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Communications

Broadcast media [time series]

6 privately-owned TV stations; about 75 commercial and community radio stations; 1 state-owned radio network (2010)

Internet country code [time series]

.py

Internet users (Internet hosts) [time series]

280,658 (2012) country comparison to the world: 65

Internet users [time series]

1.105 million (2009) country comparison to the world: 94

Telecommunication systems (Telephone system) [time series]

general assessment: the fixed-line market is a state monopoly and fixed-line telephone service is meager; principal switching center is in Asuncion domestic: deficiencies in provision of fixed-line service have resulted in a rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services fostered by competition among multiple providers international: country code - 595; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)

Telephones - fixed lines (Telephones - main lines in use) [time series]

372,400 (2011) country comparison to the world: 108

Telephones - mobile cellular [time series]

6.529 million (2011) country comparison to the world: 96

Economy

Agricultural products (Agriculture - products) [time series]

cotton, sugarcane, soybeans, corn, wheat, tobacco, cassava (tapioca), fruits, vegetables; beef, pork, eggs, milk; timber

Budget [time series]

revenues: $4.687 billion expenditures: $5.122 billion (2012 est.)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) [time series]

-1.7% of GDP (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 68

Central bank discount rate [time series]

5.5% (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 58 6% (31 December 2011 est.)

Commercial bank prime lending rate [time series]

26.5% (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 7 28% (31 December 2011 est.)

Current account balance [time series]

-$1.17 billion (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 119 -$549.9 million (2011 est.)

Debt - external [time series]

$5.714 billion (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 108 $5.33 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income (Distribution of family income - Gini index) [time series]

53.2 (2009) country comparison to the world: 14 57.7 (1998)

Economic overview (Economy - overview) [time series]

Landlocked Paraguay has a market economy distinguished by a large informal sector, featuring re-export of imported consumer goods to neighboring countries, as well as the activities of thousands of microenterprises and urban street vendors. A large percentage of the population, especially in rural areas, derives its living from agricultural activity, often on a subsistence basis. Because of the importance of the informal sector, accurate economic measures are difficult to obtain. On a per capita basis, real income has stagnated at 1980 levels. The economy grew rapidly between 2003 and 2008 as growing world demand for commodities combined with high prices and favorable weather to support Paraguay's commodity-based export expansion. Paraguay is the sixth largest soy producer in the world. Drought hit in 2008, reducing agricultural exports and slowing the economy even before the onset of the global recession. The economy fell 3.8% in 2009, as lower world demand and commodity prices caused exports to contract. The government reacted by introducing fiscal and monetary stimulus packages. Growth resumed at a 13% level in 2010, the highest in South America, but slowed to 4% in 2011 as the stimulus subsided. In 2012, severe drought and outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease led to a drop in beef and other agricultural exports and the economy contracted about 0.5%. Political uncertainty, corruption, limited progress on structural reform, and deficient infrastructure are the main obstacles to long-term growth.

Exchange rates [time series]

guarani (PYG) per US dollar - 4,449.6 (2012 est.) 4,176.1 (2011 est.) 4,735.5 (2010 est.) 4,965.4 (2009) 4,337.7 (2008)

Exports [time series]

$4.7 billion (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 118 $5.52 billion (2011 est.)

Exports - commodities [time series]

soybeans, feed, cotton, meat, edible oils, wood, leather

Exports - partners [time series]

Uruguay 15%, Brazil 11.4%, Argentina 10.2%, Chile 8.3%, Russia 6.6%, Netherlands 5.4%, Germany 4.3% (2011)

Fiscal year [time series]

calendar year

GDP (official exchange rate) [time series]

$26.09 billion (2012 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) (GDP (purchasing power parity)) [time series]

$41.1 billion (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 101 $41.3 billion (2011 est.) $39.59 billion (2010 est.) note: data are in 2012 US dollars

GDP - composition, by sector of origin (GDP - composition by sector) [time series]

agriculture: 19.8% industry: 19.4% services: 60.8% (2012 est.)

Real GDP per capita (GDP - per capita (PPP)) [time series]

$6,100 (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 143 $6,300 (2011 est.) $6,200 (2010 est.) note: data are in 2012 US dollars

Real GDP growth rate (GDP - real growth rate) [time series]

-0.5% (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 193 4.3% (2011 est.) 13.1% (2010 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share [time series]

lowest 10%: 1% highest 10%: 41.1% (2010 est.)

Imports [time series]

$9.7 billion (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 99 $11.5 billion (2011 est.)

Imports - commodities [time series]

road vehicles, consumer goods, tobacco, petroleum products, electrical machinery, tractors, chemicals, vehicle parts

Imports - partners [time series]

Brazil 27.5%, China 16.9%, US 15%, Argentina 14.8%, Chile 4.4% (2011)

Industrial production growth rate [time series]

6.5% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 47

Inflation rate (consumer prices) [time series]

4.6% (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 132 8.3% (2011 est.)

Investment (gross fixed) [time series]

17.9% of GDP (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 120

Labor force [time series]

3.137 million (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 103

Labor force - by occupation [time series]

agriculture: 26.5% industry: 18.5% services: 55% (2008)

Market value of publicly traded shares [time series]

$958.1 million (31 December 2011) country comparison to the world: 116 $42 million (31 December 2010) $409.1 million (31 December 2006)

Population below poverty line [time series]

34.7% (2010 est.)

Public debt [time series]

14.7% of GDP (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 135 13.8% of GDP (2011 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold [time series]

$5.326 billion (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 88 $4.979 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Stock of broad money [time series]

$10.11 billion (31 December 2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 107 $8.452 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad [time series]

$NA

Stock of direct foreign investment - at home [time series]

$3.393 million (31 December 2010) country comparison to the world: 101 $3.053 million (31 December 2009)

Stock of domestic credit [time series]

$9.149 billion (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 101 $7.695 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Stock of narrow money [time series]

$3.666 billion (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 112 $3.6 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Taxes and other revenues [time series]

18% of GDP (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 175

Unemployment rate [time series]

6.9% (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 74 6.6% (2011 est.)

Energy

Carbon dioxide emissions (Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy) [time series]

4.394 million Mt (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 128

Crude oil - exports [time series]

0 bbl/day (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 167

Crude oil - imports [time series]

0.01 bbl/day (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 85

Crude oil - production [time series]

0 bbl/day (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 177

Crude oil - proved reserves [time series]

0 bbl (1 January 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 176

Electricity - consumption [time series]

6.237 billion kWh (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 103

Electricity - exports [time series]

43.38 billion kWh (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 5

Electricity - from fossil fuels [time series]

0.1% of total installed capacity (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 208

Electricity - from hydroelectric plants [time series]

99.9% of total installed capacity (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 2

Electricity - from nuclear fuels [time series]

0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 158

Electricity - from other renewable sources [time series]

0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 172

Electricity - imports [time series]

0 kWh (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 119

Electricity - installed generating capacity [time series]

8.816 million kW (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 60

Electricity - production [time series]

54.41 billion kWh (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 48

Natural gas - consumption [time series]

0 cu m (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 185

Natural gas - exports [time series]

0 cu m (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 131

Natural gas - imports [time series]

0 cu m (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 115

Natural gas - production [time series]

0 cu m (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 179

Natural gas - proved reserves [time series]

0 cu m (1 January 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 182

Refined petroleum products - consumption [time series]

26,820 bbl/day (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 121

Refined petroleum products - exports [time series]

0 bbl/day (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 211

Refined petroleum products - imports [time series]

23,810 bbl/day (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 98

Refined petroleum products - production [time series]

0 bbl/day (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 187

Geography

Area [time series]

total: 406,752 sq km country comparison to the world: 60 land: 397,302 sq km water: 9,450 sq km

Area - comparative [time series]

slightly smaller than California

Climate [time series]

subtropical to temperate; substantial rainfall in the eastern portions, becoming semiarid in the far west

Coastline [time series]

0 km (landlocked)

Elevation (Elevation extremes) [time series]

lowest point: junction of Rio Paraguay and Rio Parana 46 m highest point: Cerro Pero 842 m

Environment - current issues [time series]

deforestation; water pollution; inadequate means for waste disposal pose health risks for many urban residents; loss of wetlands

International environmental agreements (Environment - international agreements) [time series]

party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Total water withdrawal (Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)) [time series]

total: 0.49 cu km/yr (20%/8%/71%) per capita: 80 cu m/yr (2000)

Geographic coordinates [time series]

23 00 S, 58 00 W

Geography - note [time series]

landlocked; lies between Argentina, Bolivia, and Brazil; population concentrated in southern part of country

Irrigated land [time series]

670 sq km (2003)

Land boundaries [time series]

total: 3,995 km border countries: Argentina 1,880 km, Bolivia 750 km, Brazil 1,365 km

Land use [time series]

arable land: 7.47% permanent crops: 0.24% other: 92.29% (2005)

Location [time series]

Central South America, northeast of Argentina, southwest of Brazil

Map references [time series]

South America

Maritime claims [time series]

none (landlocked)

Natural hazards [time series]

local flooding in southeast (early September to June); poorly drained plains may become boggy (early October to June)

Natural resources [time series]

hydropower, timber, iron ore, manganese, limestone

Terrain [time series]

grassy plains and wooded hills east of Rio Paraguay; Gran Chaco region west of Rio Paraguay mostly low, marshy plain near the river, and dry forest and thorny scrub elsewhere

Total renewable water resources [time series]

336 cu km (2000)

Government

Administrative divisions [time series]

17 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento) and 1 capital city*; Alto Paraguay, Alto Parana, Amambay, Asuncion*, Boqueron, Caaguazu, Caazapa, Canindeyu, Central, Concepcion, Cordillera, Guaira, Itapua, Misiones, Neembucu, Paraguari, Presidente Hayes, San Pedro

Capital [time series]

name: Asuncion geographic coordinates: 25 16 S, 57 40 W time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins first Sunday in October; ends second Sunday in April

Constitution [time series]

promulgated 20 June 1992

Country name [time series]

conventional long form: Republic of Paraguay conventional short form: Paraguay local long form: Republica del Paraguay local short form: Paraguay

Diplomatic representation from the US [time series]

Ambassador James H. THESSIN embassy: 1776 Avenida Mariscal Lopez, Casilla Postal 402, Asuncion mailing address: Unit 4711, APO AA 34036-0001 telephone: [595] (21) 213-715 FAX: [595] (21) 228-603

Diplomatic representation in the US [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador Rigoberto GAUTO Vielman chancery: 2400 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 483-6960 through 6962 FAX: [1] (202) 234-4508 consulate(s) general: Los Angeles, Miami, New York

Executive branch [time series]

chief of state: President Luis Federico FRANCO Gomez (since 22 June 2012); Vice President Amancio Oscar DENIS Sanchez (since 28 June 2012); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government; President FRANCO assumed office following the impeachment of former President Fernando Armindo LUGO Mendez head of government: President Luis Federico FRANCO Gomez (since 22 June 2012); Vice President Amancio Oscar DENIS Sanchez (since 28 June 2012) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president (For more information visit theWorld Leaders website) elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for a single five-year term; election last held on 20 April 2008 (next to be held in April 2013) election results: Fernando Armindo LUGO Mendez elected president; percent of vote - Fernando Armindo LUGO Mendez 40.8%, Blanca OVELAR 30.6%, Lino OVIEDO 21.9%, Pedro FADUL 2.4%, other 4.3%; note - President Luis Federico FRANCO Gomez assumed office following the impeachment of former President LUGO in June 2012

Flag (Flag description) [time series]

three equal, horizontal bands of red (top), white, and blue with an emblem centered in the white band; unusual flag in that the emblem is different on each side; the obverse (hoist side at the left) bears the national coat of arms (a yellow five-pointed star within a green wreath capped by the words REPUBLICA DEL PARAGUAY, all within two circles); the reverse (hoist side at the right) bears a circular seal of the treasury (a yellow lion below a red Cap of Liberty and the words PAZ Y JUSTICIA (Peace and Justice)); red symbolizes bravery and patriotism, white represents integrity and peace, and blue denotes liberty and generosity note: the three color bands resemble those on the flag of the Netherlands; one of only three national flags that differ on their obverse and reverse sides - the others are Moldova and Saudi Arabia

Government type [time series]

constitutional republic

Independence [time series]

14 May 1811 (from Spain)

International law organization participation [time series]

accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

International organization participation [time series]

CAN (associate), CD, CELAC, FAO, G-11, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA, Mercosur (suspended), MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSTAH, MONUSCO, NAM (observer), OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNASUR, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Judicial branch [time series]

Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (nine judges proposed by the Council of Magistrates or Consejo de la Magistratura, and approved by the Senate and president)

Legal system [time series]

civil law system with influences from Argentine, Spanish, Roman, and French civil law models; judicial review of legislative acts in Supreme Court of Justice

Legislative branch [time series]

bicameral National Congress or Congreso Nacional consists of the Chamber of Senators or Camara de Senadores (45 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and the Chamber of Deputies or Camara de Diputados (80 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: Chamber of Senators - last held on 20 April 2008 (next to be held in April 2013); Chamber of Deputies - last held on 20 April 2008 (next to be held in April 2013) election results: Chamber of Senators - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - ANR 15, PLRA 14, UNACE 9, PPQ 4, other 3; Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - ANR 30, PLRA 27, UNACE 15, PPQ 3, APC 2, other 3; note - as of 20 December 2012, the composition of the Chamber of Deputies is ANR 34, PLRA 29, UNACE 11, PPQ 4, other 2

National anthem(s) (National anthem) [time series]

name: "Paraguayos, Republica o muerte!" (Paraguayans, The Republic or Death!) lyrics/music: Francisco Esteban ACUNA de Figueroa/disputed note: adopted 1934, in use since 1846; the anthem was officially adopted following its re-arrangement in 1934

National holiday [time series]

Independence Day, 14 May 1811 (observed 15 May)

National symbol(s) [time series]

lion

Political parties (Political parties and leaders) [time series]

Asociacion Nacional Republicana - Colorado Party or ANR [Lilian SAMANIEGO]; Avanza Pais coalition [Mario Ferreiro]; Broad Front coalition (Frente Guazu) or FG [Fernando Armindo LUGO Mendez]; Movimiento Popolar Tekojoja or Tekojoja [Sixto PEREIRA]; Movimiento Union Nacional de Ciudadanos Eticos or UNACE [Lino Cesar OVIEDO Silva]; Patria Querida (Beloved Fatherland Party) or PPQ [Sebastian ACHA]; Partido del Movimiento al Socialismo or P-MAS [Camilo Ernesto SOARES Machado]; Partido Democratica Progresista or PDP [Rafael Augusto FILIZZOLA Serra]; Partido Encuentro Nacional or PEN [Fernando CAMACHO Paredes]; Partido Liberal Radical Autentico or PLRA [Blas Antonio Llano Ramos]; Partido Pais Solidario or PPS [Carlos Alberto FILIZZOLA Pallares]

Political parties (Political pressure groups and leaders) [time series]

Ahorristas Estafados or AE; National Coordinating Board of Campesino Organizations or MCNOC [Luis AGUAYO]; National Federation of Campesinos or FNC [Odilon ESPINOLA]; National Workers Central or CNT [Secretary General Juan TORRALES]; Paraguayan Workers Confederation or CPT; Roman Catholic Church; Unitary Workers Central or CUT [Jorge Guzman ALVARENGA Malgarejo]

Suffrage [time series]

18 years of age; universal and compulsory until the age of 75

Introduction

Background [time series]

Paraguay achieved its independence from Spain in 1811. In the disastrous War of the Triple Alliance (1865-70) - between Paraguay and Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay - Paraguay lost two-thirds of all adult males and much of its territory. The country stagnated economically for the next half century. Following the Chaco War of 1932-35 with Bolivia, Paraguay gained a large part of the Chaco lowland region. The 35-year military dictatorship of Alfredo STROESSNER ended in 1989, and, despite a marked increase in political infighting in recent years, Paraguay has held relatively free and regular presidential elections since the country's return to democracy.

Military

Manpower available for military service [time series]

males age 16-49: 1,678,335 females age 16-49: 1,675,352 (2010 est.)

Manpower fit for military service [time series]

males age 16-49: 1,409,859 females age 16-49: 1,433,037 (2010 est.)

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually [time series]

male: 73,367 female: 71,801 (2010 est.)

Military and security forces (Military branches) [time series]

Armed Forces Command (Commando de las Fuerzas Militares): Army, National Navy (Armada Nacional, includes Marine Corps, Naval Aviation, and Coast Guard), Paraguayan Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Paraguay, FAP), Logistics Command, War Materiel Directorate (2012)

Military expenditures [time series]

1% of GDP (2006 est.) country comparison to the world: 126

Military service age and obligation [time series]

18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; conscript service obligation - 12 months for Army, 24 months for Navy; volunteers for the Air Force must be younger than 22 years of age with a secondary school diploma (2010)

People and Society

Age structure [time series]

0-14 years: 27.6% (male 918,279/ female 887,576) 15-64 years: 66.1% (male 2,173,124/ female 2,151,872) 65 years and over: 6.3% (male 191,002/ female 219,738) (2012 est.)

Birth rate [time series]

17.22 births/1,000 population (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 118

Death rate [time series]

4.59 deaths/1,000 population (July 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 199

Demographic profile [time series]

Paraguay falls below the Latin American average in several socioeconomic categories, including immunization rates, potable water, sanitation, and secondary school enrollment, and has greater rates of income inequality and child and maternal mortality. Paraguay's poverty rate has declined in recent years but remains high, especially in rural areas, with more than a third of the population below the poverty line. However, the well being of the poor in many regions has improved in terms of housing quality and access to clean water, telephone service, and electricity. The fertility rate continues to drop, declining sharply from an average 4.3 births per woman in the late 1990s to 2.5 in 2008, as a result of the greater educational attainment of women, increased use of contraception, and a desire for smaller families among young women. Paraguay is a country of emigration; it has not attracted large numbers of immigrants because of political instability, civil wars, years of dictatorship, and the greater appeal of neighboring countries. Paraguay first tried to encourage immigration in 1870 in order to rebound from the heavy death toll it suffered during the War of the Triple Alliance, but it received few European and Middle Eastern immigrants. In the 20th century, limited numbers of immigrants arrived from Lebanon, Japan, South Korea, and China, as well as Mennonites from Canada, Russia, and Mexico. Large flows of Brazilian immigrants have been arriving since the 1960s, mainly to work in agriculture. Paraguayans continue to emigrate to Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, the United States, Italy, Spain, and France.

Education expenditure (Education expenditures) [time series]

4% of GDP (2008) country comparison to the world: 105

Ethnic groups [time series]

mestizo (mixed Spanish and Amerindian) 95%, other 5%

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate [time series]

0.3% (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 91

HIV/AIDS - deaths [time series]

fewer than 500 (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 95

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS [time series]

13,000 (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 90

Health expenditure (Health expenditures) [time series]

7.1% of GDP (2009) country comparison to the world: 78

Hospital bed density [time series]

1.3 beds/1,000 population (2009)

Infant mortality rate [time series]

total: 22.24 deaths/1,000 live births country comparison to the world: 86 male: 26.06 deaths/1,000 live births female: 18.23 deaths/1,000 live births (2012 est.)

Languages [time series]

Spanish (official), Guarani (official)

Life expectancy at birth [time series]

total population: 76.4 years country comparison to the world: 75 male: 73.78 years female: 79.14 years (2012 est.)

Literacy [time series]

definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 94% male: 94.9% female: 93% (2003 est.)

Major urban areas - population (Major cities - population) [time series]

ASUNCION (capital) 1.977 million (2009)

Major infectious diseases [time series]

degree of risk: intermediate food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: dengue fever and malaria (2009)

Maternal mortality ratio (Maternal mortality rate) [time series]

99 deaths/100,000 live births (2010) country comparison to the world: 74

Median age [time series]

total: 25.9 years male: 25.6 years female: 26.1 years (2012 est.)

Nationality [time series]

noun: Paraguayan(s) adjective: Paraguayan

Net migration rate [time series]

-0.08 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 119

Physician density (Physicians density) [time series]

1.11 physicians/1,000 population (2002)

Population [time series]

6,541,591 (July 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 103

Population growth rate [time series]

1.256% (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 93

Religions [time series]

Roman Catholic 89.6%, Protestant 6.2%, other Christian 1.1%, other or unspecified 1.9%, none 1.1% (2002 census)

Sanitation facility access [time series]

improved: urban: 90% of population rural: 40% of population total: 70% of population unimproved: urban: 10% of population rural: 60% of population total: 30% of population

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) [time series]

total: 12 years male: 12 years female: 12 years (2007)

Sex ratio [time series]

at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.87 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2011 est.)

Total fertility rate [time series]

2.06 children born/woman (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 124

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) (Unemployment, youth ages 15-24) [time series]

total: 11.8% country comparison to the world: 92 male: 8.7% female: 16.8% (2008)

Urbanization [time series]

urban population: 61% of total population (2010) rate of urbanization: 2.5% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

Transnational Issues

Disputes - international [time series]

unruly region at convergence of Argentina-Brazil-Paraguay borders is locus of money laundering, smuggling, arms and illegal narcotics trafficking, and fundraising for extremist organizations

Illicit drugs [time series]

major illicit producer of cannabis, most or all of which is consumed in Brazil, Argentina, and Chile; transshipment country for Andean cocaine headed for Brazil, other Southern Cone markets, and Europe; weak border controls, extensive corruption and money-laundering activity, especially in the Tri-Border Area; weak anti-money-laundering laws and enforcement

Transportation

Airports [time series]

800 (2012) country comparison to the world: 9

Airports - with paved runways [time series]

total: 15 over 3,047 m: 3 1,524 to 2,437 m: 7 914 to 1,523 m: 5 (2012)

Airports - with unpaved runways [time series]

total: 785 1,524 to 2,437 m: 23 914 to 1,523 m: 289 under 914 m: 473 (2012)

Merchant marine [time series]

total: 19 country comparison to the world: 96 by type: cargo 13, container 3, passenger 1, petroleum tanker 1, roll on/roll off 1 foreign-owned: 6 (Argentina 5, Netherlands 1) (2010)

Ports (Ports and terminals) [time series]

Asuncion, Villeta, San Antonio, Encarnacion

Railways [time series]

total: 36 km country comparison to the world: 132 standard gauge: 36 km 1.435-m gauge (2008)

Roadways [time series]

total: 29,500 km country comparison to the world: 97 paved: 14,986 km unpaved: 14,514 km (2000)

Waterways [time series]

3,100 km (primarily on the Paraguay and Paraná river systems) (2012) country comparison to the world: 33