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Communications

Broadcast media (Radio broadcast stations) [time series]

AM 6, FM 5, shortwave 0 note: there are more than 20 regional and local radio broadcast stations

Radios [time series]

596,100 (1993 est.)

Telecommunication systems (Telephone system) [time series]

domestic: NA international: NA

Telephones - fixed lines (Telephones) [time series]

527,800 (1993 est.)

Broadcast media (Television broadcast stations) [time series]

7 note: there are more than 20 local cable television broadcast stations

Televisions [time series]

454,400 (1993 est.)

Economy

Agricultural products (Agriculture - products) [time series]

potatoes, hops, wheat, sugar beets, corn, grapes; cattle, sheep, poultry

Budget [time series]

revenues : $8.48 billion expenditures: $8.53 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1996 est.)

Exchange rates (Currency) [time series]

1 tolar (SlT) = 100 stotins

Debt - external [time series]

$4.3 billion (1996 est.)

Economic aid [time series]

recipient: ODA, $5 million (1993)

Economic overview (Economy - overview) [time series]

Slovenia appears to be making a solid economic recovery, fulfilling the promise it showed at the time of Yugoslavia's breakup. Its per capita GDP is now the highest in Central and Eastern Europe and comparable to the levels in the poorer West European countries. Slovenia has benefited from strong ties to Western Europe and suffered comparatively small physical damage during Yugoslavia's breakup. The beginning was difficult, however. Real GDP fell 15% in 1991-92, while inflation soared to 200% in 1992. The turning point came in 1993, when real GDP grew 1%, unemployment leveled off, and inflation slowed dramatically. In 1994, real GDP rose 5.5%, tapering off to an estimated 3.5% in 1995 and an estimated 3% in 1996. The government gets good marks from foreign observers for fiscal policy - the budget deficit has not exceeded 1% of GDP in any year since 1991, and the current account balance has remained in surplus throughout the transition period, with the exception of 1995-96. The Slovene privatization program, which began in 1994, involves about 1,400 firms, but less than half have been privatized. Growth in the near term depends largely on economic revitalization in Western Europe which buys 70% of Slovenia's exports. Slovenia itself must press on with privatization, restructuring, the encouragement of foreign investment, and the maintenance of a stable tolar.

Electricity - capacity [time series]

2.361 million kW (1994)

Electricity - consumption per capita [time series]

5,362 kWh (1995 est.)

Electricity - production [time series]

12 billion kWh (1994)

Exchange rates [time series]

tolars (SlT) per US$1 - 141.15 (December 1996), 135.36 (1996), 118.52 (1995), 128.81 (1994), 113.24 (1993), 81.29 (1992)

Exports [time series]

total value: $8.3 billion (f.o.b., 1996) commodities : machinery and transport equipment 31.4%, manufactured goods 50.7%, chemicals 10.5%, food 3.8% (1995) partners: Germany 28.9%, former Yugoslavia 16.5%, Italy 13.6%, France 8.6%, Austria 6.4%, US 3.3% (January-July 1996 est.)

Fiscal year [time series]

calendar year

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) (GDP) [time series]

purchasing power parity - $24 billion (1996 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin (GDP - composition by sector) [time series]

agriculture: 4.8% industry: 33.2% services : 62% (1996)

Real GDP per capita (GDP - per capita) [time series]

purchasing power parity - $12,300 (1996 est.)

Real GDP growth rate (GDP - real growth rate) [time series]

3% (1996 est.)

Imports [time series]

total value : $9.5 billion (f.o.b., 1996) commodities: machinery and transport equipment 33.8%, manufactured goods 30.4%, chemicals 12.1%, fuels and lubricants 6.6%, food 8.4% (1995) partners: Germany 22.3%, Italy 17.1%, former Yugoslavia 7.4%, France 9.2%, Austria 9.1%, US 3.2% (January-July 1996 est.)

Industrial production growth rate [time series]

-1% (1996 est.)

Industries [time series]

ferrous metallurgy and rolling mill products, aluminum reduction and rolled products, lead and zinc smelting, electronics (including military electronics), trucks, electric power equipment, wood products, textiles, chemicals, machine tools

Inflation rate (consumer prices) (Inflation rate - consumer price index) [time series]

8.8% (1996 est.)

Labor force [time series]

total : 857,400 by occupation: NA%

Unemployment rate [time series]

13% (1996 est.)

Geography

Area [time series]

total : 20,256 sq km land: 20,256 sq km water: 0 sq km

Area - comparative [time series]

slightly smaller than New Jersey

Climate [time series]

Mediterranean climate on the coast, continental climate with mild to hot summers and cold winters in the plateaus and valleys to the east

Coastline [time series]

46.6 km

Elevation (Elevation extremes) [time series]

lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m highest point: Triglav 2,864 m

Environment - current issues [time series]

Sava River polluted with domestic and industrial waste; pollution of coastal waters with heavy metals and toxic chemicals; forest damage near Koper from air pollution (originating at metallurgical and chemical plants) and resulting acid rain

International environmental agreements (Environment - international agreements) [time series]

party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Sulphur 94

Geographic coordinates [time series]

46 00 N, 15 00 E

Irrigated land [time series]

20 sq km (1993 est.)

Land boundaries [time series]

total: 1,334 km border countries: Austria 330 km, Croatia 670 km, Italy 232 km, Hungary 102 km

Land use [time series]

arable land: 12% permanent crops : 3% permanent pastures: 28% forests and woodland: 51% other: 6% (1993 est.)

Location [time series]

Southeastern Europe, eastern Alps bordering the Adriatic Sea, between Austria and Croatia

Map references [time series]

Europe

Maritime claims [time series]

Natural hazards [time series]

flooding and earthquakes

Natural resources [time series]

lignite coal, lead, zinc, mercury, uranium, silver

Terrain [time series]

a short coastal strip on the Adriatic, an alpine mountain region adjacent to Italy, mixed mountain and valleys with numerous rivers to the east

Government

Administrative divisions [time series]

136 municipalities (obcine, singular - obcina) and 11 urban municipalities* (obcine mestne, singular - obcina mestna) Ajdovscina, Beltinci, Bled, Bohinj, Borovnica, Bovec, Brda, Brezice, Brezovica, Cankova-Tisina, Celje*, Cerklje na Gorenjskem, Cerknica, Cerkno, Crensovci, Crna na Koroskem, Crnomelj, Destrnik-Trnovska Vas, Divaca, Dobrepolje, Dobrova-Horjul-Polhov Gradec, Dol pri Ljubljani, Domzale, Dornava, Dravograd, Duplek, Gorenja Vas-Poljane, Gorisnica, Gornja Radgona, Gornji Grad, Gornji Petrovci, Grosuplje, Hodos Salovci, Hrastnik, Hrpelje-Kozina, Idrija, Ig, Ilirska Bistrica, Ivancna Gorica, Izola, Jesenice, Jursinci, Kamnik, Kanal, Kidricevo, Kobarid, Kobilje, Kocevje, Komen, Koper*, Kozje, Kranj*, Kranjska Gora, Krsko, Kungota, Kuzma, Lasko, Lenart, Lendava, Litija, Ljubljana*, Ljubno, Ljutomer, Logatec, Loska Dolina, Loski Potok, Luce, Lukovica, Majsperk, Maribor*, Medvode, Menges, Metlika, Mezica, Miren-Kostanjevica, Mislinja, Moravce, Moravske Toplice, Mozirje, Murska Sobota*, Muta, Naklo, Nazarje, Nova Gorica*, Novo Mesto*, Odranci, Ormoz, Osilnica, Pesnica, Piran, Pivka, Podcetrtek, Podvelka-Ribnica, Postojna, Preddvor, Ptuj*, Puconci, Race-Fram, Radece, Radenci, Radlje ob Dravi, Radovljica, Ravne-Prevalje, Ribnica, Rogasevci, Rogaska Slatina, Rogatec, Ruse, Semic, Sencur, Sentilj, Sentjernej, Sentjur pri Celju, Sevnica, Sezana, Skocjan, Skofja Loka, Skofljica, Slovenj Gradec*, Slovenska Bistrica, Slovenske Konjice, Smarje pri Jelsah, Smartno ob Paki, Sostanj, Starse Store, Sveti Jurij, Tolmin, Trbovlje, Trebnje, Trzic, Turnisce, Velenje*, Velike Lasce, Videm, Vipava, Vitanje, Vodice Vojnik, Vrhnika, Vuzenica, Zagorje ob Savi, Zalec, Zavrc, Zelezniki, Ziri, Zrece

Constitution [time series]

adopted 23 December 1991, effective 23 December 1991

Country name [time series]

conventional long form: Republic of Slovenia conventional short form : Slovenia local long form: Republika Slovenije local short form: Slovenija

Data code [time series]

Diplomatic representation from the US [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador Victor JACKOVICH embassy: address NA, Ljubljana mailing address: P.O. Box 254, Prazakova 4, 61000 Ljubljana; American Embassy, Ljubljana, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-7140 telephone : [386] (61) 301-427, 472, 485

Diplomatic representation in the US [time series]

chief of mission : Ambassador Ernest PETRIC chancery: 1525 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 667-5363

Executive branch [time series]

chief of state: President Milan KUCAN (since 22 April 1990) head of government: Prime Minister Janez DRNOVSEK (since 14 May 1992) cabinet: Council of Ministers nominated by the prime minister and elected by the National Assembly elections : president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 6 December 1992 (next to be held NA 1997); following National Assembly elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of a majority coalition is usually nominated to become prime minister by the president and elected by the National Assembly; election last held NA November 1996 (next to be held NA November 2000) election results: Milan KUCAN elected president; percent of vote - 63.9%; Janez DRNOVSEK elected prime minister; percent of National Assembly vote - 51%

Diplomatic representation in the US (FAX) [time series]

[1] (202) 667-4563 consulate(s) general: New York

Diplomatic representation in the US (FAX) [time series]

[386] (61) 301-401

Flag (Flag description) [time series]

three equal horizontal bands of white (top), blue, and red with the Slovenian seal (a shield with the image of Triglav, Slovenia's highest peak, in white against a blue background at the center, beneath it are two wavy blue lines depicting seas and rivers, and above it, there are three six-sided stars arranged in an inverted triangle which are taken from the coat of arms of the Counts of Celje, the great Slovene dynastic house of the late 14th and early 15th centuries); the seal is located in the upper hoist side of the flag centered in the white and blue bands

Government type [time series]

emerging democracy

Independence [time series]

25 June 1991 (from Yugoslavia)

International organization participation [time series]

CCC, CE, CEI, EBRD, ECE, FAO, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, NACC (observer), NAM (guest), OSCE, PCA, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WEU (associate partner), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO

Judicial branch [time series]

Supreme Court, judges are elected by the National Assembly on recommendation of the Judicial Council; Constitutional Court, judges elected for nine-year terms by the National Assembly and nominated by the president

Legal system [time series]

based on civil law system

Legislative branch [time series]

unicameral National Assembly or Drzavni Zbor (90 seats, 40 are directly elected and 50 are selected on a proportional basis; note - the numbers of directly elected and proportionally elected seats varies with each election; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections : National Assembly - last held 10 November 1996 (next to be held Fall 2000) election results: percent of vote by party - LDS 27.01%, SLS 19.38%, SDS 16.13%, SKD 9.62%, ZLDS 9.03%, DeSUS 4.32%, SNS 3.22%; seats by party - LDS 25, SLS 19, SDS 16, SKD 10, ZLSD 9, DeSUS 5, SNS 4, Hungarian minority 1, Italian minority 1; note - seating as of January 1997 is as follows: LDS 25, SLS 19, SDS 16, SKD 9, ZLSD 9, DeSUS 5, SNS 4, Hungarian minority 1, Italian minority 1, independents 1 note: the National Council or Drzavni Svet is an advisory body with limited legislative powers; it may propose laws and ask to review any National Assembly decisions; in the election of 6 December 1992, 40 members were elected to represent local, professional, and socioeconomic interests (next election to be held in the fall of 1997)

Capital (National capital) [time series]

Ljubljana

National holiday [time series]

National Statehood Day, 25 June (1991)

Political parties (Political parties and leaders) [time series]

Liberal Democratic or LDS [Janez DRNOVSEK, chairman]; Slovene Christian Democrats or SKD [Lozje PETERLE, chairman]; Social Democratic Party of Slovenia or SDS [Janez JANSA, chairman]; Slovene People's Party or SLS [Marjan PODOBNIK, chairman]; United List (former Communists and allies) or ZLSD [Janez KOCIJANCIC, chairman]; Slovene National Party or SNS [Zmago JELINCIC, chairman]; Democratic Party of Retired (Persons) of Slovenia or DeSUS [Joze GLOBACNIK]

Political parties (Political pressure groups and leaders) [time series]

none

Suffrage [time series]

18 years of age; universal (16 years of age, if employed)

Military

Military and security forces (Military branches) [time series]

Slovene Defense Forces

Military expenditures - dollar figure [time series]

$298 million (1996)

Military expenditures (Military expenditures - percent of GDP) [time series]

1.5% to 1.7% (1996)

Military manpower - availability [time series]

males age 15-49 : 531,797 (1997 est.)

Military manpower - fit for military service [time series]

males: 423,918 (1997 est.)

Military manpower - military age [time series]

19 years of age

Military manpower - reaching military age annually [time series]

males: 15,572 (1997 est.)

People

Age structure [time series]

0-14 years: 17% (male 173,932; female 165,167) 15-64 years : 70% (male 690,309; female 686,440) 65 years and over: 13% (male 92,926; female 164,322) (July 1997 est.)

Birth rate [time series]

8.91 births/1,000 population (1997 est.)

Death rate [time series]

9.54 deaths/1,000 population (1997 est.)

Ethnic groups [time series]

Slovene 91%, Croat 3%, Serb 2%, Muslim 1%, other 3%

Infant mortality rate [time series]

5.4 deaths/1,000 live births (1997 est.)

Languages [time series]

Slovenian 91%, Serbo-Croatian 6%, other 3%

Life expectancy at birth [time series]

total population: 74.93 years male: 71.24 years female: 78.84 years (1997 est.)

Literacy [time series]

definition: NA total population : 99% male: NA% female: NA%

Nationality [time series]

noun: Slovene(s) adjective: Slovenian

Net migration rate [time series]

0.02 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1997 est.)

Population [time series]

1,973,096 (July 1997 est.)

Population growth rate [time series]

-0.06% (1997 est.)

Religions [time series]

Roman Catholic 70.8% (including 2% Uniate), Lutheran 1%, Muslim 1%, other 27.2%

Sex ratio [time series]

at birth : 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years : 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.57 male(s)/female total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (1997 est.)

Total fertility rate [time series]

1.22 children born/woman (1997 est.)

Transnational Issues

Disputes - international [time series]

maritime border dispute with Croatia over direct access to the sea in the Adriatic; the border issue is currently under negotiation; Italy is negotiating with Slovenia over property and minority rights issues dating from World War II

Illicit drugs [time series]

transit point for Southwest Asian heroin bound for Western Europe and for precursor chemicals SOLOMON ISLANDS

Transportation

Airports [time series]

14 (1996 est.)

Airports - with paved runways [time series]

total: 10 over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m : 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 5 (1996 est.)

Airports - with unpaved runways [time series]

total : 4 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 2 (1996 est.)

Roadways (Highways) [time series]

total: 14,760 km paved: 11,808 km (including 218 km of expressways) unpaved: 2,952 km (1995 est.)

Merchant marine [time series]

total: 14 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 217,629 GRT/389,779 DWT (controlled by Slovenian owners) ships by type : bulk 9, cargo 5 note: ships operate under the flags of Antigua and Barbuda, Liberia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and Singapore; no ships remain under the Slovenian flag (1996 est.)

Pipelines [time series]

crude oil 290 km; natural gas 305 km

Ports (Ports and harbors) [time series]

Izola, Koper, Piran

Railways [time series]

total : 1,201 km standard gauge: 1,201 km 1.435-m gauge (electrified 499 km) (1994)

Waterways [time series]