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Communications

Broadcast media (Radio) [time series]

broadcast stations: AM 8, FM 0, shortwave 0 radios: NA

Telecommunication systems (Telephone system) [time series]

NA telephones; above-average urban system local: NA intercity: microwave and cable international: 3 submarine cables; 1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station

Broadcast media (Television) [time series]

broadcast stations: 1 televisions: NA

Defense Forces

Military and security forces (Branches) [time series]

Army, Navy, Air Force, National Gendarmerie, National Police (Surete Nationale)

Military expenditures (Defense expenditures) [time series]

exchange rate conversion - $134 million, 2.1% of GDP (1993) SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO Note--Serbia and Montenegro have asserted the formation of a joint independent state, but this entity has not been formally recognized as a state by the US; the US view is that the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) has dissolved and that none of the successor republics represents its continuation

Manpower availability [time series]

males age 15-49 2,021,019; males fit for military service 1,054,855; males reach military age (18) annually 96,589 (1995 est.)

Economy

Agricultural products (Agriculture) [time series]

accounts for 20% of GDP; major products - peanuts (cash crop), millet, corn, sorghum, rice, cotton, tomatoes, green vegetables; estimated two-thirds self-sufficient in food; fish catch of 354,000 metric tons in 1990

Budget [time series]

revenues: $1.2 billion expenditures: $1.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $269 million (1992 est.)

Exchange rates (Currency) [time series]

1 CFA franc (CFAF) = 100 centimes

Economic aid [time series]

recipient: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $551 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $5.23 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $589 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $295 million

Electricity [time series]

capacity: 230,000 kW production: 720 million kWh consumption per capita: 79 kWh (1993)

Exchange rates [time series]

Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 529.43 (January 1995), 555.20 (1994), 283.16 (1993), 264.69 (1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990) note: the official rate is pegged to the French franc, and beginning 12 January 1994, the CFA franc was devalued to CFAF 100 per French franc from CFAF 50 at which it had been fixed since 1948

Exports [time series]

$904 million (f.o.b., 1991 est.) commodities: fish, ground nuts (peanuts), petroleum products, phosphates, cotton partners: France, other EC countries, Cote d'Ivoire, Mali

Debt - external (External debt) [time series]

$2.9 billion (1990)

Fiscal year [time series]

calendar year

Illicit drugs [time series]

transshipment point for Southwest and Southeast Asian heroin moving to Europe and North America

Imports [time series]

$1.2 billion (c.i.f., 1991 est.) commodities: foods and beverages, consumer goods, capital goods, petroleum partners: France, other EC countries, Nigeria, Cote d'Ivoire, Algeria, China, Japan

Industrial production growth rate (Industrial production) [time series]

growth rate 1.9% (1991); accounts for 15% of GDP

Industries [time series]

agricultural and fish processing, phosphate mining, petroleum refining, building materials

Inflation rate (consumer prices) [time series]

-1.8% (1991 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) (National product) [time series]

GDP - purchasing power parity - $12.3 billion (1993 est.)

Real GDP per capita (National product per capita) [time series]

$1,450 (1993 est.)

Real GDP growth rate (National product real growth rate) [time series]

-2% (1993 est.)

Economic overview (Overview) [time series]

In 1994 Senegal embarked on its most concerted structural adjustment effort yet to exploit the 50% devaluation of the currencies of the 14 Francophone African nations on 12 January. After years of foot-dragging, the government finally passed a liberalized labor code which should significantly help lower the cost of labor and improve the manufacturing sector's competitiveness. Inroads also have been made in closing tax loopholes and eliminating monopoly power in several sectors. At the same time the government is holding the line on current fiscal expenditure under the watchful eyes of international organizations on which it depends for substantial support. A bumper peanut crop - Senegal's main source of foreign exchange - coincided with an improvement of international prices and probably resulted in a doubling of earnings in 1994 over 1993. The country's narrow resource base, environmental degradation, and untamed population growth will continue to hold back growth in living standards over the medium term.

Unemployment rate [time series]

NA%

Geography

Area [time series]

total area: 196,190 sq km land area: 192,000 sq km comparative area: slightly smaller than South Dakota

Climate [time series]

tropical; hot, humid; rainy season (December to April) has strong southeast winds; dry season (May to November) dominated by hot, dry harmattan wind

Coastline [time series]

531 km

Environment - current issues (Environment) [time series]

current issues: wildlife populations threatened by poaching; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification; overfishing natural hazards: lowlands seasonally flooded; periodic droughts international agreements: party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands, Whaling; signed, but not ratified - Desertification, Marine Dumping

Disputes - international (International disputes) [time series]

short section of the boundary with The Gambia is indefinite; boundary with Mauritania in dispute;

Irrigated land [time series]

1,800 sq km (1989 est.)

Land boundaries [time series]

total 2,640 km, The Gambia 740 km, Guinea 330 km, Guinea-Bissau 338 km, Mali 419 km, Mauritania 813 km

Land use [time series]

arable land: 27% permanent crops: 0% meadows and pastures: 30% forest and woodland: 31% other: 12%

Location [time series]

Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Guinea-Bissau and Mauritania

Map references [time series]

Africa

Maritime claims [time series]

contiguous zone: 24 nm continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin exclusive economic zone: 200 nm territorial sea: 12 nm

Natural resources [time series]

fish, phosphates, iron ore

Note [time series]

The Gambia is almost an enclave of Senegal

Terrain [time series]

generally low, rolling, plains rising to foothills in southeast

Government

Administrative divisions [time series]

10 regions (regions, singular - region); Dakar, Diourbel, Fatick, Kaolack, Kolda, Louga, Saint-Louis, Tambacounda, Thies, Ziguinchor

Capital [time series]

Dakar

Constitution [time series]

3 March 1963, revised 1991

Digraph [time series]

Diplomatic representation in the US (Diplomatic representation in US) [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador Mamadou Mansour SECK chancery: 2112 Wyoming Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 234-0540, 0541

Executive branch [time series]

chief of state: President Abdou DIOUF (since 1 January 1981); election last held 21 February 1993 (next to be held NA February 2000); results - Abdou DIOUF (PS) 58.4%, Abdoulaye WADE (PDS) 32.03%, other 9.57% head of government: Prime Minister Habib THIAM (since 7 April 1991) cabinet: Council of Ministers; appointed by the prime minister in consultation with the president

Diplomatic representation in the US (FAX) [time series]

[221] 22 29 91

Flag [time series]

three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), yellow, and red with a small green five-pointed star centered in the yellow band; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia

Independence [time series]

20 August 1960 (from France; The Gambia and Senegal signed an agreement on 12 December 1981 that called for the creation of a loose confederation to be known as Senegambia, but the agreement was dissolved on 30 September 1989)

Judicial branch [time series]

Supreme Court (Cour Supreme)

Legal system [time series]

based on French civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts in Supreme Court, which also audits the government's accounting office; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Legislative branch [time series]

unicameral

International organization participation (Member of) [time series]

ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, CEAO, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, FZ, G-15, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, NAM, OAU, OIC, PCA, UN, UNAMIR, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMIH, UNOMUR, UPU, WADB, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Country name (Names) [time series]

conventional long form: Republic of Senegal conventional short form: Senegal local long form: Republique du Senegal local short form: Senegal

Legislative branch (National Assembly (Assemblee Nationale)) [time series]

elections last held 9 May 1993 (next to be held NA May 1998); results - PS 70%, PDS 23%, other 7%; seats - (120 total) PS 84, PDS 27, LD-MPT 3, Let Us Unite Senegal 3, PIT 2, UDS-R 1

National holiday [time series]

Independence Day, 4 April (1960)

Political parties (Other political or pressure groups) [time series]

students; teachers; labor; Muslim Brotherhoods

Political parties (Political parties and leaders) [time series]

Socialist Party (PS), President Abdou DIOUF; Senegalese Democratic Party (PDS), Abdoulaye WADE; Democratic League-Labor Party Movement (LD-MPT), Dr. Abdoulaye BATHILY; Independent Labor Party (PIT), Amath DANSOKHO; Senegalese Democratic Union-Renewal (UDS-R), Mamadou Puritain FALL; Let Us Unite Senegal (coalition of African Party for Democracy and Socialism and National Democratic Rally); other small uninfluential parties

Suffrage [time series]

18 years of age; universal

Government type (Type) [time series]

republic under multiparty democratic rule

Diplomatic representation from the US (US diplomatic representation) [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador Mark JOHNSON embassy: Avenue Jean XXIII at the corner of Avenue Kleber, Dakar mailing address: B. P. 49, Dakar telephone: [221] 23 42 96, 23 34 24

People

Age structure [time series]

0-14 years: 45% (female 2,004,514; male 2,021,251) 15-64 years: 52% (female 2,398,609; male 2,301,236) 65 years and over: 3% (female 140,128; male 141,342) (July 1995 est.)

Birth rate [time series]

42.87 births/1,000 population (1995 est.)

Death rate [time series]

11.64 deaths/1,000 population (1995 est.)

Ethnic groups (Ethnic divisions) [time series]

Wolof 36%, Fulani 17%, Serer 17%, Toucouleur 9%, Diola 9%, Mandingo 9%, European and Lebanese 1%, other 2%

Infant mortality rate [time series]

73.6 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.)

Labor force [time series]

2.509 million (77% are engaged in subsistence farming; 175,000 wage earners) by occupation: private sector 40%, government and parapublic 60%

Languages [time series]

French (official), Wolof, Pulaar, Diola, Mandingo

Life expectancy at birth [time series]

total population: 57.16 years male: 55.65 years female: 58.71 years (1995 est.)

Literacy [time series]

age 15 and over can read and write (1988) total population: 27% male: 37% female: 18%

Nationality [time series]

noun: Senegalese (singular and plural) adjective: Senegalese

Net migration rate [time series]

NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (1995 est.)

Population [time series]

9,007,080 (July 1995 est.)

Population growth rate [time series]

3.12% (1995 est.)

Religions [time series]

Muslim 92%, indigenous beliefs 6%, Christian 2% (mostly Roman Catholic)

Total fertility rate [time series]

6.03 children born/woman (1995 est.)

Transportation

Airports [time series]

total: 24 with paved runways over 3,047 m: 1 with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m: 9 with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 1 with paved runways under 914 m: 2 with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m: 4 with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 7

Roadways (Highways) [time series]

total: 14,007 km paved: 3,777 km unpaved: crushed stone, improved earth 10,230 km

Waterways (Inland waterways) [time series]

897 km total; 785 km on the Senegal, 112 km on the Saloum

Merchant marine [time series]

total: 1 bulk ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,995 GRT/3,775 DWT

Ports [time series]

Dakar, Kaolack, Matam, Podor, Richard-Toll, Saint-Louis, Ziguinchor

Railways (Railroads) [time series]

total: 905 km narrow gauge: 905 km 1.000-meter gauge (70 km double track)