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Communications

Broadcast media [time series]

state-owned public TV broadcaster operates 1 TV channel nationally; several privately owned TV stations broadcast nationally and roughly another half-dozen operate locally; about one-half the households utilize multi-channel cable or satellite TV services; state-owned public radio broadcaster operates 2 national networks and 4 regional stations; 2 privately owned radio stations operate nationally and another 15 provide more limited coverage (2007)

Internet country code [time series]

.is

Internet users [time series]

total: 316,400 | percent of population: 96.5% (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 141

Broadcast media (Radio broadcast stations) [time series]

AM 3, FM about 70, shortwave 1 (2008)

Telecommunication systems (Telephone system) [time series]

general assessment: telecommunications infrastructure is modern and fully digitized, with satellite-earth stations, fiber-optic cables, and an extensive broadband network | domestic: liberalization of the telecommunications sector beginning in the late 1990s has led to increased competition especially in the mobile services segment of the market | international: country code - 354; the CANTAT-3 and FARICE-1 submarine cable systems provide connectivity to Canada, the Faroe Islands, UK, Denmark, and Germany; a planned new section of the Hibernia-Atlantic submarine cable will provide additional connectivity to Canada, US, and Ireland; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean), 1 Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions); note - Iceland shares the Inmarsat earth station with the other Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden) (2011)

Telephones - fixed lines [time series]

total subscriptions: 170,000 | subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 52 (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 131

Telephones - mobile cellular [time series]

total: 370,000 | subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 113 (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 175

Broadcast media (Television broadcast stations) [time series]

14 (plus 156 repeaters) (1997)

Economy

Agricultural products (Agriculture - products) [time series]

potatoes, green vegetables; mutton, chicken, pork, beef, dairy products; fish

Budget [time series]

revenues: $7.332 billion | expenditures: $7.315 billion (2014 est.)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) [time series]

0.1% of GDP (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 36

Central bank discount rate [time series]

5.4% (31 January 2012) | 5.75% (31 December 2010) | country comparison to the world: 70

Commercial bank prime lending rate [time series]

8.2% (31 December 2014 est.) | 8.17% (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 113

Current account balance [time series]

$789 million (2014 est.) | $574 million (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 57

Debt - external [time series]

$102 billion (31 December 2012 est.) | $110.8 billion (31 December 2011 est.) | country comparison to the world: 47

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income (Distribution of family income - Gini index) [time series]

28 (2006) | 25 (2005) | country comparison to the world: 125

Economic overview (Economy - overview) [time series]

Iceland's Scandinavian-type social-market economy combines a capitalist structure and free-market principles with an extensive welfare system. Prior to the 2008 crisis, Iceland had achieved high growth, low unemployment, and a remarkably even distribution of income. The economy depends heavily on the fishing industry, which provides 40% of export earnings, more than 12% of GDP, and employs nearly 5% of the work force. It remains sensitive to declining fish stocks as well as to fluctuations in world prices for its main exports: fish and fish products, aluminum, and ferrosilicon. Iceland's economy has been diversifying into manufacturing and service industries in the last decade, particularly within the fields of software production, biotechnology, and tourism. In fall 2013, the Icelandic government approved a joint application by Icelandic, Chinese and Norwegian energy firms to conduct oil exploration off Iceland’s northeast coast. Abundant geothermal and hydropower sources have attracted substantial foreign investment in the aluminum sector, boosted economic growth, and sparked some interest from high-tech firms looking to establish data centers using cheap green energy, although the financial crisis has put several investment projects on hold. Much of Iceland's economic growth in recent years came as the result of a boom in domestic demand, following the rapid expansion of the country's financial sector. Domestic banks expanded aggressively in foreign markets, and consumers and businesses borrowed heavily in foreign currencies, following the privatization of the banking sector in the early 2000s. Worsening global financial conditions throughout 2008 resulted in a sharp depreciation of the krona vis-a-vis other major currencies. The foreign exposure of Icelandic banks, whose loans and other assets totaled more than 10 times the country's GDP, became unsustainable. Iceland's three largest banks collapsed in late 2008. The country secured over $10 billion in loans from the IMF and other countries to stabilize its currency and financial sector, and to back government guarantees for foreign deposits in Icelandic banks. GDP fell 6.8% in 2009, and unemployment peaked at 9.4% in February 2009. Since the collapse of Iceland's financial sector, government economic priorities have included: stabilizing the krona, implementing capital controls, reducing Iceland's high budget deficit, containing inflation, addressing high household debt, restructuring the financial sector, and diversifying the economy. Three new banks were established to take over the domestic assets of the collapsed banks. Two of them have foreign majority ownership, while the State holds a majority of the shares of the third. Iceland began making payments to the UK, the Netherlands, and other claimants in late 2011 following Iceland's Supreme Court ruling that upheld 2008 emergency legislation that gives priority to depositors for compensation from failed Icelandic banks. British and Dutch authorities claim Iceland owes approximately $6.5 billion for compensating British and Dutch citizens who lost deposits in Icesave savings accounts when parent bank Landsbanki failed in 2008. Iceland’s financial woes prompted an initial increase in public support to join the EU and the Eurozone, with accession negotiations beginning in July 2010. However, the election of a new center-right government and declining public support amidst the ongoing Eurozone crisis led to the suspension of negotiations in mid-2013.

Exchange rates [time series]

Icelandic kronur (ISK) per US dollar - | 116.1 (2014 est.) | 122.18 (2013 est.) | 125.08 (2012 est.) | 115.95 (2011 est.) | 122.24 (2010 est.)

Exports [time series]

$5 billion (2014 est.) | $4.996 billion (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 113

Exports - commodities [time series]

fish and fish products 40%, aluminum, animal products, ferrosilicon, diatomite (2010 est.)

Exports - partners [time series]

Netherlands 30%, Germany 12.1%, UK 9.5%, Norway 4.8%, US 4.7%, France 4.7% (2013)

Fiscal year [time series]

calendar year

GDP (official exchange rate) [time series]

$16.69 billion (2014 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) (GDP (purchasing power parity)) [time series]

$14.21 billion (2014 est.) | $13.97 billion (2013 est.) | $13.5 billion (2012 est.) | note: data are in 2014 US dollars | country comparison to the world: 151

GDP - composition, by end use [time series]

GDP - composition, by sector of origin [time series]

agriculture: 6% | industry: 22.4% | services: 71.7% (2014 est.)

Real GDP per capita (GDP - per capita (PPP)) [time series]

$43,600 (2014 est.) | $42,900 (2013 est.) | $41,500 (2012 est.) | note: data are in 2014 US dollars | country comparison to the world: 35

Real GDP growth rate (GDP - real growth rate) [time series]

1.8% (2014 est.) | 3.5% (2013 est.) | 1.1% (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 115

Gross national saving [time series]

20.7% of GDP (2014 est.) | 20.2% of GDP (2013 est.) | 11.8% of GDP (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 108

Household income or consumption by percentage share [time series]

lowest 10%: NA% | highest 10%: NA%

Imports [time series]

$4.675 billion (2014 est.) | $4.433 billion (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 134

Imports - commodities [time series]

machinery and equipment, petroleum products, foodstuffs, textiles

Imports - partners [time series]

Norway 15.6%, US 10%, Germany 8.4%, China 8.2%, Brazil 7.7%, Denmark 6.3%, Netherlands 5.2%, UK 4.7%, Sweden 4.2% (2013)

Industrial production growth rate [time series]

1% (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 151

Industries [time series]

fish processing; aluminum smelting, ferrosilicon production; geothermal power, hydropower, tourism

Inflation rate (consumer prices) [time series]

2% (2014 est.) | 3.9% (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 102

Labor force [time series]

185,900 (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 175

Labor force - by occupation [time series]

agriculture: 4.8% | industry: 22.2% | services: 73% (2008)

Market value of publicly traded shares [time series]

$2.825 billion (31 December 2012 est.) | $2.021 billion (31 December 2011) | $1.996 billion (31 December 2010 est.) | country comparison to the world: 95

Population below poverty line [time series]

NA% | note: 332,100 families (2011 est.)

Public debt [time series]

94% of GDP (2014 est.) | 97.9% of GDP (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 17

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold [time series]

$5.692 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $4.237 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 92

Stock of broad money [time series]

$8.368 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | $8.12 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 110

Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad [time series]

$NA (31 December 2011) | $8.8 billion (31 December 2008)

Stock of direct foreign investment - at home [time series]

$NA | $9.2 billion (31 December 2008 est.)

Stock of domestic credit [time series]

$21.86 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $21.22 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 84

Stock of narrow money [time series]

$4.31 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $4.215 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 107

Taxes and other revenues [time series]

45.3% of GDP (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 24

Unemployment rate [time series]

5% (2014 est.) | 5.4% (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 43

Energy

Carbon dioxide emissions (Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy) [time series]

3.505 million Mt (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 138

Crude oil - exports [time series]

0 bbl/day (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 130

Crude oil - imports [time series]

0 bbl/day (2010 est.) | country comparison to the world: 201

Crude oil - production [time series]

0 bbl/day (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 184

Crude oil - proved reserves [time series]

0 bbl (1 January 2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 147

Electricity - consumption [time series]

16.58 billion kWh (2011 est.) | country comparison to the world: 77

Electricity - exports [time series]

0 kWh (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 152

Electricity - from fossil fuels [time series]

4.5% of total installed capacity (2011 est.) | country comparison to the world: 202

Electricity - from hydroelectric plants [time series]

70.6% of total installed capacity (2011 est.) | country comparison to the world: 24

Electricity - from nuclear fuels [time series]

0% of total installed capacity (2011 est.) | country comparison to the world: 108

Electricity - from other renewable sources [time series]

24.9% of total installed capacity (2011 est.) | country comparison to the world: 8

Electricity - imports [time series]

0 kWh (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 158

Electricity - installed generating capacity [time series]

2.669 million kW (2011 est.) | country comparison to the world: 97

Electricity - production [time series]

17.19 billion kWh (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 78

Natural gas - consumption [time series]

0 cu m (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 156

Natural gas - exports [time series]

0 cu m (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 115

Natural gas - imports [time series]

0 cu m (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 207

Natural gas - production [time series]

0 cu m (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 146

Natural gas - proved reserves [time series]

0 cu m (1 January 2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 151

Refined petroleum products - consumption [time series]

17,160 bbl/day (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 138

Refined petroleum products - exports [time series]

1,420 bbl/day (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 103

Refined petroleum products - imports [time series]

14,520 bbl/day (2010 est.) | country comparison to the world: 122

Refined petroleum products - production [time series]

0 bbl/day (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 157

Geography

Area [time series]

total: 103,000 sq km | land: 100,250 sq km | water: 2,750 sq km | country comparison to the world: 108

Area - comparative [time series]

slightly smaller than Pennsylvania; about the same size as Kentucky

Climate [time series]

temperate; moderated by North Atlantic Current; mild, windy winters; damp, cool summers

Coastline [time series]

4,970 km

Elevation (Elevation extremes) [time series]

lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m | highest point: Hvannadalshnukur 2,110 m (at Vatnajokull Glacier)

Environment - current issues [time series]

water pollution from fertilizer runoff; inadequate wastewater treatment

International environmental agreements (Environment - international agreements) [time series]

party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Kyoto Protocol, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Transboundary Air Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling | signed, but not ratified: Environmental Modification, Marine Life Conservation

Total water withdrawal (Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)) [time series]

total: 0.17 cu km/yr (49%/8%/42%) | per capita: 539.2 cu m/yr (2005)

Geographic coordinates [time series]

65 00 N, 18 00 W

Geography - note [time series]

strategic location between Greenland and Europe; westernmost European country; Reykjavik is the northernmost national capital in the world; more land covered by glaciers than in all of continental Europe

Irrigated land [time series]

Land boundaries [time series]

0 km

Land use [time series]

agricultural land: 18.7% | arable land 1.2%; permanent crops 0%; permanent pasture 17.5% | forest: 0.3% | other: 81% (2011 est.)

Location [time series]

Northern Europe, island between the Greenland Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, northwest of the United Kingdom

Map references [time series]

Arctic Region

Maritime claims [time series]

territorial sea: 12 nm | exclusive economic zone: 200 nm | continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin

Natural hazards [time series]

earthquakes and volcanic activity | volcanism: Iceland, situated on top of a hotspot, experiences severe volcanic activity; Eyjafjallajokull (elev. 1,666 m) erupted in 2010, sending ash high into the atmosphere and seriously disrupting European air traffic; scientists continue to monitor nearby Katla (elev. 1,512 m), which has a high probability of eruption in the very near future, potentially disrupting air traffic; Grimsvoetn and Hekla are Iceland's most active volcanoes; other historically active volcanoes include Askja, Bardarbunga, Brennisteinsfjoll, Esjufjoll, Hengill, Krafla, Krisuvik, Kverkfjoll, Oraefajokull, Reykjanes, Torfajokull, and Vestmannaeyjar

Natural resources [time series]

fish, hydropower, geothermal power, diatomite

Terrain [time series]

mostly plateau interspersed with mountain peaks, icefields; coast deeply indented by bays and fiords

Total renewable water resources [time series]

170 cu km (2011)

Government

Administrative divisions [time series]

8 regions; Austurland, Hofudhborgarsvaedhi, Nordhurland Eystra, Nordhurland Vestra, Sudhurland, Sudhurnes, Vestfirdhir, Vesturland

Capital [time series]

name: Reykjavik | geographic coordinates: 64 09 N, 21 57 W | time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

Constitution [time series]

several previous; latest ratified 16 June 1944, effective 17 June 1944 (at independence); amended many times, last in 2013; note - a new constitution drafted in 2012 in the aftermath of the country's banking collapse was voted down in April 2013 by the recently elected parliament, though several amendments were passed (2013)

Country name [time series]

conventional long form: Republic of Iceland | conventional short form: Iceland | local long form: Lydveldid Island | local short form: Island

Diplomatic representation from the US [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador Robert C. BARBER (since 8 January 2015) | embassy: Laufasvegur 21, 101 Reykjavik | mailing address: US Department of State, 5640 Reykjavik Place, Washington, D.C. 20521-5640 | telephone: [354] 595-22 00 | FAX: [354] 562-9118

Diplomatic representation in the US [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador Geir Hilmar HAARDE (since 23 February 2015) | chancery: House of Sweden, 2900 K Street NW | telephone: [1] (202) 265-6653 | FAX: [1] (202) 265-6656 | consulate(s) general: New York

Executive branch [time series]

chief of state: President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August 1996) | head of government: Prime Minister Sigmundur David GUNNLAUGSSON (since 23 May 2013) | cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister | elections/appointments: president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term (no term limits); election last held on 30 June 2012 (next to be held in June 2016); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition becomes prime minister | election results: Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON elected president; percent of vote - Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (independent) 52.8%, Thora ARNORSDOTTIR (independent) 33.2%, Ari Trausti GUDMUNDSSON (independent) 8.6%, other 5.4%

Flag (Flag description) [time series]

blue with a red cross outlined in white extending to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side in the style of the Dannebrog (Danish flag); the colors represent three of the elements that make up the island: red is for the island's volcanic fires, white recalls the snow and ice fields of the island, and blue is for the surrounding ocean

Government type [time series]

constitutional republic

Independence [time series]

1 December 1918 (became a sovereign state under the Danish Crown); 17 June 1944 (from Denmark; birthday of Jon SIGURDSSON leader of Iceland's 19th Century independence movement)

International law organization participation [time series]

has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

International organization participation [time series]

Arctic Council, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CD, CE, EAPC, EBRD, EFTA, EU (candidate country), FAO, FATF, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NATO, NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Judicial branch [time series]

highest court(s): Supreme Court or Haestirettur (consists of 9 judges) | judge selection and term of office: judges proposed by Ministry of Interior selection committee and appointed by the president; judges appointed for an indefinite period | subordinate courts: 8 district courts; Labor Court

Legal system [time series]

civil law system influenced by the Danish model

Legislative branch [time series]

description: unicameral Althingi (parliament) (63 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote to serve 4-year terms) | elections: last held on 27 April 2013 (next to be held in 2017) | election results: percent of vote by party - SDA 30.16%, IP 25.4%, LGM 17.46%, PP 14.29%, BF 3.18%, Dawn 3.18%, Rainbow 3.18%, Pirate Party 1.59%, Solidarity 1.59%; seats by party - SDA 19, IP 16, LGM 11, PP 9, BF 2, Dawn 2, Rainbow 2, Pirate Party 1, Solidarity 1

National anthem(s) (National anthem) [time series]

name: "Lofsongur" (Song of Praise) | lyrics/music: Matthias JOCHUMSSON/Sveinbjorn SVEINBJORNSSON | note: adopted 1944; also known as "O, Gud vors lands" (O, God of Our Land), the anthem was originally written and performed in 1874

National holiday [time series]

Independence Day, 17 June (1944)

National symbol(s) [time series]

gyrfalcon; national colors: blue, white, red

Political parties (Political parties and leaders) [time series]

Bright Future (Bjort Framtid) or BF [Gudmundur STEINGRIMSSON] | Dawn (Dogun) [Benedikt SIGURDARSON] | Independence Party (Sjalfstaedisflokkurinn) or IP [Bjarni BENEDIKTSSON] | Left-Green Movement (Vinstrihreyfingin) or LGM [Katrin JAKOBSDOTTIR] | Pirate Party [Birgitta JONSDOTTIR] | Progressive Party (Framsoknarflokkurinn) or PP [Sigmundur David GUNNLAUGSSON] | Rainbow [Bjarni HAROARSON]; note - party was created to last for the 2013 election only | Social Democratic Alliance (Samfylkingin) or SDA [Arni Pall ARNASON] | Solidarity (Samstada) [Lilja MOSESDOTTIR]

Suffrage [time series]

18 years of age; universal

Introduction

Background [time series]

Settled by Norwegian and Celtic (Scottish and Irish) immigrants during the late 9th and 10th centuries A.D., Iceland boasts the world's oldest functioning legislative assembly, the Althing, established in 930. Independent for over 300 years, Iceland was subsequently ruled by Norway and Denmark. Fallout from the Askja volcano of 1875 devastated the Icelandic economy and caused widespread famine. Over the next quarter century, 20% of the island's population emigrated, mostly to Canada and the US. Denmark granted limited home rule in 1874 and complete independence in 1944. The second half of the 20th century saw substantial economic growth driven primarily by the fishing industry. The economy diversified greatly after the country joined the European Economic Area in 1994, but Iceland was especially hard hit by the global financial crisis in the years following 2008. Literacy, longevity, and social cohesion are first rate by world standards.

Military

Manpower available for military service [time series]

males age 16-49: 75,337 (2010 est.)

Manpower fit for military service [time series]

males age 16-49: 62,781 | females age 16-49: 61,511 (2010 est.)

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually [time series]

male: 2,277 | female: 2,200 (2010 est.)

Military - note [time series]

Iceland is the only NATO member that has no standing military force; all US military forces in Iceland were withdrawn as of October 2006; defense of Iceland remains a NATO commitment and NATO maintains an air policing presence in Icelandic airspace; Iceland participates in international peacekeeping missions with the civilian-manned Icelandic Crisis Response Unit (ICRU)

Military and security forces (Military branches) [time series]

no regular military forces; Icelandic National Police; Icelandic Coast Guard (2013)

Military expenditures [time series]

0.13% of GDP (2012) | 0.14% of GDP (2011) | 0.13% of GDP (2010) | country comparison to the world: 131

People and Society

Age structure [time series]

0-14 years: 20.43% (male 34,653/female 33,161) | 15-24 years: 14.03% (male 23,661/female 22,914) | 25-54 years: 40.09% (male 67,183/female 65,871) | 55-64 years: 11.67% (male 19,502/female 19,230) | 65 years and over: 13.78% (male 21,344/female 24,399) (2015 est.)

Birth rate [time series]

13.91 births/1,000 population (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 153

Death rate [time series]

6.28 deaths/1,000 population (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 126

Dependency ratios [time series]

total dependency ratio: 51.6% | youth dependency ratio: 30.8% | elderly dependency ratio: 20.8% | potential support ratio: 4.8% (2015 est.)

Drinking water source [time series]

Education expenditure (Education expenditures) [time series]

7.4% of GDP (2011) | country comparison to the world: 14

Ethnic groups [time series]

homogeneous mixture of descendants of Norse and Celts 94%, population of foreign origin 6%

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate [time series]

HIV/AIDS - deaths [time series]

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS [time series]

Health expenditure (Health expenditures) [time series]

9.1% of GDP (2013) | country comparison to the world: 38

Hospital bed density [time series]

3.2 beds/1,000 population (2012)

Infant mortality rate [time series]

total: 2.06 deaths/1,000 live births | male: 2.2 deaths/1,000 live births | female: 1.91 deaths/1,000 live births (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 215

Languages [time series]

Icelandic, English, Nordic languages, German widely spoken

Life expectancy at birth [time series]

total population: 82.97 years | male: 80.81 years | female: 85.22 years (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 20

Major urban areas - population [time series]

REYKJAVIK (capital) 184,000 (2014)

Median age [time series]

total: 36.4 years | male: 35.9 years | female: 36.9 years (2014 est.)

Nationality [time series]

noun: Icelander(s) | adjective: Icelandic

Net migration rate [time series]

4.43 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 69

Obesity - adult prevalence rate [time series]

23.9% (2014) | country comparison to the world: 76

Physician density (Physicians density) [time series]

3.48 physicians/1,000 population (2012)

Population [time series]

331,918 (July 2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 180

Population growth rate [time series]

1.21% (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 149

Religions [time series]

Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland (official) 73.8%, Roman Catholic 3.6%, Reykjavik Free Church 2.9%, Hafnarfjorour Free Church 2%, The Independent Congregation 1%, other religions 3.9% (includes Pentecostal and Asatru Association), none 5.6%, other or unspecified 7.2% (2015 est.)

Sanitation facility access [time series]

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) [time series]

total: 19 years | male: 18 years | female: 20 years (2012)

Sex ratio [time series]

Total fertility rate [time series]

2.02 children born/woman (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 141

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) (Unemployment, youth ages 15-24) [time series]

total: 13.6% | male: 14.7% | female: 12.4% (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 85

Urbanization [time series]

urban population: 94.1% of total population (2015) | rate of urbanization: 1.25% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

Transnational Issues

Disputes - international [time series]

Iceland, the UK, and Ireland dispute Denmark's claim that the Faroe Islands' continental shelf extends beyond 200 nm; the European Free Trade Association Surveillance Authority filed a suit against Iceland, claiming the country violated the European Economic Area agreement in failing to pay minimum compensation to Icesave depositors

Refugees and internally displaced persons [time series]

stateless persons: 119 (2014)

Transportation

Airports [time series]

96 (2013) | country comparison to the world: 60

Airports - with paved runways [time series]

total: 7 | over 3,047 m: 1 | 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 | 914 to 1,523 m: 3 (2013)

Airports - with unpaved runways [time series]

total: 89 | 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 | 914 to 1,523 m: 26 | 60 (2013)

Merchant marine [time series]

total: 2 | by type: passenger/cargo 2 | registered in other countries: 19 (Antigua and Barbuda 10, Belize 1, Faroe Islands 4, Finland 1, Gibraltar 1, Norway 2) (2010) | country comparison to the world: 141

Ports (Ports and terminals) [time series]

major seaport(s): Grundartangi, Hafnarfjordur, Reykjavik

Roadways [time series]

total: 12,890 km | paved/oiled gravel: 4,782 km (excludes urban roads) | unpaved: 8,108 km (2012) | country comparison to the world: 126