Qatar

total: 347,000 (2023 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 12 (2023 est.)

state-controlled TV and radio licensing and access to local media markets; home of satellite TV channel Al-Jazeera, which was originally state-owned but is now independent; local radio includes state, private, and international broadcasters on FM frequencies; satellite TV available (2019)

.qa

percent of population: 100% (2023 est.)

total subscriptions: 526,000 (2023 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 18 (2023 est.)

total subscriptions: 4.68 million (2024 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 154 (2024 est.)

dates, chicken, tomatoes, camel milk, vegetables, cucumbers/gherkins, pumpkins/squash, eggs, sheep milk, eggplants (2023) note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage

on food: 14.6% of household expenditures (2023 est.) on alcohol and tobacco: 0.3% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

revenues: $65.922 billion (2019 est.) expenditures: $57.258 billion (2019 est.)

$38.117 billion (2024 est.) $36.453 billion (2023 est.) $63.118 billion (2022 est.) note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars

high-income, oil-and-gas-based Middle Eastern economy; implementing National Vision 2030 government strategy for economic development, diversification, and favorable business conditions to boost investment and employment; expansion of LNG sector expected to boost growth; Islamic finance leader

Qatari rials (QAR) per US dollar - 3.64 (2024 est.) 3.64 (2023 est.) 3.64 (2022 est.) 3.64 (2021 est.) 3.64 (2020 est.)

$125.216 billion (2024 est.) $128.709 billion (2023 est.) $161.693 billion (2022 est.) note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars

natural gas, crude petroleum, refined petroleum, plastics, fertilizers (2023) note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars

China 18%, India 11%, S. Korea 10%, Japan 7%, Pakistan 6% (2023) note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports

$217.983 billion (2024 est.) note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate

household consumption: 19.5% (2022 est.) government consumption: 12.9% (2022 est.) investment in fixed capital: 30.6% (2022 est.) investment in inventories: 0% (2022 est.) exports of goods and services: 68.6% (2022 est.) imports of goods and services: -31.6% (2022 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection

agriculture: 0.3% (2024 est.) industry: 58.5% (2024 est.) services: 45.9% (2024 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data

35.1 (2017 est.) note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality

lowest 10%: 2.6% (2017 est.) highest 10%: 25.8% (2017 est.) note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population

$69.692 billion (2024 est.) $72.174 billion (2023 est.) $74.52 billion (2022 est.) note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars

gas turbines, cars, aircraft, iron pipes, ships (2023) note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars

USA 12%, China 12%, UAE 9%, UK 7%, India 5% (2023) note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports

1.6% (2024 est.) note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency

liquefied natural gas, crude oil production and refining, ammonia, fertilizer, petrochemicals, steel reinforcing bars, cement, commercial ship repair

1.3% (2024 est.) 3% (2023 est.) 5% (2022 est.) note: annual % change based on consumer prices

2.123 million (2024 est.) note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work

46.7% of GDP (2016 est.)

$317.064 billion (2024 est.) $308.522 billion (2023 est.) $304.903 billion (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars

2.8% (2024 est.) 1.2% (2023 est.) 4.2% (2022 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency

$110,900 (2024 est.) $116,200 (2023 est.) $114,700 (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars

0.7% of GDP (2024 est.) 0.7% of GDP (2023 est.) 0.4% of GDP (2022 est.) note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities

$53.987 billion (2024 est.) $51.539 billion (2023 est.) $47.389 billion (2022 est.) note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars

0.2% (2024 est.) 0.2% (2023 est.) 0.2% (2022 est.) note: % of labor force seeking employment

total: 0.4% (2024 est.) male: 0.1% (2024 est.) female: 1.2% (2024 est.) note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment

exports: 300 metric tons (2023 est.) imports: 4,000 metric tons (2023 est.)

installed generating capacity: 11.4 million kW (2023 est.) consumption: 51.965 billion kWh (2023 est.) transmission/distribution losses: 3.177 billion kWh (2023 est.)

electrification - total population: 100% (2022 est.)

fossil fuels: 99.7% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) biomass and waste: 0.2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

814.308 million Btu/person (2023 est.)

production: 171.805 billion cubic meters (2023 est.) consumption: 48.034 billion cubic meters (2023 est.) exports: 124.747 billion cubic meters (2023 est.) proven reserves: 23.861 trillion cubic meters (2021 est.)

total petroleum production: 1.818 million bbl/day (2023 est.) refined petroleum consumption: 268,000 bbl/day (2023 est.) crude oil estimated reserves: 25.244 billion barrels (2021 est.)

127.783 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from coal and metallurgical coke: 10,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from petroleum and other liquids: 27.781 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from consumed natural gas: 99.991 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers

air, land, and water pollution; limited natural freshwater resources; limited conservation of oil and wildlife

party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

agricultural land: 6.4% (2023 est.) arable land: 1.8% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 0.3% (2023 est.) permanent pasture: 4.4% (2023 est.) forest: 0.1% (2023 est.) other: 93.4% (2023 est.)

energy: 1,040.8 kt (2022-2024 est.) agriculture: 9.5 kt (2019-2021 est.) waste: 64.7 kt (2019-2021 est.) other: 5.5 kt (2019-2021 est.)

59 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)

58 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

municipal: 582.862 million cubic meters (2022) industrial: 40.18 million cubic meters (2022) agricultural: 311.156 million cubic meters (2022)

urban population: 99.4% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 1.66% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

municipal solid waste generated annually: 1.001 million tons (2024 est.) percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 6% (2022 est.)

total : 11,586 sq km land: 11,586 sq km water: 0 sq km

almost twice the size of Delaware; slightly smaller than Connecticut

arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers

563 km

highest point: Tuwayyir al Hamir 103 m lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m mean elevation: 28 m

25 30 N, 51 15 E

the peninsula occupies a strategic location in the central Persian Gulf near major petroleum deposits

130 sq km (2022)

total: 87 km border countries (1): Saudi Arabia 87 km

agricultural land: 6.4% (2023 est.) arable land: 1.8% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 0.3% (2023 est.) permanent pasture: 4.4% (2023 est.) forest: 0.1% (2023 est.) other: 93.4% (2023 est.)

Middle East, peninsula bordering the Persian Gulf and Saudi Arabia

Arabian Aquifer System

Middle East

territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: as determined by bilateral agreements or the median line

haze, dust storms, sandstorms common

petroleum, fish, natural gas

most of the population is clustered in or around the capital of Doha on the eastern side of the peninsula

mostly flat and barren desert

8 municipalities ( baladiyat , singular - baladiyah ); Ad Dawhah, Al Khawr wa adh Dhakhirah, Al Wakrah, Ar Rayyan, Ash Shamal, Ash Shihaniyah, Az Za'ayin, Umm Salal

name: Doha geographic coordinates: 25 17 N, 51 32 E time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) etymology: the name is derived from the Arabic ad-dawha , meaning "the big tree," and probably referred to a large tree at the site of the original fishing village

citizenship by birth: no citizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Qatar dual citizenship recognized: no residency requirement for naturalization: 20 years; 15 years if an Arab national

history: previous 1972 (provisional); latest drafted 2 July 2002, approved by referendum 29 April 2003, endorsed 8 June 2004, effective 9 June 2005 amendment process: proposed by the Amir or by one third of Advisory Council members; passage requires two-thirds majority vote of Advisory Council members and approval and promulgation by the emir; articles pertaining to the rule of state and its inheritance, functions of the emir, and citizen rights and liberties cannot be amended

conventional long form: State of Qatar conventional short form: Qatar local long form: Dawlat Qatar local short form: Qatar etymology: the name may derive from the Arabic word katran , meaning "tar" or "resin" in reference to the area's oil and natural gas reserves note: closest approximation of the native pronunciation is GAT-tar or COT-tar

chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charg d Affaires Stefanie ALTMAN-WINANS (since June 2025) embassy: 22 February Street, Al Luqta District, P.O. Box 2399, Doha mailing address: 6130 Doha Place, Washington DC 20521-6130 telephone: [974] 4496-6000 FAX: [974] 4488-4298 email address and website: PasDoha@state.gov https://qa.usembassy.gov/

chief of mission: Ambassador Meshal bin Hamad AL THANI (since 24 April 2017) chancery: 2555 M Street NW, Washington, DC 20037 telephone: [1] (202) 274-1600 FAX: [1] (202) 237-0682 email address and website: info.dc@mofa.gov.qa https://washington.embassy.qa/en/home consulate(s) general: Houston, Los Angeles, New York

chief of state: Amir TAMIM bin Hamad Al Thani (since 25 June 2013) head of government: Prime Minister and Foreign Minister MUHAMMAD bin Abd al-Rahman Al Thani (since 7 March 2023) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the amir election/appointment process: the monarchy is hereditary; prime minister appointed by the amir

description: maroon with a broad, serrated white band on the left side meaning: maroon stands for the blood shed in Qatari wars, and white for peace; the nine-pointed serrated edge is a reference to Qatar's status as the ninth member of the "reconciled emirates" after the Qatari-British treaty of 1916 -- the other eight members are Bahrain and the seven that make up the UAE

absolute monarchy

3 September 1971 (from the UK)

has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt

ABEDA, AFESD, AMF, CAEU, CD, CICA (observer), EITI (implementing country), FAO, G-77, GCC, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAS, MIGA, NAM, OAPEC, OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

highest court(s): Supreme Court or Court of Cassation (consists of the court president and several judges); Supreme Constitutional Court (consists of the chief justice and 6 members) judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges nominated by the Supreme Judiciary Council, a 9-member independent body consisting of judiciary heads appointed by the amir; judges appointed for 3-year renewable terms; Supreme Constitutional Court members nominated by the Supreme Judiciary Council and appointed by the monarch; term of appointment NA subordinate courts: Courts of Appeal; Administrative Court; Courts of First Instance; sharia courts; Courts of Justice; Qatar International Court and Dispute Resolution Center, established in 2009, provides dispute resolution services for institutions and bodies in Qatar, as well as internationally

mixed system of civil law and Islamic (sharia) law (in family and personal matters)

legislature name: Shura Council (Majlis Al-Shura) legislative structure: unicameral number of seats: 49 (all appointed) electoral system: plurality/majority scope of elections: full renewal term in office: 4 years most recent election date: 10/9/2025 percentage of women in chamber: 6.1% expected date of next election: September 2029

title: "Al-Salam Al-Amiri" (Peace be to the Emir) lyrics/music: Sheikh MUBARAK bin Saif al-Thani/Abdul Aziz Nasser OBAIDAN history: adopted 1996

maroon, white

total World Heritage Sites: 1 (cultural) selected World Heritage Site locales: Al Zubarah Archaeological Site

National Day, 18 December (1878), anniversary of Al Thani family accession to the throne; Independence Day, 3 September (1971)

a white serrated band with nine white points on top of a maroon field

political parties are banned

18 years of age; universal

Ruled by the Al Thani family since the mid-1800s, Qatar within the last 60 years transformed itself from a poor British protectorate noted mainly for pearling into an independent state with significant hydrocarbon revenues. Former Amir HAMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani, who overthrew his father in a bloodless coup in 1995, ushered in wide-sweeping political and media reforms, unprecedented economic investment, and a growing Qatari regional leadership role, in part through the creation of the pan-Arab satellite news network Al-Jazeera and Qatar's mediation of some regional conflicts. In the 2000s, Qatar resolved its longstanding border disputes with both Bahrain and Saudi Arabia, and by 2007, Doha had attained the highest per capita income in the world. Qatar did not experience domestic unrest or violence like that seen in other Near Eastern and North African countries in 2011, due in part to its immense wealth and patronage network. In mid-2013, HAMAD peacefully abdicated, transferring power to his son, the current Amir TAMIM bin Hamad. TAMIM is popular with the Qatari public for his role in shepherding the country through an economic embargo from some other regional countries, for his efforts to improve the country's healthcare and education systems, and for his expansion of the country's infrastructure in anticipation of hosting international sporting events. Qatar became the first country in the Arab world to host the FIFA Men s World Cup in 2022. Following the outbreak of regional unrest in 2011, Doha prided itself on its support for many popular revolutions, particularly in Libya and Syria. This stance was to the detriment of Qatar s relations with Bahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), which temporarily recalled their respective ambassadors from Doha in 2014. TAMIM later oversaw a warming of Qatar s relations with Bahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE in November 2014 following Kuwaiti mediation and signing of the Riyadh Agreement. This reconciliation, however, was short-lived. In 2017, Bahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE (the "Quartet") cut diplomatic and economic ties with Qatar in response to alleged violations of the agreement, among other complaints. They restored ties in 2021 after signing a declaration at the Gulf Cooperation Council Summit in Al Ula, Saudi Arabia. In 2022, the United States designated Qatar as a major non-NATO ally.

Qatar's military is responsible for territorial defense and maritime security; the military is in the midst of a large equipment acquisition program designed to enhance its capabilities and Qatar's regional standing; Qatar has military ties with a variety of countries, including France, the UK, the US, Turkey, and member countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC); it hosts the regional headquarters for the US Central Command (CENTCOM; established 1983) and several thousand US military forces at various military facilities, including the Al Udeid Air Base; Qatar has Major Non-NATO Ally status with the US, a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; Qatar also hosts Turkish military forces at two bases established in 2014 and 2019; the Qatari military is part of the Peninsula Shield Forces, a joint military force established by the GCC countries with the aim of maintaining security and stability in the region (2025)

Qatar Armed Forces (QAF): Qatari Amiri Land Force (QALF, includes Emiri Guard), Qatari Amiri Navy (QAN, includes Coast Guard), Qatari Amiri Air Force (QAAF) Ministry of Interior: General Directorate of Public Security, General Directorate of Coasts and Border Security, Internal Security Force (ISF or Lekhwiya) (2025)

approximately 15,000 active-duty Qatar Armed Forces (2025)

the Qatari military's inventory is a mix of older and modern weapons systems, mostly from T rkiye, the US, and various European countries, including France, Germany, and Italy (2025) note: in the 2010s, Qatar embarked on a military expansion and modernization program with large air, ground, and naval equipment purchases

5% of GDP (2023 est.) 5% of GDP (2022 est.) 4% of GDP (2021 est.) 4% of GDP (2020 est.) 3.4% of GDP (2019 est.)

typically 18-30 for voluntary service for men and women; compulsory military service for men 18-35; compulsory service is from 4-12 months, depending on educational and professional circumstances (2025) note: the military incorporates about 2,000 conscripts annually and recruits foreign contract soldiers to overcome manpower limitations

0-14 years: 13.1% (male 168,844/female 165,905) 15-64 years: 85.4% (male 1,767,294/female 411,977) 65 years and over: 1.5% (2024 est.) (male 24,997/female 13,071)

total: 0.96 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) beer: 0.29 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) wine: 0.07 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) spirits: 0.59 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) other alcohols: 0.01 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

9.19 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)

2.3% (2023 est.)

64.6% (2020 est.)

1.42 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)

total dependency ratio: 17.3 (2025 est.) youth dependency ratio: 15.4 (2025 est.) elderly dependency ratio: 1.8 (2025 est.) potential support ratio: 54.4 (2025 est.)

total: 100% of population (2022 est.) total: 0% of population (2022 est.)

3.2% of GDP (2020 est.) 9.3% national budget (2020 est.)

non-Qatari 88.4%, Qatari 11.6% (2015 est.)

0.94 (2025 est.)

2.9% of GDP (2021) 7.4% of national budget (2022 est.)

1.1 beds/1,000 population (2019 est.)

total: 6.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.) male: 7 deaths/1,000 live births female: 5.8 deaths/1,000 live births

Arabic (official), English commonly used as a second language major-language sample(s): كتاب حقائق العالم، المصدر الذي لا يمكن الاستغناء عنه للمعلومات الأساسية (Arabic) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

total population: 80.3 years (2024 est.) male: 78.2 years female: 82.4 years

798,000 Ar-Rayyan, 658,000 DOHA (capital) (2023)

4 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)

total: 34.4 years (2025 est.) male: 35.7 years female: 28.1 years

noun: Qatari(s) adjective: Qatari

-2.09 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)

35.1% (2016)

3.02 physicians/1,000 population (2023)

total: 2,568,426 (2025 est.) male: 1,970,605 female: 597,821

most of the population is clustered in or around the capital of Doha on the eastern side of the peninsula

0.57% (2025 est.)

Muslim 65.2%, Christian 13.7%, Hindu 15.9%, Buddhist 3.8%, folk religion 0.1%, Jewish 0.1%, other 1%, unaffiliated 1% (2020 est.)

total: 99.9% of population (2022 est.) total: 0.1% of population (2022 est.)

total: 13 years (2022 est.) male: 12 years (2022 est.) female: 15 years (2022 est.)

at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 4.29 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.91 male(s)/female total population: 3.32 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

total: 19.2% (2025 est.) male: 24.6% (2025 est.) female: 2.3% (2025 est.)

1.9 children born/woman (2025 est.)

urban population: 99.4% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 1.66% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

refugees: 349 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 1,200 (2024 est.)

8 (2025)

A7

12 (2025)

total: 123 (2023) by type: bulk carrier 5, container ship 4, general cargo 4, oil tanker 2, other 108

total ports: 6 (2024) large: 0 medium: 1 small: 2 very small: 3 ports with oil terminals: 5 key ports: Al Rayyan Terminal, Al Shaheen Terminal, Doha, Jazirat Halul, Ras Laffan, Umm Said