ARCHIVE // AU // 2010

Ashmore and Cartier Islands

2010 Edition — territory

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Economy
Economic overview (Economy - overview) [time series]
no economic activity
Geography
Area [time series]
total: 5 sq km country comparison to the world: 246 land: 5 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island
Area - comparative [time series]
about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Climate [time series]
tropical
Coastline [time series]
74.1 km
Elevation (Elevation extremes) [time series]
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 3 m
Environment - current issues [time series]
illegal killing of protected wildlife by traditional Indonesian fisherman, as well as fishing by non-traditional Indonesian vessels, are ongoing problems
Geographic coordinates [time series]
12 14 S, 123 05 E
Geography - note [time series]
Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983; Cartier Island Marine Reserve established in 2000
Irrigated land [time series]
0 sq km
Land boundaries [time series]
0 km
Land use [time series]
arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (all grass and sand) (2005)
Location [time series]
Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, midway between northwestern Australia and Timor island
Map references [time series]
Oceania
Maritime claims [time series]
territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200 m depth or to the depth of exploitation
Natural hazards [time series]
surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards
Natural resources [time series]
fish
Terrain [time series]
low with sand and coral
Government
Country name [time series]
conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands
Dependency status [time series]
territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Government Attorney-General's Department
Diplomatic representation from the US [time series]
none (territory of Australia)
Diplomatic representation in the US [time series]
none (territory of Australia)
Flag (Flag description) [time series]
the flag of Australia is used
Legal system [time series]
the laws of the Commonwealth of Australia and the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia where applicable apply
Introduction
Background [time series]
These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983, it became a National Nature Reserve. Cartier Island, a former bombing range, became a marine reserve in 2000.
Military
Military - note [time series]
defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force
People
Population [time series]
no indigenous inhabitants note: Indonesian fishermen are allowed access to the lagoon and fresh water at Ashmore Reef's West Island; access to East and Middle Islands is by permit only
Transnational Issues
Disputes - international [time series]
as the closest Australian territory to Indonesia, these islands became the target of human traffickers for the landing of illegal immigrants; in 2001, the Australian government removed these islands from the Australian Migration Zone making illegal arrivals ineligible for temporary visas and entry into Australia
Transportation
Ports (Ports and terminals) [time series]
none; offshore anchorage only