Internet users (Internet Service Providers (ISPs)) [time series]

11 (2000)

Internet country code [time series]

.ng

Internet users [time series]

100,000 (2000)

Broadcast media (Radio broadcast stations) [time series]

AM 83, FM 36, shortwave 11 (2001)

Radios [time series]

23.5 million (1997)

Telecommunication systems (Telephone system) [time series]

general assessment: an inadequate system, further limited by poor maintenance; major expansion is required and a start has been made domestic: intercity traffic is carried by coaxial cable, microwave radio relay, a domestic communications satellite system with 19 earth stations, and a coastal submarine cable; mobile cellular facilities and the Internet are available international: satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean); coaxial submarine cable SAFE (South African Far East)

Telephones - fixed lines (Telephones - main lines in use) [time series]

500,000 (2000 est)

Telephones - mobile cellular [time series]

200,000 (2001)

Broadcast media (Television broadcast stations) [time series]

3 (the government controls 2 of the broadcasting stations and 15 repeater stations) (2002)

Televisions [time series]

6.9 million (1997)

Agricultural products (Agriculture - products) [time series]

cocoa, peanuts, palm oil, corn, rice, sorghum, millet, cassava (tapioca), yams, rubber; cattle, sheep, goats, pigs; timber; fish

Budget [time series]

revenues: $3.4 billion expenditures: $3.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)

Exchange rates (Currency) [time series]

naira (NGN)

Exchange rates (Currency code) [time series]

NGN

Debt - external [time series]

$32 billion (2000 est.)

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income (Distribution of family income - Gini index) [time series]

51 (1996-97 )

Economic aid (Economic aid - recipient) [time series]

ODA $250 million (1998) (1998)

Economic overview (Economy - overview) [time series]

The oil-rich Nigerian economy, long hobbled by political instability, corruption, and poor macroeconomic management, is undergoing substantial economic reform under the new civilian administration. Nigeria's former military rulers failed to diversify the economy away from overdependence on the capital-intensive oil sector, which provides 20% of GDP, 95% of foreign exchange earnings, and about 65% of budgetary revenues. The largely subsistence agricultural sector has failed to keep up with rapid population growth, and Nigeria, once a large net exporter of food, now must import food. Following the signing of an IMF stand-by agreement in August 2000, Nigeria received a debt-restructuring deal from the Paris Club and a $1 billion credit from the IMF, both contingent on economic reforms. The agreement was allowed to expire by the IMF in November 2001, however, and Nigeria appears unlikely to receive substantial multilateral assistance in 2002. Nonetheless, increases in foreign oil investment and oil production should push growth over 4% in 2002.

Electricity - consumption [time series]

14.768 billion kWh (2000)

Electricity - exports [time series]

19 million kWh (2000)

Electricity - imports [time series]

0 kWh (2000)

Electricity - production [time series]

15.9 billion kWh (2000)

Electricity - production by source [time series]

fossil fuel: 64% hydro: 36% other: 0% (2000) nuclear: 0%

Exchange rates [time series]

nairas per US dollar - 115 (January 2002), 101.697 (2000), 92.338 (1999), 21.886 (1998), 21.886 (1997)

Exports [time series]

$20.3 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.)

Exports - commodities [time series]

petroleum and petroleum products 95%, cocoa, rubber

Exports - partners [time series]

US 46%, Spain 11%, India 6%, France 5%, Brazil (2000)

Fiscal year [time series]

calendar year

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) (GDP) [time series]

purchasing power parity - $105.9 billion (2001 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin (GDP - composition by sector) [time series]

agriculture: 39% industry: 33% services: 28% (2000 est.)

Real GDP per capita (GDP - per capita) [time series]

purchasing power parity - $840 (2001 est.)

Real GDP growth rate (GDP - real growth rate) [time series]

3.5% (2001 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share [time series]

lowest 10%: 2% highest 10%: 41% (1996-97)

Imports [time series]

$13.7 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.)

Imports - commodities [time series]

machinery, chemicals, transport equipment, manufactured goods, food and live animals

Imports - partners [time series]

UK 11%, US 9%, France 9%, Germany 7%, China (2000)

Industrial production growth rate [time series]

-0.3% (2001 est.)

Industries [time series]

crude oil, coal, tin, columbite, palm oil, peanuts, cotton, rubber, wood, hides and skins, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food products, footwear, chemicals, fertilizer, printing, ceramics, steel

Inflation rate (consumer prices) [time series]

14.9% (2001 est.)

Labor force [time series]

66 million (1999 est.)

Labor force - by occupation [time series]

agriculture 70%, industry 10%, services 20% (1999 est.)

Population below poverty line [time series]

45% (2000 est.)

Unemployment rate [time series]

0.28% 28% (1992 est.) (1992 est.)

Area [time series]

total: 923,768 sq km water: 13,000 sq km land: 910,768 sq km

Area - comparative [time series]

slightly more than twice the size of California

Climate [time series]

varies; equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in north

Coastline [time series]

853 km

Elevation (Elevation extremes) [time series]

lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Chappal Waddi 2,419 m

Environment - current issues [time series]

soil degradation; rapid deforestation; urban air and water pollution; desertification; oil pollution - water, air, and soil; has suffered serious damage from oil spills; loss of arable land; rapid urbanization

International environmental agreements (Environment - international agreements) [time series]

party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Geographic coordinates [time series]

10 00 N, 8 00 E

Geography - note [time series]

the Niger enters the country in the northwest and flows southward through tropical rain forests and swamps to its delta in the Gulf of Guinea

Irrigated land [time series]

2,330 sq km (1998 est.)

Land boundaries [time series]

total: 4,047 km border countries: Benin 773 km, Cameroon 1,690 km, Chad 87 km, Niger 1,497 km

Land use [time series]

arable land: 30.96% permanent crops: 2.79% other: 66.25% (1998 est.)

Location [time series]

Western Africa, bordering the Gulf of Guinea, between Benin and Cameroon

Map references [time series]

Africa

Maritime claims [time series]

continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM

Natural hazards [time series]

periodic droughts; flooding

Natural resources [time series]

natural gas, petroleum, tin, columbite, iron ore, coal, limestone, lead, zinc, arable land

Terrain [time series]

southern lowlands merge into central hills and plateaus; mountains in southeast, plains in north

Administrative divisions [time series]

36 states and 1 territory*; Abia, Abuja Federal Capital Territory*, Adamawa, Akwa Ibom, Anambra, Bauchi, Bayelsa, Benue, Borno, Cross River, Delta, Ebonyi, Edo, Ekiti, Enugu, Gombe, Imo, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Kogi, Kwara, Lagos, Nassarawa, Niger, Ogun, Ondo, Osun, Oyo, Plateau, Rivers, Sokoto, Taraba, Yobe, Zamfara

Capital [time series]

Abuja; note - on 12 December 1991 the capital was officially transferred from Lagos to Abuja; most federal government offices have now made the move to Abuja

Constitution [time series]

new constitution adopted May 1999

Country name [time series]

conventional long form: Federal Republic of Nigeria conventional short form: Nigeria

Diplomatic representation from the US [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador Howard Franklin JETER embassy: 7 Mambilla Drive, Abuja mailing address: P. O. Box 554, Lagos telephone: [234] (9) 523-0916/0906/5857/2235/2205 FAX: [234] (9) 523-0353

Diplomatic representation in the US [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador Jibril AMINU consulate(s) general: Atlanta and New York FAX: [1] (202) 775-1385 telephone: [1] (202) 986-8400 chancery: 1333 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20036

Executive branch [time series]

chief of state: President Olusegun OBASANJO (since 29 May 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Olusegun OBASANJO (since 29 May 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Federal Executive Council elections: president is elected by popular vote for no more than two four-year terms; election last held 27 February 1999 (next to be held 19 April 2003) election results: Olusegun OBASANJO elected president; percent of vote - Olusegun OBASANJO (PDP) 62.8%, Olu FALAE (APP-AD) 37.2%

Flag (Flag description) [time series]

three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green

Government type [time series]

republic transitioning from military to civilian rule

Independence [time series]

1 October 1960 (from UK)

International organization participation [time series]

ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, G-19, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, MONUC, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNITAR, UNMEE, UNMIK, UNMOP, UNMOT, UNMOVIC, UNU, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO

Judicial branch [time series]

Supreme Court (judges appointed by the President); Federal Court of Appeal (judges are appointed by the federal government on the advice of the Advisory Judicial Committee)

Legal system [time series]

based on English common law, Islamic Shariah law (only in some northern states), and traditional law

Legislative branch [time series]

bicameral National Assembly consists of Senate (109 seats, three from each state and one from the Federal Capital Territory; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) and House of Representatives (360 seats, members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: Senate - last held 20-24 February 1999 (next to be held 13 April 2003); House of Representatives - last held 20-24 February 1999 (next to be held 13 April 2003) election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - PDP 58%, APP 23%, AD 19%; seats by party - PDP 67, APP 23, AD 19; House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - PDP 58%, APP 30%, AD 12%; seats by party - PDP 221, APP 70, AD 69

National holiday [time series]

Independence Day (National Day), 1 October (1960)

Political parties (Political parties and leaders) [time series]

All People's Party or APP [leader NA]; Alliance for Democracy or AD [Alhaji Adamu ABDULKADIR]; People's Democratic Party or PDP [Audu OGBEH]

Political parties (Political pressure groups and leaders) [time series]

NA

Suffrage [time series]

18 years of age; universal

Background [time series]

Following nearly 16 years of military rule, a new constitution was adopted in 1999, and a peaceful transition to civilian government was completed. The president faces the daunting task of rebuilding a petroleum-based economy, whose revenues have been squandered through corruption and mismanagement, and institutionalizing democracy. In addition, the OBASANJO administration must defuse longstanding ethnic and religious tensions, if it is to build a sound foundation for economic growth and political stability.

Military and security forces (Military branches) [time series]

Army, Navy, Air Force, Police Force

Military expenditures - dollar figure [time series]

$374.9 million (FY01)

Military expenditures (Military expenditures - percent of GDP) [time series]

1% (FY01)

Military manpower - availability [time series]

males age 15-49: 30,808,598 (2002 est.)

Military manpower - fit for military service [time series]

males age 15-49: 17,698,911 (2002 est.)

Military manpower - military age [time series]

18 years of age (2002 est.)

Military manpower - reaching military age annually [time series]

males: 1,375,112 (2002 est.)

Age structure [time series]

0-14 years: 43.6% (male 28,503,211; female 28,156,976) 15-64 years: 53.6% (male 35,418,119; female 34,179,802) 65 years and over: 2.8% (male 1,832,682; female 1,844,121) (2002 est.)

Birth rate [time series]

39.22 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)

Death rate [time series]

14.1 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)

Ethnic groups [time series]

Nigeria, which is Africa's most populous country, is composed of more than 250 ethnic groups; the following are the most populous and politically influential: Hausa and Fulani 29%, Yoruba 21%, Igbo (Ibo) 18%, Ijaw 10%, Kanuri 4%, Ibibio 3.5%, Tiv 2.5%

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate [time series]

5.06% (1999 est.)

HIV/AIDS - deaths [time series]

250,000 (1999 est.)

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS [time series]

2.7 million (1999 est.)

Infant mortality rate [time series]

72.49 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)

Languages [time series]

English (official), Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo (Ibo), Fulani

Life expectancy at birth [time series]

total population: 50.59 years female: 50.6 years (2002 est.) male: 50.58 years

Literacy [time series]

definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 57.1% male: 67.3% female: 47.3% (1995 est.)

Nationality [time series]

noun: Nigerian(s) adjective: Nigerian

Net migration rate [time series]

0.27 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)

Population [time series]

129,934,911 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2002 est.)

Population growth rate [time series]

2.54% (2002 est.)

Religions [time series]

Muslim 50%, Christian 40%, indigenous beliefs 10%

Sex ratio [time series]

at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.99 male(s)/female total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2002 est.)

Total fertility rate [time series]

5.49 children born/woman (2002 est.)

Disputes - international [time series]

Nigeria disputes several villages with Benin along the Okpara River, and only 35 km of their common boundary are demarcated; the Benin-Niger-Nigeria tripoint remains undemarcated; Lake Chad Basin Commission urges signatories Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria to ratify delimitation treaty over lake region, the site of continuing armed clashes; oral arguments on the land and maritime boundary disputes between Cameroon and Nigeria were presented to the ICJ; disputes center around Bakasi Peninsula, where armed clashes continue, Bouram Island on Lake Chad, and the maritime boundary and economic zone dispute in the Gulf of Guinea, which also involves Equatorial Guinea; Nigeria requests and Chad rejects redemarcation of boundary, which lacks clear demarcation in sections and has caused several cross-border incidents

Illicit drugs [time series]

a transit point for heroin and cocaine intended for European, East Asian, and North American markets; safehaven for Nigerian narcotraffickers operating worldwide; major money-laundering center; massive corruption and criminal activity, along with unwillingness of the government to address the deficiencies in its anti-money-laundering regime make money laundering a major problem

Airports [time series]

70 (2001)

Airports - with paved runways [time series]

total: 36 over 3,047 m: 7 2,438 to 3,047 m: 10 914 to 1,523 m: 6 under 914 m: 3 (2002) 1,524 to 2,437 m: 10

Airports - with unpaved runways [time series]

total: 34 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 13 under 914 m: 18 (2002)

Heliports [time series]

1 (2002)

Roadways (Highways) [time series]

total: 193,200 km paved: 59,892 km (including 1,194 km of expressways) note: many of the roads reported as paved may be graveled; because of poor maintenance and years of heavy freight traffic - in part the result of the failure of the railroad system - much of the road system is barely usable (2001) unpaved: 133,308 km

Merchant marine [time series]

total: 43 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 331,094 GRT/614,171 DWT note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Bulgaria 1, Greece 1, Norway 1, Pakistan 1, Togo 1, United States 1 (2002 est.) ships by type: bulk 1, cargo 7, chemical tanker 4, petroleum tanker 29, roll on/roll off 1, specialized tanker 1

Pipelines [time series]

crude oil 2,042 km; petroleum products 3,000 km; natural gas 500 km

Ports (Ports and harbors) [time series]

Calabar, Lagos, Onne, Port Harcourt, Sapele, Warri

Railways [time series]

total: 3,557 km narrow gauge: 3,505 km 1.067-m gauge standard gauge: 52 km 1.435-m gauge note: years of neglect of both the rolling stock and the right-of-way have seriously reduced the capacity and utility of the system; a project to restore Nigeria's railways is now underway (2001)

Waterways [time series]

8,575 km note: consisting of the Niger and Benue rivers and smaller rivers and creeks