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Anguilla

2017 Edition — territory

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Communications
Broadcast media [time series]
1 private TV station; multi-channel cable TV subscription services are available; about 10 radio stations, one of which is government-owned (2009)
Internet country code [time series]
.ai
Internet users [time series]
total: 13,665 | percent of population: 81.6% (July 2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 208
Telecommunication systems (Telephone system) [time series]
general assessment: modern internal telephone system | domestic: fixed-line teledensity is about 35 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity is roughly 160 per 100 persons | international: country code - 1-264; landing point for the East Caribbean Fiber System submarine cable with links to 13 other islands in the eastern Caribbean extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad; microwave radio relay to island of Saint Martin/Sint Maarten (2015)
Telephones - fixed lines [time series]
total subscriptions: 6,000 | subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 37 (July 2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 206
Telephones - mobile cellular [time series]
total: 26,000 | subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 158 (July 2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 209
Economy
Agricultural products (Agriculture - products) [time series]
small quantities of tobacco, vegetables; cattle raising
Budget [time series]
revenues: $84.41 million | expenditures: $82.7 million (2016 est.)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) [time series]
1% of GDP (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 25
Central bank discount rate [time series]
6.5% (31 December 2010) | 6.5% (31 December 2009) | country comparison to the world: 55
Commercial bank prime lending rate [time series]
9.2% (31 December 2016 est.) | 9.05% (31 December 2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 90
Current account balance [time series]
$-25.3 million (2016 est.) | $-28.8 million (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 63
Debt - external [time series]
$41.04 million (31 December 2013) | $8.8 million (1998) | country comparison to the world: 196
Economic overview (Economy - overview) [time series]
Anguilla has few natural resources, and the economy depends heavily on luxury tourism, offshore banking, lobster fishing, and remittances from emigrants. Increased activity in the tourism industry has spurred the growth of the construction sector contributing to economic growth. Anguillan officials have put substantial effort into developing the offshore financial sector, which is small but growing. In the medium term, prospects for the economy will depend largely on the tourism sector and, therefore, on revived income growth in the industrialized nations as well as on favorable weather conditions.
Exchange rates [time series]
East Caribbean dollars (XCD) per US dollar - | 2.7 (2016 est.) | 2.7 (2015 est.) | 2.7 (2014 est.) | 2.7 (2013 est.) | 2.7 (2012 est.)
Exports [time series]
$3.9 million (2016 est.) | $4 million (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 219
Exports - commodities [time series]
lobster, fish, livestock, salt, concrete blocks, rum
Fiscal year [time series]
1 April - 31 March
GDP (official exchange rate) [time series]
$175.4 million (2009 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) (GDP (purchasing power parity)) [time series]
$175.4 million (2009 est.) | $191.7 million (2008 est.) | $108.9 million (2004 est.) | country comparison to the world: 222
GDP - composition, by end use [time series]
household consumption: 71.8% | government consumption: 14.5% | investment in fixed capital: 19.4% | investment in inventories: 0% | exports of goods and services: 40.8% | imports of goods and services: -46.6% (2015 est.)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin [time series]
agriculture: 2.4% | industry: 21.3% | services: 76.3% (2016 est.)
Real GDP per capita (GDP - per capita (PPP)) [time series]
$12,200 (2008 est.) | country comparison to the world: 125
Real GDP growth rate (GDP - real growth rate) [time series]
-8.5% (2009 est.) | country comparison to the world: 217
Household income or consumption by percentage share [time series]
lowest 10%: NA% | highest 10%: NA%
Imports [time series]
$104 million (2016 est.) | $108 million (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 216
Imports - commodities [time series]
fuels, foodstuffs, manufactures, chemicals, trucks, textiles
Industrial production growth rate [time series]
2% (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 106
Industries [time series]
tourism, boat building, offshore financial services
Inflation rate (consumer prices) [time series]
-0.6% (2016 est.) | -0.9% (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 25
Labor force [time series]
6,049 (2001) | country comparison to the world: 220
Labor force - by occupation [time series]
agriculture/fishing/forestry/mining: 4% | manufacturing: 3% | construction: 18% | transportation and utilities: 10% | commerce: 36% | services: 29% (2000 est.)
Population below poverty line [time series]
23% (2002 est.)
Public debt [time series]
20.1% of GDP (2015 est.) | 20.8% of GDP (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 184
Stock of broad money [time series]
$374.4 million (31 December 2016 est.) | $397.7 million (31 December 2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 188
Stock of domestic credit [time series]
$209.1 million (31 December 2016 est.) | $422.5 million (31 December 2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 183
Stock of narrow money [time series]
$23.74 million (31 December 2016 est.) | $25.98 million (31 December 2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 192
Taxes and other revenues [time series]
48.1% of GDP (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 18
Unemployment rate [time series]
8% (2002) | country comparison to the world: 101
Geography
Area [time series]
total: 91 sq km | land: 91 sq km | water: 0 sq km | country comparison to the world: 227
Area - comparative [time series]
about one-half the size of Washington, DC
Climate [time series]
tropical; moderated by northeast trade winds
Coastline [time series]
61 km
Elevation [time series]
mean elevation: NA | elevation extremes: lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m | highest point: Crocus Hill 73 m
Environment - current issues [time series]
supplies of potable water sometimes cannot meet increasing demand largely because of poor distribution system
Geographic coordinates [time series]
18 15 N, 63 10 W
Geography - note [time series]
the most northerly of the Leeward Islands in the Lesser Antilles
Irrigated land [time series]
0 sq km (2012)
Land boundaries [time series]
0 km
Land use [time series]
agricultural land: 0% | arable land 0%; permanent crops 0%; permanent pasture 0% | forest: 61.1% | other: 38.9% (mostly rock with some commercial salt ponds) (2011 est.)
Location [time series]
Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, east of Puerto Rico
Map references [time series]
Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims [time series]
territorial sea: 3 nm | exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Natural hazards [time series]
frequent hurricanes and other tropical storms (July to October)
Natural resources [time series]
salt, fish, lobster
Population distribution (Population - distribution) [time series]
most of the population is concentrated in The Valley in the center of the island; settlement is fairly uniform in the southwest, but rather sparse in the northeast
Terrain [time series]
flat and low-lying island of coral and limestone
Government
Administrative divisions [time series]
none (overseas territory of the UK)
Capital [time series]
name: The Valley | geographic coordinates: 18 13 N, 63 03 W | time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Citizenship [time series]
see United Kingdom
Constitution [time series]
several previous; latest 1 April 1982; amended 1990 (2016)
Country name [time series]
conventional long form: none | conventional short form: Anguilla | etymology: the name Anguilla means "eel" in various Romance languages (Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, French) and likely derives from the island's lengthy shape
Dependency status [time series]
overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US [time series]
none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US [time series]
none (overseas territory of the UK)
Executive branch [time series]
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Christina SCOTT (since 23 July 2013) | head of government: Chief Minister Hubert HUGHES (since 16 February 2010) | cabinet: Executive Council appointed by the governor from among elected members of the House of Assembly | elections/appointments: the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed chief minister by the governor
Flag (Flag description) [time series]
blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Anguillan coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms depicts three orange dolphins in an interlocking circular design on a white background with a turquoise-blue field below; the white in the background represents peace; the blue base symbolizes the surrounding sea, as well as faith, youth, and hope; the three dolphins stand for endurance, unity, and strength
Government type [time series]
parliamentary democracy (House of Assembly); self-governing overseas territory of the UK
Independence [time series]
none (overseas territory of the UK)
International organization participation [time series]
Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), OECS, UNESCO (associate), UPU
Judicial branch [time series]
highest court(s): the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (ECSC) is the superior court of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States; the ECSC - headquartered on St. Lucia - consists of the Court of Appeal - headed by the chief justice and 4 judges - and the High Court with 18 judges; the Court of Appeal is itinerant, travelling to member states on a schedule to hear appeals from the High Court and subordinate courts; High Court judges reside in the member states, though none on Anguilla | judge selection and term of office: Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court chief justice appointed by Her Majesty, Queen ELIZABETH II; other justices and judges appointed by the Judicial and Legal Services Commission; Court of Appeal justices appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 65; High Court judges appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 62 | subordinate courts: Magistrate's Court; Juvenile Court
Legal system [time series]
common law based on the English model
Legislative branch [time series]
description: unicameral House of Assembly (11 seats; 7 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, 2 appointed by the governor, and 2 ex officio members - the attorney general and deputy governor; members serve five-year terms) | elections: last held on 22 April 2015 (next to be held in 2020) | election results: percent of vote by party - AUF 54.4%, AUM 38.3%, DOVE 1.4%, independent 5.9%; seats by party - AUF 6, independent 1
National anthem(s) (National anthem) [time series]
name: "God Bless Anguilla" | lyrics/music: Alex RICHARDSON | note: local anthem adopted 1981; as a territory of the United Kingdom, "God Save the Queen" is official (see United Kingdom)
National holiday [time series]
Anguilla Day, 30 May (1967)
National symbol(s) [time series]
dolphin
Political parties (Political parties and leaders) [time series]
Anguilla Democratic Party or ADP | Anguilla National Alliance or ANA | Anguilla United Front or AUF [Victor BANKS] (an alliance ADP and ANA) | Anguilla United Movement or AUM [Dr. Ellis WEBSTER] | Democracy, Opportunity, Vision, and Empowerment Party or DOVE [Sutcliffe HODGE]
Suffrage [time series]
18 years of age; universal
Introduction
Background [time series]
Colonized by English settlers from Saint Kitts in 1650, Anguilla was administered by Great Britain until the early 19th century, when the island - against the wishes of the inhabitants - was incorporated into a single British dependency along with Saint Kitts and Nevis. Several attempts at separation failed. In 1971, two years after a revolt, Anguilla was finally allowed to secede; this arrangement was formally recognized in 1980, with Anguilla becoming a separate British dependency. On 7 September 2017, the island suffered extensive damage from Hurricane Irma, particularly to communications and residential and business infrastructure.
Military and Security
Military - note [time series]
defense is the responsibility of the UK
People and Society
Age structure [time series]
0-14 years: 22.21% (male 1,936/female 1,859) | 15-24 years: 14.08% (male 1,205/female 1,200) | 25-54 years: 43.82% (male 3,363/female 4,124) | 55-64 years: 11.06% (male 880/female 1,010) | 65 years and over: 8.84% (male 750/female 760) (2017 est.)
Birth rate [time series]
12.5 births/1,000 population (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 157
Death rate [time series]
4.6 deaths/1,000 population (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 204
Drinking water source [time series]
urban: 94.6% of population | rural: NA | total: 94.6% of population | urban: 5.4% of population | rural: NA | total: 5.4% of population (2015 est.)
Education expenditure (Education expenditures) [time series]
2.8% of GDP (2008) | country comparison to the world: 146
Ethnic groups [time series]
African/black 85.3%, hispanic 4.9%, mixed 3.8%, white 3.2%, East Indian/Indian 1%, other 1.6%, unspecified 0.3% (2011 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate [time series]
NA
HIV/AIDS - deaths [time series]
NA
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS [time series]
NA
Infant mortality rate [time series]
total: 3.3 deaths/1,000 live births | male: 3.7 deaths/1,000 live births | female: 2.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 211
Languages [time series]
English (official)
Life expectancy at birth [time series]
total population: 81.5 years | male: 78.9 years | female: 84.2 years (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 24
Major infectious diseases [time series]
note: active local transmission of Zika virus by Aedes species mosquitoes has been identified in this country (as of August 2016); it poses an important risk (a large number of cases possible) among US citizens if bitten by an infective mosquito; other less common ways to get Zika are through sex, via blood transfusion, or during pregnancy, in which the pregnant woman passes Zika virus to her fetus (2016)
Major urban areas - population [time series]
THE VALLEY (capital) 1,000 (2014)
Median age [time series]
total: 34.8 years | male: 32.9 years | female: 36.7 years (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 80
Nationality [time series]
noun: Anguillan(s) | adjective: Anguillan
Net migration rate [time series]
11.7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 8
Population [time series]
17,087 (July 2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 220
Population distribution [time series]
most of the population is concentrated in The Valley in the center of the island; settlmement is fairly uniform in the southwest, but rather sparce in the northeast
Population growth rate [time series]
1.97% (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 46
Religions [time series]
Protestant 73.2% (includes Anglican 22.7%, Methodist 19.4%, Pentecostal 10.5%, Seventh Day Adventist 8.3%, Baptist 7.1%, Church of God 4.9%, Presbytarian 0.2%, Brethren 0.1%), Roman Catholic 6.8%, Jehovah's Witness 1.1%, other Christian 10.9%, other 3.2%, unspecified 0.3%, none 4.5% (2011 est.)
Sanitation facility access [time series]
urban: 97.9% of population | rural: NA | total: 97.9% of population | urban: 2.1% of population | rural: NA | total: 2.1% of population (2015 est.)
Sex ratio [time series]
at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female | 0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female | 15-24 years: 1 male(s)/female | 25-54 years: 0.82 male(s)/female | 55-64 years: 0.9 male(s)/female | 65 years and over: 0.98 male(s)/female | total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2016 est.)
Total fertility rate [time series]
1.74 children born/woman (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 165
Urbanization [time series]
urban population: 100% of total population (2017) | rate of urbanization: 0.88% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)
Transnational Issues
Disputes - international [time series]
none
Illicit drugs [time series]
transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe
Transportation
Airports [time series]
2 (2013) | country comparison to the world: 197
Airports - with paved runways [time series]
total: 1 | 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2017)
Airports - with unpaved runways [time series]
total: 1 | under 914 m: 1 (2013)
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix [time series]
VP-A (2016)
National air transport system [time series]
number of registered air carriers: 2 | inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 3 (2015)
Ports (Ports and terminals) [time series]
major seaport(s): Blowing Point, Road Bay
Roadways [time series]
total: 175 km | paved: 82 km | unpaved: 93 km (2004) | country comparison to the world: 211