Internet country code [time series]

.td

Internet users (Internet hosts) [time series]

8 (2004)

Internet users [time series]

15,000 (2002)

Broadcast media (Radio broadcast stations) [time series]

AM 2, FM 4, shortwave 5 (2002)

Telecommunication systems (Telephone system) [time series]

general assessment: primitive system domestic: fair system of radiotelephone communication stations international: country code - 235; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)

Telephones - fixed lines (Telephones - main lines in use) [time series]

11,800 (2002)

Telephones - mobile cellular [time series]

65,000 (2003)

Broadcast media (Television broadcast stations) [time series]

1 (2002)

Agricultural products (Agriculture - products) [time series]

cotton, sorghum, millet, peanuts, rice, potatoes, manioc (tapioca); cattle, sheep, goats, camels

Budget [time series]

revenues: $1.131 billion expenditures: $957.7 million, including capital expenditures of $146 million (2004 est.)

Exchange rates (Currency (code)) [time series]

Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note - responsible authority is the Bank of the Central African States

Current account balance [time series]

$330.2 million (2004 est.)

Debt - external [time series]

$1.1 billion (2000 est.)

Economic aid (Economic aid - recipient) [time series]

$238.3 million received; note - $125 million committed by Taiwan (August 1997); $30 million committed by African Development Bank; ODA $150 million (2001 est.)

Economic overview (Economy - overview) [time series]

Chad's primarily agricultural economy will continue to be boosted by major oilfield and pipeline projects that began in 2000. Over 80% of Chad's population relies on subsistence farming and livestock raising for its livelihood. Cotton, cattle, and gum arabic provide the bulk of Chad's export earnings; Chad began to export oil in 2004. Chad's economy has long been handicapped by its landlocked position, high energy costs, and a history of instability. Chad relies on foreign assistance and foreign capital for most public and private sector investment projects. A consortium led by two US companies has been investing $3.7 billion to develop oil reserves estimated at 1 billion barrels in southern Chad. Oil production came on stream in late 2003.

Electricity - consumption [time series]

89.4 million kWh (2002)

Electricity - exports [time series]

0 kWh (2002)

Electricity - imports [time series]

0 kWh (2002)

Electricity - production [time series]

96.13 million kWh (2002)

Exchange rates [time series]

Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XAF) per US dollar - 528.29 (2004), 581.2 (2003), 696.99 (2002), 733.04 (2001), 711.98 (2000)

Exports [time series]

$365 million f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Exports - commodities [time series]

cotton, cattle, gum arabic

Exports - partners [time series]

US 67.8%, China 21.5%, Portugal 4.3% (2004)

Fiscal year [time series]

calendar year

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) (GDP (purchasing power parity)) [time series]

$15.66 billion (2004 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin (GDP - composition by sector) [time series]

agriculture: 22.6% industry: 35.6% services: 41.7% (2004 est.)

Real GDP per capita (GDP - per capita) [time series]

purchasing power parity - $1,600 (2004 est.)

Real GDP growth rate (GDP - real growth rate) [time series]

38% (2004 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share [time series]

lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA

Imports [time series]

$500.7 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Imports - commodities [time series]

machinery and transportation equipment, industrial goods, petroleum products, foodstuffs, textiles

Imports - partners [time series]

France 21.9%, Cameroon 16.1%, US 10.8%, Portugal 10.4%, Germany 6.4%, Belgium 4.6% (2004)

Industrial production growth rate [time series]

5% (1995)

Industries [time series]

oil, cotton textiles, meatpacking, beer brewing, natron (sodium carbonate), soap, cigarettes, construction materials

Inflation rate (consumer prices) [time series]

8% (2004 est.)

Investment (gross fixed) [time series]

24.7% of GDP (2004 est.)

Labor force [time series]

NA

Labor force - by occupation [time series]

agriculture more than 80% (subsistence farming, herding, and fishing)

Oil - consumption [time series]

1,500 bbl/day (2001 est.)

Oil - exports [time series]

NA

Oil - imports [time series]

NA

Oil - production [time series]

200,000 bbl/day (2004 est.)

Population below poverty line [time series]

80% (2001 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold [time series]

$652.7 million (2004 est.)

Unemployment rate [time series]

NA

Area [time series]

total: 1.284 million sq km land: 1,259,200 sq km water: 24,800 sq km

Area - comparative [time series]

slightly more than three times the size of California

Climate [time series]

tropical in south, desert in north

Coastline [time series]

0 km (landlocked)

Elevation (Elevation extremes) [time series]

lowest point: Djourab Depression 160 m highest point: Emi Koussi 3,415 m

Environment - current issues [time series]

inadequate supplies of potable water; improper waste disposal in rural areas contributes to soil and water pollution; desertification

International environmental agreements (Environment - international agreements) [time series]

party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping

Geographic coordinates [time series]

15 00 N, 19 00 E

Geography - note [time series]

landlocked; Lake Chad is the most significant water body in the Sahel

Irrigated land [time series]

200 sq km (1998 est.)

Land boundaries [time series]

total: 5,968 km border countries: Cameroon 1,094 km, Central African Republic 1,197 km, Libya 1,055 km, Niger 1,175 km, Nigeria 87 km, Sudan 1,360 km

Land use [time series]

arable land: 2.86% permanent crops: 0.02% other: 97.12% (2001)

Location [time series]

Central Africa, south of Libya

Map references [time series]

Africa

Maritime claims [time series]

none (landlocked)

Natural hazards [time series]

hot, dry, dusty harmattan winds occur in north; periodic droughts; locust plagues

Natural resources [time series]

petroleum, uranium, natron, kaolin, fish (Lake Chad), gold, limestone, sand and gravel, salt

Terrain [time series]

broad, arid plains in center, desert in north, mountains in northwest, lowlands in south

Administrative divisions [time series]

14 prefectures (prefectures, singular - prefecture); Batha, Biltine, Borkou-Ennedi-Tibesti, Chari-Baguirmi, Guera, Kanem, Lac, Logone Occidental, Logone Oriental, Mayo-Kebbi, Moyen-Chari, Ouaddai, Salamat, Tandjile note: instead of 14 prefectures, there may be a new administrative structure of 28 departments (departments, singular - department), and 1 city*; Assongha, Baguirmi, Bahr El Gazal, Bahr Koh, Batha Oriental, Batha Occidental, Biltine, Borkou, Dababa, Ennedi, Guera, Hadjer Lamis, Kabia, Kanem, Lac, Lac Iro, Logone Occidental, Logone Oriental, Mandoul, Mayo-Boneye, Mayo-Dallah, Monts de Lam, N'Djamena*, Ouaddai, Salamat, Sila, Tandjile Oriental, Tandjile Occidental, Tibesti

Capital [time series]

N'Djamena

Constitution [time series]

passed by referendum 31 March 1996

Country name [time series]

conventional long form: Republic of Chad conventional short form: Chad local long form: Republique du Tchad local short form: Tchad

Diplomatic representation from the US [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador Marc WALL embassy: Avenue Felix Eboue, N'Djamena mailing address: B. P. 413, N'Djamena telephone: [235] (51) 70-09 FAX: [235] (51) 56-54

Diplomatic representation in the US [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador Mahamat Adam BECHIR chancery: 2002 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20009 telephone: [1] (202) 462-4009 FAX: [1] (202) 265-1937

Executive branch [time series]

chief of state: President Lt. Gen. Idriss DEBY (since 4 December 1990) head of government: Prime Minister Pascal YOADIMNADJI (since 3 February 2005) cabinet: Council of State, members appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister elections: president elected by popular vote to serve five-year term; if no candidate receives at least 50% of the total vote, the two candidates receiving the most votes must stand for a second round of voting; last held 20 May 2001 (next to be held NA 2006); prime minister appointed by the president election results: Lt. Gen. Idriss DEBY reelected president; percent of vote - Lt. Gen. Idriss DEBY 63%, Ngarlegy YORONGAR 16%, Saleh KEBZABO 7%

Flag (Flag description) [time series]

three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red; similar to the flag of Romania; also similar to the flags of Andorra and Moldova, both of which have a national coat of arms centered in the yellow band; design was based on the flag of France

Government type [time series]

republic

Independence [time series]

11 August 1960 (from France)

International organization participation [time series]

ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, BDEAC, CEMAC, FAO, FZ, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OIC, ONUB, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNOCI, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO

Judicial branch [time series]

Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; Criminal Courts; Magistrate Courts

Legal system [time series]

based on French civil law system and Chadian customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Legislative branch [time series]

bicameral according to constitution, consists of a National Assembly (155 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) and a Senate (not yet created and size unspecified, members to serve six-year terms, one-third of membership renewable every two years) elections: National Assembly - last held 21 April 2002 (next to be held in April 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - MPS 110, RDP 12, FAR 9, RNDP 5, URD 5, UNDR 3, others 11

National holiday [time series]

Independence Day, 11 August (1960)

Political parties (Political parties and leaders) [time series]

Federation Action for the Republic or FAR [Ngarlejy YORONGAR]; National Rally for Development and Progress or RNDP [Mamadou BISSO]; National Union for Democracy and Renewal or UNDR [Saleh KEBZABO]; Patriotic Salvation Movement or MPS [Mahamat Saleh AHMAT, chairman]; Rally for Democracy and Progress or RDP [Lol Mahamat CHOUA]; Union for Renewal and Democracy or URD [Gen. Wadal Abdelkader KAMOUGUE]; Viva Rally for Development and Progress or Viva RNDP [Delwa Kassire COUMAKOYE]

Political parties (Political pressure groups and leaders) [time series]

NA

Suffrage [time series]

18 years of age; universal

Background [time series]

Chad, part of France's African holdings until 1960, endured three decades of civil warfare as well as invasions by Libya before a semblance of peace was finally restored in 1990. The government eventually suppressed or came to terms with most political-military groups, settled a territorial dispute with Libya on terms favorable to Chad, drafted a democratic constitution, and held multiparty presidential elections in 1996 and 1997. In 1998, a new rebellion broke out in northern Chad, which sporadically flares up despite two peace agreements signed in 2002 and 2003 between the government and the rebels. Despite movement toward democratic reform, power remains in the hands of an ethnic minority.

Manpower available for military service [time series]

males age 20-49: 1,559,382 (2005 est.)

Manpower fit for military service [time series]

males age 20-49: 834,695 (2005 est.)

Manpower reaching military service age annually [time series]

males: 95,228 (2005 est.)

Military and security forces (Military branches) [time series]

Chadian National Army (Armee Nationale Tchadienne, ANT), Air Force, Gendarmerie (2004)

Military expenditures - dollar figure [time series]

$101.3 million (2004)

Military expenditures (Military expenditures - percent of GDP) [time series]

2.1% (2004)

Military service age and obligation [time series]

20 years of age for conscripts, with 3-year service obligation; 18 years of age for volunteers; no minimum age restriction for volunteers with consent from a guardian (2004)

Age structure [time series]

0-14 years: 47.9% (male 2,365,277/female 2,337,388) 15-64 years: 49.4% (male 2,323,110/female 2,528,086) 65 years and over: 2.8% (male 109,535/female 163,023) (2005 est.)

Birth rate [time series]

45.98 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Death rate [time series]

16.41 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Ethnic groups [time series]

200 distinct groups; in the north and center: Arabs, Gorane (Toubou, Daza, Kreda), Zaghawa, Kanembou, Ouaddai, Baguirmi, Hadjerai, Fulbe, Kotoko, Hausa, Boulala, and Maba, most of whom are Muslim; in the south: Sara (Ngambaye, Mbaye, Goulaye), Moundang, Moussei, Massa, most of whom are Christian or animist; about 1,000 French citizens live in Chad

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate [time series]

4.8% (2003 est.)

HIV/AIDS - deaths [time series]

18,000 (2003 est.)

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS [time series]

200,000 (2003 est.)

Infant mortality rate [time series]

total: 93.82 deaths/1,000 live births male: 103.03 deaths/1,000 live births female: 84.24 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)

Languages [time series]

French (official), Arabic (official), Sara (in south), more than 120 different languages and dialects

Life expectancy at birth [time series]

total population: 47.18 years male: 45.55 years female: 48.87 years (2005 est.)

Literacy [time series]

definition: age 15 and over can read and write French or Arabic total population: 47.5% male: 56% female: 39.3% (2003 est.)

Major infectious diseases [time series]

degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: malaria water contact disease: schistosomiasis respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis (2004)

Median age [time series]

total: 16.02 years male: 15.32 years female: 16.71 years (2005 est.)

Nationality [time series]

noun: Chadian(s) adjective: Chadian

Net migration rate [time series]

-0.11 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Population [time series]

9,826,419 (July 2005 est.)

Population growth rate [time series]

2.95% (2005 est.)

Religions [time series]

Muslim 51%, Christian 35%, animist 7%, other 7%

Sex ratio [time series]

at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.67 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2005 est.)

Total fertility rate [time series]

6.32 children born/woman (2005 est.)

Disputes - international [time series]

since 2003, Janjawid armed militia and Sudanese military have driven about 200,000 Darfur region refugees into eastern Chad; Chad remains an important mediator in the Sudanese civil conflict; Chadian Aozou rebels reside in southern Libya; only Nigeria and Cameroon have heeded the Lake Chad Commission's admonition to ratify the delimitation treaty which also includes Chad and Niger

Refugees and internally displaced persons [time series]

refugees (country of origin): 200,000 (Sudan) 30,000 (Central African Republic) (2004)

Airports [time series]

50 (2004 est.)

Airports - with paved runways [time series]

total: 7 over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 3 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)

Airports - with unpaved runways [time series]

total: 44 1,524 to 2,437 m: 14 914 to 1,523 m: 20 under 914 m: 10 (2004 est.)

Roadways (Highways) [time series]

total: 33,400 km paved: 267 km unpaved: 33,133 km (1999 est.)

Pipelines [time series]

oil 205 km (2004)

Waterways [time series]

Chari and Legone rivers are navigable only in wet season (2002)