ARCHIVE // MC // 2001

Monaco

2001 Edition — sovereign

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Communications
Internet users (Internet Service Providers (ISPs)) [time series]
2 (2000)
Internet country code [time series]
.mc
Internet users [time series]
NA
Broadcast media (Radio broadcast stations) [time series]
AM 1, FM NA, shortwave 8 (1998)
Radios [time series]
34,000 (1997)
Telecommunication systems (Telephone system) [time series]
general assessment: modern automatic telephone system domestic: NA international: no satellite earth stations; connected by cable into the French communications system
Telephones - fixed lines (Telephones - main lines in use) [time series]
31,027 (1995)
Telephones - mobile cellular [time series]
NA
Broadcast media (Television broadcast stations) [time series]
5 (1998)
Televisions [time series]
25,000 (1997)
Economy
Agricultural products (Agriculture - products) [time series]
none
Budget [time series]
revenues: $518 million expenditures: $531 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1995)
Exchange rates (Currency) [time series]
French franc (FRF); euro (EUR)
Exchange rates (Currency code) [time series]
FRF; EUR
Debt - external [time series]
$NA
Economic aid (Economic aid - recipient) [time series]
$NA
Economic overview (Economy - overview) [time series]
Monaco, situated on the French Mediterranean coast, is a popular resort, attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. The Principality has successfully sought to diversify into services and small, high-value-added, nonpolluting industries. The state has no income tax and low business taxes and thrives as a tax haven both for individuals who have established residence and for foreign companies that have set up businesses and offices. The state retains monopolies in a number of sectors, including tobacco, the telephone network, and the postal service. Living standards are high, roughly comparable to those in prosperous French metropolitan areas. Monaco does not publish national income figures; the estimates below are extremely rough.
Electricity - consumption [time series]
NA kWh
Electricity - imports [time series]
NA kWh note: electricity supplied by France (1999)
Exchange rates [time series]
euros per US dollar - 1.0659 (January 2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997), 5.1155 (1996)
Exports [time series]
$NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France
Fiscal year [time series]
calendar year
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) (GDP) [time series]
purchasing power parity - $870 million (1999 est.)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin (GDP - composition by sector) [time series]
agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
Real GDP per capita (GDP - per capita) [time series]
purchasing power parity - $27,000 (1999 est.)
Real GDP growth rate (GDP - real growth rate) [time series]
NA%
Household income or consumption by percentage share [time series]
lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports [time series]
$NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France
Industrial production growth rate [time series]
NA%
Industries [time series]
tourism, construction, small-scale industrial and consumer products
Inflation rate (consumer prices) [time series]
NA%
Labor force [time series]
30,540 (January 1994)
Population below poverty line [time series]
NA%
Unemployment rate [time series]
3.1% (1998)
Geography
Area [time series]
total: 1.95 sq km land: 1.95 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative [time series]
about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Climate [time series]
Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers
Coastline [time series]
4.1 km
Elevation (Elevation extremes) [time series]
lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m highest point: Mont Agel 140 m
Environment - current issues [time series]
NA
International environmental agreements (Environment - international agreements) [time series]
party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
Geographic coordinates [time series]
43 44 N, 7 24 E
Geography - note [time series]
second smallest independent state in the world (after Holy See); almost entirely urban
Irrigated land [time series]
NA sq km
Land boundaries [time series]
total: 4.4 km border countries: France 4.4 km
Land use [time series]
arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 100% (urban area)
Location [time series]
Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea on the southern coast of France, near the border with Italy
Map references [time series]
Europe
Maritime claims [time series]
territorial sea: 12 NM
Natural hazards [time series]
NA
Natural resources [time series]
none
Terrain [time series]
hilly, rugged, rocky
Government
Administrative divisions [time series]
none; there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are four quarters (quartiers, singular - quartier); Fontvieille, La Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo
Capital [time series]
Monaco
Constitution [time series]
17 December 1962
Country name [time series]
conventional long form: Principality of Monaco conventional short form: Monaco local long form: Principaute de Monaco local short form: Monaco
Diplomatic representation from the US [time series]
the US does not have an embassy in Monaco; the US Consul General in Marseille (France) is accredited to Monaco
Diplomatic representation in the US [time series]
Monaco does not have an embassy in the US consulate(s) general: New York
Executive branch [time series]
chief of state: Prince RAINIER III (since 9 May 1949); Heir Apparent Prince ALBERT Alexandre Louis Pierre, son of the monarch (born 14 March 1958) head of government: Minister of State Patrick LECLERQUE (since 5 January 2000) cabinet: Council of Government is under the authority of the monarch elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; minister of state appointed by the monarch from a list of three French national candidates presented by the French Government
Flag (Flag description) [time series]
two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag of Indonesia which is longer and the flag of Poland which is white (top) and red
Government type [time series]
constitutional monarchy
Independence [time series]
1419 (beginning of the rule by the House of Grimaldi)
International organization participation [time series]
ACCT, ECE, IAEA, ICAO, ICRM, IFRCS, IHO, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO
Judicial branch [time series]
Supreme Court or Tribunal Supreme (judges appointed by the monarch on the basis of nominations by the National Council)
Legal system [time series]
based on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch [time series]
unicameral National Council or Conseil National (18 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 1 and 8 February 1998 (next to be held NA January 2003) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UND 18
National holiday [time series]
National Day (Prince of Monaco Holiday), 19 November
Political parties (Political parties and leaders) [time series]
National and Democratic Union or UND [leader NA]; National Union for the Future of Monaco or UNAM [leader NA]; Rally for the Monegasque Family [leader NA]
Political parties (Political pressure groups and leaders) [time series]
NA
Suffrage [time series]
21 years of age; universal
Introduction
Background [time series]
Economic development was spurred in the late 19th century with a railroad linkup to France and the opening of a casino. Since then, the principality's mild climate, splendid scenery, and gambling facilities have made Monaco world famous as a tourist and recreation center.
Military
Military - note [time series]
defense is the responsibility of France
People
Age structure [time series]
0-14 years: 15.32% (male 2,503; female 2,375) 15-64 years: 62.23% (male 9,731; female 10,083) 65 years and over: 22.45% (male 2,921; female 4,229) (2001 est.)
Birth rate [time series]
9.74 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Death rate [time series]
13 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Ethnic groups [time series]
French 47%, Monegasque 16%, Italian 16%, other 21%
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate [time series]
NA%
HIV/AIDS - deaths [time series]
NA
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS [time series]
NA
Infant mortality rate [time series]
5.83 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Languages [time series]
French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque
Life expectancy at birth [time series]
total population: 78.98 years male: 75.04 years female: 83.12 years (2001 est.)
Literacy [time series]
definition: NA total population: 99% male: NA% female: NA%
Nationality [time series]
noun: Monegasque(s) or Monacan(s) adjective: Monegasque or Monacan
Net migration rate [time series]
7.85 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Population [time series]
31,842 (July 2001 est.)
Population growth rate [time series]
0.46% (2001 est.)
Religions [time series]
Roman Catholic 90%
Sex ratio [time series]
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Total fertility rate [time series]
1.76 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Transnational Issues
Disputes - international [time series]
none
Transportation
Airports [time series]
linked to airport in Nice, France, by helicopter service
Heliports [time series]
1 (shuttle service between the international airport at Nice, France, and Monaco's heliport at Fontvieille)
Roadways (Highways) [time series]
total: 50 km paved: 50 km unpaved: 0 km (2001)
Merchant marine [time series]
none (2000 est.)
Ports (Ports and harbors) [time series]
Monaco
Railways [time series]
total: 1.7 km standard gauge: 1.7 km 1.435-m gauge
Waterways [time series]
none