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Communications

Broadcast media [time series]

public broadcaster operates 3 channels with the third channel - a satellite channel - introduced in 2007; various privately-owned commercial TV broadcasters operate national and multiple regional channels; large number of privately-owned local TV stations; multi-channel cable and satellite TV services are available; publicly-owned broadcaster operates 3 radio networks; large number of privately-owned commercial broadcasters, many with repeater stations in various regions throughout the country (2007)

Internet country code [time series]

.lt

Internet users (Internet hosts) [time series]

1.17 million (2010) country comparison to the world: 40

Internet users [time series]

1.964 million (2009) country comparison to the world: 75

Telecommunication systems (Telephone system) [time series]

general assessment: adequate; being modernized to provide improved international capability and better residential access domestic: rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services has resulted in a steady decline in the number of fixed-line connections; mobile-cellular teledensity stands at about 140 per 100 persons international: country code - 370; major international connections to Denmark, Sweden, and Norway by submarine cable for further transmission by satellite; landline connections to Latvia and Poland (2008)

Telephones - fixed lines (Telephones - main lines in use) [time series]

733,700 (2010) country comparison to the world: 88

Telephones - mobile cellular [time series]

4.891 million (2010) country comparison to the world: 103

Economy

Agricultural products (Agriculture - products) [time series]

grain, potatoes, sugar beets, flax, vegetables; beef, milk, eggs; fish

Budget [time series]

revenues: $12.78 billion expenditures: $15.37 billion (2010 est.)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) [time series]

-7.1% of GDP (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 176

Central bank discount rate [time series]

3% (31 December 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 106 2.06% (31 December 2009 est.)

Commercial bank prime lending rate [time series]

5.988% (31 December 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 124 8.393% (31 December 2009 est.)

Current account balance [time series]

$667 million (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 51 $1.648 billion (2009 est.)

Debt - external [time series]

$35.84 billion (30 June 2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 64 $29.88 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income (Distribution of family income - Gini index) [time series]

37.6 (2008) country comparison to the world: 78 34 (1999)

Economic overview (Economy - overview) [time series]

Lithuania gained membership in the World Trade Organization and joined the EU in May 2004. Despite Lithuania's EU accession, Lithuania's trade with its Central and Eastern European neighbors, and Russia in particular, accounts for a growing percentage of total trade. Privatization of the large, state-owned utilities is nearly complete. Foreign government and business support have helped in the transition from the old command economy to a market economy. Lithuania's economy grew on average 8% per year for the four years prior to 2008 driven by exports and domestic demand. However, GDP plunged nearly 15% in 2009 - during the 2008-09 crisis the three former Soviet Baltic republics had the world's worst economic declines. In 2009, the government launched a high-profile campaign, led by Prime Minister KUBILIUS, to attract foreign investment and to develop export markets. The current account deficit, which had risen to roughly 15% of GDP in 2007-08, recovered to a surplus of 4% 2009 and 3.4% in 2010 in the wake of a cutback in imports to almost half the 2008 level. Nevertheless, economic growth was flat and unemployment continued upward to 17.9% in 2010.

Electricity - consumption [time series]

10.3 billion kWh (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 87

Electricity - exports [time series]

7.715 billion kWh (2009 est.)

Electricity - imports [time series]

2.932 billion kWh (2009 est.)

Electricity - production [time series]

12.27 billion kWh (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 85

Exchange rates [time series]

litai (LTL) per US dollar - 2.6637 (2010) 2.4787 (2009) 2.3251 (2008) 2.5362 (2007) 2.7498 (2006)

Exports [time series]

$20.82 billion (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 69 $16.48 billion (2009 est.)

Exports - commodities [time series]

mineral products 22%, machinery and equipment 10%, chemicals 9%, textiles 7%, foodstuffs 7%, plastics 7%

Exports - partners [time series]

Russia 15.7%, Germany 10.1%, Latvia 9.8%, Poland 7.9%, Netherlands 5.7%, Belarus 5.2%, Estonia 5.2%, UK 5% (2010)

GDP (official exchange rate) [time series]

$36.36 billion (2010 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) (GDP (purchasing power parity)) [time series]

$56.59 billion (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 89 $55.84 billion (2009 est.) $65.5 billion (2008 est.) note: data are in 2010 US dollars

GDP - composition, by sector of origin (GDP - composition by sector) [time series]

agriculture: 3.4% industry: 27.9% services: 68.7% (2010 est.)

Real GDP per capita (GDP - per capita (PPP)) [time series]

$16,000 (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 70 $15,700 (2009 est.) $18,400 (2008 est.) note: data are in 2010 US dollars

Real GDP growth rate (GDP - real growth rate) [time series]

1.3% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 165 -14.7% (2009 est.) 2.9% (2008 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share [time series]

lowest 10%: 2.6% highest 10%: 29.1% (2008)

Imports [time series]

$22.38 billion (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 67 $17.64 billion (2009 est.)

Imports - commodities [time series]

mineral products, machinery and equipment, transport equipment, chemicals, textiles and clothing, metals

Imports - partners [time series]

Russia 32.9%, Germany 11%, Poland 8.9%, Latvia 6.3%, Netherlands 4.4% (2010)

Industrial production growth rate [time series]

6.5% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 65

Industries [time series]

metal-cutting machine tools, electric motors, television sets, refrigerators and freezers, petroleum refining, shipbuilding (small ships), furniture making, textiles, food processing, fertilizers, agricultural machinery, optical equipment, electronic components, computers, amber jewelry

Inflation rate (consumer prices) [time series]

1.3% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 39 4.5% (2009 est.)

Investment (gross fixed) [time series]

16.1% of GDP (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 157

Labor force [time series]

1.635 million (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 127

Labor force - by occupation [time series]

agriculture: 14% industry: 29.1% services: 56.9% (2005)

Market value of publicly traded shares [time series]

$5.661 billion (31 December 2010) country comparison to the world: 83 $4.477 billion (31 December 2009) $3.625 billion (31 December 2008)

Natural gas - consumption [time series]

2.7 billion cu m (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 76

Natural gas - exports [time series]

0 cu m (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 131

Natural gas - imports [time series]

2.7 billion cu m (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 41

Natural gas - production [time series]

0 cu m (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 206

Natural gas - proved reserves [time series]

0 cu m (1 January 2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 156

Oil - consumption [time series]

67,000 bbl/day (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 90

Oil - exports [time series]

76,510 bbl/day (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 70

Oil - imports [time series]

183,100 bbl/day (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 51

Oil - production [time series]

5,732 bbl/day (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 92

Oil - proved reserves [time series]

12 million bbl (1 January 2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 89

Population below poverty line [time series]

4% (2003)

Public debt [time series]

38.7% of GDP (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 73 29.6% of GDP (2009 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold [time series]

$6.837 billion (31 December 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 79 $6.66 billion (31 December 2009 est.)

Stock of broad money [time series]

$18.51 billion (31 December 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 85 $18.11 billion (31 December 2009 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad [time series]

$2.117 billion (31 December 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 66 $2.307 billion (31 December 2009 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment - at home [time series]

$13.61 billion (31 December 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 76 $13.99 billion (31 December 2009 est.)

Stock of domestic credit [time series]

$23.7 billion (31 December 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 74 $26.59 billion (31 December 2009 est.)

Stock of narrow money [time series]

$10.63 billion (31 December 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 73 $9.153 billion (31 December 2009 est.)

Taxes and other revenues [time series]

35.2% of GDP (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 67

Unemployment rate [time series]

17.8% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 159 13.7% (2009 est.)

Geography

Area [time series]

total: 65,300 sq km country comparison to the world: 123 land: 62,680 sq km water: 2,620 sq km

Area - comparative [time series]

slightly larger than West Virginia

Climate [time series]

transitional, between maritime and continental; wet, moderate winters and summers

Coastline [time series]

90 km

Elevation (Elevation extremes) [time series]

lowest point: Baltic Sea 0 m highest point: Aukstojas 294 m

Environment - current issues [time series]

contamination of soil and groundwater with petroleum products and chemicals at military bases

International environmental agreements (Environment - international agreements) [time series]

party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Total water withdrawal (Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)) [time series]

total: 3.33 cu km/yr (78%/15%/7%) per capita: 971 cu m/yr (2003)

Geographic coordinates [time series]

56 00 N, 24 00 E

Geography - note [time series]

fertile central plains are separated by hilly uplands that are ancient glacial deposits

Irrigated land [time series]

13.4 sq km (2008)

Land boundaries [time series]

total: 1,574 km border countries: Belarus 680 km, Latvia 576 km, Poland 91 km, Russia (Kaliningrad) 227 km

Land use [time series]

arable land: 44.81% permanent crops: 0.9% other: 54.29% (2005)

Location [time series]

Eastern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, between Latvia and Russia

Map references [time series]

Europe

Maritime claims [time series]

territorial sea: 12 nm

Natural hazards [time series]

Natural resources [time series]

peat, arable land, amber

Terrain [time series]

lowland, many scattered small lakes, fertile soil

Total renewable water resources [time series]

24.5 cu km (2005)

Government

Administrative divisions [time series]

10 counties (apskritys, singular - apskritis); Alytaus, Kauno, Klaipedos, Marijampoles, Panevezio, Siauliu, Taurages, Telsiu, Utenos, Vilniaus

Capital [time series]

name: Vilnius geographic coordinates: 54 41 N, 25 19 E time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

Constitution [time series]

adopted 25 October 1992; last amended 13 July 2004

Country name [time series]

conventional long form: Republic of Lithuania conventional short form: Lithuania local long form: Lietuvos Respublika local short form: Lietuva former: Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic

Diplomatic representation from the US [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador Anne E. DERSE embassy: Akmenu gatve 6, Vilnius, LT-03106 mailing address: American Embassy, Akmenu Gatve 6, Vilnius LT-03106 telephone: [370] (5) 266 5500 FAX: [370] (5) 266 5510

Diplomatic representation in the US [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador Zygimantas PAVILIONIS chancery: 2622 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009 telephone: [1] (202) 234-5860 FAX: [1] (202) 328-0466 consulate(s) general: Chicago, New York

Executive branch [time series]

chief of state: President Dalia GRYBAUSKAITE (since 12 July 2009) head of government: Prime Minister Andrius KUBILIUS (since 27 November 2008) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the nomination of the prime minister (For more information visit theWorld Leaders website) elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 17 May 2009 (next to be held in May 2014); prime minister appointed by the president on the approval of the Parliament election results: Dalia GRYBAUSKAITE elected president; percent of vote - Dalia GRYBAUSKAITE 69.1%, Algirdas BUTKEVICIUS 11.8%, Valentinas MAZURONIS 6.2%, others 12.9%; Andrius KUBILIUS' government approved by Parliament 83-40 with 5 abstentions

Flag (Flag description) [time series]

three equal horizontal bands of yellow (top), green, and red; yellow symbolizes golden fields, as well as the sun, light, and goodness; green represents the forests of the countryside, in addition to nature, freedom, and hope; red stands for courage and the blood spilled in defense of the homeland

Government type [time series]

parliamentary democracy

Independence [time series]

11 March 1990 (declared); 6 September 1991 (recognized by the Soviet Union); notable earlier dates: 6 July 1253 (coronation of Mindaugas, traditional founding date), 1 July 1569 (Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth created)

International law organization participation [time series]

has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

International organization participation [time series]

Australia Group, BA, BIS, CBSS, CD, CE, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NATO, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Judicial branch [time series]

Constitutional Court; Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; judges for all courts appointed by the president

Legal system [time series]

civil law system; legislative acts can be appealed to the constitutional court

Legislative branch [time series]

unicameral Parliament or Seimas (141 seats; 71 members elected by popular vote, 70 elected by proportional representation; members to serve four-year terms) elections: last held on 12 and 26 October 2008 (next to be held in October 2012) election results: percent of vote by party - TS-LKD 19.7%, TPP 15.1%, TT 12.7%, LSDP 11.7%, DP+J 9%, LRLS 5.7%, LCS 5.3%, LLRA 4.8%, LVLS 3.7%, NS 3.6%, other 8.7%; seats by faction - TS-LKD 44, LSDP 26, TPP 16, TT 15, LRLS 11, DP+J 10, LCS 8, LLRA 3, LVLS 3, NS 1, independent 4; note - seats by faction as of 25 January 2011 - TS-LKD 45, LSDP 24, TT 18, LCS and TPP 13, LRLS 13, Christian Party 10, DP 10, unaffiliated 7, vacant 1; note - TS-LKD, LRLS, LCS and TPP form the ruling coalition

National anthem(s) (National anthem) [time series]

name: "Tautiska giesme" (The National Song) lyrics/music: Vincas KUDIRKA note: adopted 1918, restored 1990; the anthem was written in 1898 while Lithuania was a part of Russia; it was banned during the Soviet occupation from 1940 to 1990

National holiday [time series]

Independence Day, 16 February (1918); note - 16 February 1918 was the date Lithuania declared its independence from Soviet Russia and established its statehood; 11 March 1990 was the date it declared its independence from the Soviet Union

National symbol(s) [time series]

mounted knight known as Vytis (the Chaser)

Political parties (Political parties and leaders) [time series]

Christian party [Gediminas VAGNORIUS]; Civil Democracy Party or PDP [Algimantas MATULEVICIUS]; Electoral Action of Lithuanian Poles or LLRA [Valdemar TOMASZEVSKI]; Homeland Union - Lithuanian Christian Democrats or TS-LKD [Andrius KUBILIUS]; Labor Party or DP [Viktor USPASKICH]; Liberal and Center Union or LCS [Gintautas BABRAVICIUS]; Liberal Movement or LS or LRLS [Eligijus MASIULIS]; Lithuanian Farmers' Union or LVLS or VLS [ Ramunas KARBAUSKIS]; Lithuanian People's Party (not yet officially established) [Kazimiera PRUNSKIENE]; National Revival or TPP [Arunas VALINSKAS]; New Union (Social Liberal) or NS [Arturas PAULAUSKAS]; Order and Justice Party or TT [Rolandas PAKSAS]; Social Democratic Party or LSDP [Algirdas BUTKEVICIUS]

Suffrage [time series]

18 years of age; universal

Introduction

Background [time series]

Lithuanian lands were united under MINDAUGAS in 1236; over the next century, through alliances and conquest, Lithuania extended its territory to include most of present-day Belarus and Ukraine. By the end of the 14th century Lithuania was the largest state in Europe. An alliance with Poland in 1386 led the two countries into a union through the person of a common ruler. In 1569, Lithuania and Poland formally united into a single dual state, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. This entity survived until 1795 when its remnants were partitioned by surrounding countries. Lithuania regained its independence following World War I but was annexed by the USSR in 1940 - an action never recognized by the US and many other countries. On 11 March 1990, Lithuania became the first of the Soviet republics to declare its independence, but Moscow did not recognize this proclamation until September of 1991 (following the abortive coup in Moscow). The last Russian troops withdrew in 1993. Lithuania subsequently restructured its economy for integration into Western European institutions; it joined both NATO and the EU in the spring of 2004.

Military

Manpower available for military service [time series]

males age 16-49: 890,074 females age 16-49: 875,780 (2010 est.)

Manpower fit for military service [time series]

males age 16-49: 669,111 females age 16-49: 724,803 (2010 est.)

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually [time series]

male: 20,425 female: 19,527 (2010 est.)

Military and security forces (Military branches) [time series]

Ground Forces, Naval Forces, Air Forces (Karines Oro Pajegos, KOP), National Defense Volunteer Forces (2010)

Military expenditures [time series]

1.2% of GDP (2007 est.) country comparison to the world: 122

Military service age and obligation [time series]

19-26 years of age for compulsory military service; 18 years of age for volunteers; 12-month conscript service obligation; male registration required at age 16 (2009)

People and Society

Age structure [time series]

0-14 years: 13.8% (male 250,146/female 236,984) 15-64 years: 69.7% (male 1,211,707/female 1,254,195) 65 years and over: 16.5% (male 201,358/female 381,157) (2011 est.)

Birth rate [time series]

9.29 births/1,000 population (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 204

Death rate [time series]

11.33 deaths/1,000 population (July 2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 35

Education expenditure (Education expenditures) [time series]

4.7% of GDP (2007) country comparison to the world: 74

Ethnic groups [time series]

Lithuanian 84%, Polish 6.1%, Russian 4.9%, Belarusian 1.1%, other or unspecified 3.9% (2009)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate [time series]

0.1% (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 138

HIV/AIDS - deaths [time series]

fewer than 100 (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 118

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS [time series]

1,200 (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 137

Health expenditure (Health expenditures) [time series]

7.8% of GDP (2009) country comparison to the world: 59

Hospital bed density [time series]

6.84 beds/1,000 population (2008) country comparison to the world: 15

Infant mortality rate [time series]

total: 6.27 deaths/1,000 live births country comparison to the world: 172 male: 7.49 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.99 deaths/1,000 live births (2011 est.)

Languages [time series]

Lithuanian (official) 82%, Russian 8%, Polish 5.6%, other and unspecified 4.4% (2001 census)

Life expectancy at birth [time series]

total population: 75.34 years country comparison to the world: 86 male: 70.48 years female: 80.48 years (2011 est.)

Literacy [time series]

definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99.6% male: 99.6% female: 99.6% (2001 census)

Major urban areas - population (Major cities - population) [time series]

VILNIUS (capital) 546,000 (2009)

Major infectious diseases [time series]

degree of risk: intermediate food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea vectorborne diseases: tickborne encephalitis (2009)

Maternal mortality ratio (Maternal mortality rate) [time series]

13 deaths/100,000 live births (2008) country comparison to the world: 138

Median age [time series]

total: 40.1 years male: 37.5 years female: 42.7 years (2011 est.)

Nationality [time series]

noun: Lithuanian(s) adjective: Lithuanian

Net migration rate [time series]

-0.72 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 146

Obesity - adult prevalence rate [time series]

19.7% (2006) country comparison to the world: 22

Physician density (Physicians density) [time series]

3.664 physicians/1,000 population (2008) country comparison to the world: 22

Population [time series]

3,535,547 (July 2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 131

Population growth rate [time series]

-0.276% (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 213

Religions [time series]

Roman Catholic 79%, Russian Orthodox 4.1%, Protestant (including Lutheran and Evangelical Christian Baptist) 1.9%, other or unspecified 5.5%, none 9.5% (2001 census)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) [time series]

total: 16 years male: 15 years female: 17 years (2008)

Sex ratio [time series]

at birth: 1.057 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.53 male(s)/female total population: 0.89 male(s)/female (2011 est.)

Total fertility rate [time series]

1.25 children born/woman (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 216

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) (Unemployment, youth ages 15-24) [time series]

total: 29.4% country comparison to the world: 16 male: 35.2% female: 21.7% (2009)

Urbanization [time series]

urban population: 67% of total population (2010) rate of urbanization: -0.5% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

Transnational Issues

Disputes - international [time series]

Lithuania and Russia committed to demarcating their boundary in 2006 in accordance with the land and maritime treaty ratified by Russia in May 2003 and by Lithuania in 1999; Lithuania operates a simplified transit regime for Russian nationals traveling from the Kaliningrad coastal exclave into Russia, while still conforming, as a EU member state having an external border with a non-EU member, to strict Schengen border rules; boundary demarcated with Latvia and Lithuania; as of January 2007, ground demarcation of the boundary with Belarus was complete and mapped with final ratification documents in preparation

Illicit drugs [time series]

transshipment and destination point for cannabis, cocaine, ecstasy, and opiates from Southwest Asia, Latin America, Western Europe, and neighboring Baltic countries; growing production of high-quality amphetamines, but limited production of cannabis, methamphetamines; susceptible to money laundering despite changes to banking legislation

Transportation

Airports [time series]

81 (2010) country comparison to the world: 68

Airports - with paved runways [time series]

total: 26 over 3,047 m: 3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 7 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 13 (2010)

Airports - with unpaved runways [time series]

total: 55 over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 51 (2010)

Merchant marine [time series]

total: 42 country comparison to the world: 75 by type: cargo 22, container 1, passenger/cargo 6, refrigerated cargo 11, roll on/roll off 2 foreign-owned: 8 (Denmark 8) registered in other countries: 29 (Antigua and Barbuda 4, Belize 2, Comoros 3, Cook Islands 2, Norway 1, Panama 4, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 10, unknown 3) (2010)

Pipelines [time series]

gas 1,695 km; refined products 114 km (2010)

Ports (Ports and terminals) [time series]

Klaipeda oil terminals: Butinge oil terminal

Railways [time series]

total: 1,767 km country comparison to the world: 76 broad gauge: 1,745 km 1.524-m gauge (122 km electrified) standard gauge: 22 km 1.435-m gauge (2010)

Roadways [time series]

total: 81,030 km country comparison to the world: 58 paved: 71,563 km (includes 309 km of expressways) unpaved: 9,467 km (2008)

Waterways [time series]

441 km (navigable year round) (2007) country comparison to the world: 87