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Communications

Broadcast media [time series]

nearly 70 federal government-controlled national and regional TV stations; all 36 states operate TV stations; several private TV stations operational; cable and satellite TV subscription services are available; network of federal government-controlled national, regional, and state radio stations; roughly 40 state government-owned radio stations typically carry their own programs except for news broadcasts; about 20 private radio stations; transmissions of international broadcasters are available (2007)

Internet country code [time series]

.ng

Internet users (Internet hosts) [time series]

1,234 (2012) country comparison to the world: 169

Internet users [time series]

43.989 million (2009) country comparison to the world: 9

Telecommunication systems (Telephone system) [time series]

general assessment: further expansion and modernization of the fixed-line telephone network is needed; network quality remains a problem domestic: the addition of a second fixed-line provider in 2002 resulted in faster growth but subscribership remains only about 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular services growing rapidly, in part responding to the shortcomings of the fixed-line network; multiple cellular providers operate nationally with subscribership base approaching 60 per 100 persons international: country code - 234; landing point for the SAT-3/WASC fiber-optic submarine cable that provides connectivity to Europe and Asia; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) (2010)

Telephones - fixed lines (Telephones - main lines in use) [time series]

418,200 (2012) country comparison to the world: 102

Telephones - mobile cellular [time series]

112.78 million (2012) country comparison to the world: 10

Economy

Agricultural products (Agriculture - products) [time series]

cocoa, peanuts, cotton, palm oil, corn, rice, sorghum, millet, cassava (tapioca), yams, rubber; cattle, sheep, goats, pigs; timber; fish

Budget [time series]

revenues: $22.35 billion expenditures: $27.87 billion (2012 est.)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) [time series]

-2.1% of GDP (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 90

Central bank discount rate [time series]

4.25% (31 December 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 61 6% (31 December 2009 est.)

Commercial bank prime lending rate [time series]

16.79% (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 34 16.02% (31 December 2011 est.)

Current account balance [time series]

$20.35 billion (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 18 $12.55 billion (2011 est.)

Debt - external [time series]

$13.4 billion (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 91 $13.11 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income (Distribution of family income - Gini index) [time series]

43.7 (2003) country comparison to the world: 47 50.6 (1997)

Economic overview (Economy - overview) [time series]

Oil-rich Nigeria has been hobbled by political instability, corruption, inadequate infrastructure, and poor macroeconomic management, but in 2008 began pursuing economic reforms. Nigeria's former military rulers failed to diversify the economy away from its overdependence on the capital-intensive oil sector, which provides 95% of foreign exchange earnings and about 80% of budgetary revenues. Following the signing of an IMF stand-by agreement in August 2000, Nigeria received a debt-restructuring deal from the Paris Club and a $1 billion credit from the IMF, both contingent on economic reforms. Nigeria pulled out of its IMF program in April 2002, after failing to meet spending and exchange rate targets, making it ineligible for additional debt forgiveness from the Paris Club. In November 2005, Abuja won Paris Club approval for a debt-relief deal that eliminated $18 billion of debt in exchange for $12 billion in payments - a total package worth $30 billion of Nigeria's total $37 billion external debt. Since 2008 the government has begun to show the political will to implement the market-oriented reforms urged by the IMF, such as modernizing the banking system, removing subsidies, and resolving regional disputes over the distribution of earnings from the oil industry. GDP rose strongly in 2007-12 because of growth in non-oil sectors and robust global crude oil prices. President JONATHAN has established an economic team that includes experienced and reputable members and has announced plans to increase transparency, diversify economic growth, and improve fiscal management. Lack of infrastructure and slow implementation of reforms are key impediments to growth. The government is working toward developing stronger public-private partnerships for roads, agriculture, and power. Nigeria's financial sector was hurt by the global financial and economic crises, but the Central Bank governor has taken measures to restructure and strengthen the sector to include imposing mandatory higher minimum capital requirements.

Exchange rates [time series]

nairas (NGN) per US dollar - 156.81 (2012 est.) 154.74 (2011 est.) 150.3 (2010 est.) 148.9 (2009) 117.8 (2008)

Exports [time series]

$95.68 billion (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 40 $96.37 billion (2011 est.)

Exports - commodities [time series]

petroleum and petroleum products 95%, cocoa, rubber

Exports - partners [time series]

US 16.8%, India 11.5%, Netherlands 8.6%, Spain 7.8%, Brazil 7.6%, UK 5.1%, Germany 4.9%, Japan 4.1%, France 4.1% (2012)

Fiscal year [time series]

calendar year

GDP (official exchange rate) [time series]

$266.6 billion (2012 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) (GDP (purchasing power parity)) [time series]

$444.3 billion (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 31 $416.9 billion (2011 est.) $388.3 billion (2010 est.) note: data are in 2012 US dollars

GDP - composition, by end use [time series]

household consumption: 47.4% government consumption: 11.8% investment in fixed capital: 8.2% investment in inventories: 0% exports of goods and services: 55.4% imports of goods and services: -22.8% (2012 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin [time series]

agriculture: 30.9% industry: 43% services: 26% (2012 est.)

Real GDP per capita (GDP - per capita (PPP)) [time series]

$2,700 (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 179 $2,600 (2011 est.) $2,500 (2010 est.) note: data are in 2012 US dollars

Real GDP growth rate (GDP - real growth rate) [time series]

6.6% (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 34 7.4% (2011 est.) 8% (2010 est.)

Gross national saving [time series]

15.9% of GDP (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 98 15.4% of GDP (2011 est.) 17.9% of GDP (2010 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share [time series]

lowest 10%: 1.8% highest 10%: 38.2% (2010 est.)

Imports [time series]

$53.36 billion (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 53 $61.65 billion (2011 est.)

Imports - commodities [time series]

machinery, chemicals, transport equipment, manufactured goods, food and live animals

Imports - partners [time series]

China 18.3%, US 10.1%, India 5.5% (2012)

Industrial production growth rate [time series]

2.3% (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 98

Industries [time series]

crude oil, coal, tin, columbite; rubber products, wood; hides and skins, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food products, footwear, chemicals, fertilizer, printing, ceramics, steel

Inflation rate (consumer prices) [time series]

12.2% (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 207 10.8% (2011 est.)

Labor force [time series]

5.5 million (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 68

Labor force - by occupation [time series]

agriculture: 70% industry: 10% services: 20% (1999 est.)

Market value of publicly traded shares [time series]

$39.27 billion (31 December 2011) country comparison to the world: 51 $50.88 billion (31 December 2010) $33.32 billion (31 December 2009)

Population below poverty line [time series]

70% (2010 est.)

Public debt [time series]

17.9% of GDP (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 132 17.1% of GDP (2011 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold [time series]

$46.41 billion (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 42 $35.21 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Stock of broad money [time series]

$80.1 billion (31 December 2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 57 $74.08 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad [time series]

$7.444 billion (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 61 $5.865 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment - at home [time series]

$76.75 billion (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 44 $69.24 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Stock of domestic credit [time series]

$93.5 billion (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 53 $89.37 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Stock of narrow money [time series]

$44.41 billion (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 49 $42.79 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Taxes and other revenues [time series]

8.4% of GDP (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 209

Unemployment rate [time series]

23.9% (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 170 4.9% (2011 est.)

Energy

Carbon dioxide emissions (Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy) [time series]

75.96 million Mt (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 47

Crude oil - exports [time series]

2.341 million bbl/day (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 5

Crude oil - imports [time series]

0 bbl/day (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 104

Crude oil - production [time series]

2.524 million bbl/day (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 12

Crude oil - proved reserves [time series]

37.2 billion bbl (1 January 2013 es) country comparison to the world: 10

Electricity - consumption [time series]

20.38 billion kWh (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 69

Electricity - exports [time series]

0 kWh (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 112

Electricity - from fossil fuels [time series]

67.1% of total installed capacity (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 114

Electricity - from hydroelectric plants [time series]

32.8% of total installed capacity (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 69

Electricity - from nuclear fuels [time series]

0% of total installed capacity (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 150

Electricity - from other renewable sources [time series]

0% of total installed capacity (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 105

Electricity - imports [time series]

0 kWh (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 113

Electricity - installed generating capacity [time series]

5.9 million kW (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 72

Electricity - production [time series]

24.87 billion kWh (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 68

Natural gas - consumption [time series]

5.03 billion cu m (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 61

Natural gas - exports [time series]

25.96 billion cu m (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 16

Natural gas - imports [time series]

0 cu m (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 106

Natural gas - production [time series]

31.36 billion cu m (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 29

Natural gas - proved reserves [time series]

5.153 trillion cu m (1 January 2013 es) country comparison to the world: 9

Refined petroleum products - consumption [time series]

271,600 bbl/day (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 46

Refined petroleum products - exports [time series]

18,750 bbl/day (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 73

Refined petroleum products - imports [time series]

151,700 bbl/day (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 38

Refined petroleum products - production [time series]

101,300 bbl/day (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 74

Geography

Area [time series]

total: 923,768 sq km country comparison to the world: 32 land: 910,768 sq km water: 13,000 sq km

Area - comparative [time series]

slightly more than twice the size of California

Climate [time series]

varies; equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in north

Coastline [time series]

853 km

Elevation (Elevation extremes) [time series]

lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Chappal Waddi 2,419 m

Environment - current issues [time series]

soil degradation; rapid deforestation; urban air and water pollution; desertification; oil pollution - water, air, and soil; has suffered serious damage from oil spills; loss of arable land; rapid urbanization

International environmental agreements (Environment - international agreements) [time series]

party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Total water withdrawal (Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)) [time series]

total: 13.11 cu km/yr (31%/15%/54%) per capita: 89.21 cu m/yr (2005)

Geographic coordinates [time series]

10 00 N, 8 00 E

Geography - note [time series]

the Niger enters the country in the northwest and flows southward through tropical rain forests and swamps to its delta in the Gulf of Guinea

Irrigated land [time series]

2,932 sq km (2004)

Land boundaries [time series]

total: 4,047 km border countries: Benin 773 km, Cameroon 1,690 km, Chad 87 km, Niger 1,497 km

Land use [time series]

arable land: 38.97% permanent crops: 3.46% other: 57.57% (2011)

Location [time series]

Western Africa, bordering the Gulf of Guinea, between Benin and Cameroon

Map references [time series]

Africa

Maritime claims [time series]

territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200 m depth or to the depth of exploitation

Natural hazards [time series]

periodic droughts; flooding

Natural resources [time series]

natural gas, petroleum, tin, iron ore, coal, limestone, niobium, lead, zinc, arable land

Terrain [time series]

southern lowlands merge into central hills and plateaus; mountains in southeast, plains in north

Total renewable water resources [time series]

286.2 cu km (2011)

Government

Administrative divisions [time series]

36 states and 1 territory*; Abia, Adamawa, Akwa Ibom, Anambra, Bauchi, Bayelsa, Benue, Borno, Cross River, Delta, Ebonyi, Edo, Ekiti, Enugu, Federal Capital Territory*, Gombe, Imo, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Kogi, Kwara, Lagos, Nassarawa, Niger, Ogun, Ondo, Osun, Oyo, Plateau, Rivers, Sokoto, Taraba, Yobe, Zamfara

Capital [time series]

name: Abuja geographic coordinates: 9 05 N, 7 32 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)

Constitution [time series]

several previous; latest adopted 5 May 1999, effective 29 May 1999; amended 2010 (2010)

Country name [time series]

conventional long form: Federal Republic of Nigeria conventional short form: Nigeria

Diplomatic representation from the US [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador James F. ENTWISTLE (since 28 October 2013) embassy: Plot 1075 Diplomatic Drive, Central District Area, Abuja mailing address: P. O. Box 5760, Garki, Abuja telephone: [234] (9) 461-4000 FAX: [234] (9) 461-4171

Diplomatic representation in the US [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador Adebowale Ibidapo ADEFUYE (since 26 March 2010) chancery: 3519 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 986-8400 FAX: [1] (202) 362-6541 consulate(s) general: Atlanta, New York

Executive branch [time series]

chief of state: President Goodluck JONATHAN (since 5 May 2010, acting since 9 February 2010); Vice President Mohammed Namadi SAMBO (since 19 May 2010); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government; JONATHAN assumed the presidency on 5 May 2010 following the death of President YAR'ADUA; JONATHAN was declared Acting President on 9 February 2010 by the National Assembly during the extended illness of the former president head of government: President Goodluck JONATHAN (since 5 May 2010, acting since 9 February 2010); Vice President Mohammed Namadi SAMBO (since 19 May 2010) cabinet: Federal Executive Council (For more information visit theWorld Leaders website) elections: president elected by popular vote for a four-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 16 April 2011 (next to be held in April 2015) election results: Goodluck JONATHAN elected president; percent of vote - Goodluck JONATHAN 58.9%, Muhammadu BUHARI 32.0%, Nuhu RIBADU 5.4%, Ibrahim SHEKARAU 2.4%, other 1.3%

Flag (Flag description) [time series]

three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green; the color green represents the forests and abundant natural wealth of the country, white stands for peace and unity

Government type [time series]

federal republic

Independence [time series]

1 October 1960 (from the UK)

International law organization participation [time series]

accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

International organization participation [time series]

ACP, AfDB, AU, C, CD, D-8, ECOWAS, EITI (compliant country), FAO, G-15, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, MONUSCO, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNISFA, UNITAR, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Judicial branch [time series]

highest court(s): Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and 15 justices) judge selection and term of office: judges appointed by the president on the recommendation of the National Judicial Council, a 23-member independent body of federal and state judicial officials; judge appointments confirmed by the Senate; judges serve until age 65 subordinate courts: Court of Appeal; Federal High Court; High Court of the Federal Capital Territory; Sharia Court of Appeal of the Federal Capital Territory; Customary Court of Appeal of the Federal Capital Territory; state court system similar in structure to federal system

Legal system [time series]

mixed legal system of English common law, Islamic law (in 12 northern states), and traditional law

Legislative branch [time series]

bicameral National Assembly consists of the Senate (109 seats, 3 from each state plus 1 from Abuja; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) and House of Representatives (360 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: Senate - last held on 9 and 26 April 2011 (next to be held in 2015); House of Representatives - last held on 9 and 26 April 2011 (next to be held in 2015) election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PDP 73, ACN 17, ANPP 7, CPC 6, LP 4, other 2; House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PDP 205, ACN 69, CPC 36, ANPP 28, LP 9, APGA 6, ACC 5, other 2; note - due to logistical problems elections in a number of constituencies were held on 26 April 2011

National anthem(s) (National anthem) [time series]

name: "Arise Oh Compatriots, Nigeria's Call Obey"

National holiday [time series]

Independence Day (National Day), 1 October (1960)

National symbol(s) [time series]

eagle

Political parties (Political parties and leaders) [time series]

Accord Party or ACC [Mohammad Lawal MALADO] Action Congress of Nigeria or ACN [Adebisi Bamidele AKANDE] All Nigeria Peoples Party or ANPP [Ogbonnaya C. ONU] All Progressives Grand Alliance or APGA [Victor C. UMEH] Congress for Progressive Change or CPC [Tony MOMOH] Democratic Peoples Party or DPP [Jeremiah USENI] Labor Party [Umar MUSTAPHA] Peoples Democratic Party or PDP [Bamanga TUKUR]

Political parties (Political pressure groups and leaders) [time series]

Academic Staff Union for Universities or ASUU Campaign for Democracy or CD Civil Liberties Organization or CLO Committee for the Defense of Human Rights or CDHR Constitutional Right Project or CRP Human Right Africa National Association of Democratic Lawyers or NADL National Association of Nigerian Students or NANS Nigerian Bar Association or NBA Nigerian Labor Congress or NLC Nigerian Medical Association or NMA the press Universal Defenders of Democracy or UDD

Suffrage [time series]

18 years of age; universal

Introduction

Background [time series]

British influence and control over what would become Nigeria and Africa's most populous country grew through the 19th century. A series of constitutions after World War II granted Nigeria greater autonomy; independence came in 1960. Following nearly 16 years of military rule, a new constitution was adopted in 1999, and a peaceful transition to civilian government was completed. The government continues to face the daunting task of reforming a petroleum-based economy, whose revenues have been squandered through corruption and mismanagement, and institutionalizing democracy. In addition, Nigeria continues to experience longstanding ethnic and religious tensions. Although both the 2003 and 2007 presidential elections were marred by significant irregularities and violence, Nigeria is currently experiencing its longest period of civilian rule since independence. The general elections of April 2007 marked the first civilian-to-civilian transfer of power in the country's history.

Military

Manpower available for military service [time series]

males age 16-49: 37,087,711 females age 16-49: 35,232,127 (2010 est.)

Manpower fit for military service [time series]

males age 16-49: 20,839,976 females age 16-49: 19,867,683 (2010 est.)

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually [time series]

male: 1,767,428 female: 1,687,719 (2010 est.)

Military and security forces (Military branches) [time series]

Nigerian Armed Forces: Army, Navy, Air Force (2013)

Military expenditures [time series]

0.9% of GDP (2012) country comparison to the world: 131

Military service age and obligation [time series]

18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2012)

People and Society

Age structure [time series]

0-14 years: 43.8% (male 39,127,615/female 37,334,281) 15-24 years: 19.3% (male 17,201,067/female 16,451,357) 25-54 years: 30.1% (male 25,842,967/female 26,699,432) 55-64 years: 3.8% (male 3,016,896/female 3,603,048) 65 years and over: 3% (male 2,390,154/female 2,840,722) (2013 est.)

Birth rate [time series]

38.78 births/1,000 population (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 13

Child labor - children ages 5-14 [time series]

total number: 11,396,823 percentage: 29 % (2007 est.)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight [time series]

26.7% (2008) country comparison to the world: 23

Contraceptive prevalence rate [time series]

14.1% (2011)

Death rate [time series]

13.2 deaths/1,000 population (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 18

Dependency ratios [time series]

total dependency ratio: 89 % youth dependency ratio: 83.8 % elderly dependency ratio: 5.2 % potential support ratio: 19.3 (2013)

Drinking water source [time series]

improved: urban: 74% of population rural: 43% of population total: 58% of population unimproved: urban: 26% of population rural: 57% of population total: 42% of population (2010 est.)

Education expenditure (Education expenditures) [time series]

Ethnic groups [time series]

Nigeria, Africa's most populous country, is composed of more than 250 ethnic groups; the following are the most populous and politically influential: Hausa and Fulani 29%, Yoruba 21%, Igbo (Ibo) 18%, Ijaw 10%, Kanuri 4%, Ibibio 3.5%, Tiv 2.5%

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate [time series]

3.6% (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 17

HIV/AIDS - deaths [time series]

220,000 (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 2

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS [time series]

3.3 million (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 2

Health expenditure (Health expenditures) [time series]

5.3% of GDP (2011) country comparison to the world: 127

Hospital bed density [time series]

0.53 beds/1,000 population (2004)

Infant mortality rate [time series]

total: 72.97 deaths/1,000 live births country comparison to the world: 15 male: 77.98 deaths/1,000 live births female: 67.66 deaths/1,000 live births (2013 est.)

Languages [time series]

English (official), Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo (Ibo), Fulani, over 500 additional indigenous languages

Life expectancy at birth [time series]

total population: 52.46 years country comparison to the world: 211 male: 49.35 years female: 55.77 years (2013 est.)

Literacy [time series]

definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 61.3% male: 72.1% female: 50.4% (2010 est.)

Major infectious diseases [time series]

degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: malaria, dengue fever, and yellow fever water contact diseases: leptospirosis and schistosomiasis respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis aerosolized dust or soil contact disease: one of the most highly endemic areas for Lassa fever animal contact disease: rabies note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2013)

Major urban areas - population [time series]

Lagos 10.203 million; Kano 3.304 million; Ibadan 2.762 million; ABUJA (capital) 1.857 million; Kaduna 1.519 million (2009)

Maternal mortality ratio (Maternal mortality rate) [time series]

630 deaths/100,000 live births (2010) country comparison to the world: 11

Median age [time series]

total: 17.9 years male: 17.4 years female: 18.4 years (2013 est.)

Mother's mean age at first birth [time series]

20.9 (2008 est.)

Nationality [time series]

noun: Nigerian(s) adjective: Nigerian

Net migration rate [time series]

-0.22 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 119

Obesity - adult prevalence rate [time series]

6.5% (2008) country comparison to the world: 146

Physician density (Physicians density) [time series]

0.4 physicians/1,000 population (2008)

Population [time series]

174,507,539 (July 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 8 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, higher death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected

Population growth rate [time series]

2.54% (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 29

Religions [time series]

Muslim 50%, Christian 40%, indigenous beliefs 10%

Sanitation facility access [time series]

improved: urban: 35% of population rural: 27% of population total: 31% of population unimproved: urban: 65% of population rural: 73% of population total: 69% of population (2010 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) [time series]

total: 9 years male: 10 years female: 8 years (2005)

Sex ratio [time series]

at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.85 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2013 est.)

Total fertility rate [time series]

5.31 children born/woman (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 13

Urbanization [time series]

urban population: 49.6% of total population (2011) rate of urbanization: 3.75% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

Transnational Issues

Disputes - international [time series]

Joint Border Commission with Cameroon reviewed 2002 ICJ ruling on the entire boundary and bilaterally resolved differences, including June 2006 Greentree Agreement that immediately cedes sovereignty of the Bakassi Peninsula to Cameroon with a phase-out of Nigerian control within two years while resolving patriation issues; the ICJ ruled on an equidistance settlement of Cameroon-Equatorial Guinea-Nigeria maritime boundary in the Gulf of Guinea, but imprecisely defined coordinates in the ICJ decision and a sovereignty dispute between Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon over an island at the mouth of the Ntem River all contribute to the delay in implementation; only Nigeria and Cameroon have heeded the Lake Chad Commission's admonition to ratify the delimitation treaty which also includes the Chad-Niger and Niger-Nigeria boundaries; location of Benin-Niger-Nigeria tripoint is unresolved

Illicit drugs [time series]

a transit point for heroin and cocaine intended for European, East Asian, and North American markets; consumer of amphetamines; safe haven for Nigerian narcotraffickers operating worldwide; major money-laundering center; massive corruption and criminal activity; Nigeria has improved some anti-money-laundering controls, resulting in its removal from the Financial Action Task Force's (FATF's) Noncooperative Countries and Territories List in June 2006; Nigeria's anti-money-laundering regime continues to be monitored by FATF

Refugees and internally displaced persons [time series]

refugees (country of origin): 5,299 (Liberia) (2011) IDPs: undetermined (communal violence between Christians and Muslims, political violence; flooding; forced evictions; competition for resources; displacement is mostly short-term) (2012)

Transportation

Airports [time series]

54 (2013) country comparison to the world: 87

Airports - with paved runways [time series]

total: 40 over 3,047 m: 10 2,438 to 3,047 m: 12 1,524 to 2,437 m: 9 914 to 1,523 m: 6 under 914 m: 3 (2013)

Airports - with unpaved runways [time series]

total: 14 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 9 under 914 m: 3 (2013)

Heliports [time series]

5 (2013)

Merchant marine [time series]

total: 89 country comparison to the world: 54 by type: cargo 2, chemical tanker 28, liquefied gas 1, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 56, specialized tanker 1 foreign-owned: 3 (India 1, UK 2) registered in other countries: 33 (Bahamas 2, Bermuda 11, Comoros 1, Italy 1, Liberia 4, North Korea 1, Panama 6, Seychelles 1, unknown 6) (2010)

Pipelines [time series]

condensate 124 km; gas 4,045 km; liquid petroleum gas 164 km; oil 4,441 km; refined products 3,940 km (2013)

Ports (Ports and terminals) [time series]

Bonny Inshore Terminal, Calabar, Lagos

Railways [time series]

total: 3,505 km country comparison to the world: 50 narrow gauge: 3,505 km 1.067-m gauge (2008)

Roadways [time series]

total: 193,200 km country comparison to the world: 27 paved: 28,980 km unpaved: 164,220 km (2004)

Transportation - note [time series]

the International Maritime Bureau reports the territorial and offshore waters in the Niger Delta and Gulf of Guinea as high risk for piracy and armed robbery against ships; in 2012, 27 commercial vessels were boarded or attacked compared with 10 attacks in 2011; crews were robbed and stores or cargoes stolen; Nigerian pirates have extended the range of their attacks to as far away as Cote d'Ivoire

Waterways [time series]

8,600 km (Niger and Benue rivers and smaller rivers and creeks) (2011) country comparison to the world: 15