Equatorial Guinea

presidential republic

name: Malabo; note - Malabo is on the island of Bioko; some months of the year, the government operates out of Bata on the mainland region. geographic coordinates: 3 45 N, 8 47 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) etymology: English settlers who founded the city in 1827 named it Port Clarence after the Duke of CLARENCE; the Spanish renamed it Santa Isabel in 1843, for Queen ISABELLA II of Spain; it was renamed again in 1973 after King MALABO (1837 1937), the last king of the Bubi (local ethnic group)

chief of state: President OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo (since 3 August 1979) head of government: Prime Minister Manuel Osa Nsue Nsua (since 17 August 2024) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president and overseen by the prime minister election/appointment process: president directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for a 7-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president most recent election date: 20 November 2022 election results: 2022: OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo reelected president; percent of vote - OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo (PDGE) 95%, other 6.1% 2016: OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo reelected president; percent of vote - OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo (PDGE) 93.5%, other 6.5% expected date of next election: 2029

legislature name: Parliament (Parlamento) legislative structure: bicameral

highest court(s): Supreme Court of Justice (consists of the President of the Supreme Court and nine judges organized into civil, criminal, commercial, labor, administrative, and customary sections); Constitutional Court (consists of the court president and 4 members) judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges appointed by the president for five-year terms; Constitutional Court members appointed by the president, 2 of whom are nominated by the Chamber of Deputies subordinate courts: Court of Guarantees; military courts; Courts of Appeal; first instance tribunals; district and county tribunals

history: previous 1968, 1973, 1982; approved by referendum 17 November 1991 amendment process: proposed by the president of the republic or supported by three fourths of the membership in either house of the National Assembly; passage requires three-fourths majority vote by both houses of the Assembly and approval in a referendum if requested by the president

ACP, AfDB, AU, BDEAC, CEMAC, CPLP, FAO, Francophonie, FZ, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ITSO, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OAS (observer), OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WTO (observer)

1% of GDP (2024) 1.6% of GDP (2023 est.) 1.3% of GDP (2022 est.) 1.3% of GDP (2021 est.) 1.6% of GDP (2020 est.)

Equatorial Guinea Armed Forces (Fuerzas Armadas de Guinea Ecuatorial, FAGE): Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie (Guardia Civil) (2025) note: the National Police report to the Ministry of National Security, while the Gendarmerie reports to the Ministry of National Defense; police generally are responsible for maintaining law and order in the cities, while gendarmes are responsible for security outside cities and for special events

18-25 for voluntary military service; selective compulsory military service for men; 24-month service obligation (2025)

the Armed Forces of Equatorial Guinea (FAGE) are responsible for defending the territory and sovereignty of the country; the FAGE also has some internal security duties, including fulfilling some police functions in border areas, sensitive sites, and high-traffic areas; maritime security, particularly protecting offshore oil installations and combating piracy and crime in the Gulf of Guinea, is a key priority (2025)

$29.248 billion (2024 est.) $28.985 billion (2023 est.) $30.539 billion (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars

$15,500 (2024 est.) $15,700 (2023 est.) $16,900 (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars

0.9% (2024 est.) -5.1% (2023 est.) 3.2% (2022 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency

4.8% (2022 est.) -0.1% (2021 est.) 4.8% (2020 est.) note: annual % change based on consumer prices

43.3% of GDP (2016 est.)

$4.489 billion (2024 est.) $4.516 billion (2023 est.) $7.25 billion (2022 est.) note: GDP expenditure basis - exports of goods and services in current dollars

$3.24 billion (2024 est.) $3.065 billion (2023 est.) $3.948 billion (2022 est.) note: GDP expenditure basis - imports of goods and services in current dollars

7.9% (2024 est.) 8.4% (2023 est.) 8.5% (2022 est.) note: % of labor force seeking employment

revenues: $3.62 billion (2022 est.) expenditures: $2.051 billion (2022 est.) note: central government revenues and expenses (excluding grants/extrabudgetary units/social security funds) converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated

petroleum, natural gas, sawmilling

sweet potatoes, cassava, plantains, oil palm fruit, root vegetables, bananas, coconuts, coffee, cocoa beans, chicken (2023) note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage

total: 1,795,834 (2024 est.) male: 962,385 female: 833,449

3.1% (2025 est.)

0-14 years: 35.6% (male 330,636/female 309,528) 15-64 years: 59.4% (male 585,139/female 481,121) 65 years and over: 5% (2024 est.) (male 46,610/female 42,800)

28.55 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)

8.81 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)

11.29 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)

total population: 63.9 years (2024 est.) male: 61.6 years female: 66.2 years

urban population: 74.4% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 3.62% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Fang 78.1%, Bubi 9.4%, Ndowe 2.8%, Nanguedambo 2.7%, Bisio 0.9%, foreigner 5.3%, other 0.7%, unspecified 0.2% (2011 est.)

Spanish (official) 67.6%, other (includes Fang, Bubi, Portuguese (official), French (official), Fa d'Ambo spoken in Annobon) 32.4% (1994 est.) major-language sample(s): La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de informaci n b sica. (Spanish) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Roman Catholic 88%, Protestant 5%, Muslim 2%, other 5% (animist, Baha'i, Jewish) (2015 est.)

petroleum, natural gas, timber, gold, bauxite, diamonds, tantalum, sand and gravel, clay

refugees: 5 (2024 est.)

7 (2025)

total: 53 (2023) by type: bulk carrier 1, general cargo 16, oil tanker 7, other 29

total subscriptions: 893,441 (2022 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 50 (2022 est.)

percent of population: 60% (2023 est.)