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Communications

Internet country code [time series]

.sn

Internet users (Internet hosts) [time series]

672 (2003)

Internet users [time series]

225,000 (2003)

Broadcast media (Radio broadcast stations) [time series]

AM 8, FM 20, shortwave 1 (2001)

Telecommunication systems (Telephone system) [time series]

general assessment: good system domestic: above-average urban system; microwave radio relay, coaxial cable and fiber-optic cable in trunk system international: country code - 221; 4 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)

Telephones - fixed lines (Telephones - main lines in use) [time series]

228,800 (2003)

Telephones - mobile cellular [time series]

575,900 (2003)

Broadcast media (Television broadcast stations) [time series]

1 (1997)

Economy

Agricultural products (Agriculture - products) [time series]

peanuts, millet, corn, sorghum, rice, cotton, tomatoes, green vegetables; cattle, poultry, pigs; fish

Budget [time series]

revenues: $1.304 billion expenditures: $1.367 billion, including capital expenditures of $357 million (2003 est.)

Exchange rates (Currency) [time series]

Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States

Exchange rates (Currency code) [time series]

XOF

Current account balance [time series]

$-389 million (2003)

Debt - external [time series]

$3.009 billion (2003 est.)

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income (Distribution of family income - Gini index) [time series]

41.3 (1995)

Economic aid (Economic aid - recipient) [time series]

$362.6 million (2002 est.)

Economic overview (Economy - overview) [time series]

In January 1994, Senegal undertook a bold and ambitious economic reform program with the support of the international donor community. This reform began with a 50% devaluation of Senegal's currency, the CFA franc, which was linked at a fixed rate to the French franc. Government price controls and subsidies have been steadily dismantled. After seeing its economy contract by 2.1% in 1993, Senegal made an important turnaround, thanks to the reform program, with real growth in GDP averaging 5% annually during 1995-2003. Annual inflation had been pushed down to the low single digits. As a member of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU), Senegal is working toward greater regional integration with a unified external tariff. Senegal also realized full Internet connectivity in 1996, creating a miniboom in information technology-based services. Private activity now accounts for 82% of GDP. On the negative side, Senegal faces deep-seated urban problems of chronic unemployment, trade union militancy, juvenile delinquency, and drug addiction.

Electricity - consumption [time series]

1.412 billion kWh (2001)

Electricity - exports [time series]

0 kWh (2001)

Electricity - imports [time series]

0 kWh (2001)

Electricity - production [time series]

1.518 billion kWh (2001)

Exchange rates [time series]

Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar - 581.2 (2003), 696.988 (2002), 733.039 (2001), 711.976 (2000), 615.699 (1999)

Exports [time series]

$1.23 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Exports - commodities [time series]

fish, groundnuts (peanuts), petroleum products, phosphates, cotton

Exports - partners [time series]

India 13%, France 12.2%, Mali 9.5%, Italy 8.5%, Cote d'Ivoire 5.4%, Spain 5% (2003)

Fiscal year [time series]

calendar year

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) (GDP) [time series]

purchasing power parity - $17.09 billion (2003 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin (GDP - composition by sector) [time series]

agriculture: 16.8% industry: 27.2% services: 56% (2003 est.)

Real GDP per capita (GDP - per capita) [time series]

purchasing power parity - $1,600 (2003 est.)

Real GDP growth rate (GDP - real growth rate) [time series]

5.5% (2003 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share [time series]

lowest 10%: 2.6% highest 10%: 33.5% (1995)

Imports [time series]

$1.753 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Imports - commodities [time series]

foods and beverages, capital goods, fuels

Imports - partners [time series]

France 24.9%, Nigeria 12.2%, Thailand 6.7%, Spain 4.3% (2003)

Industrial production growth rate [time series]

2.9% (2003 est.)

Industries [time series]

agricultural and fish processing, phosphate mining, fertilizer production, petroleum refining, construction materials

Inflation rate (consumer prices) [time series]

0% (2003 est.)

Investment (gross fixed) [time series]

21.3% of GDP (2003)

Labor force [time series]

4.62 million NA (2003)

Labor force - by occupation [time series]

agriculture 70%

Natural gas - consumption [time series]

50 million cu m (2001 est.)

Natural gas - exports [time series]

0 cu m (2001 est.)

Natural gas - imports [time series]

0 cu m (2001 est.)

Natural gas - production [time series]

50 million cu m (2001 est.)

Oil - consumption [time series]

31,000 bbl/day (2001 est.)

Oil - exports [time series]

NA (2001)

Oil - imports [time series]

NA (2001)

Oil - production [time series]

0 bbl/day (2001 est.)

Population below poverty line [time series]

54% (2001 est.)

Public debt [time series]

54.2% of GDP (2003)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold (Reserves of foreign exchange & gold) [time series]

$780 million (2003)

Unemployment rate [time series]

48% (urban youth 40%) (2001 est.)

Geography

Area [time series]

total: 196,190 sq km land: 192,000 sq km water: 4,190 sq km

Area - comparative [time series]

slightly smaller than South Dakota

Climate [time series]

tropical; hot, humid; rainy season (May to November) has strong southeast winds; dry season (December to April) dominated by hot, dry, harmattan wind

Coastline [time series]

531 km

Elevation (Elevation extremes) [time series]

lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed feature near Nepen Diakha 581 m

Environment - current issues [time series]

wildlife populations threatened by poaching; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification; overfishing

International environmental agreements (Environment - international agreements) [time series]

party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling

Geographic coordinates [time series]

14 00 N, 14 00 W

Geography - note [time series]

westernmost country on the African continent; The Gambia is almost an enclave within Senegal

Irrigated land [time series]

710 sq km (1998 est.)

Land boundaries [time series]

total: 2,640 km border countries: The Gambia 740 km, Guinea 330 km, Guinea-Bissau 338 km, Mali 419 km, Mauritania 813 km

Land use [time series]

arable land: 12.78% permanent crops: 0.21% other: 87.01% (2001)

Location [time series]

Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Guinea-Bissau and Mauritania

Map references [time series]

Africa

Maritime claims [time series]

territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin

Natural hazards [time series]

lowlands seasonally flooded; periodic droughts

Natural resources [time series]

fish, phosphates, iron ore

Terrain [time series]

generally low, rolling, plains rising to foothills in southeast

Government

Administrative divisions [time series]

11 regions (regions, singular - region); Dakar, Diourbel, Fatick, Kaolack, Kolda, Louga, Matam, Saint-Louis, Tambacounda, Thies, Ziguinchor

Capital [time series]

Dakar

Constitution [time series]

a new constitution was adopted 7 January 2001

Country name [time series]

conventional long form: Republic of Senegal conventional short form: Senegal local long form: Republique du Senegal local short form: Senegal

Diplomatic representation from the US [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador Richard Alan ROTH embassy: Avenue Jean XXIII at the corner of Rue Kleber, Dakar mailing address: B. P. 49, Dakar telephone: [221] 823-4296 FAX: [221] 822-2991

Diplomatic representation in the US [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador Amadou Lamine BA chancery: 2112 Wyoming Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 234-0540 FAX: [1] (202) 332-6315 consulate(s) general: New York

Executive branch [time series]

chief of state: President Abdoulaye WADE (since 1 April 2000) head of government: Prime Minister Macky SALL (since 21 April 2004) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister in consultation with the president elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term under new constitution; election last held 27 February and 19 March 2000 (next to be held 27 February 2005); prime minister appointed by the president election results: Abdoulaye WADE elected president; percent of vote in the second round of voting - Abdoulaye WADE (PDS) 58.49%, Abdou DIOUF (PS) 41.51%

Flag (Flag description) [time series]

three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), yellow, and red with a small green five-pointed star centered in the yellow band; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia

Government type [time series]

republic under multiparty democratic rule

Independence [time series]

4 April 1960 (from France); note - complete independence was achieved upon dissolution of federation with Mali on 20 August 1960

International organization participation [time series]

ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, ECOWAS, FAO, FZ, G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MIGA, MONUC, NAM, OIC, ONUB, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIK, UNMIL, UNMOVIC, UNOCI, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO

Judicial branch [time series]

Constitutional Court; Council of State; Court of Final Appeals or Cour de Cassation; Court of Appeals; note - the judicial system was reformed in 1992

Legal system [time series]

based on French civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts in Constitutional Court; the Council of State audits the government's accounting office; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Legislative branch [time series]

unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (120 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve five-year terms) note: the former National Assembly, dissolved in the spring of 2001, had 140 seats elections: last held 29 April 2001 (next to be held NA 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - SOPI Coalition 89, AFP 11, PS 10, other 10

National holiday [time series]

Independence Day, 4 April (1960)

Political parties (Political parties and leaders) [time series]

African Party for Democracy and Socialism or And Jef (also known as PADS/AJ) [Landing SAVANE, secretary general]; African Party of Independence [Majhemout DIOP]; Alliance of Forces of Progress or AFP [Moustapha NIASSE]; Democratic and Patriotic Convention or CDP (also known as Garab-Gi) [Dr. Iba Der THIAM]; Democratic League-Labor Party Movement or LD-MPT [Dr. Abdoulaye BATHILY]; Front for Socialism and Democracy or FSD [Cheikh Abdoulaye DIEYE]; Gainde Centrist Bloc or BGC [Jean-Paul DIAS]; Independence and Labor Party or PIT [Amath DANSOKHO]; National Democratic Rally or RND [Madier DIOUF]; Senegalese Democratic Party or PDS [Abdoulaye WADE]; Socialist Party or PS [Ousmane Tanor DIENG]; SOPI Coalition (a coalition led by the PDS) [Abdoulaye WADE]; Union for Democratic Renewal or URD [Djibo Leyti KA]; other small parties

Political parties (Political pressure groups and leaders) [time series]

labor; Muslim brotherhoods; students; teachers

Suffrage [time series]

18 years of age; universal

Introduction

Background [time series]

Independent from France in 1960, Senegal joined with The Gambia to form the nominal confederation of Senegambia in 1982. However, the envisaged integration of the two countries was never carried out, and the union was dissolved in 1989. Despite peace talks, a southern separatist group sporadically has clashed with government forces since 1982. Senegal has a long history of participating in international peacekeeping.

Military

Military and security forces (Military branches) [time series]

Army, Navy, Air Force, National Gendarmerie, National Police (Surete Nationale)

Military expenditures - dollar figure [time series]

$95.8 million (2003)

Military expenditures (Military expenditures - percent of GDP) [time series]

1.5% (2003)

Military manpower - availability [time series]

males age 15-49: 2,490,290 (2004 est.)

Military manpower - fit for military service [time series]

males age 15-49: 1,301,761 (2004 est.)

Military manpower - military age and obligation [time series]

18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; conscript service obligation - 2 years (2004)

Military manpower - reaching military age annually [time series]

males: 119,833 (2004 est.)

People

Age structure [time series]

0-14 years: 43.2% (male 2,368,011; female 2,325,298) 15-64 years: 53.7% (male 2,803,192; female 3,025,304) 65 years and over: 3% (male 158,881; female 171,461) (2004 est.)

Birth rate [time series]

35.72 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Death rate [time series]

10.74 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Ethnic groups [time series]

Wolof 43.3%, Pular 23.8%, Serer 14.7%, Jola 3.7%, Mandinka 3%, Soninke 1.1%, European and Lebanese 1%, other 9.4%

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate [time series]

0.8% (2003 est.)

HIV/AIDS - deaths [time series]

3,500 (2003 est.)

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS [time series]

44,000 (2003 est.)

Infant mortality rate [time series]

total: 56.53 deaths/1,000 live births male: 60.25 deaths/1,000 live births female: 52.71 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Languages [time series]

French (official), Wolof, Pulaar, Jola, Mandinka

Life expectancy at birth [time series]

total population: 56.56 years male: 54.94 years female: 58.23 years (2004 est.)

Literacy [time series]

definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 40.2% male: 50% female: 30.7% (2003 est.)

Median age [time series]

total: 18 years male: 17.4 years female: 18.5 years (2004 est.)

Nationality [time series]

noun: Senegalese (singular and plural) adjective: Senegalese

Net migration rate [time series]

0.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Population [time series]

10,852,147 (July 2004 est.)

Population growth rate [time series]

2.52% (2004 est.)

Religions [time series]

Muslim 94%, indigenous beliefs 1%, Christian 5% (mostly Roman Catholic)

Sex ratio [time series]

at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.93 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2004 est.)

Total fertility rate [time series]

4.84 children born/woman (2004 est.)

Transnational Issues

Disputes - international [time series]

The Gambia and Guinea-Bissau attempt to stem refugees, cross border raids, arms smuggling, and political instability from a separatist movement in Senegal's Casamance region

Illicit drugs [time series]

transshipment point for Southwest and Southeast Asian heroin moving to Europe and North America; illicit cultivator of cannabis

Refugees and internally displaced persons [time series]

IDPs: 17,000 (clashes between government troops and separatists in Casamance region) (2004)

Transportation

Airports [time series]

20 (2003 est.)

Airports - with paved runways [time series]

total: 9 over 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 6 914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2004 est.)

Airports - with unpaved runways [time series]

total: 11 1,524 to 2,437 m: 6 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)

Roadways (Highways) [time series]

total: 14,576 km paved: 4,271 km including 7 km of expressways unpaved: 10,305 km (2000)

Pipelines [time series]

gas 564 km (2004)

Ports (Ports and harbors) [time series]

Dakar, Kaolack, Matam, Podor, Richard Toll, Saint-Louis, Ziguinchor

Railways [time series]

total: 906 km narrow gauge: 906 km 1.000-meter gauge (2003)

Waterways [time series]

1,000 km (primarily on Senegal, Saloum, and Casamance rivers) (2003)