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Communications

Broadcast media [time series]

2 publicly-owned television stations, Television Malta (TVM) broadcasting nationally and an educational channel; several privately-owned national television stations, two of which are owned by political parties; Italian and British broadcast programs are available; multi-channel cable and satellite TV services are obtainable; publicly-owned radio broadcaster operates 1 station; roughly 20 commercial radio stations operating (2011)

Internet country code [time series]

.mt

Internet users (Internet hosts) [time series]

24,941 (2010) country comparison to the world: 102

Internet users [time series]

240,600 (2009) country comparison to the world: 137

Telecommunication systems (Telephone system) [time series]

general assessment: automatic system featuring submarine cable and microwave radio relay between islands domestic: combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular subscribership exceeds 165 per 100 persons international: country code - 356; submarine cable connects to Italy; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2008)

Telephones - fixed lines (Telephones - main lines in use) [time series]

247,300 (2010) country comparison to the world: 123

Telephones - mobile cellular [time series]

455,400 (2010) country comparison to the world: 165

Economy

Agricultural products (Agriculture - products) [time series]

potatoes, cauliflower, grapes, wheat, barley, tomatoes, citrus, cut flowers, green peppers; pork, milk, poultry, eggs

Budget [time series]

revenues: $3.207 billion expenditures: $3.507 billion (2010 est.)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) [time series]

-3.6% of GDP (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 111

Central bank discount rate [time series]

1.75% (31 December 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 128 1.75% (31 December 2009) note: this is the European Central Bank's rate on the marginal lending facility, which offers overnight credit to banks in the euro area

Commercial bank prime lending rate [time series]

4.617% (31 December 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 169 4.492% (31 December 2009 est.)

Current account balance [time series]

-$361.5 million (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 99 -$601 million (2009 est.)

Debt - external [time series]

$48.79 billion (30 June 2011) country comparison to the world: 59 $5.978 billion (31 December 2010)

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income (Distribution of family income - Gini index) [time series]

26 (2007) country comparison to the world: 135

Economic overview (Economy - overview) [time series]

Malta produces only about 20% of its food needs, has limited fresh water supplies, and has few domestic energy sources. Malta's geographic position between the EU and Africa makes it a target for illegal immigration, which has strained Malta's political and economic resources. Malta adopted the euro on 1 January 2008. Malta's financial services industry has grown in recent years and in 2008-09 it escaped significant damage from the international financial crisis, largely because the sector is centered on the indigenous real estate market and is not highly leveraged. Locally, the restricted damage from the financial crisis has been attributed to the stability of the Maltese banking system and to its prudent risk-management practices. The global economic downturn and high electricity and water prices hurt Malta's real economy, which is dependent on foreign trade, manufacturing - especially electronics and pharmaceuticals - and tourism, but growth bounced back as the global economy recovered in 2010. Following a 1.2% contraction in 2009, GDP grew 2% in 2010. In early 2011, the EU ended excessive deficit procedures against Malta, after Malta had taken measures to correct an excessive deficit in 2010 and appeared likely to reach its deficit target of 2.8% of GDP in 2011.

Electricity - consumption [time series]

1.991 billion kWh (2010) country comparison to the world: 136

Electricity - exports [time series]

0 kWh (2009 est.)

Electricity - imports [time series]

0 kWh (2009 est.)

Electricity - production [time series]

2.113 billion kWh (2010) country comparison to the world: 134

Exchange rates [time series]

euros (EUR) per US dollar - 0.755 (2010) 0.72 (2009) 0.6827 (2008) note: on 1 January 2008 Malta adopted the euro as legal tender

Exports [time series]

$3.088 billion (2010) country comparison to the world: 122 $2.427 billion (2009)

Exports - commodities [time series]

electrical machinery, mechanical appliances, fish and crustaceans, pharmaceutical products, printed material

Exports - partners [time series]

Germany 18.4%, France 15.7%, UK 9.1%, Italy 6.6%, Libya 6%, US 5.7% (2010)

GDP (official exchange rate) [time series]

$8.288 billion (2010 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) (GDP (purchasing power parity)) [time series]

$10.41 billion (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 151 $10.04 billion (2009 est.) $10.39 billion (2008 est.) note: data are in 2010 US dollars

GDP - composition, by sector of origin (GDP - composition by sector) [time series]

agriculture: 1.9% industry: 17.2% services: 80.9% (2010 est.)

Real GDP per capita (GDP - per capita (PPP)) [time series]

$25,600 (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 53 $24,800 (2009 est.) $25,800 (2008 est.) note: data are in 2010 US dollars

Real GDP growth rate (GDP - real growth rate) [time series]

3.7% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 106 -3.4% (2009 est.) 5.3% (2008 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share [time series]

lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%

Imports [time series]

$4.317 billion (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 123 $3.798 billion (2009 est.)

Imports - commodities [time series]

mineral fuels and oils, electrical machinery, non-electrical machinery, aircraft and other transport equipment, plastic and other semi-manufactured goods; food, drink, tobacco

Imports - partners [time series]

Italy 24.1%, UK 8.6%, Germany 8.5%, France 8.2%, Singapore 4.1% (2010)

Industrial production growth rate [time series]

NA%

Industries [time series]

tourism, electronics, ship building and repair, construction, food and beverages, pharmaceuticals, footwear, clothing, tobacco, aviation services, financial services, information technology services

Inflation rate (consumer prices) [time series]

1.5% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 45 2.1% (2009 est.)

Investment (gross fixed) [time series]

16.2% of GDP (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 156

Labor force [time series]

265,200 (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 166

Labor force - by occupation [time series]

agriculture: 1.3% industry: 24.8% services: 73.9% (2010)

Market value of publicly traded shares [time series]

$2.399 billion (31 December 2010) country comparison to the world: 96 $1.982 billion (31 December 2009) $3.572 billion (31 December 2008)

Natural gas - consumption [time series]

0 cu m (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 203

Natural gas - exports [time series]

0 cu m (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 147

Natural gas - imports [time series]

0 cu m (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 154

Natural gas - production [time series]

0 cu m (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 102

Natural gas - proved reserves [time series]

0 cu m (1 January 2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 169

Oil - consumption [time series]

19,000 bbl/day (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 131

Oil - exports [time series]

0 bbl/day (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 178

Oil - imports [time series]

18,420 bbl/day (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 116

Oil - production [time series]

0 bbl/day (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 199

Oil - proved reserves [time series]

0 bbl (1 January 2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 167

Population below poverty line [time series]

NA%

Public debt [time series]

67.8% of GDP (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 26 67% of GDP (2009 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold [time series]

$540.2 million (31 December 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 148 $538.6 million (31 December 2009 est.)

Stock of broad money [time series]

$12.5 billion (31 December 2010) country comparison to the world: 95 $12.94 billion (31 December 2009)

Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad [time series]

$1.213 billion (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 72

Stock of direct foreign investment - at home [time series]

$16.63 billion (31 December 2010) country comparison to the world: 72 $8.24 billion (31 December 2009)

Stock of domestic credit [time series]

$18.66 billion (31 December 2010) country comparison to the world: 83 $20.4 billion (31 December 2009)

Stock of narrow money [time series]

$5.109 billion (31 December 2010) country comparison to the world: 90 $5.283 billion (31 December 2009) note: see entry for the European Union for money supply in the euro area; the European Central Bank (ECB) controls monetary policy for the 17 members of the EMU; individual members of the EMU do not control the quantity of money circulating within their own borders

Taxes and other revenues [time series]

38.7% of GDP (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 50

Unemployment rate [time series]

6.9% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 68 7% (2009 est.)

Geography

Area [time series]

total: 316 sq km country comparison to the world: 207 land: 316 sq km water: 0 sq km

Area - comparative [time series]

slightly less than twice the size of Washington, DC

Climate [time series]

Mediterranean; mild, rainy winters; hot, dry summers

Coastline [time series]

196.8 km (excludes 56.01 km for the island of Gozo)

Elevation (Elevation extremes) [time series]

lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m highest point: Ta'Dmejrek 253 m (near Dingli)

Environment - current issues [time series]

limited natural freshwater resources; increasing reliance on desalination

International environmental agreements (Environment - international agreements) [time series]

party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Total water withdrawal (Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)) [time series]

total: 0.02 cu km/yr (74%/1%/25%) per capita: 50 cu m/yr (2000)

Geographic coordinates [time series]

35 50 N, 14 35 E

Geography - note [time series]

the country comprises an archipelago, with only the three largest islands (Malta, Ghawdex or Gozo, and Kemmuna or Comino) being inhabited; numerous bays provide good harbors; Malta and Tunisia are discussing the commercial exploitation of the continental shelf between their countries, particularly for oil exploration

Irrigated land [time series]

32 sq km (2008)

Land boundaries [time series]

0 km

Land use [time series]

arable land: 31.25% permanent crops: 3.13% other: 65.62% (2005)

Location [time series]

Southern Europe, islands in the Mediterranean Sea, south of Sicily (Italy)

Map references [time series]

Europe

Maritime claims [time series]

territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm continental shelf: 200 m depth or to the depth of exploitation exclusive fishing zone: 25 nm

Natural hazards [time series]

Natural resources [time series]

limestone, salt, arable land

Terrain [time series]

mostly low, rocky, flat to dissected plains; many coastal cliffs

Total renewable water resources [time series]

0.07 cu km (2005)

Government

Administrative divisions [time series]

none (administered directly from Valletta); note - local councils carry out administrative orders and have some responsibility for local road and other public maintenance

Capital [time series]

name: Valletta geographic coordinates: 35 53 N, 14 30 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

Constitution [time series]

1964; amended many times

Country name [time series]

conventional long form: Republic of Malta conventional short form: Malta local long form: Repubblika ta' Malta local short form: Malta

Diplomatic representation from the US [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador Douglas W. KMIEC embassy: 3rd Floor, Development House, Saint Anne Street, Floriana, FRN 9010 mailing address: P. O. Box 535, Valletta, VLT1000 telephone: [356] 2561 4000 FAX: [356] 2124 3229

Diplomatic representation in the US [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Dennis GRECH chancery: 2017 Connecticut Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 462-3611 through 3612 FAX: [1] (202) 387-5470 consulate(s): New York

Executive branch [time series]

chief of state: President George ABELA (since 4 April 2009) head of government: Prime Minister Lawrence GONZI (since 23 March 2004) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister (For more information visit theWorld Leaders website) elections: president elected by a resolution of the House of Representatives for a five-year term; election last held on 12 January 2009 (next to be held by April 2014); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of a majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the president for a five-year term; the deputy prime minister appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister election results: George ABELA elected president by the House of Representatives

Flag (Flag description) [time series]

two equal vertical bands of white (hoist side) and red; in the upper hoist-side corner is a representation of the George Cross, edged in red; according to legend, the colors are taken from the red and white checkered banner of Count Roger of Sicily who removed a bi-colored corner and granted it to Malta in 1091; an uncontested explanation is that the colors are those of the Knights of Saint John who ruled Malta from 1530 to 1798; in 1942, King George VI of the United Kingdom awarded the George Cross to the islanders for their exceptional bravery and gallantry in World War II; since independence in 1964, the George Cross bordered in red has appeared directly on the white field

Government type [time series]

republic

Independence [time series]

21 September 1964 (from the UK)

International law organization participation [time series]

accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

International organization participation [time series]

Australia Group, C, CE, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, EMU, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NSG, OAS (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina (observer), UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Judicial branch [time series]

Constitutional Court; Court of First Instance; Court of Appeal note: magistrates and judges for the courts are appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister

Legal system [time series]

mixed legal system of English common law and civil law (based on the Roman and Napoleonic civil codes)

Legislative branch [time series]

unicameral House of Representatives (normally 65 seats; members are elected by popular vote on the basis of proportional representation by the Single Transferrable Vote (STV) to serve five-year terms; note - the parliament elected in 2008 is composed of 69 seats; when the political party winning an absolute majority of first-count votes (or a plurality of first-count votes in an election where only two parties are represented in parliament) does not win an absolute majority of seats, the constitution provides for the winning party to be awarded additional number of seats in parliament to guarantee it an absolute majority; in the event that more than two parties are repressented in parliament, with none acquiring the absolute majority of votes, the party winning the majority of seats prevails elections: last held on 8 March 2008 (next to be held by March 2013) election results: percent of vote by party - PN 49.3%, PL 48.8%, other 1.9%; seats by party - PN 35, PL 34

National anthem(s) (National anthem) [time series]

name: "L-Innu Malti" (The Maltese Anthem) lyrics/music: Dun Karm PSAILA/Robert SAMMUT note: adopted 1945; the anthem is written in the form of a prayer

National holiday [time series]

Independence Day, 21 September (1964); Republic Day, 13 December (1974)

National symbol(s) [time series]

Maltese cross

Political parties (Political parties and leaders) [time series]

Alternativa Demokratika/Alliance for Social Justice or AD [Michael BRIGUGLIO]; Labor Party or PL [Joseph MUSCAT]; Nationalist Party or PN [Lawrence GONZI]; The Malta Communist Party [Victor DEGIOVANNI]

Political parties (Political pressure groups and leaders) [time series]

Alleanza Liberal-Demokratika Maltra or ALDM (for divorce, abortion, gay marriage, the rights existent in other EU member states); Alleanza Nazzionali Repubblikana or ANR (for traditional values, anti-immigration); Alternattiva Demokratika (pro-environment); Flimkien Ghal-Ambjent Ahjar (pro-environment); Ghazda tal-Konsumaturi (consumer rights) other: environmentalists

Suffrage [time series]

18 years of age; universal

Introduction

Background [time series]

Great Britain formally acquired possession of Malta in 1814. The island staunchly supported the UK through both world wars and remained in the Commonwealth when it became independent in 1964. A decade later Malta became a republic. Since about the mid-1980s, the island has transformed itself into a freight transshipment point, a financial center, and a tourist destination. Malta became an EU member in May 2004 and began using the euro as currency in 2008.

Military

Manpower available for military service [time series]

males age 16-49: 95,499 females age 16-49: 90,919 (2010 est.)

Manpower fit for military service [time series]

males age 16-49: 79,645 females age 16-49: 75,684 (2010 est.)

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually [time series]

male: 2,554 female: 2,385 (2010 est.)

Military and security forces (Military branches) [time series]

Armed Forces of Malta (AFM; includes air and maritime elements) (2010)

Military expenditures [time series]

0.7% of GDP (2006 est.) country comparison to the world: 152

Military service age and obligation [time series]

17 years 6 months of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2010)

People and Society

Age structure [time series]

0-14 years: 15.7% (male 32,829/female 31,198) 15-64 years: 68.5% (male 142,006/female 137,803) 65 years and over: 15.8% (male 28,305/female 36,192) (2011 est.)

Birth rate [time series]

10.35 births/1,000 population (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 184

Death rate [time series]

8.6 deaths/1,000 population (July 2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 84

Drinking water source [time series]

improved: urban: 100% of population rural: 100% of population total: 100% of population (2008)

Education expenditure (Education expenditures) [time series]

6.4% of GDP (2007) country comparison to the world: 22

Ethnic groups [time series]

Maltese (descendants of ancient Carthaginians and Phoenicians with strong elements of Italian and other Mediterranean stock)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate [time series]

0.1% (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 141

HIV/AIDS - deaths [time series]

fewer than 100 (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 122

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS [time series]

fewer than 500 (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 154

Health expenditure (Health expenditures) [time series]

16.5% of GDP (2009) country comparison to the world: 1

Hospital bed density [time series]

4.88 beds/1,000 population (2009) country comparison to the world: 41

Infant mortality rate [time series]

total: 3.69 deaths/1,000 live births country comparison to the world: 206 male: 4.12 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.22 deaths/1,000 live births (2011 est.)

Languages [time series]

Maltese (official) 90.2%, English (official) 6%, multilingual 3%, other 0.8% (2005 census)

Life expectancy at birth [time series]

total population: 79.72 years country comparison to the world: 34 male: 77.45 years female: 82.12 years (2011 est.)

Literacy [time series]

definition: age 10 and over can read and write total population: 92.8% male: 91.7% female: 93.9% (2005 Census)

Major urban areas - population (Major cities - population) [time series]

VALLETTA (capital) 199,000 (2009)

Maternal mortality ratio (Maternal mortality rate) [time series]

8 deaths/100,000 live births (2008) country comparison to the world: 155

Median age [time series]

total: 40 years male: 38.8 years female: 41.4 years (2011 est.)

Nationality [time series]

noun: Maltese (singular and plural) adjective: Maltese

Net migration rate [time series]

2.01 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 41

Obesity - adult prevalence rate [time series]

20.7% (2007) country comparison to the world: 21

Physician density (Physicians density) [time series]

3.073 physicians/1,000 population (2009) country comparison to the world: 37

Population [time series]

408,333 (July 2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 174

Population growth rate [time series]

0.375% (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 160

Religions [time series]

Roman Catholic (official) 98%

Sanitation facility access [time series]

improved: urban: 100% of population rural: 100% of population total: 100% of population (2008)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) [time series]

total: 14 years male: 14 years female: 15 years (2008)

Sex ratio [time series]

at birth: 1.058 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2011 est.)

Total fertility rate [time series]

1.52 children born/woman (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 183

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) (Unemployment, youth ages 15-24) [time series]

total: 13.3% country comparison to the world: 86 male: 17.7% female: 15.4% (2009)

Urbanization [time series]

urban population: 95% of total population (2010) rate of urbanization: 0.5% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

Transnational Issues

Disputes - international [time series]

none

Illicit drugs [time series]

minor transshipment point for hashish from North Africa to Western Europe

Trafficking in persons [time series]

current situation: Malta is a source and destination country for European women and children subjected to sex trafficking; Malta is likely a destination country for men and women subjected to forced labor, including in restaurants, private households, and in unskilled or semi-skilled labor; Malta may be a transit country for African women subjected to sex trafficking in continental Europe tier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - the government demonstrated greater commitment to combat trafficking through national coordination by appointing the country's first anti-trafficking coordinator and anti-trafficking monitoring board; these measures, however, have not yet resulted in concrete improvements to victim identification procedures, victim care systems, effective investigations and prosecutions of trafficking offenders, or targeted prevention activities; victims of trafficking were punished for acts committed during the course of trafficking or deported without proper victim identification (2011)

Transportation

Airports [time series]

1 (2010) country comparison to the world: 226

Airports - with paved runways [time series]

total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2010)

Merchant marine [time series]

total: 1,571 country comparison to the world: 4 by type: bulk carrier 522, cargo 377, carrier 1, chemical tanker 280, container 91, liquefied gas 31, passenger 45, passenger/cargo 22, petroleum tanker 141, refrigerated cargo 14, roll on/roll off 30, specialized tanker 2, vehicle carrier 15 foreign-owned: 1,401 (Angola 7, Austria 1, Azerbaijan 1, Bahamas 1, Bangladesh 1, Belgium 14, Bermuda 8, Bulgaria 7, Canada 1, China 11, Croatia 7, Cyprus 29, Denmark 41, Egypt 1, Estonia 16, Finland 2, France 13, Germany 127, Greece 458, Hong Kong 2, India 4, Iran 56, Ireland 1, Israel 5, Italy 52, Japan 5, Kuwait 2, Latvia 11, Lebanon 7, Libya 4, Luxembourg 3, Malaysia 1, Netherlands 2, Nigeria 1, Norway 84, Poland 22, Portugal 3, Romania 8, Russia 47, Singapore 3, Slovenia 4, South Korea 3, Spain 10, Sweden 3, Switzerland 14, Syria 5, Turkey 211, UAE 1, UK 16, Ukraine 30, US 35) note: this country allows large numbers of ships owned by foreign entities to be registered in its national shipping registry and to fly its flag; these ships operate under the laws of the flag state registered in other countries: 2 (Panama 2) (2010)

Ports (Ports and terminals) [time series]

Marsaxlokk (Malta Freeport), Valletta

Roadways [time series]

total: 3,096 km country comparison to the world: 164 paved: 2,710 km unpaved: 386 km (2008)