Spain

a mixture of both publicly operated and privately owned TV and radio stations; overall, hundreds of TV channels are available including national, regional, local, public, and international channels; satellite and cable TV systems available; multiple national radio networks, a large number of regional radio networks, and a larger number of local radio stations; overall, hundreds of radio stations (2008)

.es

4.228 million (2012) country comparison to the world: 26

28.119 million (2009) country comparison to the world: 14

general assessment: well-developed, modern facilities; fixed-line teledensity exceeds 40 per 100 persons domestic: combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular teledensity exceeds 150 telephones per 100 persons international: country code - 34; submarine cables provide connectivity to Europe, Middle East, Asia, and US; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean), NA Eutelsat; tropospheric scatter to adjacent countries (2011)

19.22 million (2012) country comparison to the world: 15

50.663 million (2012) country comparison to the world: 28

grain, vegetables, olives, wine grapes, sugar beets, citrus; beef, pork, poultry, dairy products; fish

revenues: $505.1 billion expenditures: $597.3 billion (2013 est.)

-6.8% of GDP (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 185

0.75% (31 December 2013) country comparison to the world: 128 1.5% (31 December 2010) note: this is the European Central Bank's rate on the marginal lending facility, which offers overnight credit to banks in the euro area

8% (31 December 2013 est.) NA% (31 December 2012 est.)

$2.1 billion (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 39 -$15.14 billion (2012 est.)

$2.278 trillion (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 10 $2.269 trillion (31 December 2011)

32 (2005) country comparison to the world: 107 32.5 (1990)

Spain experienced a prolonged recession in the wake of the global financial crisis. GDP contracted by 3.7% in 2009, ending a 16-year growth trend, and continued contracting through most of 2013. Economic growth resumed in late 2013, albeit only modestly, as credit contraction in the private sector, fiscal austerity, and high unemployment continued to weigh on domestic consumption and investment. Exports, however, have been resilient throughout the economic downturn, partially offsetting declines in domestic consumption and helped to bring Spain's current account into surplus in 2013 for the first time since 1986. The unemployment rate rose from a low of about 8% in 2007 to more than 26% in 2013, straining Spain's public finances as spending on social benefits increased while tax revenues fell. Spain’s budget deficit peaked at 11.4% of GDP in 2009. Spain gradually reduced the deficit to just under 7% of GDP in 2013, slightly above the 6.5% target negotiated between Spain and the EU. Public debt has increased substantially – from 60.1% of GDP in 2010 to 93.4% in 2013. Rising labor productivity, moderating labor costs, and lower inflation have helped to improve foreign investor interest in the economy and to reduce government borrowing costs. The government's ongoing efforts to implement reforms - labor, pension, health, tax, and education - are aimed at supporting investor sentiment. The government also has shored up struggling banks exposed to Spain's depressed domestic construction and real estate sectors by successfully completing an EU-funded restructuring and recapitalization program in December 2013.

euros (EUR) per US dollar - 0.7634 (2013 est.) 0.7752 (2012 est.) 0.755 (2010 est.) 0.7198 (2009 est.) 0.6827 (2008 est.)

$458 billion (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 13 $432 billion (2012 est.)

machinery, motor vehicles; foodstuffs, pharmaceuticals, medicines, other consumer goods

France 16.8%, Germany 10.8%, Italy 7.7%, Portugal 7.1%, UK 6.5% (2012)

calendar year

$1.356 trillion (2013 est.)

$1.389 trillion (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 15 $1.407 trillion (2012 est.) $1.43 trillion (2011 est.) note: data are in 2013 US dollars

household consumption: 59% government consumption: 19.9% investment in fixed capital: 18.4% investment in inventories: 0.4% exports of goods and services: 32.8% imports of goods and services: -30.4% (2013 est.)

agriculture: 3.1% industry: 26% services: 70.8% (2013 est.)

$30,100 (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 47 $30,500 (2012 est.) $31,000 (2011 est.) note: data are in 2013 US dollars

-1.3% (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 207 -1.6% (2012 est.) 0.1% (2011 est.)

18.9% of GDP (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 84 18.6% of GDP (2012 est.) 17.5% of GDP (2011 est.)

lowest 10%: 2.6% highest 10%: 26.6% (2000)

$431 billion (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 14 $422 billion (2012 est.)

machinery and equipment, fuels, chemicals, semifinished goods, foodstuffs, consumer goods, measuring and medical control instruments

Germany 11.8%, France 11.5%, Italy 6.7%, China 5.6%, Netherlands 5.4%, UK 4.1% (2012)

-1.2% (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 180

textiles and apparel (including footwear), food and beverages, metals and metal manufactures, chemicals, shipbuilding, automobiles, machine tools, tourism, clay and refractory products, footwear, pharmaceuticals, medical equipment

1.8% (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 60 2.4% (2012 est.)

23.2 million (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 29

agriculture: 4.2% industry: 24% services: 71.7% (2009 est.)

$995.1 billion (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 12 $1.031 trillion (31 December 2011) $1.172 trillion (31 December 2010 est.)

21.1% (2012)

93.7% of GDP (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 17 85.9% of GDP (2012 est.)

$50.59 billion (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 39 $47.1 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

$2.003 trillion (31 December 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 9 $2.096 trillion (31 December 2012 est.)

$714.4 billion (31 December 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 12 $710.2 billion (31 December 2012 est.)

$779.5 billion (31 December 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 10 $725.3 billion (31 December 2012 est.)

$2.936 trillion (31 December 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 10 $3.045 trillion (31 December 2012 est.)

$777.3 billion (31 December 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 8 $785.2 billion (31 December 2012 est.) note: see entry for the European Union for money supply in the euro area; the European Central Bank (ECB) controls monetary policy for the 17 members of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU); individual members of the EMU do not control the quantity of money circulating within their own borders

37.1% of GDP (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 56

26.3% (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 175 25.1% (2012 est.)

318.6 million Mt (2011 est.)

0 bbl/day (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 184

1.061 million bbl/day (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 11

29,290 bbl/day (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 68

150 million bbl (1 January 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 65

249.7 billion kWh (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 14

19.59 billion kWh (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 10

48.7% of total installed capacity (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 158

13% of total installed capacity (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 106

7.3% of total installed capacity (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 20

25.8% of total installed capacity (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 5

8.209 billion kWh (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 28

101.7 million kW (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 12

276.8 billion kWh (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 15

35.82 billion cu m (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 26

4.414 billion cu m (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 36

36.75 billion cu m (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 16

61 million cu m (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 85

2.548 billion cu m (1 January 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 98

1.384 million bbl/day (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 16

249,500 bbl/day (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 25

566,200 bbl/day (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 12

1.189 million bbl/day (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 18

total: 505,370 sq km country comparison to the world: 52 land: 498,980 sq km water: 6,390 sq km note: there are two autonomous cities - Ceuta and Melilla - and 17 autonomous communities including Balearic Islands and Canary Islands, and three small Spanish possessions off the coast of Morocco - Islas Chafarinas, Penon de Alhucemas, and Penon de Velez de la Gomera

temperate; clear, hot summers in interior, more moderate and cloudy along coast; cloudy, cold winters in interior, partly cloudy and cool along coast

4,964 km

lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Pico de Teide (Tenerife) on Canary Islands 3,718 m

pollution of the Mediterranean Sea from raw sewage and effluents from the offshore production of oil and gas; water quality and quantity nationwide; air pollution; deforestation; desertification

party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants

total: 32.46 cu km/yr (18%/22%/61%) per capita: 698.7 cu m/yr (2008)

40 00 N, 4 00 W

strategic location along approaches to Strait of Gibraltar; Spain controls a number of territories in northern Morocco including the enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla, and the islands of Penon de Velez de la Gomera, Penon de Alhucemas, and Islas Chafarinas

34,700 sq km (2011)

total: 1,920.4 km border countries: Andorra 63.7 km, France 623 km, Gibraltar 1.2 km, Portugal 1,214 km, Morocco (Ceuta) 8 km, Morocco (Melilla) 10.5 km note: an additional 75-meter border segment exists between Morocco and the Spanish exclave of Penon de Velez de la Gomera

arable land: 24.75% permanent crops: 9.29% other: 65.96% (2011)

Southwestern Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, North Atlantic Ocean, Bay of Biscay, and Pyrenees Mountains; southwest of France

Europe

territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm (applies only to the Atlantic Ocean)

periodic droughts, occasional flooding volcanism: volcanic activity in the Canary Islands, located off Africa's northwest coast; Teide (elev. 3,715 m) has been deemed a Decade Volcano by the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior, worthy of study due to its explosive history and close proximity to human populations; La Palma (elev. 2,426 m), which last erupted in 1971, is the most active of the Canary Islands volcanoes; Lanzarote is the only other historically active volcano

coal, lignite, iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, uranium, tungsten, mercury, pyrites, magnesite, fluorspar, gypsum, sepiolite, kaolin, potash, hydropower, arable land

large, flat to dissected plateau surrounded by rugged hills; Pyrenees Mountains in north

111.5 cu km (2011)

17 autonomous communities (comunidades autonomas, singular - comunidad autonoma) and 2 autonomous cities* (ciudades autonomas, singular - ciudad autonoma); Andalucia; Aragon; Asturias; Canarias (Canary Islands); Cantabria; Castilla-La Mancha; Castilla-Leon; Cataluna (Castilian), Catalunya (Catalan), Catalonha (Aranese) [Catalonia]; Ceuta*; Comunidad Valenciana (Castilian), Comunitat Valenciana (Valencian) [Valencian Community]; Extremadura; Galicia; Illes Baleares (Balearic Islands); La Rioja; Madrid; Melilla*; Murcia; Navarra (Castilian), Nafarroa (Basque) [Navarre]; Pais Vasco (Castilian), Euskadi (Basque) [Basque Country] note: the autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla plus three small islands of Islas Chafarinas, Penon de Alhucemas, and Penon de Velez de la Gomera, administered directly by the Spanish central government, are all along the coast of Morocco and are collectively referred to as Places of Sovereignty (Plazas de Soberania)

name: Madrid geographic coordinates: 40 24 N, 3 41 W time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October note: Spain has two time zones including the Canary Islands

previous 1812; latest approved by legislature 31 October 1978, passed by referendum 6 December 1978, signed by the king 27 December 1978, effective 29 December 1978; amended 1992, 2011 (2013)

conventional long form: Kingdom of Spain conventional short form: Spain local long form: Reino de Espana local short form: Espana

chief of mission: Ambassador James COSTOS (since 22 August 2013); note - also accredited to Andorra embassy: Serrano 75, 28006 Madrid mailing address: PSC 61, APO AE 09642 telephone: [34] (91) 587-2200 FAX: [34] (91) 587-2303 consulate(s) general: Barcelona

chief of mission: Ambassador Ramon GIL-CASARES Satrustegui (since 5 June 2012) chancery: 2375 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20037 telephone: [1] (202) 452-0100, 728-2340 FAX: [1] (202) 833-5670 consulate(s) general: Boston, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, San Francisco, San Juan (Puerto Rico)

chief of state: King FELIPE VI (since 19 June 2014); Heir Apparent Princess Leonor, daughter of the monarch, born 31 October 2005 head of government: President of the Government (Prime Minister equivalent) Mariano RAJOY (since 20 December 2011); Vice President (and Minister of the President's Office) Soraya SAENZ DE SANTAMARIA (since 22 December 2011) cabinet: Council of Ministers designated by the president (For more information visit theWorld Leaders website) note: there is also a Council of State that is the supreme consultative organ of the government, but its recommendations are non-binding elections: the monarchy is hereditary; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition usually proposed president by the monarch and elected by the National Assembly; election last held on 20 November 2011 (next to be held in November 2015); vice president and Council of Ministers are appointed by the president election results: Mariano RAJOY elected President of the Government; percent of National Assembly vote - 44.62%

three horizontal bands of red (top), yellow (double width), and red with the national coat of arms on the hoist side of the yellow band; the coat of arms is quartered to display the emblems of the traditional kingdoms of Spain (clockwise from upper left, Castile, Leon, Navarre, and Aragon) while Granada is represented by the stylized pomegranate at the bottom of the shield; the arms are framed by two columns representing the Pillars of Hercules, which are the two promontories (Gibraltar and Ceuta) on either side of the eastern end of the Strait of Gibraltar; the red scroll across the two columns bears the imperial motto of "Plus Ultra" (further beyond) referring to Spanish lands beyond Europe; the triband arrangement with the center stripe twice the width of the outer dates to the 18th century note: the red and yellow colors are related to those of the oldest Spanish kingdoms: Aragon, Castile, Leon, and Navarre

parliamentary monarchy

1492; the Iberian peninsula was characterized by a variety of independent kingdoms prior to the Muslim occupation that began in the early 8th century A.D. and lasted nearly seven centuries; the small Christian redoubts of the north began the reconquest almost immediately, culminating in the seizure of Granada in 1492; this event completed the unification of several kingdoms and is traditionally considered the forging of present-day Spain

accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Arctic Council (observer), Australia Group, BCIE, BIS, CAN (observer), CBSS (observer), CD, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EITI (implementing country), EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAIA (observer), MIGA, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club, PCA, Schengen Convention, SELEC (observer), SICA (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, Union Latina, UNRWA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC

highest court(s): Supreme Court or Tribunal Supremo (consists of the court president and organized into the Civil Room with a president and 9 magistrates, the Penal Room with a president and 14 magistrates, the Administrative Room with a president and 32 magistrates, the Social Room with a president and 12 magistrates, and the Military Room with a president and 7 magistrates); Constitutional Court or Tribunal Constitucional de Espana (consists of 12 judges) judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges appointed by the monarch from candidates proposed by the General Council of the Judicial Power, a 20-member body chaired by the monarch and includes presidential appointees, and lawyers and jurists elected by the National Assembly; judge tenure NA; Constitutional Court judges appointed by the monarch for 9-year terms subordinate courts: National Court; High Courts of Justice (in each of the autonomous communities); provincial courts; courts of first instance

civil law system with regional variations

bicameral; General Courts or Las Cortes Generales (National Assembly) consists of the Senate or Senado (257 seats as of 2013; 208 members directly elected by popular vote and the other 49 - as of 2013 - appointed by the regional legislatures and 265 seats as of 2014; 208 members directly elected by popular vote and the other 57 - as of 2014 - appointed by the regional legislatures; members to serve four-year terms) and the Congress of Deputies or Congreso de los Diputados (350 seats; each of the 50 electoral provinces fills a minimum of two seats and the North African enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla fill one seat each with members serving a four-year term; the other 248 members are determined by proportional representation based on popular vote on block lists who serve four-year terms) elections: Senate - last held on 20 November 2011 (next to be held by November 2015); Congress of Deputies - last held on 20 November 2011 (next to be held by November 2015) election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PP 136, PSOE 48, CiU 9, Entesa (PSC-PSOE) 7, EAJ/PNV 4, other 4, members appointed by regional legislatures 49; Congress of Deputies - percent of vote by party - PP 44.6%, PSOE 28.8%, CiU 4.2%, IU 6.9%, Amaiur 1.4%, UPyD 4.7%, EAJ/PNV 1.3%, other 8.1%; seats by party - PP 186, PSOE 110, CiU 16, IU 11, Amaiur 7, UPyD 5, EAJ/PNV 5, other 10

name: "Himno Nacional Espanol" (National Anthem of Spain)

National Day, 12 October (1492); year when Columbus first set foot in the Americas

Pillars of Hercules

Amaiur [collective leadership] (a separatist political coalition that advocates Basque independence from Spain) Basque Nationalist Party or PNV or EAJ [Inigo URKULLU Renteria] Canarian Coalition or CC [Claudina MORALES Rodriquez] (a coalition of five parties) Ciutadans [Albert Rivera] (an anti-separatist Catalan party) Convergence and Union or CiU [Artur MAS i Gavarro] (a coalition of the Democratic Convergence of Catalonia or CDC [Artur MAS i Gavarro] and the Democratic Union of Catalonia or UDC [Josep Antoni DURAN i LLEIDA]) Entesa Catalonia de Progress (a Senate coalition grouping four Catalan parties - PSC, ERC, ICV, EUA) Galician Nationalist Bloc or BNG [Guillerme VAZQUEZ Vazquez] Initiative for Catalonia Greens or ICV [Joan HERRERA i Torres] Yes to the Future or Geroa Bai [collective leadership] (a coalition of four Navarran parties) Popular Party or PP [Mariano RAJOY Brey] Republican Left of Catalonia or ERC [Oriol JUNQUERAS i Vies] Spanish Socialist Workers Party or PSOE [Alfredo Perez RUBALCABA] Union of People of Navarra or UPN [Yolanda BARCINA Angulo] Union, Progress and Democracy or UPyD [Rosa DIEZ Gonzalez] United Left or IU [Cayo LARA Moya] (a coalition of parties including the Communist Party of Spain or PCE and other small parties)

Association for Victims of Terrorism or AVT (grassroots organization devoted primarily to supporting victims of the Basque Fatherland and Liberty (ETA) terrorist organization) 15-M or 15 May protest movement, which is also known as the Indignados, Spanish for the "indignant ones" (a loose association of grassroots organizations that advocate for greater accountability and transparency in Spanish politics, increased social justice and job creation) Socialist General Union of Workers or UGT and the smaller independent Workers Syndical Union or USO Trade Union Confederation of Workers' Commissions or CC.OO. Spanish Confederation of Employers' Organizations or CEOE other: business and landowning interests; Catholic Church; free labor unions (authorized in April 1977); university students

18 years of age; universal

Spain's powerful world empire of the 16th and 17th centuries ultimately yielded command of the seas to England. Subsequent failure to embrace the mercantile and industrial revolutions caused the country to fall behind Britain, France, and Germany in economic and political power. Spain remained neutral in World War I and II but suffered through a devastating civil war (1936-39). A peaceful transition to democracy following the death of dictator Francisco FRANCO in 1975, and rapid economic modernization (Spain joined the EU in 1986) gave Spain a dynamic and rapidly growing economy and made it a global champion of freedom and human rights. More recently the government has had to focus on measures to reverse a severe economic recession that began in mid-2008. Austerity measures implemented to reduce a large budget deficit and reassure foreign investors have led to one of the highest unemployment rates in Europe.

males age 16-49: 11,759,557 females age 16-49: 11,204,688 (2010 est.)

males age 16-49: 9,603,939 females age 16-49: 9,116,928 (2010 est.)

male: 217,244 female: 205,278 (2010 est.)

Spanish Armed Forces: Army (Ejercito de Tierra), Spanish Navy (Armada Espanola, AE; includes Marine Corps), Spanish Air Force (Ejercito del Aire Espanola, EdA) (2013)

0.86% of GDP (2012) country comparison to the world: 111 0.95% of GDP (2011) 0.86% of GDP (2010)

18-26 years of age for voluntary military service by a Spanish citizen or legal immigrant, 2-3 year obligation; women allowed to serve in all SAF branches, including combat units; no conscription, but Spanish Government retains right to mobilize citizens 19-25 years of age in a national emergency; mandatory retirement of non-NCO enlisted personnel at age 45 or 58, depending on service length (2013)

0-14 years: 15.4% (male 3,791,781/female 3,575,157) 15-24 years: 9.6% (male 2,370,289/female 2,212,511) 25-54 years: 45.9% (male 11,158,451/female 10,752,197) 55-64 years: 11.4% (male 2,662,055/female 2,799,379) 65 years and over: 17.5% (male 3,582,643/female 4,833,478) (2014 est.)

9.88 births/1,000 population (2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 197

65.7% (2006)

9 deaths/1,000 population (2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 68

total dependency ratio: 50.3 % youth dependency ratio: 23.2 % elderly dependency ratio: 27.1 % potential support ratio: 3.7 (2014 est.)

improved: urban: 99.9% of population rural: 100% of population total: 100% of population unimproved: urban: 0.1% of population rural: 0% of population total: 0% of population (2012 est.)

5% of GDP (2010) country comparison to the world: 80

composite of Mediterranean and Nordic types

0.4% (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 84

1,600 (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 64

130,000 (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 38

9.6% of GDP (2010) country comparison to the world: 31

3.2 beds/1,000 population (2010)

total: 3.33 deaths/1,000 live births country comparison to the world: 212 male: 3.66 deaths/1,000 live births female: 2.97 deaths/1,000 live births (2014 est.)

Castilian Spanish (official) 74%, Catalan 17%, Galician 7%, and Basque 2% note: Catalan is official in Catalonia, the Balearic Islands, and the Valencian Community (where it is known as Valencian); in the northwest corner of Catalonia (Vall d'Aran), Aranese is official along with Catalan; Galician is official in Galicia; Basque is official in the Basque Country and in the Basque-speaking area of Navarre; Aragonese, Aranese Asturian, Basque, Calo, Catalan, Galician, and Valencian are recognized as regional languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages

total population: 81.47 years country comparison to the world: 18 male: 78.47 years female: 84.67 years (2014 est.)

definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 97.7% male: 98.5% female: 97% (2010 est.)

MADRID (capital) 6.574 million; Barcelona 5.57 million; Valencia 797,000 (2011)

6 deaths/100,000 live births (2010) country comparison to the world: 170

total: 41.6 years male: 40.4 years female: 42.9 years (2014 est.)

29.8 (2010 est.)

noun: Spaniard(s) adjective: Spanish

7.24 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 19

26.6% (2008) country comparison to the world: 45

3.96 physicians/1,000 population (2011)

47,737,941 (July 2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 29

0.81% (2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 135

Roman Catholic 94%, other 6%

improved: urban: 100% of population rural: 100% of population total: 100% of population unimproved: urban: 0% of population rural: 0% of population total: 0% of population (2012 est.)

total: 17 years male: 17 years female: 18 years (2011)

at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.74 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2014 est.)

1.48 children born/woman (2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 194

total: 53.2% country comparison to the world: 5 male: 54.4% female: 51.8% (2012)

urban population: 77.4% of total population (2011) rate of urbanization: 0.81% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

in 2002, Gibraltar residents voted overwhelmingly by referendum to reject any "shared sovereignty" arrangement; the Government of Gibraltar insists on equal participation in talks between the UK and Spain; Spain disapproves of UK plans to grant Gibraltar greater autonomy; Morocco protests Spain's control over the coastal enclaves of Ceuta, Melilla, and the islands of Penon de Velez de la Gomera, Penon de Alhucemas, and Islas Chafarinas, and surrounding waters; both countries claim Isla Perejil (Leila Island); Morocco serves as the primary launching site of illegal migration into Spain from North Africa; Portugal does not recognize Spanish sovereignty over the territory of Olivenza based on a difference of interpretation of the 1815 Congress of Vienna and the 1801 Treaty of Badajoz

despite rigorous law enforcement efforts, North African, Latin American, Galician, and other European traffickers take advantage of Spain's long coastline to land large shipments of cocaine and hashish for distribution to the European market; consumer for Latin American cocaine and North African hashish; destination and minor transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin; money-laundering site for Colombian narcotics trafficking organizations and organized crime

stateless persons: 36 (2012)

150 (2013) country comparison to the world: 38

total: 99 over 3,047 m: 18 2,438 to 3,047 m: 14 1,524 to 2,437 m: 19 914 to 1,523 m: 24 under 914 m: 24 (2013)

total: 51 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 13 under 914 m: 36 (2013)

10 (2013)

total: 132 country comparison to the world: 44 by type: bulk carrier 7, cargo 19, chemical tanker 8, container 5, liquefied gas 12, passenger/cargo 43, petroleum tanker 18, refrigerated cargo 4, roll on/roll off 9, vehicle carrier 7 foreign-owned: 27 (Canada 4, Germany 4, Italy 1, Mexico 1, Norway 10, Russia 6, Switzerland 1) registered in other countries: 103 (Angola 1, Argentina 3, Bahamas 6, Brazil 12, Cabo Verde 1, Cyprus 6, Ireland 1, Malta 8, Morocco 9, Panama 30, Peru 1, Portugal 18, Uruguay 5, Venezuela 1, unknown 1) (2010)

gas 10,481 km; oil 616 km; refined products 3,461 km (2013)

major seaport(s): Algeciras, Barcelona, Bilbao, Cartagena, Huelva, Tarragona, Valencia (Spain); Las Palmas, Santa Cruz de Tenerife (Canary Islands) container port(s) (TEUs): Algeciras (3,608,301), Barcelona (2,033,747), Valencia (4,327,371); Las Palmas (1,287,389)

total: 15,293 km country comparison to the world: 19 broad gauge: 11,919 km 1.668-m gauge (6,950 km electrified) standard gauge: 1,392 km 1.435-m gauge (1,054 km electrified) narrow gauge: 1,954 km 1.000-m gauge (815 km electrified); 28 km 0.914-m gauge (2008)

total: 683,175 km country comparison to the world: 10 paved: 683,175 km (includes 16,205 km of expressways) (2011)

1,000 km (2012) country comparison to the world: 65