ARCHIVE // PT // 2015

Portugal

2015 Edition — sovereign

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Communications
Broadcast media [time series]
Radio e Televisao de Portugal (RTP), the publicly owned TV broadcaster, operates 2 domestic channels and external service channels to Africa; overall, roughly 40 domestic TV stations; viewers have widespread access to international broadcasters with more than half of all households connected to multi-channel cable or satellite TV systems; publicly owned radio operates 3 national networks and provides regional and external services; several privately owned national radio stations and some 300 regional and local commercial radio stations (2008)
Internet country code [time series]
.pt
Internet users [time series]
total: 7.2 million | percent of population: 66.1% (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 52
Broadcast media (Radio broadcast stations) [time series]
AM 2, FM 63, shortwave 1 (2008)
Telecommunication systems (Telephone system) [time series]
general assessment: Portugal's telephone system has a state-of-the-art network with broadband, high-speed capabilities | domestic: integrated network of coaxial cables, open-wire, microwave radio relay, and domestic satellite earth stations | international: country code - 351; a combination of submarine cables provide connectivity to Europe, North and East Africa, South Africa, the Middle East, Asia, and the US; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean), NA Eutelsat; tropospheric scatter to Azores (2010)
Telephones - fixed lines [time series]
total subscriptions: 4.59 million | subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 42 (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 34
Telephones - mobile cellular [time series]
total: 11.9 million | subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 110 (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 76
Broadcast media (Television broadcast stations) [time series]
42 (2008)
Economy
Agricultural products (Agriculture - products) [time series]
grain, potatoes, tomatoes, olives, grapes; sheep, cattle, goats, pigs, poultry, dairy products; fish
Budget [time series]
revenues: $99.6 billion | expenditures: $110.7 billion (2014 est.)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) [time series]
-4.8% of GDP (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 161
Central bank discount rate [time series]
0.05% (31 December 2014) | 0.25% (31 December 2013) | note: this is the European Central Bank's rate on the marginal lending facility, which offers overnight credit to banks in the euro area | country comparison to the world: 140
Commercial bank prime lending rate [time series]
5.08% (31 December 2014 est.) | 5.69% (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 145
Current account balance [time series]
$1.388 billion (2014 est.) | $2.404 billion (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 43
Debt - external [time series]
$508.3 billion (31 December 2012 est.) | $482.2 billion (31 December 2011) | country comparison to the world: 25
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income (Distribution of family income - Gini index) [time series]
34.2 (2013 est.) | 34.2 (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 94
Economic overview (Economy - overview) [time series]
Portugal has become a diversified and increasingly service-based economy since joining the European Community - the EU's predecessor - in 1986. Over the following two decades, successive governments privatized many state-controlled firms and liberalized key areas of the economy, including the financial and telecommunications sectors. The country joined the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) in 1999 and began circulating the euro on 1 January 2002 along with 11 other EU members. The economy grew by more than the EU average for much of the 1990s, but the rate of growth slowed in 2001-08. The economy contracted in 2009, and fell again from 2011 to 2014, as the government implemented spending cuts and tax increases to comply with conditions of an EU-IMF financial rescue package, signed in May 2011. A modest recovery began in 2013 and gathered steam in in 2014 due to strong export performance and a rebound in private consumption. Although austerity measures were instituted to reduce the large budget deficit, they contributed to record unemployment and a wave of emigration not seen since the 1960s. A continued reduction in private- and public-sector debt could weigh on consumption and investment in 2015, holding back a stronger recovery. The government of Pedro PASSOS COELHO has passed legislation aimed at reducing labor market rigidity, and, this, along with sustained fiscal discipline, could make Portugal more attractive to foreign direct investment. The government reduced the budget deficit from 11.2% of GDP in 2010 to 4.8% in 2014, a figure that is significantly higher than the EU-IMF target of 4%. The government has pledged to lower the deficit to under 3% of GDP in 2015 in order to comply with EU fiscal obligations, under the excessive deficit procedure. Legislative elections in 2015 could increase the risk of fiscal slippage and undermine investor confidence in Portugal’s economy, which has improved over the course of the EU-IMF program. EU-IMF financing expired in May 2014.
Exchange rates [time series]
euros (EUR) per US dollar - | 0.7489 (2014 est.) | 0.7634 (2013 est.) | 0.78 (2012 est.) | 0.7185 (2011 est.) | 0.755 (2010 est.)
Exports [time series]
$66.3 billion (2014 est.) | $62.98 billion (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 52
Exports - commodities [time series]
agricultural products, foodstuffs, wine, oil products, chemical products, plastics and rubber, hides, leather, wood and cork, wood pulp and paper, textile materials, clothing, footwear, machinery and tools, base metals
Exports - partners [time series]
Spain 23.7%, France 11.8%, Germany 11.8%, Angola 6.5%, UK 6.1%, US 4.2%, Netherlands 4% (2014)
Fiscal year [time series]
calendar year
GDP (official exchange rate) [time series]
$230 billion (2014 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) (GDP (purchasing power parity)) [time series]
$280.4 billion (2014 est.) | $277.9 billion (2013 est.) | $282.4 billion (2012 est.) | note: data are in 2014 US dollars | country comparison to the world: 55
GDP - composition, by end use [time series]
household consumption: 64.6% | government consumption: 19.1% | investment in fixed capital: 15% | investment in inventories: -0.1% | exports of goods and services: 39.6% | imports of goods and services: -38.2% | (2014 est.)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin [time series]
agriculture: 2.6% | industry: 22.4% | services: 75% (2014 est.)
Real GDP per capita (GDP - per capita (PPP)) [time series]
$27,000 (2014 est.) | $26,700 (2013 est.) | $27,200 (2012 est.) | note: data are in 2014 US dollars | country comparison to the world: 64
Real GDP growth rate (GDP - real growth rate) [time series]
0.9% (2014 est.) | -1.6% (2013 est.) | -4% (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 184
Gross national saving [time series]
15.5% of GDP (2014 est.) | 15% of GDP (2013 est.) | 14.1% of GDP (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 109
Household income or consumption by percentage share [time series]
lowest 10%: 3.1% | highest 10%: 28.4% (1995 est.)
Imports [time series]
$76.11 billion (2014 est.) | $72.63 billion (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 39
Imports - commodities [time series]
agricultural products, chemical products, vehicles and other transport material, optical and precision instruments, computer accessories and parts, semiconductors and related devices, oil products, base metals, food products, textile materials
Imports - partners [time series]
Spain 32.6%, Germany 12.4%, France 7.1%, Italy 5.3%, Netherlands 5.1% (2014)
Industrial production growth rate [time series]
-1.3% (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 126
Industries [time series]
textiles, clothing, footwear, wood and cork, paper and pulp, chemicals, lubricants, automobiles and auto parts, base metals, minerals, porcelain and ceramics, glassware, technology, telecommunications; dairy products, wine, other foodstuffs; ship construction and refurbishment; tourism, plastics, financial services, optics
Inflation rate (consumer prices) [time series]
-0.2% (2014 est.) | 0.3% (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 20
Labor force [time series]
5.226 million (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 74
Labor force - by occupation [time series]
agriculture: 8.6% | industry: 23.9% | services: 67.5% (2014 est.)
Market value of publicly traded shares [time series]
$126.8 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $57.04 billion (31 December 2013) | $65.53 billion (31 December 2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 49
Population below poverty line [time series]
18.7% (2012 est.)
Public debt [time series]
128.7% of GDP (2014 est.) | 128% of GDP (2013 est.) | note: data cover general government debt, and includes debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intra-governmental debt; intra-governmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions | country comparison to the world: 7
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold [time series]
$14.92 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $17.55 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 67
Stock of broad money [time series]
$296.1 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $316.2 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 34
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad [time series]
$99.55 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $99.55 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 30
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home [time series]
$152.5 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $146.2 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 33
Stock of domestic credit [time series]
$394 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $428.7 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 31
Stock of narrow money [time series]
$91.4 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $97.65 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | note: see entry for the European Union for money supply for the entire euro area; the European Central Bank (ECB) controls monetary policy for the 18 members of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU); individual members of the EMU do not control the quantity of money circulating within their own borders | country comparison to the world: 40
Taxes and other revenues [time series]
43.7% of GDP (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 29
Unemployment rate [time series]
13.9% (2014 est.) | 16.2% (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 141
Energy
Carbon dioxide emissions (Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy) [time series]
68.8 million Mt (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 50
Crude oil - exports [time series]
0 bbl/day (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 170
Crude oil - imports [time series]
233,600 bbl/day (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 30
Crude oil - production [time series]
0 bbl/day (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 94
Crude oil - proved reserves [time series]
538,100 bbl (1 January 2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 178
Electricity - consumption [time series]
46.25 billion kWh (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 49
Electricity - exports [time series]
5.324 billion kWh (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 42
Electricity - from fossil fuels [time series]
42.4% of total installed capacity (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 154
Electricity - from hydroelectric plants [time series]
28.2% of total installed capacity (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 84
Electricity - from nuclear fuels [time series]
0% of total installed capacity (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 164
Electricity - from other renewable sources [time series]
29.4% of total installed capacity (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 7
Electricity - imports [time series]
8.1 billion kWh (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 40
Electricity - installed generating capacity [time series]
19.62 million kW (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 41
Electricity - production [time series]
51.67 billion kWh (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 55
Natural gas - consumption [time series]
4.043 billion cu m (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 64
Natural gas - exports [time series]
0 cu m (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 163
Natural gas - imports [time series]
4.174 billion cu m (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 33
Natural gas - production [time series]
0 cu m (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 182
Natural gas - proved reserves [time series]
0 cu m (1 January 2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 184
Refined petroleum products - consumption [time series]
240,800 bbl/day (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 52
Refined petroleum products - exports [time series]
168,000 bbl/day (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 35
Refined petroleum products - imports [time series]
86,720 bbl/day (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 53
Refined petroleum products - production [time series]
239,900 bbl/day (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 50
Geography
Area [time series]
total: 92,090 sq km | land: 91,470 sq km | water: 620 sq km | note: includes Azores and Madeira Islands | country comparison to the world: 111
Area - comparative [time series]
slightly smaller than Indiana
Climate [time series]
maritime temperate; cool and rainy in north, warmer and drier in south
Coastline [time series]
1,793 km
Elevation (Elevation extremes) [time series]
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m | highest point: Ponta do Pico (Pico or Pico Alto) on Ilha do Pico in the Azores 2,351 m
Environment - current issues [time series]
soil erosion; air pollution caused by industrial and vehicle emissions; water pollution, especially in coastal areas
International environmental agreements (Environment - international agreements) [time series]
party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling | signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Environmental Modification
Total water withdrawal (Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)) [time series]
total: 8.46 cu km/yr (12%/18%/69%) | per capita: 812 cu m/yr (2005)
Geographic coordinates [time series]
39 30 N, 8 00 W
Geography - note [time series]
Azores and Madeira Islands occupy strategic locations along western sea approaches to Strait of Gibraltar
Irrigated land [time series]
5,837 sq km (2007)
Land boundaries [time series]
total: 1,224 km | border countries (1): Spain 1,224 km
Land use [time series]
agricultural land: 39.7% | arable land 11.9%; permanent crops 7.8%; permanent pasture 20% | forest: 37.8% | other: 22.5% (2011 est.)
Location [time series]
Southwestern Europe, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Spain
Map references [time series]
Europe
Maritime claims [time series]
territorial sea: 12 nm | contiguous zone: 24 nm | exclusive economic zone: 200 nm | continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
Natural hazards [time series]
Azores subject to severe earthquakes | volcanism: limited volcanic activity in the Azores Islands; Fayal or Faial (elev. 1,043 m) last erupted in 1958; most volcanoes have not erupted in centuries; historically active volcanoes include Agua de Pau, Furnas, Pico, Picos Volcanic System, San Jorge, Sete Cidades, and Terceira
Natural resources [time series]
fish, forests (cork), iron ore, copper, zinc, tin, tungsten, silver, gold, uranium, marble, clay, gypsum, salt, arable land, hydropower
Terrain [time series]
mountainous north of the Tagus River, rolling plains in south
Total renewable water resources [time series]
68.7 cu km (2011)
Government
Administrative divisions [time series]
18 districts (distritos, singular - distrito) and 2 autonomous regions* (regioes autonomas, singular - regiao autonoma); Aveiro, Acores (Azores)*, Beja, Braga, Braganca, Castelo Branco, Coimbra, Evora, Faro, Guarda, Leiria, Lisboa (Lisbon), Madeira*, Portalegre, Porto, Santarem, Setubal, Viana do Castelo, Vila Real, Viseu
Capital [time series]
name: Lisbon | geographic coordinates: 38 43 N, 9 08 W | time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) | daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Constitution [time series]
several previous; latest adopted 2 April 1976, effective 25 April 1976; amended several times, last in 2005 (2013)
Country name [time series]
conventional long form: Portuguese Republic | conventional short form: Portugal | local long form: Republica Portuguesa | local short form: Portugal
Diplomatic representation from the US [time series]
chief of mission: Ambassador Robert A. SHERMAN (since 30 May 2014) | embassy: Avenida das Forcas Armadas, 1600-081 Lisbon | mailing address: Apartado 43033, 1601-301 Lisboa; PSC 83, APO AE 09726 | telephone: [351] (21) 727-3300 | FAX: [351] (21) 726-9109 | consulate(s): Ponta Delgada (Azores)
Diplomatic representation in the US [time series]
chief of mission: Ambassador Nuno Filipe Alves Salvador e BRITO (since 10 February 2011) | chancery: 2012 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036 | telephone: [1] (202) 328-8610 | FAX: [1] (202) 462-3726 | consulate(s) general: Boston, New York, San Francisco | consulate(s): New Bedford (MA), Newark (NJ), Providence (RI)
Executive branch [time series]
chief of state: President Anibal CAVACO SILVA (since 9 March 2006) | head of government: Prime Minister Pedro Manuel PASSOS COELHO Mamede (since 21 June 2011) | cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister | elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 23 January 2011 (next to be held in January 2016); following legislative elections which must be held by October 2015, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the president | election results: Anibal CAVACO SILVA reelected president; percent of vote - Anibal CAVACO SILVA (PPD/PSD) 53%, Manuel ALEGRE (PS) 19.8%, Fernando NOBRE (independent) 14.1%, Francisco LOPES (independent) 7.1%, Manuel COELHO 4.5%, other 1.5% | note: there is also a Council of State that acts as a consultative body to the president
Flag (Flag description) [time series]
two vertical bands of green (hoist side, two-fifths) and red (three-fifths) with the national coat of arms (armillary sphere and Portuguese shield) centered on the dividing line; explanations for the color meanings are ambiguous, but a popular interpretation has green symbolizing hope and red the blood of those defending the nation
Government type [time series]
republic; parliamentary democracy
Independence [time series]
1143 (Kingdom of Portugal recognized); 5 October 1910 (republic proclaimed)
International law organization participation [time series]
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
International organization participation [time series]
ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Australia Group, BIS, CD, CE, CERN, CPLP, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAIA (observer), MIGA, MINUSMA, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club (associate), PCA, Schengen Convention, SELEC (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
Judicial branch [time series]
highest court(s): Supreme Court or Supremo Tribunal de Justica (consists of 12 justices); Constitutional Court or Tribunal Constitucional (consists of 13 judges) | judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court justices nominated by the president and appointed by the Assembly of the Republic; judges appointed for life; Constitutional Court judges - 10 elected by the Assembly and 3 elected by the other Constitutional Court judges; judges elected for 6-year non-renewable terms | subordinate courts: Supreme Administrative Court (Supremo Tribunal Administrativo); Audit Court (Tribunal de Contas); appellate, district, and municipal courts
Legal system [time series]
civil law system; Constitutional Court review of legislative acts
Legislative branch [time series]
description: unicameral Assembly of the Republic or Assembleia da Republica (230 seats; 226 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote and 4 members - 2 each in 2 constituencies representing Portuguese living abroad - directly elected by proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms) | elections: last held on 5 June 2011 (next to be held by October 2015) | election results: percent of vote by party - PPD/PSD 38%, PS 28%, CDS/PP 11%, PCP/PEV (see CDU) 7%, BE 5%, other 11%; seats by party - PPD/PSD 108, PS 74, CDS/PP 24, PCP/PEV (see CDU) 16, BE 8
National anthem(s) (National anthem) [time series]
name: "A Portugesa" (The Song of the Portuguese) | lyrics/music: Henrique LOPES DE MENDOCA/Alfredo KEIL | note: adopted 1910; "A Portuguesa" was originally written to protest the Portuguese monarchy's acquiescence to the 1890 British ultimatum forcing Portugal to give up areas of Africa; the lyrics refer to the "insult" that resulted from the event
National holiday [time series]
Portugal Day (Dia de Portugal), 10 June (1580); note - also called Camoes Day, the day that revered national poet Luis de Camoes (1524-80) died
National symbol(s) [time series]
armillary sphere (a spherical astrolabe modeling objects in the sky and representing the Republic); national colors: red, green
Political parties (Political parties and leaders) [time series]
Democratic and Social Center/Popular Party or CDS/PP [Paulo PORTAS] | Social Democratic Party or PPD/PSD [Pedro PASSOS COELHO] | Socialist Party or PS [Antonio COSTA] | The Left Bloc or BE [Catarina Soares MARTINS] | Unitarian Democratic Coalition or CDU [Jeronimo DE SOUSA] (includes Portuguese Communist Party or PCP and Ecologist Party ("The Greens") or PEV)
Political parties (Political pressure groups and leaders) [time series]
Armed Forces Officers' Association or AOFA [Colonel Pereira CRACEL] | the Desperate Generation (youth movement protesting against low wages, precarious labor conditions, and unemployment) | General Workers Union or General Confederation of Portuguese Workers or UGT [Carlos SILVA] | Portuguese National Workers' Conference or CGTP [Armenio CARLOS] | TugaLeaks (a website that has become a mouthpiece for publicizing diverse protest action) | other: the media; labor unions
Suffrage [time series]
18 years of age; universal
Introduction
Background [time series]
Following its heyday as a global maritime power during the 15th and 16th centuries, Portugal lost much of its wealth and status with the destruction of Lisbon in a 1755 earthquake, occupation during the Napoleonic Wars, and the independence of Brazil, its wealthiest colony, in 1822. A 1910 revolution deposed the monarchy; for most of the next six decades, repressive governments ran the country. In 1974, a left-wing military coup installed broad democratic reforms. The following year, Portugal granted independence to all of its African colonies. Portugal is a founding member of NATO and entered the EC (now the EU) in 1986.
Military
Manpower available for military service [time series]
males age 16-49: 2,566,264 | females age 16-49: 2,458,297 (2010 est.)
Manpower fit for military service [time series]
males age 16-49: 2,103,080 | females age 16-49: 2,018,004 (2010 est.)
Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually [time series]
male: 62,208 | female: 54,786 (2010 est.)
Military and security forces (Military branches) [time series]
Portuguese Army (Exercito Portuguesa), Portuguese Navy (Marinha Portuguesa; includes Marine Corps), Portuguese Air Force (Forca Aerea Portuguesa, FAP) (2013)
Military expenditures [time series]
1.29% of GDP (2014) | 1.2% of GDP (2013) | 1.78% of GDP (2012) | country comparison to the world: 77
Military service age and obligation [time series]
18-30 years of age for voluntary military service; no compulsory military service, but conscription possible if insufficient volunteers available; women serve in the armed forces, on naval ships since 1993, but are prohibited from serving in some combatant specialties; reserve obligation to age 35 (2012)
People and Society
Age structure [time series]
0-14 years: 15.68% (male 884,389/female 812,685) | 15-24 years: 11.41% (male 655,259/female 580,020) | 25-54 years: 42.05% (male 2,303,473/female 2,248,914) | 55-64 years: 11.97% (male 604,549/female 691,216) | 65 years and over: 18.89% (male 836,679/female 1,208,125) (2015 est.)
Birth rate [time series]
9.27 births/1,000 population (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 205
Child labor - children ages 5-14 [time series]
total number: 36,569 | percentage: 3% | note: data represents children ages 6-14 (2001 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rate [time series]
86.8% (2005/06)
Death rate [time series]
11.02 deaths/1,000 population (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 33
Dependency ratios [time series]
total dependency ratio: 53.5% | youth dependency ratio: 21.6% | elderly dependency ratio: 31.9% | potential support ratio: 3.1% (2015 est.)
Drinking water source [time series]
urban: 100% of population | rural: 100% of population | total: 100% of population | urban: 0% of population | rural: 0% of population | total: 0% of population (2015 est.)
Education expenditure (Education expenditures) [time series]
5.3% of GDP (2011) | country comparison to the world: 55
Ethnic groups [time series]
homogeneous Mediterranean stock; citizens of black African descent who immigrated to mainland during decolonization number less than 100,000; since 1990 East Europeans have entered Portugal
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate [time series]
NA
HIV/AIDS - deaths [time series]
NA
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS [time series]
NA
Health expenditure (Health expenditures) [time series]
9.7% of GDP (2013) | country comparison to the world: 29
Hospital bed density [time series]
3.4 beds/1,000 population (2011)
Infant mortality rate [time series]
total: 4.43 deaths/1,000 live births | male: 4.86 deaths/1,000 live births | female: 3.97 deaths/1,000 live births (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 185
Languages [time series]
Portuguese (official), Mirandese (official, but locally used)
Life expectancy at birth [time series]
total population: 79.16 years | male: 75.92 years | female: 82.62 years (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 49
Literacy [time series]
definition: age 15 and over can read and write | total population: 95.7% | male: 97.1% | female: 94.4% (2015 est.)
Major urban areas - population [time series]
LISBON (capital) 2.884 million; Porto 1.299 million (2015)
Median age [time series]
total: 41.5 years | male: 39.4 years | female: 43.6 years (2015 est.)
Nationality [time series]
noun: Portuguese (singular and plural) | adjective: Portuguese
Net migration rate [time series]
2.67 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 39
Obesity - adult prevalence rate [time series]
22.1% (2014) | country comparison to the world: 69
Physician density (Physicians density) [time series]
4.1 physicians/1,000 population (2012)
Population [time series]
10,825,309 (July 2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 80
Population growth rate [time series]
0.09% (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 189
Religions [time series]
Roman Catholic 81%, other Christian 3.3%, other (includes Jewish, Muslim, other) 0.6%, none 6.8%, unspecified 8.3% | notes: represents population 15 years of age and older (2011 est.)
Sanitation facility access [time series]
urban: 99.6% of population | rural: 99.8% of population | total: 99.7% of population | urban: 0.4% of population | rural: 0.2% of population | total: 0.3% of population (2015 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) [time series]
total: 16 years | male: 16 years | female: 17 years (2012)
Sex ratio [time series]
at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female | 0-14 years: 1.09 male(s)/female | 15-24 years: 1.13 male(s)/female | 25-54 years: 1.02 male(s)/female | 55-64 years: 0.88 male(s)/female | 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female | total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2015 est.)
Total fertility rate [time series]
1.52 children born/woman (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 192
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) (Unemployment, youth ages 15-24) [time series]
total: 37.6% | male: 36.4% | female: 39.1% (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 16
Urbanization [time series]
urban population: 63.5% of total population (2015) | rate of urbanization: 0.97% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
Transnational Issues
Disputes - international [time series]
Portugal does not recognize Spanish sovereignty over the territory of Olivenza based on a difference of interpretation of the 1815 Congress of Vienna and the 1801 Treaty of Badajoz
Illicit drugs [time series]
seizing record amounts of Latin American cocaine destined for Europe; a European gateway for Southwest Asian heroin; transshipment point for hashish from North Africa to Europe; consumer of Southwest Asian heroin
Refugees and internally displaced persons [time series]
stateless persons: 14 (2014)
Transportation
Airports [time series]
64 (2013) | country comparison to the world: 77
Airports - with paved runways [time series]
total: 43 | over 3,047 m: 5 | 2,438 to 3,047 m: 7 | 1,524 to 2,437 m: 8 | 914 to 1,523 m: 15 | under 914 m: 8 (2013)
Airports - with unpaved runways [time series]
total: 21 | 914 to 1,523 m: 1 | 20 (2013)
Merchant marine [time series]
total: 109 | by type: bulk carrier 8, cargo 35, carrier 1, chemical tanker 21, container 7, liquefied gas 6, passenger 13, passenger/cargo 5, petroleum tanker 3, roll on/roll off 1, vehicle carrier 9 | foreign-owned: 81 (Belgium 8, Colombia 1, Denmark 4, Germany 14, Greece 2, Italy 12, Japan 9, Mexico 1, Norway 2, Spain 18, Sweden 3, Switzerland 3, US 4) | registered in other countries: 15 (Cyprus 2, Malta 3, Panama 10) (2010) | country comparison to the world: 48
Pipelines [time series]
gas 1,344 km; oil 11 km; refined products 188 km (2013)
Ports (Ports and terminals) [time series]
major seaport(s): Leixoes, Lisbon, Setubal, Sines | LNG terminal (import): Sines
Railways [time series]
total: 3,075.1 km | broad gauge: 2,439 km 1.668-m gauge (1,633.4 km electrified) | narrow gauge: 108.1 km 1.000-m gauge | other: 528 km (gauge unspecified) (2014) | country comparison to the world: 53
Roadways [time series]
total: 82,900 km | paved: 71,294 km (includes 2,613 km of expressways) | unpaved: 11,606 km (2008) | country comparison to the world: 57
Waterways [time series]
210 km (on Douro River from Porto) (2011) | country comparison to the world: 95