Bermuda

total: 23,000 (2020 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 37 (2020 est.)

3 TV stations; cable and satellite TV subscription services are available; roughly 13 radio stations operating

.bm

total: 64,000 (2021 est.) percent of population: 100% (2021 est.)

general assessment: the telecom sector has seen a decline in subscriber numbers (particularly for prepaid mobile services the mainstay of short term visitors) and revenue; fixed and mobile broadband services are two areas that have benefited from the crisis as employees and students have resorted to working from home; one area of the telecom market that is not prepared for growth is 5G mobile; governments, regulators, and even the mobile network operators have shown that they have not been investing in 5G opportunities at the present time; network expansion and enhancements remain concentrated around improving LTE coverage (2021) domestic: the system has a fixed-line teledensity of 39 per 100, coupled with a mobile-cellular teledensity of roughly 110 per 100 persons (2021) international: country code - 1-441; landing points for the GlobeNet, Gemini Bermuda, CBUS, and the CB-1 submarine cables to the Caribbean, South America and the US; satellite earth stations - 3 (2019)

total subscriptions: 25,000 (2021 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 39 (2021 est.)

total subscriptions: 68,000 (2021 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 110 (2021 est.)

bananas, vegetables, citrus, flowers; dairy products, honey

revenues: $999.2 million (2017 est.) expenditures: $1.176 billion (2017 est.)

-2.9% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Fitch rating: N/A (2015) Moody's rating: A2 (2016) Standard & Poors rating: A+ (2015) note: The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained.

$1.015 billion (2021 est.) $853.85 million (2020 est.) $838.701 million (2019 est.)

$2.515 billion (2017 est.) $2.435 billion (2015 est.)

small, tourism- and construction-based, territorial-island economy; American import and tourist destination; known offshore banking hub; increasing inflation; major re-exportation and re-importation area

Bermudian dollars (BMD) per US dollar - 1 (2021 est.) 1 (2020 est.) 1 (2019 est.) 1 (2018 est.) 1 (2017 est.)

$1.123 billion (2021 est.) $1.027 billion (2020 est.) $1.605 billion (2019 est.) note: Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports.

recreational boats, ships, trailers, aircraft, fertilizers (2021)

Jamaica 49.1%, Luxembourg 36.1%, US 4.9% (2017)

1 April - 31 March

$6.127 billion (2016 est.)

household consumption: 51.3% (2017 est.) government consumption: 15.7% (2017 est.) investment in fixed capital: 13.7% (2017 est.) investment in inventories: 0% (2017 est.) exports of goods and services: 49.8% (2017 est.) imports of goods and services: -30.4% (2017 est.)

agriculture: 0.9% (2017 est.) industry: 5.3% (2017 est.) services: 93.8% (2017 est.)

lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA

$1.925 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars $1.723 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars $2.224 billion (2019 est.)

ships, refined petroleum, postage stamps, recreational boats, aircraft (2019)

United States 44%, South Korea 17%, Germany 10%, Canada 8% (2019)

0.1% (2021 est.)

international business, tourism, light manufacturing

1.9% (2017 est.) 1.4% (2016 est.)

33,480 (2016 est.)

agriculture: 2% industry: 13% services: 85% (2016 est.)

11% (2008 est.)

43% of GDP (FY14/15)

$5.127 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in 2017 dollars $4.863 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in 2017 dollars $5.22 billion (2019 est.)

5.41% (2021 est.) -6.84% (2020 est.) 0.31% (2019 est.)

$80,300 (2021 est.) note: data are in 2017 dollars $76,100 (2020 est.) note: data are in 2017 dollars $81,700 (2019 est.)

16.3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

7% (2017 est.) 7% (2016 est.)

total: 29.3% (2014 est.) male: 29.7% female: 29%

796,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.) from coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.) from petroleum and other liquids: 796,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.) from consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

production: 0 metric tons (2020 est.) consumption: 0 metric tons (2020 est.) exports: 0 metric tons (2020 est.) imports: 0 metric tons (2020 est.) proven reserves: 0 metric tons (2019 est.)

installed generating capacity: 172,000 kW (2020 est.) consumption: 533.434 million kWh (2019 est.) exports: 0 kWh (2020 est.) imports: 0 kWh (2020 est.) transmission/distribution losses: 41 million kWh (2019 est.)

electrification - total population: 100% (2021)

fossil fuels: 100% of total installed capacity (2020 est.) nuclear: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.) solar: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.) wind: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.) hydroelectricity: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.) tide and wave: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.) geothermal: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.) biomass and waste: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

176.312 million Btu/person (2019 est.)

production: 0 cubic meters (2021 est.) consumption: 0 cubic meters (2021 est.) exports: 0 cubic meters (2021 est.) imports: 0 cubic meters (2021 est.) proven reserves: 0 cubic meters (2021 est.)

total petroleum production: 0 bbl/day (2021 est.) refined petroleum consumption: 5,200 bbl/day (2019 est.) crude oil and lease condensate exports: 0 bbl/day (2018 est.) crude oil and lease condensate imports: 0 bbl/day (2018 est.) crude oil estimated reserves: 0 barrels (2021 est.)

0 bbl/day (2015 est.)

3,939 bbl/day (2015 est.)

0 bbl/day (2017 est.)

carbon dioxide emissions: 0.61 megatons (2016 est.)

subtropical; mild, humid; gales, strong winds common in winter

dense population and heavy vehicle traffic create serious congestion and air pollution problems; water resources scarce (most obtained as rainwater or from wells); solid waste disposal; hazardous waste disposal; sewage disposal; overfishing; oil spills

agricultural land: 14.8% (2018 est.) arable land: 14.8% (2018 est.) permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.) permanent pasture: 0% (2018 est.) forest: 20% (2018 est.) other: 65.2% (2018 est.)

urban population: 100% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: -0.2% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

municipal solid waste generated annually: 82,000 tons (2012 est.) municipal solid waste recycled annually: 1,640 tons (2012 est.) percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 2% (2012 est.)

total: 54 sq km land: 54 sq km water: 0 sq km

about one-third the size of Washington, DC

subtropical; mild, humid; gales, strong winds common in winter

103 km

highest point: Town Hill 79 m lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m

32 20 N, 64 45 W

consists of about 138 coral islands and islets with ample rainfall, but no rivers or freshwater lakes; some land was leased by the US Government from 1941 to 1995

NA

total: 0 km

agricultural land: 14.8% (2018 est.) arable land: 14.8% (2018 est.) permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.) permanent pasture: 0% (2018 est.) forest: 20% (2018 est.) other: 65.2% (2018 est.)

North America, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, east of South Carolina (US)

North America

territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm

hurricanes (June to November)

limestone, pleasant climate fostering tourism

relatively even population distribution throughout

low hills separated by fertile depressions

9 parishes and 2 municipalities*; Devonshire, Hamilton, Hamilton*, Paget, Pembroke, Saint George*, Saint George's, Sandys, Smith's, Southampton, Warwick

name: Hamilton geographic coordinates: 32 17 N, 64 47 W time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins second Sunday in March; ends first Sunday in November etymology: named after Henry HAMILTON (ca. 1734-1796) who served as governor of Bermuda from 1788-1794

citizenship by birth: no citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of the UK dual citizenship recognized: yes residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years

history: several previous (dating to 1684); latest entered into force 8 June 1968 (Bermuda Constitution Order 1968) amendments: proposal procedure - NA; passage by an Order in Council in the UK; amended several times, last in 2012

conventional long form: none conventional short form: Bermuda former: Somers Islands etymology: the islands making up Bermuda are named after Juan de BERMUDEZ, an early 16th century Spanish sea captain and the first European explorer of the archipelago

overseas territory of the UK

chief of mission: Consul General Karen GRISSETTE (since 6 July 2021) embassy: US Consulate Bermuda, 16 Middle Road, Devonshire, DV 03, Bermuda mailing address: 5300 Hamilton Place, Washington, DC 20520-5300 telephone: (441) 295-1342 FAX: (441) 295-1592 email address and website: HamiltonConsulate@state.gov https://bm.usconsulate.gov/ consulate(s) general: 16 Middle Road, Devonshire DV O3

none (overseas territory of the UK)

chief of state: King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor Rena LALGIE (since 14 December 2020) head of government: Premier David BURT (since 19 July 2017) cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor elections/appointments: the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed premier by the governor

red, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Bermudian coat of arms (a white shield with a red lion standing on a green grassy field holding a scrolled shield showing the sinking of the ship Sea Venture off Bermuda in 1609) centered on the outer half of the flag; it was the shipwreck of the vessel, filled with English colonists originally bound for Virginia, that led to the settling of Bermuda note: the flag is unusual in that it is only British overseas territory that uses a red ensign, all others use blue

Overseas Territory of the UK with limited self-government; parliamentary democracy

none (overseas territory of the UK)

has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt

Caricom (associate), ICC (NGOs), Interpol (subbureau), IOC, ITUC (NGOs), UPU, WCO

highest court(s): Court of Appeal (consists of the court president and at least 2 justices); Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice, 4 puisne judges, and 1 associate justice); note - the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London) is the court of final appeal judge selection and term of office: Court of Appeal justice appointed by the governor; justice tenure by individual appointment; Supreme Court judges nominated by the Judicial and Legal Services Commission and appointed by the governor; judge tenure based on terms of appointment subordinate courts: commercial court (began in 2006); magistrates' courts

English common law

description: bicameral Parliament consists of: Senate (11 seats; 3 members appointed by the governor, 5 by the premier, and 3 by the opposition party; members serve 5-year terms) House of Assembly (36 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve up to 5-year terms) elections: Senate - last appointments in 2022 (next appointments in 2027) House of Assembly - last held on 1 October 2020 (next to be held not later than 2025) election results: Senate - composition as of October 2023 - men 4, women 7, percent of women 63.6% House of Assembly - percent of vote by party - PLP 62.1%, OBA 32.3%, other 5.4%, independent 0.2%; seats by party - PLP 30, OBA 6 1 vacant; composition as of October 2023 - men 26, women 9, percent of women 25%; note - total Parliament percent of women as of September 2023 - 34%

name: Hail to Bermuda lyrics/music: Bette JOHNS note: serves as a local anthem; as a territory of the United Kingdom, "God Save the King" is official (see United Kingdom)

total World Heritage Sites: 1 (cultural); note - excerpted from the UK entry selected World Heritage Site locales: Historic Town of St George and Related Fortifications

Bermuda Day, 24 May; note - formerly known as Victoria Day, Empire Day, and Commonwealth Day

red lion

Free Democratic Movement or FDM [Marc A. R. BEAN] One Bermuda Alliance or OBA [N. H. Cole SIMONS] Progressive Labor Party or PLP [E. David BURT]

18 years of age; universal

Bermuda was first settled in 1609 by shipwrecked English colonists heading for Virginia. Self-governing since 1620, Bermuda is the oldest and most populous of the British overseas territories. Vacationing to the island to escape North American winters first developed in Victorian times. Tourism continues to be important to the island's economy, although international business has overtaken it in recent years. Bermuda has also developed into a highly successful offshore financial center. A referendum on independence from the UK was soundly defeated in 1995.

defense is the responsibility of the UK; the Royal Bermuda Regiment s responsibilities include maritime security of Bermuda s inshore waters, search and rescue, ceremonial duties, humanitarian/disaster assistance, security of key installations, and assisting the Bermuda Police with maintaining public order; it includes explosive ordnance disposal, diver, maritime, security police, and support units (2023)

Royal Bermuda Regiment; Bermuda Police Service (2023) note: the Royal Bermuda Regiment (aka "The Regiment") includes the Royal Bermuda Regiment Coast Guard

the Royal Bermuda Regiment has about 350 troops (2023)

the Regiment is equipped with small arms (2023)

men and women who are Commonwealth citizens and 18-45 years of age can volunteer for the Bermuda Regiment; service is for a minimum period of three years and two months from the date of enlistment; service can be extended only by volunteering or an executive order from the Governor; annual training commitment is about 30 days a year, which includes a two-week camp, weekends, and drill nights (2023)

0-14 years: 16.45% (male 6,126/female 5,815) 15-64 years: 61.66% (male 22,401/female 22,347) 65 years and over: 21.89% (2023 est.) (male 6,763/female 9,124)

11 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

NA

NA

NA

47.6% (2023 est.)

9.2 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

total dependency ratio: 52.9 youth dependency ratio: 22.8 elderly dependency ratio: 30.1 potential support ratio: 3.3 (2021)

improved: urban: 99.9% of population rural: NA total: 99.9% of population unimproved: urban: 0.1% of population rural: NA total: 0.1% of population (2020)

1.9% of GDP (2021 est.)

African descent 52%, White 31%, mixed 9%, Asian 4%, other 4% (2010 est.)

0.92 (2023 est.)

total: 2.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2023 est.) male: 2.5 deaths/1,000 live births female: 1.8 deaths/1,000 live births

English (official), Portuguese

total population: 82.3 years (2023 est.) male: 79.2 years female: 85.5 years

total population: NA male: NA female: NA

10,000 HAMILTON (capital) (2018)

total: 43.7 years (2023 est.) male: 41.4 years female: 46.3 years

noun: Bermudian(s) adjective: Bermudian

1.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

NA

72,576 (2023 est.)

relatively even population distribution throughout

0.32% (2023 est.)

Protestant 46.2% (includes Anglican 15.8%, African Methodist Episcopal 8.6%, Seventh Day Adventist 6.7, Pentecostal 3.5%, Methodist 2.7%, Presbyterian 2.0%, Church of God 1.6%, Baptist 1.2%, Salvation Army 1.1%, Brethren 1.0%, other Protestant 2.0%), Roman Catholic 14.5%, Jehovah's Witness 1.3%, other Christian 9.1%, Muslim 1%, other 3.9%, none 17.8%, unspecified 6.2% (2010 est.)

improved: urban: 99.9% of population rural: NA total: 99.9% of population unimproved: urban: 0.1% of population rural: NA total: 0.1% of population (2020)

total: 13 years male: 12 years female: 13 years (2015)

at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.74 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2023 est.)

1.89 children born/woman (2023 est.)

urban population: 100% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: -0.2% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

total: 29.3% (2014 est.) male: 29.7% female: 29%

none identified

1 (2021)

1 note: paved runways have a concrete or asphalt surface but not all have facilities for refueling, maintenance, or air traffic control; the length of a runway required for aircraft to safely operate depends on a number of factors including the type of aircraft, the takeoff weight (including passengers, cargo, and fuel), engine types, flap settings, landing speed, elevation of the airport, and average maximum daily air temperature; paved runways can reach a length of 5,000 m (16,000 ft.), but the typical length of a commercial airline runway is between 2,500-4,000 m (8,000-13,000 ft.)

VP-B

total: 135 (2022) by type: container ship 14, oil tanker 15, other 106

major seaport(s): Hamilton, Ireland Island, Saint George

total: 447 km (2010) paved: 447 km (2010) note: 225 km public roads; 222 km private roads