roman Catholic (Uniate 2%) 70.8%, Lutheran 1%, Muslim 1%, atheist 4.3%, other 22.9%

Sex ratio [time series]

at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.59 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2003 est.)

Total fertility rate [time series]

1.27 children born/woman (2003 est.)

Transnational Issues

Disputes - international [time series]

parliamentarians are far from ratifying the Croatia-Slovenia land and maritime boundary agreement, which would have ceded most of Piran Bay and maritime access to Slovenia and several villages to Croatia

Illicit drugs [time series]

minor transit point for cocaine and Southwest Asian heroin bound for Western Europe, and for precursor chemicals

Transportation

Airports [time series]

16 (2002)

Airports - with paved runways [time series]

total: 6 over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 1 (2002)

Airports - with unpaved runways [time series]

total: 10 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 5 (2002)

Roadways (Highways) [time series]

total: 20,177 km paved: 20,157 km (including 427 km of expressways) unpaved: 20 km (2000)

Pipelines [time series]

gas 2,526 km; oil 11 km (2003)

Ports (Ports and harbors) [time series]

Izola, Koper, Piran

Railways [time series]

total: 1,201 km standard gauge: 1,201 km 1.435-m gauge (499 km electrified) (2002)

Waterways [time series]