ARCHIVE // CV // 2015

Cabo Verde

2015 Edition — sovereign

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Communications
Broadcast media [time series]
state-run TV and radio broadcast network plus a growing number of private broadcasters; Portuguese public TV and radio services for Africa are available; transmissions of a few international broadcasters are available (2007)
Internet country code [time series]
.cv
Internet users [time series]
total: 213,900 | percent of population: 39.7% (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 153
Broadcast media (Radio broadcast stations) [time series]
AM 0, FM 22 (plus 12 repeaters), shortwave 0 (2001)
Telecommunication systems (Telephone system) [time series]
general assessment: effective system, extensive modernization from 1996-2000 following partial privatization in 1995 | domestic: major service provider is Cabo Verde Telecom; fiber-optic ring, completed in 2001, links all islands providing Internet access and ISDN services; cellular service introduced in 1998; broadband services launched in 2004 | international: country code - 238; landing point for the Atlantis-2 fiber-optic transatlantic telephone cable that provides links to South America, Senegal, and Europe; HF radiotelephone to Senegal and Guinea-Bissau; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2011)
Telephones - fixed lines [time series]
total subscriptions: 58,500 | subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 11 (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 156
Telephones - mobile cellular [time series]
total: 613,400 | subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 114 (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 166
Broadcast media (Television broadcast stations) [time series]
1 (plus 7 repeaters) (2001)
Economy
Agricultural products (Agriculture - products) [time series]
bananas, corn, beans, sweet potatoes, sugarcane, coffee, peanuts; fish
Budget [time series]
revenues: $426 million | expenditures: $567.6 million (2014 est.)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) [time series]
-7.6% of GDP (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 199
Central bank discount rate [time series]
7.5% (31 December 2010) | 7.5% (31 December 2009) | country comparison to the world: 41
Commercial bank prime lending rate [time series]
10.9% (31 December 2014 est.) | 10.52% (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 73
Current account balance [time series]
-$141 million (2014 est.) | -$90 million (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 85
Debt - external [time series]
$1.617 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $1.484 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 153
Economic overview (Economy - overview) [time series]
Cabo Verde’s economy is vulnerable to external shocks and depends on development aid, foreign investment, remittances, and tourism. The economy is service-oriented with commerce, transport, tourism, and public services accounting for about three-fourths of GDP. Tourism is the mainstay of the economy and depends on conditions in the euro zone countries. Although about 40% of the population lives in rural areas, the share of food production in GDP is low. The island economy suffers from a poor natural resource base, including serious water shortages, exacerbated by cycles of long-term drought, and poor soil for growing food on several of the islands, requiring it to import most of what it consumes. The fishing potential, mostly lobster and tuna, is not fully exploited. Cabo Verde annually runs a high trade deficit financed by foreign aid and remittances from its large pool of emigrants; remittances as a share of GDP are one of the highest in sub-Saharan Africa. Economic reforms are aimed at developing the private sector and attracting foreign investment to diversify the economy and mitigate high unemployment. The government’s elevated debt levels have limited its capacity to finance any shortfalls.
Exchange rates [time series]
Cabo Verdean escudos (CVE) per US dollar - | 83.114 (2014 est.) | 83.114 (2013 est.) | 85.82 (2012 est.) | 79.32 (2011 est.) | 83.259 (2010 est.)
Exports [time series]
$253 million (2014 est.) | $184.2 million (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 183
Exports - commodities [time series]
fuel (re-exports), shoes, garments, fish, hides
Exports - partners [time series]
Spain 46.1%, Poland 22.4%, Portugal 11.8% (2014)
Fiscal year [time series]
calendar year
GDP (official exchange rate) [time series]
$1.858 billion (2014 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) (GDP (purchasing power parity)) [time series]
$3.33 billion (2014 est.) | $3.27 billion (2013 est.) | $3.236 billion (2012 est.) | note: data are in 2014 US dollars | country comparison to the world: 181
GDP - composition, by end use [time series]
household consumption: 59.6% | government consumption: 16.2% | investment in fixed capital: 35.2% | investment in inventories: -1.5% | exports of goods and services: 33.9% | imports of goods and services: -43.4% | (2014 est.)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin [time series]
agriculture: 9.9% | industry: 18.4% | services: 71.8% (2014 est.)
Real GDP per capita (GDP - per capita (PPP)) [time series]
$6,400 (2014 est.) | $6,300 (2013 est.) | $6,200 (2012 est.) | note: data are in 2014 US dollars | country comparison to the world: 156
Real GDP growth rate (GDP - real growth rate) [time series]
1.8% (2014 est.) | 1% (2013 est.) | 1.1% (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 158
Gross national saving [time series]
30% of GDP (2014 est.) | 34.6% of GDP (2013 est.) | 27.7% of GDP (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 24
Household income or consumption by percentage share [time series]
lowest 10%: 1.9% | highest 10%: 40.6% (2000)
Imports [time series]
$862 million (2014 est.) | $808.4 million (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 185
Imports - commodities [time series]
foodstuffs, industrial products, transport equipment, fuels
Imports - partners [time series]
Algeria 72.5%, Portugal 10% (2014)
Industrial production growth rate [time series]
2.6% (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 94
Industries [time series]
food and beverages, fish processing, shoes and garments, salt mining, ship repair
Inflation rate (consumer prices) [time series]
-0.2% (2014 est.) | 1.5% (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 20
Labor force [time series]
196,100 (2007 est.) | country comparison to the world: 172
Population below poverty line [time series]
30% (2000 est.)
Public debt [time series]
113.7% of GDP (2014 est.) | 100.7% of GDP (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 9
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold [time series]
$491.5 million (31 December 2015 est.) | $510.9 million (31 December 2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 151
Stock of broad money [time series]
$1.606 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $1.7 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 159
Stock of domestic credit [time series]
$1.449 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $1.616 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 148
Stock of narrow money [time series]
$597.6 million (31 December 2014 est.) | $597.6 million (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 163
Taxes and other revenues [time series]
22.9% of GDP (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 142
Unemployment rate [time series]
12% (2014 est.) | 16.4% (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 131
Energy
Carbon dioxide emissions (Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy) [time series]
385,700 Mt (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 187
Crude oil - exports [time series]
0 bbl/day (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 113
Crude oil - imports [time series]
0 bbl/day (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 178
Crude oil - production [time series]
0 bbl/day (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 122
Crude oil - proved reserves [time series]
0 bbl (1 January 2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 121
Electricity - consumption [time series]
285.5 million kWh (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 181
Electricity - exports [time series]
0 kWh (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 128
Electricity - from fossil fuels [time series]
76.5% of total installed capacity (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 98
Electricity - from hydroelectric plants [time series]
0% of total installed capacity (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 167
Electricity - from nuclear fuels [time series]
0% of total installed capacity (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 75
Electricity - from other renewable sources [time series]
23.5% of total installed capacity (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 9
Electricity - imports [time series]
0 kWh (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 138
Electricity - installed generating capacity [time series]
108,500 kW (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 172
Electricity - production [time series]
307 million kWh (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 177
Natural gas - consumption [time series]
0 cu m (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 134
Natural gas - exports [time series]
0 cu m (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 84
Natural gas - imports [time series]
0 cu m (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 185
Natural gas - production [time series]
0 cu m (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 175
Natural gas - proved reserves [time series]
0 cu m (1 January 2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 128
Refined petroleum products - consumption [time series]
2,600 bbl/day (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 184
Refined petroleum products - exports [time series]
0 bbl/day (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 169
Refined petroleum products - imports [time series]
2,646 bbl/day (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 177
Refined petroleum products - production [time series]
0 bbl/day (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 171
Geography
Area [time series]
total: 4,033 sq km | land: 4,033 sq km | water: 0 sq km | country comparison to the world: 176
Area - comparative [time series]
slightly larger than Rhode Island
Climate [time series]
temperate; warm, dry summer; precipitation meager and erratic
Coastline [time series]
965 km
Elevation (Elevation extremes) [time series]
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m | highest point: Mt. Fogo 2,829 m (a volcano on Fogo Island)
Environment - current issues [time series]
soil erosion; deforestation due to demand for firewood; water shortages; desertification; environmental damage has threatened several species of birds and reptiles; illegal beach sand extraction; overfishing
International environmental agreements (Environment - international agreements) [time series]
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands | signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Total water withdrawal (Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)) [time series]
total: 0.02 cu km/yr (6%/1%/93%) | per capita: 48.57 cu m/yr (2004)
Geographic coordinates [time series]
16 00 N, 24 00 W
Geography - note [time series]
strategic location 500 km from west coast of Africa near major north-south sea routes; important communications station; important sea and air refueling site
Irrigated land [time series]
34.76 sq km (2004)
Land boundaries [time series]
0 km
Land use [time series]
agricultural land: 18.6% | arable land 11.7%; permanent crops 0.7%; permanent pasture 6.2% | forest: 21% | other: 60.4% (2011 est.)
Location [time series]
Western Africa, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Senegal
Map references [time series]
Africa
Maritime claims [time series]
measured from claimed archipelagic baselines | territorial sea: 12 nm | contiguous zone: 24 nm | exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Natural hazards [time series]
prolonged droughts; seasonal harmattan wind produces obscuring dust; volcanically and seismically active | volcanism: Fogo (elev. 2,829 m), which last erupted in 1995, is Cabo Verde's only active volcano
Natural resources [time series]
salt, basalt rock, limestone, kaolin, fish, clay, gypsum
Terrain [time series]
steep, rugged, rocky, volcanic
Total renewable water resources [time series]
0.3 cu km (2011)
Government
Administrative divisions [time series]
22 municipalities (concelhos, singular - concelho); Boa Vista, Brava, Maio, Mosteiros, Paul, Porto Novo, Praia, Ribeira Brava, Ribeira Grande, Ribeira Grande de Santiago, Sal, Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina do Fogo, Santa Cruz, Sao Domingos, Sao Filipe, Sao Lourenco dos Orgaos, Sao Miguel, Sao Salvador do Mundo, Sao Vicente, Tarrafal, Tarrafal de Sao Nicolau
Capital [time series]
name: Praia | geographic coordinates: 14 55 N, 23 31 W | time difference: UTC-1 (4 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Citizenship [time series]
citizenship by birth: no | citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Cabo Verde | dual citizenship recognized: yes | residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Constitution [time series]
previous 1981; latest effective 25 September 1992; revised 1995, 1999, 2010 (2015)
Country name [time series]
conventional long form: Republic of Cabo Verde | conventional short form: Cabo Verde | local long form: Republica de Cabo Verde | local short form: Cabo Verde | etymology: the name derives from Cap-Vert (Green Cape) on the Senegalese coast, the westernmost point of Africa and the nearest mainland to the islands
Diplomatic representation from the US [time series]
chief of mission: Ambassador Donald L. HEFLIN (since 29 January 2015) | embassy: Rua Abilio Macedo 6, Praia | mailing address: C. P. 201, Praia | telephone: [238] 2-60-89-00 | FAX: [238] 2-61-13-55
Diplomatic representation in the US [time series]
chief of mission: Ambassador Jose Luis Fialho ROCHA (since 14 July 2014) | chancery: 3415 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007 | telephone: [1] (202) 965-6820 | FAX: [1] (202) 965-1207 | consulate(s) general: Boston
Executive branch [time series]
chief of state: President Jorge Carlos FONSECA (since 9 September 2011) | head of government: Prime Minister Jose Maria Pereira NEVES (since 1 February 2001) | cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister | elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 7 August 2011 with a second round on 21 August 2011 (next to be held in 2016); prime minister nominated by the National Assembly and appointed by the president | election results: percent of vote in second round - Jorge Carlos FONSECA (MPD) 53.4%, Manuel Inocencio SOUSA (PAICV) 46.6%
Flag (Flag description) [time series]
five unequal horizontal bands; the top-most band of blue - equal to one half the width of the flag - is followed by three bands of white, red, and white, each equal to 1/12 of the width, and a bottom stripe of blue equal to one quarter of the flag width; a circle of 10, yellow, five-pointed stars is centered on the red stripe and positioned 3/8 of the length of the flag from the hoist side; blue stands for the sea and the sky, the circle of stars represents the 10 major islands united into a nation, the stripes symbolize the road to formation of the country through peace (white) and effort (red)
Government type [time series]
republic
Independence [time series]
5 July 1975 (from Portugal)
International law organization participation [time series]
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
International organization participation [time series]
ACP, AfDB, AOSIS, AU, CD, CPLP, ECOWAS, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Judicial branch [time series]
highest court(s): Supreme Court of Justice (consists of the chief justice and at least 5 judges) | judge selection and term of office: judges appointments - 1 by the president of the republic, 1 elected by the National Assembly, and the remainder by the Supreme Council of Magistrates, a 9-member independent body presided over by the chief justice and includes the high judicial inspector, 2 presidential appointees, 3 elected by the National Assembly, and 2 by their court peers; chief justice appointed by the president of the republic from among peers of the Supreme Court and in consultation with the Supreme Council of Magistrates; judge tenure NA | subordinate courts: first instance (municipal) courts; audit, military, and fiscal and customs courts
Legal system [time series]
civil law system of Portugal
Legislative branch [time series]
description: unicameral National Assembly or Assembleia Nacional (72 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms) | elections: last held on 6 February 2011 (next to be held by 2016) | election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PAICV 38, MPD 32, UCID 2
National anthem(s) (National anthem) [time series]
name: "Cantico da Liberdade" (Song of Freedom) | lyrics/music: Amilcar Spencer LOPES/Adalberto Higino Tavares SILVA | note: adopted 1996
National holiday [time series]
Independence Day, 5 July (1975)
National symbol(s) [time series]
ten, five-pointed, yellow stars; national colors: blue, white, red, yellow
Political parties (Political parties and leaders) [time series]
African Party for Independence of Cabo Verde or PAICV [Janira Hopffer ALMADA] | Democratic and Independent Cabo Verdean Union or UCID [Antonio MONTEIRO] | Democratic Christian Party or PDC [Manuel RODRIGUES] | Democratic Renovation Party or PRD [Victor FIDALGO] | Movement for Democracy or MPD [Ulisses CORREIA e Silva] | Party for Democratic Convergence or PCD [Dr. Eurico MONTEIRO] | Party of Work and Solidarity or PTS [Anibal MEDINA] | Social Democratic Party or PSD [Joao ALEM]
Political parties (Political pressure groups and leaders) [time series]
other: environmentalists; political pressure groups
Suffrage [time series]
18 years of age; universal
Introduction
Background [time series]
The uninhabited islands were discovered and colonized by the Portuguese in the 15th century; Cabo Verde subsequently became a trading center for African slaves and later an important coaling and resupply stop for whaling and transatlantic shipping. Following independence in 1975, and a tentative interest in unification with Guinea-Bissau, a one-party system was established and maintained until multi-party elections were held in 1990. Cabo Verde continues to exhibit one of Africa's most stable democratic governments. Repeated droughts during the second half of the 20th century caused significant hardship and prompted heavy emigration. As a result, Cabo Verde's expatriate population is greater than its domestic one. Most Cabo Verdeans have both African and Portuguese antecedents.
Military
Manpower available for military service [time series]
males age 16-49: 132,087 | females age 16-49: 136,956 (2010 est.)
Manpower fit for military service [time series]
males age 16-49: 106,864 | females age 16-49: 117,518 (2010 est.)
Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually [time series]
male: 6,029 | female: 6,026 (2010 est.)
Military and security forces (Military branches) [time series]
Armed Forces: Army (also called the National Guard, GN), Cabo Verde Coast Guard (Guardia Costeira de Cabo Verde, GCCV; includes naval infantry) (2013)
Military expenditures [time series]
NA% (2012) | 0.51% of GDP (2011) | NA% (2010)
Military service age and obligation [time series]
18-35 years of age for male and female selective compulsory military service; 2-yearsconscript service obligation; 17 years of age for voluntary service (with parental consent) (2013)
People and Society
Age structure [time series]
0-14 years: 30.1% (male 82,623/female 81,731) | 15-24 years: 20.99% (male 57,307/female 57,303) | 25-54 years: 38.53% (male 102,186/female 108,177) | 55-64 years: 5.29% (male 12,194/female 16,709) | 65 years and over: 5.08% (male 10,466/female 17,297) (2015 est.)
Birth rate [time series]
20.33 births/1,000 population (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 82
Child labor - children ages 5-14 [time series]
total number: 1,948 | percentage: 3% | note: data represent children ages 10-14 (2001 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rate [time series]
61.3% (2005)
Death rate [time series]
6.11 deaths/1,000 population (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 161
Dependency ratios [time series]
total dependency ratio: 52% | youth dependency ratio: 45.1% | elderly dependency ratio: 7% | potential support ratio: 14.4% (2015 est.)
Drinking water source [time series]
urban: 94% of population | rural: 87.3% of population | total: 91.7% of population | urban: 6% of population | rural: 12.7% of population | total: 8.3% of population (2015 est.)
Education expenditure (Education expenditures) [time series]
5% of GDP (2011) | country comparison to the world: 76
Ethnic groups [time series]
Creole (mulatto) 71%, African 28%, European 1%
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate [time series]
1.09% (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 44
HIV/AIDS - deaths [time series]
100 (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 125
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS [time series]
3,400 (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 112
Health expenditure (Health expenditures) [time series]
4.4% of GDP (2013) | country comparison to the world: 164
Hospital bed density [time series]
2.1 beds/1,000 population (2010)
Infant mortality rate [time series]
total: 23.45 deaths/1,000 live births | male: 26.89 deaths/1,000 live births | female: 19.91 deaths/1,000 live births (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 76
Languages [time series]
Portuguese (official), Crioulo (a blend of Portuguese and West African words)
Life expectancy at birth [time series]
total population: 71.85 years | male: 69.58 years | female: 74.19 years (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 147
Literacy [time series]
definition: age 15 and over can read and write | total population: 87.6% | male: 92.1% | female: 83.1% (2015 est.)
Major urban areas - population [time series]
PRAIA (capital) 145,000 (2014)
Maternal mortality ratio (Maternal mortality rate) [time series]
42 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 83
Median age [time series]
total: 24.5 years | male: 23.6 years | female: 25.3 years (2015 est.)
Nationality [time series]
noun: Cabo Verdean(s) | adjective: Cabo Verdean
Net migration rate [time series]
-0.63 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 140
Obesity - adult prevalence rate [time series]
11.7% (2014) | country comparison to the world: 131
Physician density (Physicians density) [time series]
0.31 physicians/1,000 population (2011)
Population [time series]
545,993 (July 2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 174
Population growth rate [time series]
1.36% (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 87
Religions [time series]
Roman Catholic 77.3%, Protestant 3.7% (includes Church of the Nazarene 1.7%, Adventist 1.5%, Universal Kingdom of God 0.4%, and God and Love 0.1%), other Christian 4.3% (includes Christian Rationalism 1.9%, Jehovah's Witness 1%, Assembly of God 0.9%, and New Apostolic 0.5%), Muslim 1.8%, other 1.3%, none 10.8%, unspecified 0.7% (2010 est.)
Sanitation facility access [time series]
urban: 81.6% of population | rural: 54.3% of population | total: 72.2% of population | urban: 1.4% of population | rural: 45.7% of population | total: 27.8% of population (2015 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) [time series]
total: 13 years | male: 13 years | female: 14 years (2013)
Sex ratio [time series]
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female | 0-14 years: 1.01 male(s)/female | 15-24 years: 1 male(s)/female | 25-54 years: 0.95 male(s)/female | 55-64 years: 0.73 male(s)/female | 65 years and over: 0.61 male(s)/female | total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2015 est.)
Total fertility rate [time series]
2.29 children born/woman (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 93
Urbanization [time series]
urban population: 65.5% of total population (2015) | rate of urbanization: 1.99% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
Transnational Issues
Disputes - international [time series]
none
Illicit drugs [time series]
used as a transshipment point for Latin American cocaine destined for Western Europe, particularly because of Lusophone links to Brazil, Portugal, and Guinea-Bissau; has taken steps to deter drug money laundering, including a 2002 anti-money laundering reform that criminalizes laundering the proceeds of narcotics trafficking and other crimes and the establishment in 2008 of a Financial Intelligence Unit (2008)
Refugees and internally displaced persons [time series]
stateless persons: 115 (2014)
Transportation
Airports [time series]
9 (2013) | country comparison to the world: 157
Airports - with paved runways [time series]
total: 9 | over 3,047 m: 1 | 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 | 914 to 1,523 m: 3 | under 914 m: 2 (2013)
Merchant marine [time series]
total: 13 | by type: cargo 3, chemical tanker 2, passenger/cargo 7, petroleum tanker 1 | foreign-owned: 3 (Greece 1, Spain 1, UK 1) | registered in other countries: 1 (unknown 1) (2010) | country comparison to the world: 104
Ports (Ports and terminals) [time series]
major seaport(s): Porto Grande
Roadways [time series]
total: 1,350 km | paved: 932 km | unpaved: 418 km (2013) | country comparison to the world: 180