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Communications

Airports [time series]

total: 270 usable: 238 with permanent-surface runways: 73 with runways over 3,659 m: 0 with runways 2,440-3,659 m: 9 with runways 1,220-2,439 m: 57

Roadways (Highways) [time series]

157,450 km total (1988); 22,400 km paved; 85,050 km gravel, crushed-stone, or stabilized-soil surface; 50,000 km unimproved earth

Waterways (Inland waterways) [time series]

3,219 km; limited to shallow-draft (less than 1.5 m) vessels

Merchant marine [time series]

562 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 8,282,936 GRT/13,772,023 DWT; includes 1 passenger, 11 short-sea passenger, 13 passenger-cargo, 155 cargo, 27 refrigerated cargo, 25 vehicle carrier, 9 livestock carrier, 13 roll-on/roll-off cargo, 8 container, 38 oil tanker, 1 chemical tanker, 3 liquefied gas, 1 combination ore/oil, 249 bulk, 8 combination bulk; note - many Philippine flag ships are foreign owned and are on the register for the purpose of long-term bare-boat charter back to their original owners who are principally in Japan and Germany

Pipelines [time series]

petroleum products 357 km

Ports [time series]

Cagayan de Oro, Cebu, Davao, Guimaras, Iloilo, Legaspi, Manila, Subic Bay

Railways (Railroads) [time series]

378 km operable on Luzon, 34% government owned (1982)

Telecommunication systems (Telecommunications) [time series]

good international radio and submarine cable services; domestic and interisland service adequate; 872,900 telephones; broadcast stations - 267 AM (including 6 US), 55 FM, 33 TV (including 4 US); submarine cables extended to Hong Kong, Guam, Singapore, Taiwan, and Japan; satellite earth stations - 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT, 2 Pacific Ocean INTELSAT, and 11 domestic

Defense Forces

Affiliation [time series]

(dependent territory of the UK)

Military and security forces (Branches) [time series]

Army, Navy (including Coast Guard and Marine Corps), Air Force

Military expenditures (Defense expenditures) [time series]

exchange rate conversion - $915 million, 1.9% of GNP (1991)

Manpower availability [time series]

males age 15-49 17,188,695; fit for military service 12,144,278; reach military age (20) annually 716,881 (1993 est.)

Economy

Agricultural products (Agriculture) [time series]

accounts for about one-third of GNP and about 45% of labor force; major crops - rice, coconuts, corn, sugarcane, bananas, pineapples, mangos; animal products - pork, eggs, beef; net exporter of farm products; fish catch of 2 million metric tons annually

Budget [time series]

$11.0 billion; expenditures $12.0 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1992 est.)

Exchange rates (Currency) [time series]

1 Philippine peso (P) = 100 centavos

Economic aid [time series]

US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $3.6 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-88), $7.9 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $5 million; Communist countries (1975-89), $123 million

Electricity [time series]

7,850,000 kW capacity; 28,000 million kWh produced, 420 kWh per capita (1992)

Exchange rates [time series]

Philippine pesos (P) per US$1 - 25.817 (April 1993), 25.512 (1992), 27.479 (1991), 24.311 (1990), 21.737 (1989), 21.095 (1988)

Exports [time series]

$9.8 billion (f.o.b., 1992) commodities: electronics, textiles, coconut oil, copper partners: US 39%, EC, Japan, ASEAN

Debt - external (External debt) [time series]

$29.8 billion (1992)

Fiscal year [time series]

calendar year

Illicit drugs [time series]

illicit producer of cannabis for the international drug trade; growers are producing more and better quality cannabis despite government eradication efforts

Imports [time series]

$14.5 billion (f.o.b., 1992) commodities: raw materials 45%, capital goods 26%, petroleum products 18% partners: US, Japan, Taiwan, Saudi Arabia

Industrial production growth rate (Industrial production) [time series]

growth rate -1% (1992 est.); accounts for 34% of GDP

Industries [time series]

textiles, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, wood products, food processing, electronics assembly, petroleum refining, fishing

Inflation rate (consumer prices) [time series]

8.9% (1992 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) (National product) [time series]

GDP - exchange rate conversion - $54.1 billion (1992 est.)

Real GDP per capita (National product per capita) [time series]

$860 (1992 est.)

Real GDP growth rate (National product real growth rate) [time series]

0.6% (1992 est.)

Economic overview (Overview) [time series]

Domestic output in this primarily agricultural economy remained the same in 1992 as in 1991. Drought and power supply problems hampered production, while inadequate revenues prevented government pump priming. Despite a flat GDP performance, GNP mustered a small 0.6% expansion, attributable to inflows of workers' remittances combined with smaller foreign interest payments. A marked increase in capital goods imports, particularly power generations equipment, telecommunications equipment, and electronic data processors, contributed to a 20.5% import growth in 1992. Exports rose 11%, led by earnings from the Philippines' two leading manufactures - electronics and garments.

Unemployment rate [time series]

9.8% (1992 est.)

Geography

Area [time series]

total area: 300,000 km2 land area: 298,170 km2 comparative area: slightly larger than Arizona

Climate [time series]

tropical marine; northeast monsoon (November to April); southwest monsoon (May to October)

Coastline [time series]

36,289 km

Environment - current issues (Environment) [time series]

astride typhoon belt, usually affected by 15 and struck by five to six cyclonic storms per year; subject to landslides, active volcanoes, destructive earthquakes, tsunami; deforestation; soil erosion; water pollution

Disputes - international (International disputes) [time series]

involved in a complex dispute over the Spratly Islands with China, Malaysia, Taiwan, Vietnam, and possibly Brunei; claims Malaysian state of Sabah

Irrigated land [time series]

16,200 km2 (1989 est.)

Land boundaries [time series]

0 km

Land use [time series]

arable land: 26% permanent crops: 11% meadows and pastures: 4% forest and woodland: 40% other: 19%

Location [time series]

Southeast Asia, between Indonesia and China

Map references [time series]

Asia, Oceania, Southeast Asia, Standard Time Zones of the World

Maritime claims [time series]

measured from claimed archipelagic baselines continental shelf: to depth of exploitation exclusive economic zone: 200 nm territorial sea: irregular polygon extending up to 100 nm from coastline as defined by 1898 treaty; since late 1970s has also claimed polygonal-shaped area in South China Sea up to 285 nm in breadth

Natural resources [time series]

timber, petroleum, nickel, cobalt, silver, gold, salt, copper

Terrain [time series]

mostly mountains with narrow to extensive coastal lowlands

Government

Administrative divisions [time series]

73 provinces and 61 chartered cities*; Abra, Agusan del Norte, Agusan del, Sur, Aklan, Albay, del Sur, Laoag*, Lapu-Lapu*, La Union, Legaspi*, Leyte, Lipa*, Lucena*,, Maguindanao, Mandaue*,, Mountain, Naga*, Negros Occidental, Negros Oriental, North Cotabato,, Northern Samar, Nueva

Capital [time series]

Manila

Constitution [time series]

2 February 1987, effective 11 February 1987

Digraph [time series]

Diplomatic representation in the US (Diplomatic representation in US) [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador Raul RABE chancery: 1617 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: (202) 483-1414 consulates general: Agana (Guam), Chicago, Honolulu, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco, and Seattle

Executive branch (Elections) [time series]

President: last held 11 May 1992 (next election to be held NA May 1998); results - Fidel Valdes RAMOS won 23.6% of votes, a narrow plurality Senate: last held 11 May 1992 (next election to be held NA May 1995); results - LDP 66%, NPC 20%, Lakas-NUCD 8%, Liberal 6%; seats - (24 total) LDP 15, NPC 5, Lakas-NUCD 2, Liberal 1, Independent 1 House of Representatives: last held 11 May 1992 (next election to be held NA May 1995); results - LDP 43.5%; Lakas-NUCD 25%, NPC 23.5%, Liberal 5%, KBL 3%; seats - (200 total) LDP 87, NPC 45, Lakas-NUCD 41, Liberal 15, NP 6, KBL 3, Independent 3

Executive branch [time series]

president, vice president, Cabinet

Flag [time series]

two equal horizontal bands of blue (top) and red with a white equilateral triangle based on the hoist side; in the center of the triangle is a yellow sun with eight primary rays (each containing three individual rays) and in each corner of the triangle is a small yellow five-pointed star

Independence [time series]

4 July 1946 (from US)

Judicial branch [time series]

Supreme Court

Executive branch (Leaders) [time series]

Chief of State and Head of Government: President Fidel Valdes RAMOS (since 30 June 1992); Vice President Joseph Ejercito ESTRADA (since 30 June 1992)

Legal system [time series]

based on Spanish and Anglo-American law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations

Legislative branch [time series]

bicameral Congress (Kongreso) consists of an upper house or Senate (Senado) and a lower house or House of Representatives (Kapulungan Ng Mga Kinatawan)

International organization participation (Member of) [time series]

APEC, AsDB, ASEAN, CCC, CP, ESCAP, FAO, G-24, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, LORCS, NAM (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNTAC, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Country name (Names) [time series]

conventional long form: Republic of the Philippines conventional short form: Philippines local long form: Republika ng Pilipinas local short form: Pilipinas

National holiday [time series]

Independence Day, 12 June (1898) (from Spain)

Political parties (Political parties and leaders) [time series]

Democratic Filipino Struggle (Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipinas, Laban), Edgardo ESPIRITU; People Power-National Union of Christian Democrats (Lakas ng Edsa, NUCD and Partido Lakas Tao, Lakas/NUCD); Fidel V. RAMOS, President of the Republic, Raul MANGLAPUS, Jose de VENECIA, secretary general; Nationalist People's Coalition (NPC), Eduardo COJUANGCO; Liberal Party, Jovito SALONGA; People's Reform Party (PRP), Miriam DEFENSOR-SANTIAGO; New Society Movement (Kilusan Bagong Lipunan; KBL), Imelda MARCOS; Nacionalista Party (NP), Salvador H. LAUREL, president

Suffrage [time series]

15 years of age; universal

Government type (Type) [time series]

republic

Diplomatic representation from the US (US diplomatic representation) [time series]

chief of mission: (vacant); Charge d'affaires Donald WESTMORE embassy: 1201 Roxas Boulevard, Manila mailing address: APO AP 96440 telephone: [63] (2) 521-7116 FAX: [63] (2) 522-4361 consulate general: Cebu

People

Birth rate [time series]

27.9 births/1,000 population (1993 est.)

Death rate [time series]

7.03 deaths/1,000 population (1993 est.)

Ethnic groups (Ethnic divisions) [time series]

Christian Malay 91.5%, Muslim Malay 4%, Chinese 1.5%, other 3%

Infant mortality rate [time series]

51.9 deaths/1,000 live births (1993 est.)

Labor force [time series]

24.12 million by occupation: agriculture 46%, industry and commerce 16%, services 18.5%, government 10%, other 9.5% (1989)

Languages [time series]

Pilipino (official; based on Tagalog), English (official)

Life expectancy at birth [time series]

total population: 65.13 years male: 62.59 years female: 67.79 years (1993 est.)

Literacy [time series]

age 15 and over can read and write (1990) total population: 90% male: 90% female: 90%

Nationality [time series]

noun: Filipino(s) adjective: Philippine

Net migration rate [time series]

-1.19 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1993 est.)

Population [time series]

68,464,368 (July 1993 est.)

Population growth rate [time series]

1.97% (1993 est.)

Religions [time series]

Roman Catholic 83%, Protestant 9%, Muslim 5%, Buddhist and other 3%

Total fertility rate [time series]

3.45 children born/woman (1993 est.)