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Communications

Broadcast media [time series]

1 public television station and 2 public radio stations; a few commercial radio stations operating; good reception of radio and TV broadcasts from stations in France and Spain (2008)

Internet country code [time series]

.ad

Internet users (Internet hosts) [time series]

26,773 (2010) country comparison to the world: 100

Internet users [time series]

67,100 (2009) country comparison to the world: 170

Telecommunication systems (Telephone system) [time series]

general assessment: NA domestic: modern system with microwave radio relay connections between exchanges international: country code - 376; landline circuits to France and Spain

Telephones - fixed lines (Telephones - main lines in use) [time series]

37,900 (2009) country comparison to the world: 171

Telephones - mobile cellular [time series]

64,500 (2009) country comparison to the world: 191

Economy

Agricultural products (Agriculture - products) [time series]

small quantities of rye, wheat, barley, oats, vegetables; sheep

Debt - external [time series]

$NA

Economic overview (Economy - overview) [time series]

Tourism, the mainstay of Andorra's tiny, well-to-do economy, accounts for more than 80% of GDP. An estimated 11 million tourists visit annually, attracted by Andorra's duty-free status for some products and by its summer and winter resorts. Andorra's comparative advantage eroded when the borders of neighboring France and Spain opened, providing broader availability of goods and lower tariffs. The banking sector, with its partial "tax haven" status, also contributes substantially to the economy. Agricultural production is limited - only 2% of the land is arable - and most food has to be imported. The principal livestock activity is sheep raising. Manufacturing output consists mainly of cigarettes, cigars, and furniture. Andorra is a member of the EU Customs Union and is treated as an EU member for trade in manufactured goods (no tariffs) and as a non-EU member for agricultural products.

Electricity - consumption [time series]

NA kWh

Electricity - exports [time series]

NA kWh

Electricity - imports [time series]

NA kWh; note - most electricity supplied by Spain and France; Andorra generates a small amount of hydropower

Electricity - production [time series]

NA kWh

Exchange rates [time series]

euros (EUR) per US dollar - 0.7715 (2010), 0.7179 (2009), 0.6827 (2008), 0.7306 (2007), 0.7964 (2006)

Exports [time series]

$89.5 million (2008) country comparison to the world: 195 $117.1 million (2007)

Exports - commodities [time series]

tobacco products, furniture

GDP (official exchange rate) [time series]

$NA

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) (GDP (purchasing power parity)) [time series]

$4.22 billion (2008) country comparison to the world: 166 $3.66 billion (2007) $3.588 billion (2006)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin (GDP - composition by sector) [time series]

agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%

Real GDP per capita (GDP - per capita (PPP)) [time series]

$44,900 (2008) country comparison to the world: 12 $42,500 (2007) $38,800 (2005)

Real GDP growth rate (GDP - real growth rate) [time series]

2.6% (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 136 2% (2007 est.) 3.5% (2005 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share [time series]

lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%

Imports [time series]

$1.801 billion (2008) country comparison to the world: 154 $1.789 billion (2007)

Imports - commodities [time series]

consumer goods, food, electricity

Industrial production growth rate [time series]

NA%

Industries [time series]

tourism (particularly skiing), cattle raising, timber, banking, tobacco, furniture

Inflation rate (consumer prices) [time series]

2.3% (2008) country comparison to the world: 67 3.9% (2007)

Labor force [time series]

42,220 (2008) country comparison to the world: 193

Labor force - by occupation [time series]

agriculture: 0.5% industry: 18.5% services: 81% (2008)

Population below poverty line [time series]

8% (2008)

Unemployment rate [time series]

7% (2008) country comparison to the world: 69 0% (2007)

Geography

Area [time series]

total: 468 sq km country comparison to the world: 194 land: 468 sq km water: 0 sq km

Area - comparative [time series]

2.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Climate [time series]

temperate; snowy, cold winters and warm, dry summers

Coastline [time series]

0 km (landlocked)

Elevation (Elevation extremes) [time series]

lowest point: Riu Runer 840 m highest point: Pic de Coma Pedrosa 2,946 m

Environment - current issues [time series]

deforestation; overgrazing of mountain meadows contributes to soil erosion; air pollution; wastewater treatment and solid waste disposal

International environmental agreements (Environment - international agreements) [time series]

party to: Biodiversity, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Geographic coordinates [time series]

42 30 N, 1 30 E

Geography - note [time series]

landlocked; straddles a number of important crossroads in the Pyrenees

Irrigated land [time series]

Land boundaries [time series]

total: 120.3 km border countries: France 56.6 km, Spain 63.7 km

Land use [time series]

arable land: 2.13% permanent crops: 0% other: 97.87% (2005)

Location [time series]

Southwestern Europe, between France and Spain

Map references [time series]

Europe

Maritime claims [time series]

none (landlocked)

Natural hazards [time series]

avalanches

Natural resources [time series]

hydropower, mineral water, timber, iron ore, lead

Terrain [time series]

rugged mountains dissected by narrow valleys

Government

Administrative divisions [time series]

7 parishes (parroquies, singular - parroquia); Andorra la Vella, Canillo, Encamp, Escaldes-Engordany, La Massana, Ordino, Sant Julia de Loria

Capital [time series]

name: Andorra la Vella geographic coordinates: 42 30 N, 1 31 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

Constitution [time series]

Andorra's first written constitution was drafted in 1991; approved by referendum 14 March 1993; effective 28 April 1993

Country name [time series]

conventional long form: Principality of Andorra conventional short form: Andorra local long form: Principat d'Andorra local short form: Andorra

Diplomatic representation from the US [time series]

the US does not have an embassy in Andorra; the US Ambassador to Spain is accredited to Andorra; US interests in Andorra are represented by the US Consulate General's office in Barcelona (Spain); mailing address: Paseo Reina Elisenda de Montcada, 23, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; telephone: [34] (93) 280-2227; FAX: [34] (93) 280-6175

Diplomatic representation in the US [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador Narcis CASAL Fonsdeviela chancery: 2 United Nations Plaza, 27th Floor, New York, NY 10017 telephone: [1] (212) 750-8064 FAX: [1] (212) 750-6630

Executive branch [time series]

chief of state: French Coprince Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May 2007); represented by Christian FREMONT (since September 2008) and Spanish Coprince Bishop Joan-Enric VIVES i Sicilia (since 12 May 2003); represented by Nemesi MARQUES i Oste (since 30 July 2003) head of government: Executive Council President Jaume BARTUMEU Cassany (since 5 June 2009) cabinet: Executive Council or Govern designated by the Executive Council president (For more information visit theWorld Leaders website) elections: Executive Council president elected by the General Council and formally appointed by the coprinces for a four-year term; election last held on 26 April 2009 (next to be held in April-May 2013) election results: Jaume BARTUMEU CASSANY elected executive council president; percent of General Council vote - NA

Flag (Flag description) [time series]

three vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red, with the national coat of arms centered in the yellow band; the latter band is slightly wider than the other two so that the ratio of band widths is 8:9:8; the coat of arms features a quartered shield with the emblems of (starting in the upper left and proceeding clockwise): Urgell, Foix, Bearn, and Catalonia; the motto reads VIRTUS UNITA FORTIOR (Strength United is Stronger); the flag combines the blue and red French colors with the red and yellow of Spain to show Franco-Spanish protection note: similar to the flags of Chad and Romania, which do not have a national coat of arms in the center, and the flag of Moldova, which does bear a national emblem

Government type [time series]

parliamentary democracy (since March 1993) that retains as its chiefs of state a coprincipality; the two princes are the president of France and bishop of Seu d'Urgell, Spain, who are represented in Andorra by the coprinces' representatives

Independence [time series]

1278 (formed under the joint suzerainty of the French Count of Foix and the Spanish Bishop of Seu d'Urgel)

International organization participation [time series]

CE, FAO, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IFRCS, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ITU, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, Union Latina, UNWTO, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WTO (observer)

Judicial branch [time series]

Tribunal of Judges or Tribunal de Batlles; Tribunal of the Courts or Tribunal de Corts; Supreme Court of Justice of Andorra or Tribunal Superior de Justicia d'Andorra; Supreme Council of Justice or Consell Superior de la Justicia; Constitutional Tribunal or Tribunal Constitucional

Legal system [time series]

based on French and Spanish civil codes; no judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Legislative branch [time series]

unicameral General Council of the Valleys or Consell General de las Valls (28 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote, 14 from a single national constituency and 14 to represent each of the seven parishes; to serve four-year terms) elections: last held on 26 April 2009 (next to be held in March-April 2013) election results: percent of vote by party - PS 45%, Reformist Coaliton 32%, Andorra for Change 19%, Andorran Green 4%; seats by party - PS 14, Reformist Coalition 11, Andorra for Change 3

National anthem(s) (National anthem) [time series]

name: "El Gran Carlemany" (The Great Charlemagne) lyrics/music: Joan BENLLOCH i VIVO/Enric Marfany BONS note: adopted 1921; the anthem provides a brief history of Andorra in a first person narrative

National holiday [time series]

Our Lady of Meritxell Day, 8 September (1278)

Political parties (Political parties and leaders) [time series]

Andorra for Change [Juan Eusebio NOMEN CALVET]; Greens of Andorra [Isabel LOZANO MUNOZ]; Liberal Party of Andorra or PLA [Joan GABRIEL i ESTANY] (formerly Liberal Union or UL); New Center [Vicenc MATEU] (formerly Andorran Democratic Center Party); Reformist Coalition [Joan GABRIEL i ESTANY] (includes the Liberal Party and New Center); Social Democratic Party or PS [Jaume BARTUMEU CASSANY] (formerly part of National Democratic Group or AND)

Political parties (Political pressure groups and leaders) [time series]

Suffrage [time series]

18 years of age; universal

Introduction

Background [time series]

For 715 years, from 1278 to 1993, Andorrans lived under a unique co-principality, ruled by French and Spanish leaders (from 1607 onward, the French chief of state and the Spanish bishop of Seu d'Urgell). In 1993, this feudal system was modified with the titular heads of state retained, but the government transformed into a parliamentary democracy. For decades Andorra enjoyed its status as a small refuge of fiscal and banking freedom and benefitted from Spanish and French tourists attracted to the country's duty-free shopping. The situation has changed in recent years as Andorra started to tax foreign investment and other sectors. Tourism accounts for over 80% of Andorra's gross domestic product.

Military

Manpower available for military service [time series]

males age 16-49: 22,776 (2010 est.)

Manpower fit for military service [time series]

males age 16-49: 18,338 females age 16-49: 17,395 (2010 est.)

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually [time series]

male: 396 female: 350 (2010 est.)

Military - note [time series]

defense is the responsibility of France and Spain

Military and security forces (Military branches) [time series]

no regular military forces, Police Service of Andorra (2010)

People

Age structure [time series]

0-14 years: 15.5% (male 6,710/female 6,305) 15-64 years: 72.2% (male 31,604/female 28,925) 65 years and over: 12.3% (male 5,113/female 5,231) (2010 est.)

Birth rate [time series]

10.03 births/1,000 population (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 196

Death rate [time series]

6.21 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 158

Education expenditure (Education expenditures) [time series]

3.2% of GDP (2008) country comparison to the world: 141

Ethnic groups [time series]

Spanish 43%, Andorran 33%, Portuguese 11%, French 7%, other 6% (1998)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate [time series]

HIV/AIDS - deaths [time series]

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS [time series]

Infant mortality rate [time series]

total: 3.84 deaths/1,000 live births country comparison to the world: 207 male: 3.79 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.89 deaths/1,000 live births (2010 est.)

Languages [time series]

Catalan (official), French, Castilian, Portuguese

Life expectancy at birth [time series]

total population: 82.36 years country comparison to the world: 4 male: 80.3 years female: 84.55 years (2010 est.)

Literacy [time series]

definition: NA total population: 100% male: 100% female: 100%

Median age [time series]

total: 39.9 years male: 40.2 years female: 39.6 years (2010 est.)

Nationality [time series]

noun: Andorran(s) adjective: Andorran

Net migration rate [time series]

0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 71

Population [time series]

84,525 (July 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 198

Population growth rate [time series]

0.382% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 166

Religions [time series]

Roman Catholic (predominant)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) [time series]

total: 12 years male: 11 years female: 12 years (2008)

Sex ratio [time series]

at birth: 1.066 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.09 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.99 male(s)/female total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2010 est.)

Total fertility rate [time series]

1.34 children born/woman (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 206

Urbanization [time series]

urban population: 89% of total population (2008) rate of urbanization: -0.2% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)

Transnational Issues

Disputes - international [time series]

none

Transportation

Roadways [time series]

total: 320 km (2008) country comparison to the world: 201