Micronesia, Federated States of

total: 3,776 (2018 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 3.39 (2019 est.)

no TV broadcast stations; each state has a multi-channel cable service with TV transmissions carrying roughly 95% imported programming and 5% local programming; about a half-dozen radio stations (2009)

.fm

total: 40,800 (2021 est.) percent of population: 35.3% (2019 est.)

general assessment: adequate system, the demand for mobile broadband is increasing due to mobile services being the primary and most wide-spread source for Internet access across the region (2020) domestic: islands interconnected by shortwave radiotelephone, satellite (Intelsat) ground stations, and some coaxial and fiber-optic cable; mobile-cellular service available on the major islands; fixed line teledensity 6 per 100 and mobile-cellular 21 per 100 (2019) international: country code - 691; landing points for the Chuukk-Pohnpei Cable and HANTRU-1 submarine cable system linking the Federated States of Micronesia and the US; satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2019) note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became evident, and received some support from governments

total subscriptions: 6,947 (2018) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 6.23 (2018 est.)

total subscriptions: 23,114 (2018) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 20.74 (2019 est.)

coconuts, cassava, vegetables, sweet potatoes, bananas, pork, plantains, fruit, eggs, beef

revenues: 213.8 million (FY12/13 est.) expenditures: 192.1 million (FY12/13 est.)

6.6% (of GDP) (FY12/13 est.)

$12 million (2017 est.) $11 million (2016 est.)

$93.6 million (2013 est.) $93.5 million (2012 est.)

Economic activity consists largely of subsistence farming and fishing, and government, which employs two-thirds of the adult working population and receives funding largely - 58% in 2013 – from Compact of Free Association assistance provided by the US. The islands have few commercially valuable mineral deposits. The potential for tourism is limited by isolation, lack of adequate facilities, and limited internal air and water transportation. Under the terms of the original Compact, the US provided $1.3 billion in grants and aid from 1986 to 2001. The US and the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) negotiated a second (amended) Compact agreement in 2002-03 that took effect in 2004. The amended Compact runs for a 20-year period to 2023; during which the US will provide roughly $2.1 billion to the FSM. The amended Compact also develops a trust fund for the FSM that will provide a comparable income stream beyond 2024 when Compact grants end. The country's medium-term economic outlook appears fragile because of dependence on US assistance and lackluster performance of its small and stagnant private sector.

the US dollar is used

$88.3 million (2013 est.)

fish and fish products, coral/shells, scrap metals, mollusks, office machinery/parts (2019)

Thailand 73%, Japan 10%, China 9% (2019)

1 October - 30 September

$328 million (2017 est.)

household consumption: 83.5% (2013 est.) government consumption: 48.4% (2016 est.) investment in fixed capital: 29.5% (2016 est.) investment in inventories: 1.9% (2016 est.) exports of goods and services: 27.5% (2016 est.) imports of goods and services: -77% (2016 est.)

agriculture: 26.3% (2013 est.) industry: 18.9% (2013 est.) services: 54.8% (2013 est.)

40.1 (2013 est.)

lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA

$167.8 million (2015 est.) $258.5 million (2013 est.)

poultry meats, netting, broadcasting equipment, various meats, fish products (2019)

United States 32%, China 16%, Japan 14%, Taiwan 9%, Philippines 6%, South Korea 6% (2019)

NA

tourism, construction; specialized aquaculture, craft items (shell and wood)

0.5% (2017 est.) 0.5% (2016 est.)

37,920 (2010 est.)

agriculture: 0.9% industry: 5.2% services: 93.9% (2013 est.) note: two-thirds of the labor force are government employees

41.2% (2013 est.)

24.5% of GDP (2017 est.) 25.3% of GDP (2016 est.)

$390 million note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.) $390 million note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.) $389 million (2017 est.) note: data are in 2017 dollars

2% (2017 est.) 2.9% (2016 est.) 3.9% (2015 est.)

$3,500 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.) $3,500 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.) $3,200 (2015 est.) note: data are in 2017 dollars

$203.7 million (31 December 2017 est.) $135.1 million (31 December 2015 est.)

65.2% (of GDP) (FY12/13 est.)

16.2% (2010 est.)

total: 18.9% male: 10.4% female: 29.9% (2014)

0 bbl/day (2014)

0 bbl/day (2014)

0 bbl/day (2014)

0 bbl (1 January 2014)

178.6 million kWh (2002)

0 kWh (2013 est.)

96% of total installed capacity (2015 est.)

1% of total installed capacity (2013 est.)

0% of total installed capacity (2015 est.)

3% of total installed capacity (2013 est.)

0 kWh (2013 est.)

18,000 kW (2015 est.)

192 million kWh (2002)

electrification - total population: 82% (2018) electrification - urban areas: 93.5% (2018) electrification - rural areas: 78.7% (2018)

0 cu m (2014)

0 cu m

0 bbl/day

0 bbl/day (2014)

particulate matter emissions: 10.23 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.) carbon dioxide emissions: 0.14 megatons (2016 est.) methane emissions: 0.02 megatons (2020 est.)

tropical; heavy year-round rainfall, especially in the eastern islands; located on southern edge of the typhoon belt with occasionally severe damage

overfishing; climate change; water pollution, toxic pollution from mining; solid waste disposal

party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

agricultural land: 25.5% (2018 est.) arable land: 2.3% (2018 est.) permanent crops: 19.7% (2018 est.) permanent pasture: 3.5% (2018 est.) forest: 74.5% (2018 est.) other: 0% (2018 est.)

degree of risk: high (2020) food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea vectorborne diseases: malaria

forest revenues: 0.02% of GDP (2018 est.)

0 cubic meters (2017 est.)

urban population: 23.1% of total population (2021) rate of urbanization: 1.52% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

municipal solid waste generated annually: 26,040 tons (2016 est.)

total: 702 sq km land: 702 sq km water: 0 sq km (fresh water only) note: includes Pohnpei (Ponape), Chuuk (Truk) Islands, Yap Islands, and Kosrae (Kosaie)

four times the size of Washington, DC (land area only)

tropical; heavy year-round rainfall, especially in the eastern islands; located on southern edge of the typhoon belt with occasionally severe damage

6,112 km

highest point: Nanlaud on Pohnpei 782 m lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m

6 55 N, 158 15 E

composed of four major island groups totaling 607 islands

0 sq km NA (2012)

total: 0 km

agricultural land: 25.5% (2018 est.) arable land: 2.3% (2018 est.) permanent crops: 19.7% (2018 est.) permanent pasture: 3.5% (2018 est.) forest: 74.5% (2018 est.) other: 0% (2018 est.)

Oceania, island group in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to Indonesia

Oceania

territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm

typhoons (June to December)

timber, marine products, deep-seabed minerals, phosphate

the majority of the populaton lives in the coastal areas of the high islands; the mountainous interior is largely uninhabited; less than half of the population lives in urban areas

islands vary geologically from high mountainous islands to low, coral atolls; volcanic outcroppings on Pohnpei, Kosrae, and Chuuk

4 states; Chuuk (Truk), Kosrae (Kosaie), Pohnpei (Ponape), Yap

name: Palikir geographic coordinates: 6 55 N, 158 09 E time difference: UTC+11 (16 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) time zone note: Micronesia has two time zones note: Palikir became the new capital of the country in 1989, three years after independence; Kolonia, the former capital, remains the site for many foreign embassies; it also serves as the Pohnpei state capital

citizenship by birth: no citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of FSM dual citizenship recognized: no residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years

history: drafted June 1975, ratified 1 October 1978, entered into force 10 May 1979 amendments: proposed by Congress, by a constitutional convention, or by public petition; passage requires approval by at least three-fourths majority vote in at least three fourths of the states; amended 1990; note at least every 10 years as part of a general or special election, voters are asked whether to hold a constitution convention; a majority of affirmative votes is required to proceed; amended many times, last in 2019 (approval by referendum to hold a constitutional convention)

conventional long form: Federated States of Micronesia conventional short form: none local long form: Federated States of Micronesia local short form: none former: New Philippines; Caroline Islands; Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, Ponape, Truk, and Yap Districts abbreviation: FSM etymology: the term "Micronesia" is a 19th-century construct of two Greek words, "micro" (small) and "nesoi" (islands), and refers to thousands of small islands in the western Pacific Ocean

chief of mission: Ambassador Carmen G. CANTOR (since 31 January 2020) embassy: 1286 US Embassy Place, Kolonia, Pohnpei, FM 96941 mailing address: 4120 Kolonia Place, Washington, D.C. 20521-4120 telephone: [691] 320-2187 FAX: [691] 320-2186 email address and website: koloniaacs@state.gov https://fm.usembassy.gov/

chief of mission: Ambassador Akillino Harris SUSAIA (since 24 April 2017) chancery: 1725 N Street NW, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 223-4383 FAX: [1] (202) 223-4391 email address and website: dcmission@fsmembassy.fm https://fsmembassy.fm/ consulate(s) general: Honolulu, Portland (OR), Tamuning (Guam)

chief of state: President David W. PANUELO (since 11 May 2019); Vice President Yosiwo P. GEORGE (since 11 May 2015); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government head of government: President David W. PANUELO (since 11 May 2019); Vice President Yosiwo P. GEORGE (since 11 May 2015) cabinet: Cabinet includes the vice president and the heads of the 8 executive departments elections/appointments: president and vice president indirectly elected by Congress from among the 4 'at large' senators for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 11 May 2019 (next to be held in 2023) election results: David W. PANUELO elected president by Congress; Yosiwo P. GEORGE reelected vice president

light blue with four white five-pointed stars centered; the stars are arranged in a diamond pattern; blue symbolizes the Pacific Ocean, the stars represent the four island groups of Chuuk, Kosrae, Pohnpei, and Yap

federal republic in free association with the US

3 November 1986 (from the US-administered UN trusteeship)

has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt

ACP, ADB, AOSIS, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, IMF, IOC, IOM, IPU, ITSO, ITU, MIGA, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO, WMO

highest courts: Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and not more than 5 associate justices and organized into appellate and criminal divisions) judge selection and term of office: justices appointed by the FSM president with the approval of two-thirds of Congress; justices appointed for life subordinate courts: the highest state-level courts are: Chuuk Supreme Court; Korsae State Court; Pohnpei State Court; Yap State Court

mixed legal system of common and customary law

description: unicameral Congress (14 seats; 10 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 2-year terms and 4 at- large members directly elected from each of the 4 states by proportional representation vote to serve 4-year terms) elections: last held on 2 March 2021 (next to be held on March 2023) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independent 14; composition - men 14, women 0

name: Patriots of Micronesia lyrics/music: unknown note: adopted 1991; also known as "Across All Micronesia"; the music is based on the 1820 German patriotic song "Ich hab mich ergeben", which was the West German national anthem from 1949-1950; variants of this tune are used in Johannes Brahms' "Festival Overture" and Gustav Mahler's "Third Symphony"

Constitution Day, 10 May (1979)

four, five-pointed, white stars on a light blue field, hibiscus flower; national colors: light blue, white

no formal parties

18 years of age; universal

Each of the four states that compose the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) - Chuuk, Kosrae, Pohnpei, and Yap - has its own unique history and cultural traditions. The first humans arrived in what is now the FSM in the second millennium B.C. In the 800s A.D., construction of the artificial islets at the Nan Madol complex in Pohnpei began, with the main architecture being built around 1200. At its height, Nan Madol united the approximately 25,000 people of Pohnpei under the Saudeleur Dynasty. Around the same time, Kosrae was united in a kingdom centered in Leluh by 1250. Yap s society became strictly hierarchical, with chiefs receiving tributes from islands up to 1,100 km (700 mi) away. Widespread human settlement in Chuuk began in the 1300s, and the different islands in the Chuuk Lagoon were frequently at war with one another. Portuguese and Spanish explorers visited a few of the islands in the 1500s and Spain began exerting nominal, but not day-to-day, control over some of the islands - which they named the Caroline Islands - in the 1600s. Christian missionaries arrived in the 1800s, in particular to Chuuk and Kosrae. By the 1870s, nearly every Kosraean had converted to Christianity and religion continues to play an important role in daily life on the island. In 1899, Spain sold all of the FSM to Germany. Japan seized the islands in 1914 and was granted a League of Nations mandate to administer them in 1920. The Japanese navy built bases across most of the islands and headquartered their Pacific naval operations in Chuuk. The US bombed Chuuk in 1944 during Operation Hailstone in World War II, destroying 250 Japanese planes and 40 ships. The US military largely bypassed the other islands in its leapfrog campaign across the Pacific. The FSM came under US administration as part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands in 1947, which comprised six districts: Chuuk, the Marshall Islands, the Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Pohnpei, and Yap; Kosrae was separated from Pohnpei into a separate district in 1977. In 1979, Chuuk, Kosrae, Pohnpei, and Yap ratified the FSM Constitution and declared independence while the other three districts opted to pursue separate political statuses. In 1982, the FSM signed a Compact of Free Association (COFA) with the US, which granted the FSM financial assistance and access to many US domestic programs in exchange for exclusive US military access and defense responsibilities; the COFA entered into force in 1986 and its funding was renewed in 2003. There are significant inter-island rivalries stemming from their different histories and cultures. Chuuk, the most populous but poorest state, is planning an independence referendum for 2022. Eligible Micronesians can live, work, and study in any part of the US and its territories without a visa - this privilege reduces stresses on the island economy and the environment. Micronesians serve in the US armed forces and military recruiting from the FSM, per capita, is higher than many US states.

defense is the responsibility of the US

no military forces; Federated States of Micronesia National Police (includes a maritime wing)

0-14 years: 28.24% (male 14,585/female 14,129) 15-24 years: 18.62% (male 9,473/female 9,461) 25-54 years: 40.81% (male 19,998/female 21,493) 55-64 years: 7.38% (male 3,602/female 3,898) 65 years and over: 4.95% (male 2,260/female 2,776) (2021 est.)

18.65 births/1,000 population (2021 est.)

NA

NA

12.6% (2018)

4.18 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.)

total dependency ratio: 55.2 youth dependency ratio: 48.4 elderly dependency ratio: 6.8 potential support ratio: 14.7 (2020 est.)

improved: total: 78.6% of population unimproved: total: 21.4% of population (2017 est.)

9.7% of GDP (2018)

Chuukese/Mortlockese 49.3%, Pohnpeian 29.8%, Kosraean 6.3%, Yapese 5.7%, Yap outer islanders 5.1%, Polynesian 1.6%, Asian 1.4%, other 0.8% (2010 est.)

NA

NA

NA

3.2 beds/1,000 population

total: 22.45 deaths/1,000 live births male: 25.65 deaths/1,000 live births female: 19.08 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.)

English (official and common language), Chuukese, Kosrean, Pohnpeian, Yapese, Ulithian, Woleaian, Nukuoro, Kapingamarangi

total population: 74.17 years male: 72.06 years female: 76.4 years (2021 est.)

degree of risk: high (2020) food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea vectorborne diseases: malaria

7,000 PALIKIR (capital) (2018)

88 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)

total: 26.3 years male: 25.5 years female: 27.1 years (2020 est.)

noun: Micronesian(s) adjective: Micronesian; Chuukese, Kosraen(s), Pohnpeian(s), Yapese

-20.9 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.)

45.8% (2016)

101,675 (July 2021 est.)

the majority of the populaton lives in the coastal areas of the high islands; the mountainous interior is largely uninhabited; less than half of the population lives in urban areas

-0.64% (2021 est.)

Roman Catholic 54.7%, Protestant 41.1% (includes Congregational 38.5%, Baptist 1.1%, Seventh Day Adventist 0.8%, Assembly of God 0.7%), Church of Jesus Christ 1.5%, other 1.9%, none 0.7%, unspecified 0.1% (2010 est.)

improved: total: 88.3% of population unimproved: total: 11.7% of population (2017 est.)

at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 0.93 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2020 est.)

2.27 children born/woman (2021 est.)

total: 18.9% male: 10.4% female: 29.9% (2014)

urban population: 23.1% of total population (2021) rate of urbanization: 1.52% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

none

major consumer of cannabis

total: 6 (2013)

total: 6 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2017)

V6

total: 38 by type: general cargo 19, oil tanker 4, other 15 (2021)

major seaport(s): Colonia (Tamil Harbor), Molsron Lele Harbor, Pohnepi Harbor

note - paved and unpaved circumferential roads, most interior roads are unpaved