Internet users (Internet Service Providers (ISPs)) [time series]

5 (1999)

Broadcast media (Radio broadcast stations) [time series]

AM 82, FM 35, shortwave 11 (1998)

Radios [time series]

23.5 million (1997)

Telecommunication systems (Telephone system) [time series]

an inadequate system, further limited by poor maintenance; major expansion is required and a start has been made domestic: intercity traffic is carried by coaxial cable, microwave radio relay, a domestic communications satellite system with 19 earth stations, and a coastal submarine cable; mobile cellular facilities and the Internet are available international: satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean); coaxial submarine cable SAFE (South African Far East)

Telephones - fixed lines (Telephones - main lines in use) [time series]

405,000 (1995)

Telephones - mobile cellular [time series]

10,000 (1999)

Broadcast media (Television broadcast stations) [time series]

2 government-controlled; note - in addition, in 1993, 14 licenses to operate private television stations were granted (1999)

Televisions [time series]

6.9 million (1997)

Agricultural products (Agriculture - products) [time series]

cocoa, peanuts, palm oil, corn, rice, sorghum, millet, cassava (tapioca), yams, rubber; cattle, sheep, goats, pigs; timber; fish

Budget [time series]

revenues: $NA expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA

Exchange rates (Currency) [time series]

1 naira (N) = 100 kobo

Debt - external [time series]

$29 billion (1999 est.)

Economic aid (Economic aid - recipient) [time series]

$39.2 million (1995)

Economic overview (Economy - overview) [time series]

The oil-rich Nigerian economy, long hobbled by political instability, corruption, and poor macroeconomic management, is undergoing substantial economic reform under the new civilian administration. Nigeria's former military rulers failed to diversify the economy away from overdependence on the capital-intensive oil sector, which provides 20% of GDP, 95% of foreign exchange earnings, and about 65% of budgetary revenues. The largely subsistence agricultural sector has not kept up with rapid population growth, and Nigeria, once a large net exporter of food, now must import food. In 2000, Nigeria is likely to receive a debt-restructuring deal with the Paris club and a $1 billion loan from the IMF, both contingent on economic reforms. Increased foreign investment combined with high world oil prices should push growth to over 5% in 2000-01.

Electricity - consumption [time series]

13.717 billion kWh (1998)

Electricity - exports [time series]

0 kWh (1998)

Electricity - imports [time series]

0 kWh (1998)

Electricity - production [time series]

14.75 billion kWh (1998)

Electricity - production by source [time series]

fossil fuel: 61.69% hydro: 38.31% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1998)

Exchange rates [time series]

nairas (N) per US$1 - 96.261 (October 1999), 99 (1999), 21.886 (1998), 21.886 (1997), 21.895 (1995)

Exports [time series]

$13.1 billion (f.o.b., 1999)

Exports - commodities [time series]

petroleum and petroleum products 95%, cocoa, rubber

Exports - partners [time series]

US 35%, Spain 11%, India 9%, France 6%, Italy (1998 est.)

Fiscal year [time series]

calendar year

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) (GDP) [time series]

purchasing power parity - $110.5 billion (1999 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin (GDP - composition by sector) [time series]

agriculture: 33% industry: 42% services: 25% (1997 est.)

Real GDP per capita (GDP - per capita) [time series]

purchasing power parity - $970 (1999 est.)

Real GDP growth rate (GDP - real growth rate) [time series]

2.7% (1999 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share [time series]

lowest 10%: 1.3% highest 10%: 31.4% (1992-93)

Imports [time series]

$10 billion (f.o.b., 1999)

Imports - commodities [time series]

machinery, chemicals, transport equipment, manufactured goods, food and live animals

Imports - partners [time series]

UK 13%, US 12%, Germany 10%, France 9%, Netherlands (1998 est.)

Industrial production growth rate [time series]

NA%

Industries [time series]

crude oil, coal, tin, columbite, palm oil, peanuts, cotton, rubber, wood, hides and skins, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food products, footwear, chemicals, fertilizer, printing, ceramics, steel

Inflation rate (consumer prices) [time series]

12.5% (1999 est.)

Labor force [time series]

42.844 million

Labor force - by occupation [time series]

agriculture 54%, industry 6%, services 40% (1999 est.)

Population below poverty line [time series]

34.1% (1992-93 est.)

Unemployment rate [time series]

28% (1992 est.)

Area [time series]

total: 923,768 sq km land: 910,768 sq km water: 13,000 sq km

Area - comparative [time series]

slightly more than twice the size of California

Climate [time series]

varies; equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in north

Coastline [time series]

853 km

Elevation (Elevation extremes) [time series]

lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Chappal Waddi 2,419 m

Environment - current issues [time series]

soil degradation; rapid deforestation; desertification; recent droughts in north severely affecting marginal agricultural activities

International environmental agreements (Environment - international agreements) [time series]

party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Geographic coordinates [time series]

10 00 N, 8 00 E

Irrigated land [time series]

9,570 sq km (1993 est.)

Land boundaries [time series]

total: 4,047 km border countries: Benin 773 km, Cameroon 1,690 km, Chad 87 km, Niger 1,497 km

Land use [time series]

arable land: 33% permanent crops: 3% permanent pastures: 44% forests and woodland: 12% other: 8% (1993 est.)

Location [time series]

Western Africa, bordering the Gulf of Guinea, between Benin and Cameroon

Map references [time series]

Africa

Maritime claims [time series]

continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation exclusive economic zone: 200 nm territorial sea: 12 nm

Natural hazards [time series]

periodic droughts

Natural resources [time series]

petroleum, tin, columbite, iron ore, coal, limestone, lead, zinc, natural gas, hydropower, arable land

Terrain [time series]

southern lowlands merge into central hills and plateaus; mountains in southeast, plains in north

Administrative divisions [time series]

36 states and 1 territory*; Abia, Abuja Federal Capital Territory*, Adamawa, Akwa Ibom, Anambra, Bauchi, Bayelsa, Benue, Borno, Cross River, Delta, Ebonyi, Edo, Ekiti, Enugu, Gombe, Imo, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Kogi, Kwara, Lagos, Nassarawa, Niger, Ogun, Ondo, Osun, Oyo, Plateau, Rivers, Sokoto, Taraba, Yobe, Zamfara

Capital [time series]

Abuja note: on 12 December 1991 the capital was officially moved from Lagos to Abuja; many government offices remain in Lagos pending completion of facilities in Abuja

Constitution [time series]

NA 1999 new constitution adopted

Country name [time series]

conventional long form: Federal Republic of Nigeria conventional short form: Nigeria

Data code [time series]

NI

Diplomatic representation from the US [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador William H. TWADDELL embassy: 2 Walter Carrington Crescent, Lagos mailing address: P. O. Box 554, Lagos telephone: [234] (1) 261-0097 FAX: [234] (1) 261-0257

Diplomatic representation in the US [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador Jibril AMINU chancery: 1333 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 986-8400 FAX: [1] (202) 775-1385 consulate(s) general: Atlanta and New York

Executive branch [time series]

chief of state: President Olusegun OBASANJO (since 29 May 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Olusegun OBASANJO (since 29 May 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Federal Executive Council elections: president is elected by popular vote for no more than two four-year terms; election last held 27 February 1999 (next to be held NA 2003) election results: Olusegun OBASANJO (PDP) elected president; percent of vote - Olusegun OBASANJO 62.8%, Olu FALAE (APP-AD) 37.2%

Flag (Flag description) [time series]

three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green

Government type [time series]

republic transitioning from military to civilian rule

Independence [time series]

1 October 1960 (from UK)

International organization participation [time series]

ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, G-15, G-19, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, NAM, OAU, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNITAR, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMOP, UNMOT, UNU, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO

Judicial branch [time series]

Supreme Court, judges appointed by the Provisional Ruling Council; Federal Court of Appeal, judges are appointed by the federal government on the advice of the Advisory Judicial Committee

Legal system [time series]

based on English common law, Islamic law, and tribal law

Legislative branch [time series]

bicameral National Assembly consists of Senate (109 seats, three from each state and one from the Federal Capital Territory; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) and House of Representatives (360 seats, members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: Senate - last held 20-24 February 1999 (next to be held NA 2003); House of Representatives - last held 20-24 February 1999 (next to be held NA 2003) election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - PDP 58%, APP 23%, AD 19%; seats by party - PDP 65, APP 24, AD 20; House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - PDP 58%, APP 30%, AD 12%; seats by party - PDP 215, APP 75, AD 70

National holiday [time series]

Independence Day, 1 October (1960)

Political parties (Political parties and leaders) [time series]

All People's Party or APP [Alhaji Yusuf ALI]; Alliance for Democracy or AD [Yusuf MAMMAN]; People's Democratic Party or PDP [Barnabas GEMADE]

Suffrage [time series]

18 years of age; universal

Background [time series]

Following nearly 16 years of military rule, a new constitution was adopted in 1999 and a peaceful transition to civilian government completed. The new president faces the daunting task of rebuilding a petroleum-based economy, whose revenues have been squandered through corruption and mismanagement, and institutionalizing democracy. In addition, the OBASANJO administration must defuse longstanding ethnic and religious tensions, if it is to build a sound foundation for economic growth and political stability.

Military and security forces (Military branches) [time series]

Army, Navy, Air Force, Police Force

Military expenditures - dollar figure [time series]

$236 million (FY99)

Military expenditures (Military expenditures - percent of GDP) [time series]

0.7% (FY99)

Military manpower - availability [time series]

males age 15-49: 29,082,802 (2000 est.)

Military manpower - fit for military service [time series]

males age 15-49: 16,708,344 (2000 est.)

Military manpower - military age [time series]

18 years of age

Military manpower - reaching military age annually [time series]

males: 1,360,023 (2000 est.)

Age structure [time series]

0-14 years: 44% (male 27,181,020; female 26,872,317) 15-64 years: 53% (male 33,495,794; female 32,337,193) 65 years and over: 3% (male 1,729,149; female 1,722,349) (2000 est.)

Birth rate [time series]

40.16 births/1,000 population (2000 est.)

Death rate [time series]

13.72 deaths/1,000 population (2000 est.)

Ethnic groups [time series]

Nigeria, which is Africa's most populous country, is composed of more than 250 ethnic groups; the following are the most populous and politically influential: Hausa and Fulani 29%, Yoruba 21%, Igbo (Ibo) 18%, Ijaw 10%, Kanuri 4%, Ibibio 3.5%, Tiv 2.5%

Infant mortality rate [time series]

74.18 deaths/1,000 live births (2000 est.)

Languages [time series]

English (official), Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo (Ibo), Fulani

Life expectancy at birth [time series]

total population: 51.56 years male: 51.58 years female: 51.55 years (2000 est.)

Literacy [time series]

definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 57.1% male: 67.3% female: 47.3% (1995 est.)

Nationality [time series]

noun: Nigerian(s) adjective: Nigerian

Net migration rate [time series]

0.28 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2000 est.)

Population [time series]

123,337,822 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2000 est.)

Population growth rate [time series]

2.67% (2000 est.)

Religions [time series]

Muslim 50%, Christian 40%, indigenous beliefs 10%

Sex ratio [time series]

at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1 male(s)/female total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2000 est.)

Total fertility rate [time series]

5.66 children born/woman (2000 est.)

Disputes - international [time series]

delimitation of international boundaries in the vicinity of Lake Chad, the lack of which led to border incidents in the past, has been completed and awaits ratification by Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria; dispute with Cameroon over land and maritime boundaries around the Bakasi Peninsula is currently before the ICJ; maritime boundary dispute with Equatorial Guinea because of disputed jurisdiction over oil-rich areas in the Gulf of Guinea

Illicit drugs [time series]

facilitates movement of heroin en route from Southeast and Southwest Asia to Western Europe and North America; increasingly a transit route for cocaine from South America intended for European, East Asian, and North American markets [Country Listing] [ The World Factbook Home]

Airports [time series]

71 (1999 est.)

Airports - with paved runways [time series]

total: 37 over 3,047 m: 7 2,438 to 3,047 m: 10 1,524 to 2,437 m: 10 914 to 1,523 m: 8 under 914 m: 2 (1999 est.)

Airports - with unpaved runways [time series]

total: 34 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 15 under 914 m: 18 (1999 est.)

Heliports [time series]

1 (1999 est.)

Roadways (Highways) [time series]

total: 194,394 km paved: 60,068 km (including 1,194 km of expressways) unpaved: 134,326 km (1998 est.) note: many of the roads reported as paved may be graveled; because of poor maintenance and years of heavy freight traffic (in part the result of the failure of the railroad system), much of the road system is barely usable

Merchant marine [time series]

total: 40 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 360,505 GRT/644,471 DWT ships by type: bulk 1, cargo 12, chemical tanker 4, petroleum tanker 22, specialized tanker 1 (1999 est.)

Pipelines [time series]

crude oil 2,042 km; petroleum products 3,000 km; natural gas 500 km

Ports (Ports and harbors) [time series]

Calabar, Lagos, Onne, Port Harcourt, Sapele, Warri

Railways [time series]

total: 3,557 km narrow gauge: 3,505 km 1.067-m gauge standard gauge: 52 km 1.435-m gauge note: years of neglect of both the rolling stock and the right-of-way have seriously reduced the capacity and utility of the system; a project to restore Nigeria's railways is now underway

Waterways [time series]

8,575 km consisting of the Niger and Benue rivers and smaller rivers and creeks