Equatorial Guinea

total: 1,000 (2020 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 0.1 (2020 est.)

the state maintains control of broadcast media with domestic broadcast media limited to 1 state-owned TV station, 1 private TV station owned by the president's eldest son (who is the Vice President), 1 state-owned radio station, and 1 private radio station owned by the president's eldest son; satellite TV service is available; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are generally accessible (2019)

.gq

total: 864,000 (2021 est.) percent of population: 54% (2021 est.)

general assessment: the telecom service is forecasted to register a growth of more than 6% during the period of 2022-2026; mobile data is the largest contributor to total service revenue in 2021, followed by mobile voice, fixed broadband, mobile messaging, and fixed voice; the launch of the international submarine cable ACE, which connects 13 West African countries with Europe, will improve international capacity, bringing opportunities to data center providers; 4G network expansion and 4G service promotion will allow consumers and businesses to leverage 4G services (2022) domestic: fixed-line density is less than 1 per 100 persons and mobile-cellular subscribership is roughly 39 per 100 (2021) international: country code - 240; landing points for the ACE, Ceiba-1, and Ceiba-2 submarine cables providing communication from Bata and Malabo, Equatorial Guinea to numerous Western African and European countries; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) (2019)

total subscriptions: 11,000 (2021 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: (2021 est.) less than 1

total subscriptions: 650,000 (2021 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 39 (2021 est.)

sweet potatoes, cassava, roots/tubers nes, plantains, oil palm fruit, bananas, coconuts, coffee, cocoa, eggs

revenues: $2.604 billion (2018 est.) expenditures: $2.535 billion (2018 est.)

-3.3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

-$738 million (2017 est.) -$1.457 billion (2016 est.)

$1.211 billion (31 December 2017 est.) $1.074 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

growing CEMAC economy and new OPEC member; large oil and gas reserves; targeting economic diversification and poverty reduction; still recovering from CEMAC crisis; improving public financial management; persistent poverty; hard-hit by COVID-19

Cooperation Financiere en Afrique Centrale francs (XAF) per US dollar - 554.531 (2021 est.) 575.586 (2020 est.) 585.911 (2019 est.) 555.446 (2018 est.) 580.657 (2017 est.)

$8.776 billion (2019 est.) $8.914 billion (2018 est.) $9.94 billion (2017 est.)

crude petroleum, natural gas, industrial alcohols, lumber, veneer sheeting (2021)

China 34%, India 19%, Spain 11%, United States 7% (2019)

calendar year

$10.634 billion (2019 est.)

household consumption: 50% (2017 est.) government consumption: 21.8% (2017 est.) investment in fixed capital: 10.2% (2017 est.) investment in inventories: 0.1% (2017 est.) exports of goods and services: 56.9% (2017 est.) imports of goods and services: -39% (2017 est.)

agriculture: 2.5% (2017 est.) industry: 54.6% (2017 est.) services: 42.9% (2017 est.)

lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA

$6.245 billion (2019 est.) $6.129 billion (2018 est.) $5.708 billion (2017 est.)

gas turbines, beer, ships, industrial machinery, excavation machinery (2019)

United States 22%, Spain 19%, China 12%, United Kingdom 6%, United Arab Emirates 5% (2019)

-6.46% (2021 est.)

petroleum, natural gas, sawmilling

4.77% (2020 est.) 1.24% (2019 est.) 1.35% (2018 est.)

549,800 (2021 est.)

44% (2011 est.)

37.4% of GDP (2017 est.) 43.3% of GDP (2016 est.)

$23.924 billion (2021 est.) $24.152 billion (2020 est.) $25.222 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in 2017 dollars

-0.95% (2021 est.) -4.24% (2020 est.) -5.48% (2019 est.)

$14,600 (2021 est.) $15,100 (2020 est.) $16,200 (2019 est.) note: data are in 2017 dollars

$40.817 million (31 December 2019 est.) $48.93 million (31 December 2018 est.) $45.503 million (31 December 2017 est.)

7.85% (of GDP) (2020 est.)

9.24% (2021 est.) 9.9% (2020 est.) 8.68% (2019 est.)

total: 18.3% (2021 est.) male: 17.1% female: 19.9%

4.528 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.) from coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.) from petroleum and other liquids: 2.409 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.) from consumed natural gas: 2.119 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

production: 0 metric tons (2020 est.) consumption: 0 metric tons (2020 est.) exports: 0 metric tons (2020 est.) imports: 0 metric tons (2020 est.) proven reserves: 0 metric tons (2019 est.)

installed generating capacity: 349,000 kW (2020 est.) consumption: 1,002,960,000 kWh (2019 est.) exports: 0 kWh (2019 est.) imports: 0 kWh (2019 est.) transmission/distribution losses: 183 million kWh (2019 est.)

electrification - total population: 66.7% (2021) electrification - urban areas: 90.3% (2021) electrification - rural areas: 47% (2020)

fossil fuels: 89.4% of total installed capacity (2020 est.) nuclear: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.) solar: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.) wind: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.) hydroelectricity: 10.6% of total installed capacity (2020 est.) tide and wave: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.) geothermal: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.) biomass and waste: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

57.596 million Btu/person (2019 est.)

production: 4,569,369,000 cubic meters (2019 est.) consumption: 1,080,003,000 cubic meters (2019 est.) exports: 3,568,030,000 cubic meters (2019 est.) imports: 0 cubic meters (2021 est.) proven reserves: 139.007 billion cubic meters (2021 est.)

total petroleum production: 142,600 bbl/day (2021 est.) refined petroleum consumption: 22,300 bbl/day (2019 est.) crude oil and lease condensate exports: 184,500 bbl/day (2018 est.) crude oil and lease condensate imports: 0 bbl/day (2018 est.) crude oil estimated reserves: 1.1 billion barrels (2021 est.)

0 bbl/day (2015 est.)

5,094 bbl/day (2015 est.)

0 bbl/day (2015 est.)

particulate matter emissions: 25.67 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.) carbon dioxide emissions: 5.65 megatons (2016 est.) methane emissions: 11.21 megatons (2020 est.)

tropical; always hot, humid

deforestation (forests are threatened by agricultural expansion, fires, and grazing); desertification; water pollution (tap water is non-potable); wildlife preservation

party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban

agricultural land: 10.1% (2018 est.) arable land: 4.3% (2018 est.) permanent crops: 2.1% (2018 est.) permanent pasture: 3.7% (2018 est.) forest: 57.5% (2018 est.) other: 32.4% (2018 est.)

0% of GDP (2018 est.)

1.52% of GDP (2018 est.)

26 billion cubic meters (2020 est.)

municipal: 20 million cubic meters (2020 est.) industrial: 3 million cubic meters (2017 est.) agricultural: 1 million cubic meters (2017 est.)

urban population: 74.4% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 3.62% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

municipal solid waste generated annually: 198,443 tons (2016 est.)

total: 28,051 sq km land: 28,051 sq km water: 0 sq km

slightly smaller than Maryland

tropical; always hot, humid

296 km

highest point: Pico Basile 3,008 m lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m mean elevation: 577 m

2 00 N, 10 00 E

insular and continental regions widely separated; despite its name, no part of the Equator passes through Equatorial Guinea; the mainland part of the country is located just north of the Equator

NA

total: 528 km border countries (2): Cameroon 183 km; Gabon 345 km

agricultural land: 10.1% (2018 est.) arable land: 4.3% (2018 est.) permanent crops: 2.1% (2018 est.) permanent pasture: 3.7% (2018 est.) forest: 57.5% (2018 est.) other: 32.4% (2018 est.)

Central Africa, bordering the Bight of Biafra, between Cameroon and Gabon

Africa

territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm

violent windstorms; flash floods volcanism: Santa Isabel (3,007 m), which last erupted in 1923, is the country's only historically active volcano; Santa Isabel, along with two dormant volcanoes, form Bioko Island in the Gulf of Guinea

petroleum, natural gas, timber, gold, bauxite, diamonds, tantalum, sand and gravel, clay

only two large cities over 30,000 people (Bata on the mainland, and the capital Malabo on the island of Bioko); small communities are scattered throughout the mainland and the five inhabited islands as shown in this population distribution map

coastal plains rise to interior hills; islands are volcanic

8 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Annobon, Bioko Norte, Bioko Sur, Centro Sur, Djibloho, Kie-Ntem, Litoral, Wele-Nzas

name: Malabo; note - Malabo is on the island of Bioko; in 2017, some governmental offices began to move to a new capital of Ciudad de la Paz (formerly referred to as Oyala) on the mainland near Djibloho, but a lack of funds has halted progress on construction geographic coordinates: 3 45 N, 8 47 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) etymology: named after King MALABO (Malabo Lopelo Melaka) (1837 1937), the last king of the Bubi, the ethnic group indigenous to the island of Bioko; the name of the new capital, Ciudad de la Paz, translates to "City of Peace" in Spanish

citizenship by birth: no citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Equatorial Guinea dual citizenship recognized: no residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years

history: previous 1968, 1973, 1982; approved by referendum 17 November 1991 amendments: proposed by the president of the republic or supported by three fourths of the membership in either house of the National Assembly; passage requires three-fourths majority vote by both houses of the Assembly and approval in a referendum if requested by the president; amended several times, last in 2012

conventional long form: Republic of Equatorial Guinea conventional short form: Equatorial Guinea local long form: Republica de Guinea Ecuatorial (Spanish)/ Republique de Guinee Equatoriale (French) local short form: Guinea Ecuatorial (Spanish)/ Guinee Equatoriale (French) former: Spanish Guinea etymology: the country is named for the Guinea region of West Africa that lies along the Gulf of Guinea and stretches north to the Sahel; the "equatorial" refers to the fact that the country lies just north of the Equator

chief of mission: Ambassador David R. GILMOUR (since 24 May 2022) embassy: Malabo II Highway (between the Headquarters of Sonagas and the offices of the United Nations), Malabo mailing address: 2320 Malabo Place, Washington, DC 20521-2520 telephone: [240] 333 09-57-41 email address and website: Malaboconsular@state.gov https://gq.usembassy.gov/

chief of mission: Ambassador Miguel Ntutumu EVUNA Andeme (since 23 February 2015) chancery: 2020 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009 telephone: [1] (202) 518-5700 FAX: [1] (202) 518-5252 email address and website: info@egembassydc.com https://www.egembassydc.com/ consulate(s) general: Houston

chief of state: President Brig. Gen. (Ret.) Teodoro OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo (since 3 August 1979 when he seized power in a military coup); First Vice President Teodoro Nguema OBIANG Mangue (since 20 November 2022) head of government: Prime Minister Manuela ROKA Botey (since 1 February 2023); First Deputy Prime Minister Clemente Engonga NGUEMA Onguene (since 23 June 2016); Second Deputy Prime Minister Angel MESIE Mibuy (since 5 February 2018); Third Deputy Prime Minister Alfonso Nsue MOKUY (since 23 June 2016) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president and overseen by the prime minister elections/appointments: president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 7-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 20 November 2022 (next to be held in 2029); prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president election results: Teodoro OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo reelected president; percent of vote - Teodoro OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo (PDGE) 95%, other 6.1%

three equal horizontal bands of green (top), white, and red, with a blue isosceles triangle based on the hoist side and the coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms has six yellow six-pointed stars (representing the mainland and five offshore islands) above a gray shield bearing a silk-cotton tree and below which is a scroll with the motto UNIDAD, PAZ, JUSTICIA (Unity, Peace, Justice); green symbolizes the jungle and natural resources, blue represents the sea that connects the mainland to the islands, white stands for peace, and red recalls the fight for independence

presidential republic

12 October 1968 (from Spain)

accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

ACP, AfDB, AU, BDEAC, CEMAC, CPLP, FAO, Francophonie, FZ, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ITSO, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OAS (observer), OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WTO (observer)

highest court(s): Supreme Court of Justice (consists of the chief justice - who is also chief of state - and 9 judges organized into civil, criminal, commercial, labor, administrative, and customary sections); Constitutional Court (consists of the court president and 4 members) judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges appointed by the president for 5-year terms; Constitutional Court members appointed by the president, 2 of whom are nominated by the Chamber of Deputies; note - judges subject to dismissal by the president at any time subordinate courts: Court of Guarantees; military courts; Courts of Appeal; first instance tribunals; district and county tribunals

mixed system of civil and customary law

description: bicameral National Assembly or Asemblea Nacional consists of: Senate or Senado (70 seats statutory, 74 seats for current term; 55 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by closed party-list proportional representation vote, 15 appointed by the president, and 4 ex-officio) Chamber of Deputies or Camara de los Diputados (100 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by closed party-list proportional representation vote to serve 5-year terms) elections: Senate - last held on 19 January 2023 (next to be held in 2028) Chamber of Deputies - last held on 19 January 2023 (next to be held in 2028) election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; (elected) seats by party - PDGE 55; composition (including 15 appointed and 2 ex-officio) - men 58, women 16, percent of women 21.6% Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PDGE 100; composition - men 69, women 31, percent of women 31%; note - total National Assembly percent of women 27%

name: "Caminemos pisando la senda" (Let Us Tread the Path) lyrics/music: Atanasio Ndongo MIYONO/Atanasio Ndongo MIYONO or Ramiro Sanchez LOPEZ (disputed) note: adopted 1968

Independence Day, 12 October (1968)

silk cotton tree; national colors: green, white, red, blue

Center Right Union or UCD [Avelino MOCACHE MEHENGA] Convergence Party for Social Democracy or CPDS [Andres ESONO ONDO] Democratic Party for Equatorial Guinea or PDGE [Teodoro Obiang NGUEMA MBASOGO] Juntos Podemos (coalition includes CPDS, FDR, UDC) National Congress of Equatorial Guinea [Agustin MASOKO ABEGUE] National Democratic Party [Benedicto OBIANG MANGUE] National Union for Democracy [Thomas MBA MONABANG] Popular Action of Equatorial Guinea or APGE [Carmelo MBA BACALE] Popular Union or UP [Daniel MARTINEZ AYECABA] Social Democratic Coalition Party (PCSD)[Buenaventura MONSUY ASUMU]

18 years of age; universal

Equatorial Guinea consists of a continental territory and five inhabited islands; it is one of the smallest countries by area and population in Africa. The mainland region, contemporarily known as Rio Muni, was most likely predominantly inhibited by Pygmy ethnic groups prior to the migration of various Bantu-speaking ethnic groups around the second millennium BC. The island of Bioko, the largest of Equatorial Guinea s five inhabited islands and the location of the country s capital of Malabo, has been occupied since at least 1000 B.C. In the early 1470s, Portuguese explorers landed on Bioko Island and Portugal soon after established control of the island and other areas of modern Equatorial Guinea. In 1778, Portugal ceded its colonial hold over present-day Equatorial Guinea to Spain in the Treaty of El Pardo. The borders of modern-day Equatorial Guinea would evolve between 1778 and 1968 as the area remained under European colonial rule. In 1968, Equatorial Guinea was granted independence from Spain and elected Francisco MACIAS NGUEMA as its first president. President MACIAS consolidated power soon after his election and ruled brutally for approximately 11 years. Under his regime, Equatorial Guinea experienced mass suppression, purges, and killings. Some estimates indicate that a third of the population either went into exile or was killed under President MACIAS rule. In 1979, present-day President Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO, then a senior military officer, deposed President MACIAS in a violent coup. President OBIANG has ruled since and has been elected in non-competitive contests several times, most recently in November 2022. The president exerts almost total control over the political system and there is nearly no space for political opposition. Equatorial Guinea experienced rapid economic growth in the early years of the 21st century due to the discovery of large offshore oil reserves in 1996. Production peaked in 2004 and has declined since. The country's economic windfall from oil production resulted in massive increases in government revenue, a significant portion of which was designated for the development of infrastructure. Systemic corruption, however, has hindered socio-economic development and there have been limited improvements in the population's living standards. Equatorial Guinea continues to seek to diversify its economy, increase foreign investment, and assume a greater role in regional and international affairs.

the FAGE s National Guard (Army) has only three small infantry battalions with limited combat capabilities; the country has invested heavily in naval capabilities in recent years to protect its oil installations and combat piracy and crime in the Gulf of Guinea; while the Navy was small, its inventory includes a light frigate and a corvette, as well as several off-shore patrol boats; the Air Force has only a few operational combat aircraft and ground attack-capable helicopters (2023)

Equatorial Guinea Armed Forces (Fuerzas Armadas de Guinea Ecuatorial, FAGE): Equatorial Guinea National Guard (Guardia Nacional de Guinea Ecuatorial, GNGE (Army)), Navy, Air Force; Gendarmerie (Guardia Civil) (2023) note: police report to the Ministry of National Security, while gendarmes report to the Ministry of National Defense; police generally are responsible for maintaining law and order in the cities, while gendarmes are responsible for security outside cities and for special events; military personnel also fulfill some police functions in border areas, sensitive sites, and high-traffic areas

approximately 1,500 active-duty troops; approximately 500 Gendarmerie (2023)

the FAGE is armed with mostly older (typically Soviet-era) and second-hand weapons systems; in recent years, it has sought to modernize its naval inventory with purchases of vessels from several countries, including Bulgaria and Israel; China and Russia have also supplied small amounts of equipment to the FAGE (2023)

1.1% of GDP (2022 est.) 1.3% of GDP (2021 est.) 1.5% of GDP (2020 est.) 1.5% of GDP (2019 est.) 1.1% of GDP (2018 est.)

18 years of age for selective compulsory military service, although conscription is rare in practice; 24-month service obligation (2023)

0-14 years: 36.05% (male 323,846/female 302,666) 15-64 years: 59.01% (male 561,260/female 464,130) 65 years and over: 4.94% (2023 est.) (male 44,561/female 41,232)

total: 6.11 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) beer: 3.83 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) wine: 1.24 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) spirits: 0.99 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) other alcohols: 0.05 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

29.5 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

NA

3.8% of GDP (2020)

60.2% (2023 est.)

8.9 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Equatorial Guinea is one of the smallest and least populated countries in continental Africa and is the only independent African country where Spanish is an official language. Despite a boom in oil production in the 1990s, authoritarianism, corruption, and resource mismanagement have concentrated the benefits among a small elite. These practices have perpetuated income inequality and unbalanced development, such as low public spending on education and health care. Unemployment remains problematic because the oil-dominated economy employs a small labor force dependent on skilled foreign workers. The agricultural sector, Equatorial Guinea s main employer, continues to deteriorate because of a lack of investment and the migration of rural workers to urban areas. About two-thirds of the population lives below the poverty line as of 2020. Equatorial Guinea s large and growing youth population about 60% are under the age of 25 as of 2022 is particularly affected because job creation in the non-oil sectors is limited, and young people often do not have the skills needed in the labor market. Equatorial Guinean children frequently enter school late, have poor attendance, and have high dropout rates. Thousands of Equatorial Guineans fled across the border to Gabon in the 1970s to escape the dictatorship of Francisco MACIAS NGUEMA; smaller numbers have followed in the decades since. Continued inequitable economic growth and high youth unemployment increases the likelihood of ethnic and regional violence.

total dependency ratio: 72.2 youth dependency ratio: 66.7 elderly dependency ratio: 5.4 potential support ratio: 18.5 (2021 est.)

improved: urban: 81.7% of population rural: 32.1% of population total: 67.6% of population unimproved: urban: 18.3% of population rural: 67.9% of population total: 32.4% of population (2017 est.)

NA

Fang 85.7%, Bubi 6.5%, Ndowe 3.6%, Annobon 1.6%, Bujeba 1.1%, other 1.4% (1994 est.)

2.06 (2023 est.)

total: 77.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2023 est.) male: 83.8 deaths/1,000 live births female: 71.8 deaths/1,000 live births

Spanish (official) 67.6%, other (includes Fang, Bubi, Portuguese (official), French (official), Portuguese-based Creoles spoken in Ano Bom) 32.4% (1994 est.) major-language sample(s): La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de informaci n b sica. (Spanish) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

total population: 63.8 years (2023 est.) male: 61.5 years female: 66.1 years

definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 95.3% male: 97.4% female: 93% (2015)

degree of risk: very high (2023) food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: malaria and dengue fever animal contact diseases: rabies

297,000 MALABO (capital) (2018)

212 deaths/100,000 live births (2020 est.)

total: 21.9 years (2023 est.) male: 22.5 years female: 21.3 years

noun: Equatorial Guinean(s) or Equatoguinean(s) adjective: Equatorial Guinean or Equatoguinean

13 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

8% (2016)

0.4 physicians/1,000 population (2017)

1,737,695 (2023 est.)

only two large cities over 30,000 people (Bata on the mainland, and the capital Malabo on the island of Bioko); small communities are scattered throughout the mainland and the five inhabited islands as shown in this population distribution map

3.36% (2023 est.)

Roman Catholic 88%, Protestant 5%, Muslim 2%, other 5% (animist, Baha'i, Jewish) (2015 est.)

improved: urban: 81.2% of population rural: 63.4% of population total: 76.2% of population unimproved: urban: 18.8% of population rural: 36.6% of population total: 23.8% of population (2020 est.)

at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.21 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.08 male(s)/female total population: 1.15 male(s)/female (2023 est.)

4.19 children born/woman (2023 est.)

urban population: 74.4% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 3.62% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

total: 18.3% (2021 est.) male: 17.1% female: 19.9%

Equatorial Guinea-Cameroon: in 2002, ICJ ruled on an equidistance settlement of Cameroon-Equatorial Guinea-Nigeria maritime boundary in the Gulf of Guinea, but a dispute between Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon over an island at the mouth of the Ntem River and imprecisely defined maritime coordinates in the ICJ decision delayed final delimitation Equatorial Guinea-Gabon: dispute over Mbane Island and lesser islands in the Corisco Bay submitted to ICJ in 2016

tier rating: Tier 2 Watch List Equatorial Guinea does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but is making significant efforts to do so; the government increased anti-trafficking awareness campaigns, as well as finalized and began implementing an updated 2022-2024 national action plan and standard operating procedures on victim protection and care; officials improved internal coordination, trained local leaders and law enforcement officials in trafficking indicators, victim identification, and investigation; however, the government did not demonstrate overall increased anti-trafficking efforts compared with the previous year; officials have never convicted a trafficker under its 2004 anti-trafficking law, did not prosecute traffickers or identify victims during the reporting period, and the law did not criminalize all forms of trafficking; senior government officials allegedly were complicit in trafficking crimes; because the government devoted sufficient resources to a plan that, if implemented, would constitute significant efforts to meet minimum standards, Equatorial Guinea was granted a waiver per the Trafficking Victims Protection Act from an otherwise required downgrade to Tier 3, and therefore remained on Tier 2 Watch List for the third consecutive year (2022) trafficking profile: human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in Equatorial Guinea and Equatoguineans abroad; the majority of trafficking victims are subjected to forced domestic service and commercial sex in cities, particularly in the hospitality and restaurant sector; local and foreign women, including Latin Americans, are exploited in commercial sex domestically, while some Equatoguinean women are sex trafficked in Spain; some children from rural areas have been forced into domestic servitude; children from nearby countries are forced to labor as domestic workers, market workers, vendors, and launderers; individuals recruited from African countries and temporary workers from Brazil, the Dominican Republic, and Venezuela are sometimes exploited in forced labor and sex trafficking; observers report LGBTQI+ youth are often left homeless and stigmatized by family and society, increasing their vulnerability to trafficking (2022)

7 (2021)

6 note: paved runways have a concrete or asphalt surface but not all have facilities for refueling, maintenance, or air traffic control; the length of a runway required for aircraft to safely operate depends on a number of factors including the type of aircraft, the takeoff weight (including passengers, cargo, and fuel), engine types, flap settings, landing speed, elevation of the airport, and average maximum daily air temperature; paved runways can reach a length of 5,000 m (16,000 ft.), but the typical length of a commercial airline runway is between 2,500-4,000 m (8,000-13,000 ft.)

1 note: unpaved runways have a surface composition such as grass or packed earth and are most suited to the operation of light aircraft; unpaved runways are usually short, often less than 1,000 m (3,280 ft.) in length; airports with unpaved runways often lack facilities for refueling, maintenance, or air traffic control

3C

total: 46 (2022) by type: bulk carrier 1, general cargo 12, oil tanker 7, other 26

number of registered air carriers: 6 (2020) inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 15 annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 466,435 (2018) annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 350,000 (2018) mt-km

42 km condensate, 5 km condensate/gas, 79 km gas, 71 km oil (2013)

major seaport(s): Bata, Luba, Malabo LNG terminal(s) (export): Bioko Island

total: 2,880 km (2017)