Zimbabwe

Chart of Limits of Seas and Oceans, revised January 1958, published by the Aeronautical Chart and Information Center (ACIC), United States Air Force; note--ACIC is now part of the National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA)

United Nations System Transcriber's note: this appeared to be an empty appendix, possibly under development. It does not appear in later editions of the Factbook.

Selected International Environmental Agreements Air Pollution see Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides see Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution Concerning the Control of Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides or Their Transboundary Fluxes Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants see Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on Persistent Organic Pollutants Air Pollution-Sulphur 85 see Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on the Reduction of Sulphur Emissions or Their Transboundary Fluxes by at least 30% Air Pollution-Sulphur 94 see Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on Further Reduction of Sulphur Emissions Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds see Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution Concerning the Control of Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds or Their Transboundary Fluxes Antarctic-Environmental Protocol see Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty Antarctic Treaty opened for signature--1 December 1959 entered into force--23 June 1961 objective--to ensure that Antarctica is used for peaceful purposes, such as, for international cooperation in scientific research, and that it does not become the scene or object of international discord parties--(43) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Cuba, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Hungary, India, Italy, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, UK, US, Uruguay Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal note--abbreviated as Hazardous Wastes opened for signature--22 March 1989 entered into force--5 May 1992 objective--to reduce transboundary movements of wastes subject to the Convention to a minimum consistent with the environmentally sound and efficient management of such wastes; to minimize the amount and toxicity of wastes generated and ensure their environmentally sound management as closely as possible to the source of generation; and to assist LDCs in environmentally sound management of the hazardous and other wastes they generate parties--(123) Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burundi, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominica, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia, EU, Finland, France, The Gambia, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lebanon, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, UAE, UK, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia countries that have signed, but not yet ratified--(3) Afghanistan, Haiti, US Biodiversity see Convention on Biological Diversity Convention on Biological Diversity note--abbreviated as Biodiversity opened for signature--5 June 1992 entered into force--29 December 1993 objective--to develop national strategies for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity parties--(175) Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, EU, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UK, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe countries that have signed, but not yet ratified--(12) Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Kuwait, Liberia, Libya, Malta, Sao Tome and Principe, Thailand, Tuvalu, UAE, US, former Yugoslavia Climate Change see United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol see Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Convention on Fishing and Conservation of Living Resources of the High Seas note--abbreviated as Marine Life Conservation opened for signature--29 April 1958 entered into force--20 March 1966 objective--to solve through international cooperation the problems involved in the conservation of living resources of the high seas, considering that because of the development of modern technology some of these resources are in danger of being overexploited parties--(37) Australia, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Colombia, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Fiji, Finland, France, Haiti, Jamaica, Kenya, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mauritius, Mexico, Netherlands, Nigeria, Portugal, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Spain, Switzerland, Thailand, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Uganda, UK, US, Venezuela, former Yugoslavia countries that have signed, but not yet ratified--(21) Afghanistan, Argentina, Bolivia, Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ghana, Iceland, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Lebanon, Liberia, Nepal, NZ, Pakistan, Panama, Sri Lanka, Tunisia, Uruguay Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution note--abbreviated as Air Pollution opened for signature--13 November 1979 entered into force--16 March 1983 objective--to protect the human environment against air pollution and to gradually reduce and prevent air pollution, including long-range transboundary air pollution parties--(44) Armenia, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, EU, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, UK, US, former Yugoslavia countries that have signed, but not yet ratified--(2) Holy See, San Marino Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES) note--abbreviated as Endangered Species opened for signature--3 March 1973 entered into force--1 July 1975 objective--to protect certain endangered species from overexploitation by means of a system of import/export permits parties--(137) Afghanistan, Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea- Bissau, Guyana, Honduras, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Latvia, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Tuvalu, Uganda, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia, Zimbabwe countries that have signed, but not yet ratified--(3) Ireland, Kuwait, Lesotho Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping Wastes and Other Matter (London Convention) note--abbreviated as Marine Dumping opened for signature--29 December 1972 entered into force--30 August 1975 objective--to control pollution of the sea by dumping and to encourage regional agreements supplementary to the Convention parties--(75) Afghanistan, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Canada, Cape Verde, Chile, China, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Egypt, Finland, France, Gabon, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Iran, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Libya, Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, Monaco, Morocco, Nauru, Netherlands, NZ, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Saint Lucia, Seychelles, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Spain, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Tonga, Tunisia, Tuvalu, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, former Yugoslavia Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques note--abbreviated as Environmental Modification opened for signature--10 December 1976 entered into force--5 October 1978 objective--to prohibit the military or other hostile use of environmental modification techniques in order to further world peace and trust among nations parties--(64) Afghanistan, Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Cape Verde, Chile, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominica, Egypt, Finland, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Hungary, India, Ireland, Italy, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Malawi, Mauritius, Mongolia, Netherlands, NZ, Niger, Norway, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Poland, Romania, Russia, Saint Lucia, Sao Tome and Principe, Slovakia, Solomon Islands, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Tunisia, Ukraine, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Yemen countries that have signed, but not yet ratified--(17) Bolivia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Holy See, Iceland, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Liberia, Luxembourg, Morocco, Nicaragua, Portugal, Sierra Leone, Syria, Turkey, Uganda Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat (Ramsar) note--abbreviated as Wetlands opened for signature--2 February 1971 entered into force--21 December 1975 objective--to stem the progressive encroachment on and loss of wetlands now and in the future, recognizing the fundamental ecological functions of wetlands and their economic, cultural, scientific, and recreational value parties--(101) Albania, Algeria, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Canada, Chad, Chile, China, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, Estonia, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, South Korea, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Malawi, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mexico, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Namibia, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Senegal, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Vietnam, former Yugoslavia, Zambia Desertification see United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa Endangered Species see Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES) Environmental Modification see Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques Hazardous Wastes see Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling note--abbreviated as Whaling opened for signature--2 December 1946 entered into force--10 November 1948 objective--to protect all species of whales from overhunting; to establish a system of international regulation for the whale fisheries to ensure proper conservation and development of whale stocks; and to safeguard for future generations the great natural resources represented by whale stocks parties--(51) Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belize, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Costa Rica, Denmark, Dominica, Ecuador, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Grenada, Iceland, India, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, South Korea, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Oman, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Senegal, Seychelles, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1983 note--abbreviated as Tropical Timber 83 opened for signature--18 November 1983 entered into force--1 April 1985; this agreement expired when the International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1994, went into force objective--to provide an effective framework for cooperation between tropical timber producers and consumers and to encourage the development of national policies aimed at sustainable utilization and conservation of tropical forests and their genetic resources parties--(54) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Burma, Cameroon, Canada, China, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, EU, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guyana, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Liberia, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Portugal, Russia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, UK, US, Venezuela International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1994 note--abbreviated as Tropical Timber 94 opened for signature--26 January 1994 entered into force--1 January 1997 objective--to ensure that by the year 2000 exports of tropical timber originate from sustainably managed sources; to establish a fund to assist tropical timber producers in obtaining the resources necessary to reach this objective parties--(54) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Burma, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, China, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, EU, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guyana, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Liberia, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Spain, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, UK, US, Venezuela countries that have signed, but not yet ratified--(2) Ireland, Portugal Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change note--abbreviated as Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol opened for signature--16 March 1998, but not yet in force objective--to further reduce greenhouse gas emissions by enhancing the national programs of developed countries aimed at this goal and by establishing percentage reduction targets for the developed countries parties--(7) Antigua and Barbuda, El Salvador, Fiji, Maldives, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago, Tuvalu countries that have signed, but not yet ratified--(72) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, China, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Estonia, EU, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Honduras, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Monaco, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Niue, Norway, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Seychelles, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkmenistan, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Zambia Law of the Sea see United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOS) Marine Dumping see Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping Wastes and Other Matter (London Convention) Marine Life Conservation see Convention on Fishing and Conservation of Living Resources of the High Seas Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer note--abbreviated as Ozone Layer Protection opened for signature--16 September 1987 entered into force--1 January 1989 objective--to protect the ozone layer by controlling emissions of substances that deplete it parties--(168) Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia, Ethiopia, EU, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal (Portugal has also extended the protocol to Macau), Qatar, Romania, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, former Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zimbabwe Nuclear Test Ban see Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapons Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space, and Under Water Ozone Layer Protection see Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer Protocol of 1978 Relating to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution From Ships, 1973 (MARPOL) note--abbreviated as Ship Pollution opened for signature--17 February 1978 entered into force--2 October 1983 objective--to preserve the marine environment through the complete elimination of pollution by oil and other harmful substances and the minimization of accidental discharge of such substances parties--(100) Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burma, Cambodia, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Ecuador, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Latvia, Lebanon, Liberia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Morocco, Netherlands, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Senegal, Seychelles, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Togo, Tonga, Tunisia, Turkey, Tuvalu, Ukraine, UK, US, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, former Yugoslavia Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty note--abbreviated as Antarctic-Environmental Protocol opened for signature--4 October 1991 entered into force--14 January 1998 objective--to enhance the protection of the Antarctic environment and dependent and associated ecosystems parties--(28) Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Chile, China, Ecuador, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, India, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Peru, Poland, Russia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, UK, US, Uruguay countries that have signed, but not yet ratified--(15) Austria, Canada, Colombia, Cuba, Czech Republic, Denmark, Guatemala, Hungary, North Korea, Papua New Guinea, Romania, Slovakia, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution Concerning the Control of Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides or Their Transboundary Fluxes note--abbreviated as Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides opened for signature--31 October 1988 entered into force--14 February 1991 objective--to provide for the control or reduction of nitrogen oxides and their transboundary fluxes parties--(26) Austria, Belarus, Bulgaria, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, EU, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK, US countries that have signed, but not yet ratified--(2) Belgium, Poland Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution Concerning the Control of Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds or Their Transboundary Fluxes note--abbreviated as Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds opened for signature--18 November 1991 entered into force--29 September 1997 objective--to provide for the control and reduction of emissions of volatile organic compounds in order to reduce their transboundary fluxes so as to protect human health and the environment from adverse effects parties--(17) Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK countries that have signed, but not yet ratified--(7) Belgium, Canada, EU, Greece, Portugal, Ukraine, US Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on Further Reduction of Sulphur Emissions note--abbreviated as Air Pollution-Sulphur 94 opened for signature--14 June 1994 entered into force--5 August 1998 objective--to provide for a further reduction in sulfur emissions or transboundary fluxes parties--(21) Austria, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, EU, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK countries that have signed, but not yet ratified--(7) Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Hungary, Poland, Russia, Ukraine Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on Persistent Organic Pollutants note--abbreviated as Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants opened for signature--24 June 1998, but not yet in force objective--to provide for the control and reduction of emissions of persistent organic pollutants in order to reduce their transboundary fluxes so as to protect human health and the environment from adverse effects partie--(1) Canada countries that have signed, but not yet ratified--(35) Armenia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, EU, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Moldova, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK, US Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on the Reduction of Sulphur Emissions or Their Transboundary Fluxes by at Least 30% note--abbreviated as Air Pollution-Sulphur 85 opened for signature--8 July 1985 entered into force--2 September 1987 objective--to provide for a 30% reduction in sulfur emissions or transboundary fluxes by 1993 parties--(21) Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine Ship Pollution see Protocol of 1978 Relating to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution From Ships, 1973 (MARPOL) Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space, and Under Water note--abbreviated as Nuclear Test Ban opened for signature--5 August 1963 entered into force--10 October 1963 objective--to obtain an agreement on general and complete disarmament under strict international control in accordance with the objectives of the United Nations; to put an end to the armaments race and eliminate incentives for the production and testing of all kinds of weapons, including nuclear weapons parties--(122) Afghanistan, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burma, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Fiji, Finland, Gabon, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Liberia, Libya, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Samoa, San Marino, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Yemen, former Yugoslavia, Zambia countries that have signed, but not yet ratified--(12) Algeria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, China, Ethiopia, Haiti, Mali, Paraguay, Portugal, Somalia, Vietnam Tropical Timber 83 see International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1983 Tropical Timber 94 see International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1994 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOS) note--abbreviated as Law of the Sea opened for signature--10 December 1982 entered into force--16 November 1994 objective--to set up a comprehensive new legal regime for the sea and oceans; to include rules concerning environmental standards as well as enforcement provisions dealing with pollution of the marine environment parties--(130) Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burma, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Chile, China, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Djibouti, Dominica, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, EU, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea- Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Monaco, Mongolia, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Tanzania, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Uganda, UK, Uruguay, Vietnam, Yemen, former Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zimbabwe countries that have signed, but not yet ratified--(40) Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Belarus, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Colombia, Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Hungary, Iran, North Korea, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Morocco, Nicaragua, Niger, Niue, Qatar, Rwanda, Swaziland, Switzerland, Thailand, Tuvalu, Ukraine, UAE, Vanuatu United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in Those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa note--abbreviated as Desertification opened for signature--14 October 1994 entered into force--26 December 1996 objective--to combat desertification and mitigate the effects of drought through national action programs that incorporate long-term strategies supported by international cooperation and partnership arrangements parties--(148) Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, EU, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea- Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Portugal, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Togo, Tonga, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, UK, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe countries that have signed, but not yet ratified--(9) Australia, Colombia, Republic of the Congo, Croatia, Georgia, South Korea, Philippines, US, Vanuatu United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change note--abbreviated as Climate Change opened for signature--9 May 1992 entered into force--21 March 1994 objective--to achieve stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a low enough level to prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system parties--(177) Albania, Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, EU, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, former Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zimbabwe countries that have signed, but not yet ratified--(7) Afghanistan, Angola, Belarus, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Sao Tome and Principe Wetlands see Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially As Waterfowl Habitat (Ramsar) Whaling see International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling

Weights and Measures Mathematical Notation Mathematical Power Name 10^18 or 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 one quintillion 10^15 or 1,000,000,000,000,000 one quadrillion 10^12 or 1,000,000,000,000 one trillion 10^9 or 1,000,000,000 one billion 10^6 or 1,000,000 one million 10^3 or 1,000 one thousand 10^2 or 100 one hundred 10^1 or 10 ten 10^0 or 1 one 10^-1 or 0.1 one tenth 10^-2 or 0.01 one hundredth 10^-3 or 0.001 one thousandth 10^-6 or 0.000 001 one millionth 10^-9 or 0.000 000 001 one billionth 10^-12 or 0.000 000 000 001 one trillionth 10^-15 or 0.000 000 000 000 001 one quadrillionth 10^-18 or 0.000 000 000 000 000 001 one quintillionth Metric Interrelationships Prefix Symbol Length, weight, or capacity Area Volume exa E 1018 1036 1054 peta P 1015 1030 1045 tera T 1012 1024 1036 giga G 109 1018 1027 mega M 106 1012 1018 hectokilo hk 105 1010 1015 myria ma 104 108 1012 kilo k 103 106 109 hecto h 102 104 106 basic unit -- 1 meter, 1 gram, 1 liter 1 meter2 1 meter3 deci d 10-1 10-2 10-3 centi c 10-2 10-4 10-6 milli m 10-3 10-6 10-9 decimilli dm 10-4 10-8 10-12 centimilli cm 10-5 10-10 10-15 micro u 10-6 10-12 10-18 nano n 10-9 10-18 10-27 pico p 10-12 10-24 10-36 femto f 10-15 10-30 10-45 atto a 10-18 10-36 10-54 Conversion Factors To Convert From To Multiply by acres ares 40.468 564 224 acres hectares 0.404 685 642 24 acres square feet 43,560 acres square kilometers 0.004 046 856 422 4 acres square meters 4,046.856 422 4 acres square miles (statute) 0.001 562 50 acres square yards 4,840 ares square meters 100 ares square yards 119.599 barrels, US beer gallons 31 barrels, US beer liters 117.347 77 barrels, US gallons (British) 34.97 petroleum barrels, US gallons (US) 42 petroleum barrels, US liters 158.987 29 petroleum barrels, US proof gallons 40 spirits barrels, US proof liters 151.416 47 spirits bushels (US) bushels (British) 0.968 9 bushels (US) cubic feet 1.244 456 bushels (US) cubic inches 2,150.42 bushels (US) cubic meters 0.035 239 07 bushels (US) cubic yards 0.046 090 96 bushels (US) dekaliters 3.523 907 bushels (US) dry pints 64 bushels (US) dry quarts 32 bushels (US) liters 35.239 070 17 bushels (US) pecks 4 cables fathoms 120 cables meters 219.456 cables yards 240 carat milligrams 200 centimeters feet 0.032 808 40 centimeters inches 0.393 700 8 centimeters meters 0.01 centimeters yards 0.010 936 13 centimeters, cubic inches 0.061 023 744 cubic centimeters, square feet 0.001 076 39 square centimeters, square inches 0.155 000 31 square centimeters, square meters 0.000 1 square centimeters, square yards 0.000 119 599 square chains, square ares 4.046 86 surveyor's chains, square square feet 4,356 surveyor's chains, feet 66 surveyor's chains, meters 20.116 8 surveyor's chains, rods 4 surveyor's cords of wood cubic feet 128 cords of wood cubic meters 3.624 556 cords of wood cubic yards 4.740 7 cups liquid ounces (US) 8 cups liters 0.236 588 2 degrees Celsius degrees Fahrenheit multiply by 1.8 and add 32 degrees degrees Celsius subtract 32 and Fahrenheit divide by 1.8 dekaliters bushels 0.283 775 9 dekaliters cubic feet 0.353 146 7 dekaliters cubic inches 610.237 4 dekaliters dry pints 18.161 66 dekaliters dry quarts 9.080 829 8 dekaliters liters 10 dekaliters pecks 1.135 104 drams, avoirdupois ounces 0.062 55 avoirdupois drams, grains 27.344 avoirdupois drams, grams 1.771 845 2 avoirdupois drams, troy grains 60 drams, troy grams 3.887 934 6 drams, troy scruples 3 drams, troy troy ounces 0.125 drams, liquid cubic inches 0.226 (US) drams, liquid liquid drams (British) 1.041 (US) drams, liquid liquid ounces 0.125 (US) drams, liquid milliliters 3.696 69 (US) drams, liquid minims 60 (US) fathoms feet 6 fathoms meters 1.828 8 feet centimeters 30.48 feet inches 12 feet kilometers 0.000 304 8 feet meters 0.304 8 feet statute miles 0.000 189 39 feet yards 0.333 333 3 feet, cubic bushels 0.803 563 95 feet, cubic cubic decimeters 28.316 847 feet, cubic cubic inches 1,728 feet, cubic cubic meters 0.028 316 846 592 feet, cubic cubic yards 0.037 037 04 feet, cubic dry pints 51.428 09 feet, cubic dry quarts 25.714 05 feet, cubic gallons 7.480 519 feet, cubic gills 239.376 6 feet, cubic liquid ounces 957.506 5 feet, cubic liquid pints 59.844 16 feet, cubic liquid quarts 29.922 08 feet, cubic liters 28.316 846 592 feet, cubic pecks 3.214 256 feet, square acres 0.000 022 956 8 feet, square square centimeters 929.030 4 feet, square square decimeters 9.290 304 feet, square square inches 144 feet, square square meters 0.092 903 04 feet, square square yards 0.111 111 1 furlongs feet 660 furlongs inches 7,920 furlongs meters 201.168 furlongs statute miles 0.125 furlongs yards 220 gallons, liquid cubic feet 0.133 680 6 (US) gallons, liquid cubic inches 231 (US) gallons, liquid cubic meters 0.003 785 411 784 (US) gallons, liquid cubic yards 0.004 951 13 (US) gallons, liquid gills (US) 32 (US) gallons, liquid liquid gallons (British) 0.832 67 (US) gallons, liquid liquid ounces 128 (US) gallons, liquid liquid pints 8 (US) gallons, liquid liquid quarts 4 (US) gallons, liquid liters 3.785 411 784 (US) gallons, liquid milliliters 3,785.411 784 (US) gallons, liquid minims 61,440 (US) gills (US) centiliters 11.829 4 gills (US) cubic feet 0.004 177 517 gills (US) cubic inches 7.218 75 gills (US) gallons 0.031 25 gills (US) gills (British) 0.832 67 gills (US) liquid ounces 4 gills (US) liquid pints 0.25 gills (US) liquid quarts 0.125 gills (US) liters 0.118 294 118 25 gills (US) milliliters 118.294 118 25 gills (US) minims 1,920 grains avoirdupois drams 0.036 571 43 grains avoirdupois ounces 0.002 285 71 grains avoirdupois pounds 0.000 142 86 grains grams 0.064 798 91 grains kilograms 0.000 064 798 91 grains milligrams 64.798 910 grains pennyweights 0.042 grains scruples 0.05 grains troy drams 0.016 6 grains troy ounces 0.002 083 33 grains troy pounds 0.000 173 61 grams avoirdupois drams 0.564 383 39 grams avoirdupois ounces 0.035 273 961 grams avoirdupois pounds 0.002 204 622 6 grams grains 15.432 361 grams kilograms 0.001 grams milligrams 1,000 grams troy ounces 0.032 150 746 6 grams troy pounds 0.002 679 23 hands (height of centimeters 10.16 horse) hands (height of inches 4 horse) hectares acres 2.471 053 8 hectares square feet 107,639.1 hectares square kilometers 0.01 hectares square meters 10,000 hectares square miles 0.003 861 02 hectares square yards 11,959.90 hundredweights, avoirdupois pounds 112 long hundredweights, kilograms 50.802 345 long hundredweights, long tons 0.05 long hundredweights, metric tons 0.050 802 345 long hundredweights, short tons 0.056 long hundredweights, avoirdupois pounds 100 short hundredweights, kilograms 45.359 237 short hundredweights, long tons 0.044 642 86 short hundredweights, metric tons 0.045 359 237 short hundredweights, short tons 0.05 short inches centimeters 2.54 inches feet 0.083 333 33 inches meters 0.025 4 inches millimeters 25.4 inches yards 0.027 777 78 inches, cubic bushels 0.000 465 025 inches, cubic cubic centimeters 16.387 064 inches, cubic cubic feet 0.000 578 703 7 inches, cubic cubic meters 0.000 016 387 064 inches, cubic cubic yards 0.000 021 433 47 inches, cubic dry pints 0.029 761 6 inches, cubic dry quarts 0.014 880 8 inches, cubic gallons 0.004 329 0 inches, cubic gills 0.138 528 1 inches, cubic liquid ounces 0.554 112 6 inches, cubic liquid pints 0.034 632 03 inches, cubic liquid quarts 0.017 316 02 inches, cubic liters 0.016 387 064 inches, cubic milliliters 16.387 064 inches, cubic minims (US) 265.974 0 inches, cubic pecks 0.001 860 10 inches, square square centimeters 6.451 600 inches, square square feet 0.006 944 44 inches, square square meters 0.000 645 16 inches, square square yards 0.000 771 605 kilograms avoirdupois drams 564.383 4 kilograms avoirdupois ounces 35.273 962 kilograms avoirdupois pounds 2.204 622 622 kilograms grains 15,432.36 kilograms grams 1,000 kilograms long tons 0.000 984 2 kilograms metric tons 0.001 kilograms short hundredweights 0.022 046 23 kilograms short tons 0.001 102 31 kilograms troy ounces 32.150 75 kilograms troy pounds 2.679 229 kilometers meters 1,000 kilometers statute miles 0.621 371 192 kilometers, acres 247.105 38 square kilometers, hectares 100 square kilometers, square meters 1,000,000 square kilometers, statute miles 0.386 102 16 square knots (nautical kilometers/hour 1.852 mi/hr) knots (nautical statute miles/hour 1.151 mi/hr) leagues, nautical kilometers 5.556 leagues, nautical nautical miles 3 leagues, statute kilometers 4.828 032 leagues, statute statute miles 3 links, square square centimeters 404.686 surveyor's links, square square inches 62.726 4 surveyor's links, surveyor's centimeters 20.116 8 links, surveyor's chains 0.01 links, surveyor's inches 7.92 liters bushels 0.028 377 59 liters cubic feet 0.035 314 67 liters cubic inches 61.023 74 liters cubic meters 0.001 liters cubic yards 0.001 307 95 liters dekaliters 0.1 liters dry pints 1.816 166 liters dry quarts 0.908 082 98 liters gallons 0.264 172 052 liters gills (US) 8.453 506 liters liquid ounces 33.814 02 liters liquid pints 2.113 376 liters liquid quarts 1.056 688 2 liters milliliters 1,000 liters pecks 0.113 510 4 meters centimeters 100 meters feet 3.280 839 895 meters inches 39.370 079 meters kilometers 0.001 meters millimeters 1,000 meters statute miles 0.000 621 371 meters yards 1.093 613 298 meters, cubic bushels 28.377 59 meters, cubic cubic feet 35.314 666 7 meters, cubic cubic inches 61,023.744 meters, cubic cubic yards 1.307 950 619 meters, cubic gallons 264.172 05 meters, cubic liters 1,000 meters, cubic pecks 113.510 4 meters, square acres 0.000 247 105 38 meters, square hectares 0.000 1 meters, square square centimeters 10,000 meters, square square feet 10.763 910 4 meters, square square inches 1,550.003 1 meters, square square yards 1.195 990 046 microns meters 0.000 001 microns inches 0.000 039 4 mils inches 0.001 mils millimeters 0.025 4 miles, nautical kilometers 1.852 0 miles, nautical statute miles 1.150 779 4 miles, statute centimeters 160,934.4 miles, statute feet 5,280 miles, statute furlongs 8 miles, statute inches 63,360 miles, statute kilometers 1.609 344 miles, statute meters 1,609.344 miles, statute rods 320 miles, statute yards 1,760 miles, square square kilometers 3.429 904 nautical miles, square square statute miles 1.325 nautical miles, square acres 640 statute miles, square hectares 258.998 811 033 6 statute miles, square sections 1 statute miles, square square kilometers 2.589 988 110 336 statute miles, square square nautical miles 0.755 miles statute miles, square square rods 102,400 statute milligrams grains 0.015 432 358 35 milliliters cubic inches 0.061 023 744 milliliters gallons 0.000 264 17 milliliters gills (US) 0.008 453 5 milliliters liquid ounces 0.033 814 02 milliliters liquid pints 0.002 113 4 milliliters liquid quarts 0.001 056 7 milliliters liters 0.001 milliliters minims 16.230 73 millimeters inches 0.039 370 078 7 minims (US) cubic inches 0.003 759 77 minims (US) gills (US) 0.000 520 83 minims (US) liquid ounces 0.002 083 33 minims (US) milliliters 0.061 611 52 minims (US) minims (British) 1.041 ounces, avoirdupois drams 16 avoirdupois ounces, avoirdupois pounds 0.062 5 avoirdupois ounces, grains 437.5 avoirdupois ounces, grams 28.349 523 125 avoirdupois ounces, kilograms 0.028 349 523 125 avoirdupois ounces, troy ounces 0.911 458 3 avoirdupois ounces, troy pounds 0.075 954 86 avoirdupois ounces, liquid cubic feet 0.001 044 38 (US) ounces, liquid centiliters 2.957 35 (US) ounces, liquid cubic inches 1.804 687 5 (US) ounces, liquid gallons 0.007 812 5 (US) ounces, liquid gills (US) 0.25 (US) ounces, liquid liquid drams 8 (US) ounces, liquid liquid ounces (British) 1.041 (US) ounces, liquid liquid pints 0.062 5 (US) ounces, liquid liquid quarts 0.031 25 (US) ounces, liquid liters 0.029 573 53 (US) ounces, liquid milliliters 29.573 529 6 (US) ounces, liquid minims 480 (US) ounces, troy avoirdupois drams 17.554 29 ounces, troy avoirdupois ounces 1.097 143 ounces, troy avoirdupois pounds 0.068 571 43 ounces, troy grains 480 ounces, troy grams 31.103 476 8 ounces, troy pennyweights 20 ounces, troy troy drams 8 ounces, troy troy pounds 0.083 333 3 paces (US) centimeters 76.2 paces (US) inches 30 pecks (US) bushels 0.25 pecks (US) cubic feet 0.311 114 pecks (US) cubic inches 537.605 pecks (US) cubic meters 0.008 809 77 pecks (US) cubic yards 0.011 522 74 pecks (US) dekaliters 0.880 976 75 pecks (US) dry pints 16 pecks (US) dry quarts 8 pecks (US) liters 8.809 767 5 pecks (US) pecks (British) 0.968 9 pennyweights grains 24 pennyweights grams 1.555 173 84 pennyweights troy ounces 0.05 pints, dry (US) bushels 0.015 625 pints, dry (US) cubic feet 0.019 444 63 pints, dry (US) cubic inches 33.600 312 5 pints, dry (US) dekaliters 0.055 061 05 pints, dry (US) dry pints (British) 0.968 9 pints, dry (US) dry quarts 0.5 pints, dry (US) liters 0.550 610 47 pints, liquid cubic feet 0.016 710 07 (US) pints, liquid cubic inches 28.875 (US) pints, liquid deciliters 4.731 76 (US) pints, liquid gallons 0.125 (US) pints, liquid gills (US) 4 (US) pints, liquid liquid ounces 16 (US) pints, liquid liquid pints (British) 0.832 67 (US) pints, liquid liquid quarts 0.5 (US) pints, liquid liters 0.473 176 473 (US) pints, liquid milliliters 473.176 473 (US) pints, liquid minims 7,680 (US) points inches 0.013 837 (typographical) points millimeters 0.351 459 8 (typographical) pounds, avoirdupois drams 256 avoirdupois pounds, avoirdupois ounces 16 avoirdupois pounds, grains 7,000 avoirdupois pounds, grams 453.592 37 avoirdupois pounds, kilograms 0.453 592 37 avoirdupois pounds, long tons 0.000 446 428 6 avoirdupois pounds, metric tons 0.000 453 592 37 avoirdupois pounds, quintals 0.004 535 92 avoirdupois pounds, short tons 0.000 5 avoirdupois pounds, troy ounces 14.583 33 avoirdupois pounds, troy pounds 1.215 278 avoirdupois pounds, troy avoirdupois drams 210.651 4 pounds, troy avoirdupois ounces 13.165 71 pounds, troy avoirdupois pounds 0.822 857 1 pounds, troy grains 5,760 pounds, troy grams 373.241 721 6 pounds, troy kilograms 0.373 241 721 6 pounds, troy pennyweights 240 pounds, troy troy ounces 12 quarts, dry (US) bushels 0.031 25 quarts, dry (US) cubic feet 0.038 889 25 quarts, dry (US) cubic inches 67.200 625 quarts, dry (US) dekaliters 0.110 122 1 quarts, dry (US) dry pints 2 quarts, dry (US) dry quarts (British) 0.968 9 quarts, dry (US) liters 1.101 221 quarts, dry (US) pecks 0.125 quarts, dry (US) pints, dry (US) 2 quarts, liquid cubic feet 0.033 420 14 (US) quarts, liquid cubic inches 57.75 (US) quarts, liquid deciliters 9.463 53 (US) quarts, liquid gallons 0.25 (US) quarts, liquid gills (US) 8 (US) quarts, liquid liquid ounces 32 (US) quarts, liquid liquid pints (US) 2 (US) quarts, liquid liquid quarts (British) 0.832 67 (US) quarts, liquid liters 0.946 352 946 (US) quarts, liquid milliliters 946.352 946 (US) quarts, liquid minims 15,360 (US) quintals avoirdupois pounds 220.462 26 quintals kilograms 100 quintals metric tons 0.1 rods feet 16.5 rods meters 5.029 2 rods yards 5.5 rods, square acres 0.006 25 rods, square square meters 25.292 85 rods, square square yards 30.25 scruples grains 20 scruples grams 1.295 978 2 scruples troy drams 0.333 sections (US) square kilometers 2.589 988 1 sections (US) square statute miles 1 spans centimeters 22.86 spans inches 9 steres cubic meters 1 steres cubic yards 1.307 95 tablespoons milliliters 14.786 76 tablespoons teaspoons 3 teaspoons milliliters 4.928 922 teaspoons tablespoons 0.333 333 ton-miles, long metric ton-kilometers 1.635 169 ton-miles, short metric ton-kilometers 1.459 972 tons, gross cubic feet of permanently enclosed 100 register space tons, gross cubic meters of permanently 2.831 684 7 register enclosed space tons, long avoirdupois ounces 35,840 (deadweight) tons, long avoirdupois pounds 2,240 (deadweight) tons, long kilograms 1,016.046 909 8 (deadweight) tons, long long hundredweights 20 (deadweight) tons, long metric tons 1.016 046 908 8 (deadweight) tons, long short hundredweights 22.4 (deadweight) tons, long short tons 1.12 (deadweight) tons, metric avoirdupois pounds 2,204.623 tons, metric kilograms 1,000 tons, metric long hundredweights 19.684 130 3 tons, metric long tons 0.984 206 5 tons, metric quintals 10 tons, metric short hundredweights 22.046 23 tons, metric short tons 1.102 311 3 tons, metric troy ounces 32,150.75 tons, net cubic feet of permanently enclosed 100 register space for cargo and passengers tons, net cubic meters of permanently 2.831 684 7 register enclosed space for cargo and passengers tons, shipping cubic feet of permanently enclosed 42 cargo space tons, shipping cubic meters of permanently 1.189 307 574 enclosed cargo space tons, short avoirdupois pounds 2,000 tons, short kilograms 907.184 74 tons, short long hundredweights 17.857 14 tons, short long tons 0.892 857 1 tons, short metric tons 0.907 184 74 tons, short short hundredweights 20 townships (US) sections 36 townships (US) square kilometers 93.239 572 townships (US) square statute miles 36 miles, square acres 640 statute miles, square hectares 258.998 811 033 6 statute miles, square square feet 27,878,400 statute miles, square square meters 2,589,988.110 336 statute miles, square square yards 3,097,600 statute yards centimeters 91.44 yards feet 3 yards inches 36 yards meters 0.914 4 yards miles 0.000 568 18 yards, cubic bushels 21.696 227 yards, cubic cubic feet 27 yards, cubic cubic inches 46,656 yards, cubic cubic meters 0.764 554 857 984 yards, cubic gallons 201.974 0 yards, cubic liters 764.554 857 984 yards, cubic pecks 86.784 91 yards, square acres 0.000 206 611 6 yards, square hectares 0.000 083 612 736 yards, square square centimeters 8,361.273 6 yards, square square feet 9 yards, square square inches 1,296 yards, square square meters 0.836 127 36 yards, square square miles 0.000 000 322 830 6

Cross-Reference List of Country Data Codes

Cross-Reference List of Country Data Codes

Cross-Reference List of Hydrographic Codes

Cross-Reference List of Geographic Names This list indicates where various geographic names--including the location of all United States Foreign Service Posts, alternate names of countries, former names, and political or geographical portions of larger entities--can be found in The World Factbook. Spellings are normally those approved by the US Board on Geographic Names (BGN). Additional information is included in brackets. Name Entry in The Latitude Longitude World Factbook (deg min)(deg min) A Abidjan [US Embassy] Cote d'Ivoire 5 19 N 4 02 W Abkhazia [region] Georgia 43 00 N 41 00 E Abu Dhabi [US Embassy] United Arab 24 28 N 54 22 E Emirates Abu Musa [island] Iran 25 52 N 55 03 E Abuja [US Embassy Branch Nigeria 9 12 N 7 11 E Office] Abyssinia Ethiopia 8 00 N 38 00 E Acapulco Mexico 16 51 N 99 55 W Accra [US Embassy] Ghana 5 33 N 0 13 W Adamstown Pitcairn Islands 25 04 S 130 05 W Adana [US Consulate] Turkey 37 01 N 35 18 E Addis Ababa [US Embassy] Ethiopia 9 02 N 38 42 E Adelie Land (Terre Antarctica 66 30 S 139 00 E Adelie) [claimed by France] Aden Yemen 12 46 N 45 01 E Aden, Gulf of Indian Ocean 12 30 N 48 00 E Admiralty Island United States 57 44 N 134 20 W (Alaska) Admiralty Islands Papua New Guinea 2 10 S 147 00 E Adriatic Sea Atlantic Ocean 42 30 N 16 00 E Aegean Islands Greece 38 00 N 25 00 E Aegean Sea Atlantic Ocean 38 30 N 25 00 E Afars and Issas, French Djibouti 11 30 N 43 00 E Territory of the (F.T.A.I.) Agalega Islands Mauritius 10 25 S 56 40 E Agana (see Hagatna) Guam 13 28 N 144 45 E Ajaccio France (Corsica) 41 55 N 8 44 E Akmola (see Astana) Kazakhstan 51 10 N 71 30 E Aland Islands Finland 60 15 N 20 00 E Alaska United States 65 00 N 153 00 W Alaska, Gulf of Pacific Ocean 58 00 N 145 00 W Aldabra Islands (Groupe Seychelles 9 25 S 46 22 E d'Aldabra) Alderney [island] Guernsey 49 43 N 2 12 W Aleutian Islands United States 52 00 N 176 00 W (Alaska) Alexander Archipelago United States 57 00 N 134 00 W (Alaska) Alexander Island Antarctica 71 00 S 70 00 W Alexandria Egypt 31 12 N 29 54 E Algiers [US Embassy] Algeria 36 47 N 2 03 E Alhucemas, Penon de Spain 35 13 N 3 53 W Alma-Ata (see Almaty) Kazakhstan 43 15 N 76 57 E Almaty [US Embassy] Kazakhstan 43 15 N 76 57 E Alofi Niue 19 01 S 169 55 E Alphonse Island Seychelles 7 01 S 52 45 E Amami Strait Pacific Ocean 28 40 N 129 30 E Amindivi Islands India 11 30 N 72 30 E Amirante Isles (Les Seychelles 6 00 S 53 10 E Amirantes) Amman [US Embassy] Jordan 31 57 N 35 56 E Amsterdam [US Consulate Netherlands 52 22 N 4 54 E General] Amsterdam Island (Ile French Southern 37 52 S 77 32 E Amsterdam) and Antarctic Lands Amundsen Sea Pacific Ocean 72 30 S 112 00 W Amur River China, Russia 52 56 N 141 10 E Anatolia [region] Turkey 39 00 N 35 00 E Andaman Islands India 12 00 N 92 45 E Andaman Sea Indian Ocean 10 00 N 95 00 E Andorra la Vella Andorra 42 30 N 1 30 E Andros [island] Greece 37 45 N 24 42 E Andros Island The Bahamas 24 26 N 77 57 W Anegada Passage Atlantic Ocean 18 30 N 63 40 W Angkor Wat [ruins] Cambodia 13 26 N 103 50 E Anglo-Egyptian Sudan Sudan 15 00 N 30 00 E Anjouan [island] Comoros 12 15 S 44 25 E Ankara [US Embassy] Turkey 39 56 N 32 52 E Annobon [island] Equatorial 1 25 S 5 36 E Guinea Antananarivo [US Madagascar 18 52 S 47 30 E Embassy] Antigua [island] Antigua and 14 34 N 90 44 W Barbuda Antipodes Islands New Zealand 49 41 S 178 43 E Antwerp [European Belgium 51 13 N 4 25 E Logistical Support Office] Aozou Strip Chad 22 00 N 18 00 E Apia [US Embassy] Samoa 13 50 S 171 44 N Aqaba, Gulf of Indian Ocean 29 00 N 34 30 E Aqmola (see Astana) Kazakhstan 51 10 N 71 30 E Arab, Shatt al [river] Iran, Iraq 29 57 N 48 34 E Arabian Sea Indian Ocean 15 00 N 65 00 E Arafura Sea Pacific Ocean 9 00 S 133 00 E Aral Sea Kazakhstan, 45 00 N 60 00 E Uzbekistan Argun River China, Russia 53 20 N 121 28 E Ascension Island Saint Helena 7 57 S 14 22 W Ashgabat [US Embassy] Kozakhstan 51 00 N 71 30 E Ashkhabad (see Ashgabat) Turkmenistan 37 57 N 58 23 E Asmara [US Embassy] Eritrea 15 20 N 38 53 E Asmera (see Asmara) Eritrea 15 20 N 38 53 E Assumption Island Seychelles 9 46 S 46 34 E Astana (Akmola) Kazakhstan 51 10 N 71 30 E Asuncion [US Embassy] Paraguay 25 16 S 57 40 W Asuncion Island Northern Mariana 19 40 N 145 24 E Islands Atacama [region] Chile 24 30 S 69 15 W Athens [US Embassy] Greece 37 59 N 23 44 E Attu Island United States 52 55 N 172 57 E Auckland [US Consulate New Zealand 36 52 S 174 46 E General] Auckland Islands New Zealand 51 00 S 166 30 E Australes, Iles (Iles French Polynesia 23 20 S 151 00 W Tubuai) Avarua Cook Islands 21 12 S 159 46 W Axel Heiberg Island Canada 79 30 N 90 00 W Azad Kashmir Pakistan 34 30 N 74 00 E Azores [islands] Portugal 38 30 N 28 00 W Azov, Sea of Atlantic Ocean 49 00 N 36 00 E B Bab el Mandeb [strait] Indian Ocean 12 40 N 43 20 E Babuyan Channel Pacific Ocean 18 44 N 121 40 E Babuyan Islands Philippines 19 10 N 121 40 E Baffin Bay Arctic Ocean 73 00 N 66 00 W Baffin Island Canada 68 00 N 70 00 W Baghdad [US Embassy Iraq 33 21 N 44 25 E temporarily suspended; US Interests Section located in Poland's embassy in Baghdad] Baki (see Baku) Azerbaijan 40 23 N 49 51 E Baku [US Embassy] Azerbaijan 40 23 N 49 51 E Baky (see Baku) Azerbaijan 40 23 N 49 51 E Balabac Strait Pacific Ocean 7 35 N 117 00 E Balearic Islands Spain 39 30 N 3 00 E Balearic Sea (Iberian Atlantic Ocean 40 30 N 2 00 E Sea) Bali [island] Indonesia 8 20 S 115 00 E Bali Sea Indian Ocean 7 45 S 115 30 E Balintang Channel Pacific Ocean 19 49 N 121 40 E Balintang Islands Philippines 19 55 N 122 10 E Balkan Peninsula Albania, Bosnia 42 00 N 23 00 E and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Romania, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovenia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Turkey (European part) Balleny Islands Antarctica 67 00 S 163 00 E Balochistan [region] Pakistan 28 00 N 63 00 E Baltic Sea Atlantic Ocean 57 00 N 19 00 E Bamako [US Embassy] Mali 12 39 N 8 00 W Banaba (Ocean Island) Kiribati 0 52 S 169 35 E Bandar Seri Begawan [US Brunei 4 52 S 114 55 E Embassy] Banda Sea Pacific Ocean 5 00 S 128 00 E Bangkok [US Embassy] Thailand 13 45 N 100 31 E Bangui [US Embassy] Central African 4 22 N 18 35 E Republic Banjul [US Embassy] The Gambia 13 28 N 16 39 W Banks Island Australia 10 12 S 142 16 E Banks Island Canada 75 15 N 121 30 W Banks Islands (Iles Vanuatu 14 00 S 167 30 E Banks) Barbuda [island] Antigua and 17 38 N 61 48 W Barbuda Barcelona [US Consulate Spain 41 23 N 2 11 E General] Barents Sea Arctic Ocean 74 00 N 36 00 E Barranquilla Colombia 10 59 N 74 48 W Bashi Channel Pacific Ocean 22 00 N 121 00 E Basilan Strait Pacific Ocean 6 49 N 122 05 E Basque Provinces Spain 43 00 N 2 30 W Bass Strait Pacific Ocean 39 20 S 145 30 E Basse-Terre Guadeloupe 16 00 N 61 44 W Basseterre Saint Kitts and 17 18 N 62 43 W Nevis Bastia France (Corsica) 42 42 N 9 27 E Basutoland Lesotho 29 30 S 28 30 E Batan Islands Philippines 20 30 N 121 50 E Bavaria (Bayern) Germany 48 30 N 11 30 E Beagle Channel Atlantic Ocean 54 53 S 68 10 W Bear Island (see Svalbard 74 26 N 19 5 E Bjornoya) Beaufort Sea Arctic Ocean 73 00 N 140 00 W Bechuanaland Botswana 22 00 S 24 00 E Beijing [US Embassy] China 39 56 N 116 24 E Beirut [US Embassy] Lebanon 33 53 N 35 30 E Belau (Palau Islands) Palau 7 30 N 134 30 E Belem [US Consular Brazil 1 27 S 48 29 W Agency] Belep Islands (Iles New Caledonia 19 45 S 163 40 E Belep) Belfast [US Consulate United Kingdom 54 35 N 5 55 W General] Belgian Congo Democratic 0 00 N 25 00 E Republic of the Congo Belgrade Serbia and 44 50 N 20 30 E Montenegro Belize City [US Embassy] Belize 17 30 N 88 12 W Belle Isle, Strait of Atlantic Ocean 51 35 N 56 30 W Bellingshausen Sea Pacific Ocean 71 00 S 85 00 W Belmopan Belize 17 15 N 88 46 W Belorussia Belarus 53 00 N 28 00 E Bengal, Bay of Indian Ocean 15 00 N 90 00 E Bering Sea Pacific Ocean 60 00 N 175 00 W Bering Island Russia 55 00 N 166 30 E Bering Strait Pacific Ocean 65 30 N 169 00 W Berkner Island Antarctica 79 30 S 49 30 W Berlin [US Branch Germany 52 31 N 13 24 E Office] Berlin, East Germany 52 30 N 13 33 E Berlin, West Germany 52 30 N 12 20 E Bern [US Embassy] Switzerland 46 57 N 7 26 E Bessarabia [region] Romania, 47 00 N 28 30 E Moldova, Ukraine Bhopal India 23 16 N 77 24 E Biafra [region] Nigeria 5 30 N 7 30 E Big Diomede Island Russia 65 46 N 169 06 W Bijagos, Arquipelago dos Guinea-Bissau 11 25 N 16 20 W Bikini Atoll Marshall Islands 11 35 N 165 23 E Bilbao Spain 43 15 N 2 58 W Bioko [island] Equatorial 3 30 N 8 42 E Guinea Biscay, Bay of Atlantic Ocean 44 00 N 4 00 W Bishkek [US Embassy] Kyrgyzstan 42 54 N 74 36 E Bishop Rock United Kingdom 49 52 N 6 27 W Bismarck Archipelago Papua New Guinea 5 00 S 150 00 E Bismarck Sea Pacific Ocean 4 00 S 148 00 E Bissau [US Embassy] Guinea-Bissau 11 51 N 15 35 W Bjornoya (Bear Island) Svalbard 74 26 N 19 5 E Black Forest Germany 48 00 N 8 15 E Black Rock South Georgia 53 39 S 41 48 W and the South Sandwich Islands Black Sea Atlantic Ocean 43 00 N 35 00 E Bloemfontein South Africa 29 12 S 26 07 E Boa Vista [island] Cape Verde 16 05 N 22 50 W Bogota [US Embassy] Colombia 4 36 N 74 05 W Bohemia [region] Czech Republic 50 00 N 14 30 E Bombay (see Mumbai) India 18 58 N 72 50 E Bonaire [island] Netherlands 12 10 N 68 15 W Antilles Bonifacio, Strait of Atlantic Ocean 41 01 N 14 00 E Bonin Islands Japan 27 00 N 140 10 E Bonn [US Embassy] Germany 50 44 N 7 05 E Bophuthatswana South Africa 26 30 S 25 30 E Bora-Bora [island] French Polynesia 16 30 S 151 45 W Bordeaux France 44 50 N 0 34 W Borneo [island] Brunei, 0 30 N 114 00 E Indonesia, Malaysia Bornholm [island] Denmark 55 10 N 15 00 E Bosnia Bosnia and 44 00 N 18 00 E Herzegovina Bosporus [strait] Atlantic Ocean 41 00 N 29 00 E Bothnia, Gulf of Atlantic Ocean 63 00 N 20 00 E Bougainville [island] Papua New Guinea 6 00 S 155 00 E Bougainville Strait Pacific Ocean 6 40 S 156 10 E Bounty Islands New Zealand 47 43 S 174 00 E Brasilia [US Embassy] Brazil 15 47 S 47 55 W Bratislava [US Embassy] Slovakia 48 09 N 17 07 E Brazzaville [US Embassy] Republic of the 4 16 S 15 17 E Congo Bridgetown [US Embassy] Barbados 13 06 N 59 37 W Brisbane Australia 27 28 S 153 02 E Britain (see Great United Kingdom 54 00 N 2 00 W Britain) British East Africa Kenya, Tanzania, 1 00 N 38 00 E Uganda British Guiana Guyana 5 00 N 59 00 W British Honduras Belize 17 15 N 88 45 W British Solomon Islands Solomon Islands 8 00 S 159 00 E British Somaliland Somalia 10 00 N 49 00 E Brussels [US Embassy, US Belgium 50 50 N 4 20 E Mission to European Union (USEU), US Mission to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (USNATO)] Bubiyan [island] Kuwait 29 47 N 48 10 E Bucharest [US Embassy] Romania 44 26 N 26 06 E Budapest [US Embassy] Hungary 47 30 N 19 05 E Buenos Aires [US Argentina 34 36 S 58 27 W Embassy] Bujumbura [US Embassy] Burundi 3 23 S 29 22 E Burnt Pine Norfolk Island 29 02 S 167 56 E Byelorussia Belarus 53 00 N 28 00 E C Cabinda [province] Angola 5 33 S 12 12 E Cabot Strait Atlantic Ocean 47 20 N 59 30 W Caicos Islands Turks and Caicos 21 56 N 71 58 W Islands Cairo [US Embassy] Egypt 30 03 N 31 15 E Calcutta [US Consulate India 22 32 N 88 22 E General] Calgary [US Consulate Canada 51 03 N 114 05 W General] California, Gulf of Pacific Ocean 28 00 N 112 00 W Campbell Island New Zealand 52 33 S 169 09 E Canal Zone Panama 9 00 N 79 45 W Canary Islands Spain 28 00 N 15 30 W Canberra [US Embassy] Australia 35 17 S 149 08 E Canton (Guangzhou) China 23 06 N 113 16 E Canton Island (Kanton Kiribati 2 49 S 171 40 W Island) Cape Town [US Consulate South Africa 33 55 S 18 22 E General] Caracas [US Embassy] Venezuela 10 30 N 66 56 W Cargados Carajos Shoals Mauritius 16 25 S 59 38 E Caroline Islands Federated States 7 30 N 148 00 E of Micronesia, Palau Caribbean Sea Atlantic Ocean 15 00 N 73 00 W Carpentaria, Gulf of Pacific Ocean 14 00 S 139 00 E Casablanca [US Consulate Morocco 33 39 N 7 35 W General] Castries Saint Lucia 14 01 N 61 00 W Catalonia [region] Spain 42 00 N 2 00 E Cato Island Australia 23 15 S 155 32 E Caucasus [region] Russia 42 00 N 45 00 E Cayenne French Guiana 4 56 N 52 20 W Cebu [US Consular Philippines 10 18 N 123 54 E Agency] Celebes [island] Indonesia 2 00 S 121 00 E Celebes Sea Pacific Ocean 3 00 N 122 00 E Celtic Sea Atlantic Ocean 51 00 N 6 30 W Central African Empire Central African 7 00 N 21 00 E Republic Ceuta Spain 35 53 N 5 19 W Ceylon Sri Lanka 7 00 N 81 00 E Chafarinas, Islas Spain 35 12 N 2 26 W Chagos Archipelago (Oil British Indian 6 00 S 71 30 E Islands) Ocean Territory Channel Islands Guernsey, Jersey 49 20 N 2 20 W Charlotte Amalie Virgin Islands 18 21 N 64 56 W Chatham Islands New Zealand 44 00 S 176 30 W Chechnya (Chechnia) Russia 43 15 N 45 40 E Cheju-do [island] Korea, South 33 20 N 126 30 E Cheju Strait Pacific Ocean 34 00 N 126 30 E Chengdu [US Consulate China 39 39 N 104 04 E General] Chennai (Madras) [US India 13 04 N 80 16 E Consulate General] Chesterfield Islands New Caledonia 19 52 S 158 15 E (Iles Chesterfield) Chiang Mai [US Consulate Thailand 18 47 N 98 59 E General] Chihli, Gulf of (see Bo Pacific Ocean 38 30 N 120 00 E Hai) China, People's Republic China 35 00 N 105 00 E of China, Republic of Taiwan 23 30 N 105 00 E Chisinau [US Embassy] Moldova 47 00 N 28 50 E Choiseul [island] Solomon Islands 7 05 S 121 00 E Christmas Island [Indian Australia 10 25 S 105 39 E Ocean] Christmas Island Kiribati 1 52 N 157 20 W (Kiritimati) [Pacific Ocean] Chukchi Sea Arctic Ocean 69 00 N 171 00 W Ciskei South Africa 33 00 S 27 00 E Ciudad Juarez [US Mexico 31 44 N 106 29 W Consulate General] Cluj-Napoca [US Branch Romania 46 47 N 23 36 E Office] Cochin China [region] Vietnam 11 00 N 107 00 E Coco, Isla del Costa Rica 5 32 N 87 04 W Cocos Islands Cocos (Keeling) 12 30 S 96 50 E Islands Colombo [US Embassy] Sri Lanka 6 56 N 79 51 E Colon, Archipielago de Ecuador 0 00 N 90 30 W (Galapagos Islands) Commander Islands Russia 55 00 N 167 00 E (Komandorskiye Ostrova) Conakry [US Embassy] Guinea 9 31 N 13 43 W Congo (Leopoldville) Democratic 15 00 S 30 00 E Republic of the Congo Con Son [Islands] Vietnam 8 43 N 106 36 E Cook Strait Pacific Ocean 41 15 S 174 30 E Copenhagen [US Embassy] Denmark 55 40 N 12 35 E Coral Sea Pacific Ocean 15 00 S 150 00 E Corfu [island] Greece 39 40 N 19 45 E Corinth Greece 37 56 N 22 56 E Corn Islands (Islas del Nicaragua 12 15 N 83 00 W Maiz) Corocoro Island Guyana, 3 38 N 66 50 W Venezuela Corsica (Corse) [island] France 42 00 N 9 00 E Corsico [island] Equatorial 0 55 N 9 19 E Guinea Cosmoledo Group (Atoll Seychelles 9 43 S 47 35 E de Cosmoledo) Cotonou [US Embassy] Benin 6 21 N 2 26 E Courantyne River Guyana, Suriname 5 57 N 57 06 W Crete [island] Greece 35 15 N 24 45 E Crimea [region] Ukraine 45 00 N 34 00 E Crimean Peninsula Ukraine 45 00 N 34 00 E Crooked Island Passage Atlantic Ocean 22 55 N 74 35 W Crozet Islands (Iles French Southern 46 30 S 51 00 E Crozet) and Antarctic Lands Curacao [US Consulate Netherlands 12 11 N 69 00 W General] Antilles Cyclades [islands] Greece 37 00 N 25 10 E Czechoslovakia Czech Republic, 49 00 N 18 00 E Slovakia D Dahomey Benin 9 30 N 2 15 E Daito Islands Japan 43 00 N 17 00 E Dakar [US Embassy] Senegal 14 40 N 17 26 W Dalmatia [region] Croatia 43 00 N 17 00 E Daman (Damao) India 20 10 N 73 00 E Damascus [US Embassy] Syria 33 30 N 36 18 E Danger Islands (see Cook Islands 10 53 S 165 49 W Pukapuka Atoll) Danish Straits Atlantic Ocean 58 00 N 11 00 E Danish West Indies Virgin Islands 18 20 N 64 50 W Danzig (Gdansk) Poland 54 23 N 18 40 E Dao Bach Long Vi Vietnam 20 08 N 107 44 E [island] Dardanelles [strait] Atlantic Ocean 40 15 N 26 25 E Dar es Salaam [US Tanzania 6 48 S 39 17 E Embassy] Davis Strait Atlantic Ocean 67 00 N 57 00 W Dead Sea Israel, Jordan, 32 30 N 35 30 E West Bank Deception Island Antarctica 62 56 S 60 34 W Denmark Strait Atlantic Ocean 67 00 N 24 00 W D'Entrecasteaux Islands Papua New Guinea 9 30 S 150 40 E Desolation Islands French Southern 49 30 S 69 30 E (Isles Kerguelen) and Antarctic Lands Devils Island (Ile du French Guiana 5 17 N 52 35 W Diable) Devon Island Canada 76 00 N 87 00 W Dhahran [US Consulate Saudi Arabia 26 18 N 50 08 E General] Dhaka [US Embassy] Bangladesh 23 43 N 90 25 E Dhofar [region] Oman 17 00 N 54 10 E Diego Garcia [island] British Indian 7 20 S 72 25 E Ocean Territory Diego Ramirez [islands] Chile 56 30 S 68 43 W Diomede Islands Russia [Big 65 47 N 169 00 W Diomede], United States [Little Diomede] Diu India 20 42 N 70 59 E Djibouti [US Embassy] Djibouti 11 30 N 43 15 E Dnieper [river] Belarus, Russia, 46 30 N 32 18 E (Dnyapro, Dnepr, Dnipro) Ukraine Dniester [river] Moldova, Ukraine 46 18 N 30 17 E (Nistru, Dnister) Dodecanese [islands] Greece 36 00 N 27 05 E Dodoma Tanzania 6 11 S 35 45 E Doha [US Embassy] Qatar 25 17 N 51 32 E Donets Basin Russia, Ukraine 48 15 N 38 30 E Douala Cameroon 4 03 N 9 42 E Douglas Man, Isle of 54 09 N 4 28 W Dover, Strait of Atlantic Ocean 51 00 N 1 30 E Drake Passage Atlantic Ocean 60 00 S 60 00 W Dubai [US Consulate United Arab 25 18 N 55 18 E General] Emirates Dubayy (see Dubai) United Arab 25 18 N 55 18 E Emirates Dublin [US Embassy] Ireland 53 20 N 6 15 W Durban [US Consulate South Africa 29 55 S 30 56 E General] Dushanbe [US Embassy] Tajikistan 38 35 N 68 48 E Dutch Antilles Netherlands 52 05 N 4 18 E Antilles Dutch East Indies Indonesia 5 00 S 120 00 E Dutch Guiana Suriname 4 00 N 56 00 W Dutch West Indies Netherlands 52 05 N 4 18 E Antilles Dzungarian Gate China, 45 25 N 82 25 E Kazakhstan E East China Sea Pacific Ocean 30 00 N 126 00 E East Frisian Islands Germany 53 44 N 7 25 E East Germany (German Germany 52 00 N 13 00 E Democratic Republic) East Korea Strait Pacific Ocean 34 00 N 129 00 E (Eastern Channel or Tsushima Strait) East Pakistan Bangladesh 24 00 N 90 00 E East Siberian Sea Arctic Ocean 74 00 N 166 00 E East Timor (Portuguese Indonesia 9 00 S 126 00 E Timor) Easter Island (Isla de Chile 27 07 S 109 22 W Pascua) Eastern Channel (East Pacific Ocean 34 00 N 129 00 E Korea Strait or Tsushima Strait) Eastern Samoa American Samoa 14 20 S 170 00 W Edinburgh [US Consulate United Kingdom 55 57 N 3 13 W General] Eire Ireland 53 00 N 8 00 W Elba [island] Italy 42 46 N 10 17 E Ellef Ringnes Island Canada 78 00 N 103 00 W Ellesmere Island Canada 81 00 N 80 00 W Ellice Islands Tuvalu 8 00 S 178 00 E Elobey, Islas de Equatorial 0 59 N 9 33 E Guinea Enderbury Island Kiribati 3 08 S 171 5 W Enewetak Atoll (Eniwetok Marshall Islands 11 30 N 162 15 E Atoll) England [region] United Kingdom 52 30 N 1 30 W English Channel Atlantic Ocean 50 20 N 1 00 W Eniwetok Atoll (see Marshall Islands 11 30 N 162 15 E Enewetak Atoll) Eolie, Isole Italy 38 30 N 15 00 E Epirus, Northern Albania, Greece 40 00 N 20 30 E Espana Spain 40 00 N 4 00 W Essequibo [region] Guyana 6 59 N 58 23 W [claimed by Venezuela] Etorofu (Iturup) Russia [de 44 55 N 147 40 E [island] facto] F Farquhar Group (Atoll de Seychelles 10 10 S 51 10 E Farquhar) Fernando de Noronha Brazil 3 51 S 32 25 W Fernando Po [island] Equatorial 3 30 N 8 42 E (see Bioko) Guinea Finland, Gulf of Atlantic Ocean 60 00 N 27 00 E Florence [US Consulate Italy 43 46 N 11 15 E General] Florida, Straits of Atlantic Ocean 25 00 N 79 45 W former Soviet Union Armenia, (FSU) Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan Formosa [island] Taiwan 23 30 N 121 00 E Formosa Strait (see Pacific Ocean 24 00 N 119 00 E Taiwan Strait) Fortaleza [US Consular Brazil 3 43 S 38 30 W Agency] Fort-de-France Martinique 14 36 N 61 05 W Frankfurt am Main [US Germany 50 07 N 8 40 E Consulate General] Franz Josef Land Russia 81 00 N 55 00 E [islands] Freetown [US Embassy] Sierra Leone 8 30 N 13 15 W French Cameroon Cameroon 6 00 N 12 00 E French Guinea Guinea 11 00 N 10 00 W French Indochina Cambodia, Laos, 15 00 N 107 00 E Vietnam French Morocco Morocco 32 00 N 5 00 W French Somaliland Djibouti 11 30 N 43 00 W French Sudan Mali 17 00 N 4 00 W French Territory of the Djibouti 11 30 N 43 00 E Afars and Issas (F.T.A.I.) French Togo Togo 8 00 N 1 10 E French West Indies Guadeloupe, 16 30 N 62 00 W Martinique Friendly Islands Tonga 20 00 S 175 00 W Frisian Islands Denmark, 53 35 N 6 40 E Germany, Netherlands Frunze (see Bishkek) Kyrgyzstan 42 54 N 74 36 E Fukuoka [US Consulate] Japan 33 35 N 130 24 E Funafuti Tuvalu 8 30 S 179 12 E Fundy, Bay of Atlantic Ocean 45 00 N 66 00 W Futuna Islands (Hoorn Wallis and 14 19 S 178 05 W Islands/Iles de Horne) Futuna G Gaborone [US Embassy] Botswana 24 45 S 25 55 E Galapagos Islands Ecuador 0 00 N 90 30 W (Archipielago de Colon) Galilee [region] Israel 32 54 N 35 20 E Galleons Passage Atlantic Ocean 11 00 N 60 55 W Gambier Islands (Iles French Polynesia 23 09 S 134 58 W Gambier) Gaspar Strait Pacific Ocean 3 00 S 107 00 E Geneva [US Consular Switzerland 46 12 N 6 10 E Agency, US Mission to European Office of the UN and Other International Organizations] Genoa Italy 44 25 N 8 57 E George Town Malaysia 5 26 N 100 16 E George Town The Bahamas 23 30 N 75 46 W George Town Cayman Islands 19 20 N 81 23 W Georgetown The Gambia 13 30 N 14 47 W Georgetown [US Embassy] Guyana 6 48 N 58 10 W German Democratic Germany 52 00 N 13 00 E Republic (East Germany) German Southwest Africa Namibia 22 00 S 17 00 E Germany, Federal Germany 51 00 N 9 00 E Republic of Gibraltar Gibraltar 36 11 N 5 22 W Gibraltar, Strait of Atlantic Ocean 35 57 N 5 36 W Gidi Pass Egypt 30 13 N 33 09 E Gilbert Islands Kiribati 1 25 N 173 00 E Goa [state] India 14 20 N 74 00 E Godthab (Nuuk) Greenland 64 11 N 51 44 W Gold Coast Ghana 8 00 N 2 00 W Golan Heights [region] Syria 33 00 N 35 45 E Good Hope, Cape of South Africa 34 24 S 18 30 E Goteborg Sweden 57 43 N 11 58 E Gotland [island] Sweden 57 30 N 18 33 E Gough Island Saint Helena 40 10 S 9 45 W Grand Banks Atlantic Ocean 47 06 N 55 48 W Grand Cayman [island] Cayman Islands 19 20 N 81 20 W Grand Turk Turks and Caicos 21 28 N 71 08 W Islands Great Australian Bight Indian Ocean 35 00 S 130 00 E Great Belt (Store Baelt) Atlantic Ocean 55 30 N 11 00 E Great Bitter Lake Egypt 30 20 N 32 23 E Great Britain [island] United Kingdom 54 00 N 2 00 W Great Channel Indian Ocean 6 25 N 94 20 E Greater Sunda Islands Brunei, 2 00 S 110 00 E Indonesia, Malaysia Green Islands Papua New Guinea 4 30 S 154 10 E Greenland Sea Arctic Ocean 79 00 N 5 00 W Grenadines, Northern Saint Vincent 13 15 N 61 12 W and the Grenadines Grenadines, Southern Grenada 12 07 N 61 40 W Grytviken South Georgia 54 15 S 36 45 W and the South Sandwich Islands Guadalajara [US Mexico 20 40 N 103 20 W Consulate General] Guadalcanal [island] Solomon Islands 9 32 S 160 12 E Guadalupe, Isla de Mexico 29 11 N 118 17 W Guangzhou [US Consulate China 23 06 N 113 16 E General] Guantanamo Bay [US Naval Cuba 20 00 N 75 08 W Base] Guatemala [US Embassy] Guatemala 14 38 N 90 31 W Guinea, Gulf of Atlantic Ocean 3 00 N 2 30 E Guayaquil [US Consulate Ecuador 2 13 S 79 54 W General] H Ha'apai Group Tonga 19 42 S 174 29 W Habomai Islands Russia [de 43 30 N 146 10 E facto] Hadhramaut [region] Yemen 15 00 N 50 00 E Hagatna (Agana) Guam 13 28 N 144 45 E Hague, The [US Embassy] Netherlands 52 05 N 4 18 E Haifa Israel 32 50 N 35 00 E Haiphong Vietnam 20 52 N 106 41 E Hainan Dao [island] China 19 00 N 109 30 E Halifax [US Consulate Canada 44 39 N 63 36 W General] Halmahera [island] Indonesia 1 00 N 128 00 E Hamburg [US Consulate Germany 53 33 N 9 59 E General] Hamilton [US Consulate Bermuda 32 17 N 64 46 W General] Hanoi [US Embassy] Vietnam 21 02 N 105 51 E Harare [US Embassy] Zimbabwe 17 50 S 31 03 E Hatay [province] Turkey 36 30 N 36 15 E Havana [US post not Cuba 23 08 N 82 22 W maintained; representation by US Interests Section (USINT) of the Swiss Embassy] Hawaii United States 20 00 N 157 45 W Heard Island Heard Island and 53 06 S 73 30 E McDonald Islands Hejaz [region] Saudi Arabia 24 30 N 38 30 E Helsinki [US Embassy] Finland 60 10 N 24 58 E Hermosillo [US Mexico 29 04 N 110 58 W Consulate] Herzegovina Bosnia and 44 00 N 18 00 E Herzegovina Hispaniola [island] Dominican 18 45 N 71 00 W Republic, Haiti Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam 10 45 N 106 40 E Hokkaido [island] Japan 44 00 N 143 00 E Holland Netherlands 52 30 N 5 45 E Hong Kong [US Consulate Hong Kong 22 15 N 114 10 E General] Honiara Solomon Islands 9 26 S 159 57 E Honshu [island] Japan 36 00 N 138 00 E Hormuz, Strait of Indian Ocean 26 34 N 56 15 E Horn, Cape (Cabo de Chile 55 59 S 67 16 W Hornos) Horne, Iles de Wallis and 14 19 S 178 05 W Futuna Horn of Africa Djibouti, 8 00 N 48 00 E Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia Hudson Bay Arctic Ocean 60 00 N 86 00 W Hudson Strait Arctic Ocean 62 00 N 71 00 W Hunter Island New Caledonia, 22 24 S 172 06 E Vanuatu I Iberian Peninsula Portugal, Spain 40 00 N 5 00 W Inaccessible Island Saint Helena 37 17 S 12 40 W Indochina Cambodia, Laos, 15 00 N 107 00 E Vietnam Inland Sea Japan 34 20 N 133 30 E Inner Mongolia (Nei China 42 00 N 113 00 E Mongol) Ionian Islands Greece 38 30 N 20 30 E Ionian Sea Atlantic Ocean 38 30 N 18 00 E Irian Jaya [province] Indonesia 5 00 S 138 00 E Irish Sea Atlantic Ocean 53 30 N 5 20 W Iron Gate Romania, Serbia 44 41 N 22 31 E and Montenegro Islamabad [US Embassy] Pakistan 33 42 N 73 10 E Islas Malvinas Falkland Islands 51 45 S 59 00 W (Islas Malvinas) Istanbul [US Consulate Turkey 41 01 N 28 58 E General] Istrian Peninsula Croatia, 45 00 N 14 00 E Slovenia Italian East Africa Eritrea, 8 00 N 38 00 E Ethiopia, Somalia Italian Somaliland Somalia 10 00 N 49 00 E Iturup (see Etorofu) Russia [de 44 55 N 147 40 E facto] Ivory Coast Cote d'Ivoire 8 00 N 5 00 W Iwo Jima [island] Japan 24 47 N 141 20 E J Jakarta [US Embassy] Indonesia 6 10 S 106 48 E Jamestown Saint Helena 15 56 S 5 44 W Jammu India 32 42 N 74 52 E Jammu and Kashmir India, Pakistan 34 00 N 76 00 E [region] Japan, Sea of Pacific Ocean 40 00 N 135 00 E Jars, Plain of Laos 19 27 N 103 10 E Java [island] Indonesia 7 30 S 110 00 E Java Sea Pacific Ocean 5 00 S 110 00 E Jeddah (see Jiddah) Saudi Arabia 21 30 N 39 12 E Jerusalem [US Consulate Israel, West 31 47 N 35 14 E General] Bank Jiddah [US Consulate Saudi Arabia 21 30 N 39 12 E General] Johannesburg [US South Africa 26 15 S 28 00 E Consulate General] Juan de Fuca, Strait of Pacific Ocean 48 18 N 124 00 W Juan Fernandez, Isla de Chile 33 00 S 80 00 W Jubal, Strait of Indian Ocean 27 40 N 33 55 E Judaea [region] Israel, West 31 35 N 35 00 E Bank Jutland [region] Denmark 56 00 N 9 15 E Juventud, Isla de la Cuba 21 40 N 82 50 W (Isle of Youth) K Kabul [US Embassy now Afghanistan 34 31 N 69 12 E closed] Kaduna Nigeria 10 33 N 7 27 E Kailas Range China, India 30 00 N 82 00 E Kalimantan [region] Indonesia 0 00 N 115 00 E Kamaran [island] Yemen 15 21 N 42 34 E Kamchatka Peninsula Russia 56 00 N 160 00 E (Poluostrov Kamchatka) Kampala [US Embassy] Uganda 0 19 N 32 25 E Kampuchea Cambodia 13 00 N 105 00 E Kanton Island Kiribati 2 49 S 171 40 W Karachi [US Consulate Pakistan 24 52 N 67 03 E General] Kara Sea Arctic Ocean 76 00 N 80 00 E Karakoram Pass China, India 35 30 N 77 50 E Karelian Isthmus Russia 60 25 N 30 00 E Karimata Strait Pacific Ocean 2 05 S 108 40 E Kashmir [region] India, Pakistan 34 00 N 76 00 E Katanga [region] Democratic 10 00 S 26 00 E Republic of the Congo Kathmandu [US Embassy] Nepal 27 43 N 85 19 E Kattegat [strait] Atlantic Ocean 57 00 N 11 00 E Kauai Channel Pacific Ocean 21 45 N 158 50 W Keeling Islands Cocos (Keeling) 12 30 S 96 50 E Islands Kerguelen, Iles French Southern 49 30 S 69 30 E and Antarctic Lands Kermadec Islands New Zealand 29 50 S 178 15 W Kerulen River China, Mongolia 48 48 N 117 00 E Khabarovsk Russia 48 27 N 135 06 E Khanka, Lake China, Russia 45 00 N 132 24 E Khartoum [US Embassy] Sudan 15 36 N 32 32 E Khmer Republic Cambodia 13 00 N 105 00 E Khuriya Muriya Islands Oman 17 30 N 56 00 E (Kuria Muria Islands) Khyber Pass Afghanistan, 34 05 N 71 10 E Pakistan Kiel Canal (Nord-Ostsee Atlantic Ocean 53 53 N 9 08 E Kanal) Kiev [US Embassy] Ukraine 50 26 N 30 31 E Kigali [US Embassy] Rwanda 1 57 S 30 04 E Kingston [US Embassy] Jamaica 18 00 N 76 48 W Kingston Norfolk Island 29 03 S 167 58 E Kingstown Saint Vincent 13 09 N 61 14 W and the Grenadines Kinshasa [US Embassy] Democratic 4 18 S 15 18 E Republic of the Congo Kirghiziya Kyrgyzstan 41 00 N 75 00 E Kiritimati (Christmas Kiribati 1 52 N 157 20 W Island) Kishinev (see Chisinau) Moldova 47 00 N 28 50 E Kithira Strait Atlantic Ocean 36 00 N 23 00 E Kobe Japan 34 41 N 135 10 E Kodiak Island United States 57 49 N 152 23 W Kola Peninsula (Kol'skiy Russia 67 20 N 37 00 E Poluostrov) Kolonia [US Embassy] Federated States 6 58 N 158 13 E of Micronesia Korea Bay Pacific Ocean 39 00 N 124 00 E Korea, Democratic North Korea 40 00 N 127 00 E People's Republic of Korea, Republic of South Korea 37 00 N 127 30 E Korea Strait Pacific Ocean 34 00 N 129 00 E Koror [US Embassy] Palau 7 20 N 134 29 E Kosovo [region] Serbia and 42 30 N 21 00 E Montenegro Kowloon Hong Kong 22 18 N 114 10 E Kra, Isthmus of Burma, Thailand 10 20 N 99 00 E Krakatoa [volcano] Indonesia 6 07 S 105 24 E Krakow [US Consulate Poland 50 03 N 19 58 E General] Kuala Lumpur [US Malaysia 3 10 N 101 42 E Embassy] Kunashiri (Kunashir) Russia [de 44 20 N 146 00 E [island] facto] Kunlun Mountains China 36 00 N 84 00 E Kuril Islands Russia [de 46 10 N 152 00 E facto] Kuwait [US Embassy] Kuwait 29 20 N 47 59 E Kuznetsk Basin Russia 54 00 N 86 00 E Kwajalein Atoll Marshall Islands 9 05 N 167 20 E Kyushu [island] Japan 33 00 N 131 00 E Kyyiv (see Kiev) Ukraine 50 26 N 30 31 E L Labrador Canada 54 00 N 62 00 W Laccadive Islands India 10 00 N 73 00 E Laccadive Sea Indian Ocean 7 00 N 76 00 E Lagos [US Embassy] Nigeria 6 27 N 3 24 E Lahore [US Consulate Pakistan 31 35 N 74 18 E General] Lakshadweep (Laccadive India 10 00 N 73 00 E Islands) La Paz [US Embassy] Bolivia 16 30 S 68 09 W La Perouse Strait Pacific Ocean 45 45 N 142 00 E Laptev Sea Arctic Ocean 76 00 N 126 00 E Las Palmas Spain 28 06 N 15 24 W Lau Group Fiji 18 20 S 178 30 E Lefkosa (see Nicosia) Cyprus 35 10 N 33 22 E Leipzig [US Consulate Germany 51 19 N 12 20 E General] Lemnos [island] Greece 39 54 N 25 21 E Leningrad (see Saint Russia 59 55 N 30 15 E Petersburg) Lesser Sunda Islands Indonesia 9 00 S 120 00 E Lesvos [island] Greece 39 15 N 26 15 E Leyte [island] Philippines 10 50 N 124 50 E Liancourt Rocks [claimed South Korea 37 15 N 131 50 E by Japan] Libreville [US Embassy] Gabon 0 23 N 9 27 E Ligurian Sea Atlantic Ocean 43 30 N 9 00 E Lilongwe [US Embassy] Malawi 13 59 S 33 44 E Lima [US Embassy] Peru 12 03 S 77 03 W Lincoln Sea Arctic Ocean 83 00 N 56 00 W Line Islands Jarvis Island, 0 05 N 157 00 W Kingman Reef, Kiribati, Palmyra Atoll Lisbon [US Embassy] Portugal 38 43 N 9 08 W Ljubljana [US Embassy] Slovenia 46 03 N 14 31 E Lobamba Swaziland 26 27 S 31 12 E Lombok Strait Indian Ocean 8 30 S 115 50 E Lome [US Embassy] Togo 6 08 N 1 13 E London [US Embassy] United Kingdom 51 30 N 0 10 W Longyearbyen Svalbard 78 13 N 15 33 E Lord Howe Island Australia 31 30 S 159 00 E Louisiade Archipelago Papua New Guinea 11 00 S 153 00 E Loyalty Islands (Iles New Caledonia 21 00 S 167 00 E Loyaute) Luanda [US Embassy] Angola 8 48 S 13 14 E Lubumbashi Democratic 11 40 S 27 28 E Republic of the Congo Lusaka [US Embassy] Zambia 15 25 S 28 17 E Luxembourg [US Embassy] Luxembourg 49 45 N 6 10 E Luzon [island] Philippines 16 00 N 121 00 E Luzon Strait Pacific Ocean 20 30 N 121 00 E Lyakhov Islands Russia 73 45 N 138 00 E M Macao Macau 22 10 N 113 33 E Macedonia The Former 41 50 N 22 00 E Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Macquarie Island Australia 30 07 S 147 24 E Maddalena, Isola Italy 41 13 N 09 24 E Madeira Islands Portugal 32 40 N 16 45 W Madras [see Chennai] India 13 04 N 80 16 E Madrid [US Embassy] Spain 40 24 N 3 41 W Magellan, Strait of Atlantic Ocean 54 00 S 71 00 W Maghreb Algeria, Libya, 30 00 N 5 00 E Mauritania, Morocco, Tunisia Mahe Island Seychelles 4 41 S 55 30 E Maiz, Islas del (Corn Nicaragua 12 15 N 83 00 W Islands) Majorca Island (Isla de Spain 39 30 N 3 00 E Mallorca) Majuro [US Embassy] Marshall Islands 7 05 N 171 08 E Makassar Strait Pacific Ocean 2 00 S 117 30 E Malabo Equatorial 3 45 N 8 47 E Guinea Malacca, Strait of Indian Ocean 2 30 N 101 20 E Malagasy Republic Madagascar 20 00 S 47 00 E Male Maldives 4 10 N 73 31 E Mallorca (Majorca) Spain 39 30 N 3 00 E Malpelo, Isla de Colombia 4 00 N 90 30 W Malta Channel Atlantic Ocean 56 44 N 26 53 E Malvinas, Islas Falkland Islands 51 45 S 59 00 W (Islas Malvinas) Mamoutzou Mayotte 12 47 S 45 14 E Managua [US Embassy] Nicaragua 12 09 N 86 17 W Manama [US Embassy] Bahrain 26 13 N 50 35 E Manaus [US Consular Brazil 3 08 S 60 01 W Agency] Manchukuo China 44 00 N 124 00 E Manchuria China 44 00 N 124 00 E Manila [US Embassy] Philippines 14 35 N 121 00 E Manipa Strait Pacific Ocean 3 20 S 127 23 E Mannar, Gulf of Indian Ocean 8 30 N 79 00 E Manua Islands American Samoa 14 13 S 169 35 W Maputo [US Embassy] Mozambique 25 58 S 32 35 E Marcus Island (Minami- Japan 24 16 N 154 00 E tori-shima) Mariana Islands Guam, Northern 16 00 N 145 30 E Mariana Islands Marion Island South Africa 46 51 S 37 52 E Marmara, Sea of Atlantic Ocean 40 40 N 28 15 E Marquesas Islands (Iles French Polynesia 9 00 S 139 30 W Marquises) Marseille [US Consulate France 43 18 N 5 24 E General] Martin Vaz, Ilhas Brazil 20 30 S 28 51 W Mas a Tierra (Robinson Chile 33 38 S 78 52 W Crusoe Island) Mascarene Islands Mauritius, 21 00 S 57 00 E Reunion Maseru [US Embassy] Lesotho 29 28 S 27 30 E Matamoros [US Consulate] Mexico 25 53 N 97 30 W Mata-Utu Wallis and 13 57 S 171 56 W Futuna Matsu [island] Taiwan 26 13 N 119 56 E Matthew Island New Caledonia, 22 20 S 171 20 E Vanuatu Mazatlan Mexico 23 13 N 106 25 W Mbabane [US Embassy] Swaziland 26 18 S 31 06 E McDonald Islands Heard Island and 53 06 S 73 30 E McDonald Islands Mecca Saudi Arabia 21 27 N 39 49 E Medan [US Consulate Indonesia 3 35 N 98 40 E General] Mediterranean Sea Atlantic Ocean 36 00 N 15 00 E Melbourne [US Consulate Australia 37 49 S 144 58 E General] Melilla Spain 35 19 N 2 58 W Merida [US Consulate] Mexico 20 58 N 89 37 W Mesopotamia Iraq 33 00 N 44 00 E Messina, Strait of Atlantic Ocean 38 15 N 15 35 E Mexico [US Embassy] Mexico 19 24 N 99 09 W Mexico, Gulf of Atlantic Ocean 25 00 N 90 00 W Milan [US Consulate Italy 45 28 N 9 12 E General] Minami-tori-shima Japan 24 16 N 154 00 E (Marcus Island) Mindanao [island] Philippines 8 00 N 125 00 E Mindoro [island] Philippines 12 50 N 121 05 E Mindoro Strait Pacific Ocean 12 20 N 120 40 E Minicoy Island India 8 17 N 73 02 E Minsk [US Embassy] Belarus 53 54 N 27 34 E Minorca Island (Isla de Spain 40 00 N 4 00 E Menorca) Mitla Pass Egypt 30 02 N 32 54 E Mogadishu Somalia 2 04 N 45 22 E Moldavia [region] Moldova, Romania 47 00 N 29 00 E Moluccas (Spice Islands) Indonesia 2 00 S 28 00 E Mombasa Kenya 4 03 S 39 40 E Mona Passage Atlantic Ocean 18 30 N 67 45 W Monaco Monaco 43 44 N 7 25 E Monrovia [US Embassy] Liberia 6 18 N 10 47 W Montenegro Serbia and 42 30 N 19 00 E Montenegro Monterrey Mexico 25 40 N 100 19 W Montevideo [US Embassy] Uruguay 34 53 S 56 11 W Montreal [US Consulate Canada 45 31 N 73 34 W General, US Mission to the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)] Moravia [region] Czech Republic 49 30 N 17 00 E Moravian Gate Czech Republic 49 35 N 17 50 E Moroni Comoros 11 41 S 43 16 E Mortlock Islands (Nomoi Federated States 5 30 N 153 40 E Islands) of Micronesia Moscow [US Embassy] Russia 55 45 N 37 35 E Mount Pinatubo Philippines 15 08 N 120 21 E Mozambique Channel Indian Ocean 19 00 S 41 00 E Mumbai [US Consulate India 18 58 N 72 50 E General] Munich [US Consulate Germany 48 09 N 11 35 E General] Musandam Peninsula Oman, United 26 18 N 56 24 E Arab Emirates Muscat [US Embassy] Oman 23 37 N 58 35 E Muscat and Oman Oman 21 00 N 57 00 E Myanma, Myanmar Burma 22 00 N 98 00 E N Nagorno-Karabakh Azerbaijan 40 00 N 46 40 E [region] Nagoya [US Consulate] Japan 35 10 N 136 55 E Naha [US Consulate Japan 26 13 N 127 40 E General] Nairobi [US Embassy] Kenya 1 17 S 36 49 E Nampo-shoto [islands] Japan 30 00 N 140 00 E Naples [US Consulate Italy 40 50 N 14 15 E General] Nassau [US Embassy] The Bahamas 25 05 N 77 21 W Natuna Besar Islands Indonesia 3 30 N 102 30 E Naxcivan [region] Azerbaijan 39 20 N 45 20 E N'Djamena [US Embassy] Chad 12 07 N 15 03 E Negev [region] Israel 30 30 N 34 55 E Negros [island] Philippines 10 00 N 123 00 E Netherlands East Indies Indonesia 5 00 S 120 00 E Netherlands Guiana Suriname 4 00 N 56 00 W Nevis [island] Saint Kitts and 17 09 N 62 35 W Nevis New Britain [island] Papua New Guinea 6 00 S 150 00 E New Delhi [US Embassy] India 28 36 N 77 12 E New Guinea Indonesia, Papua 5 00 S 140 00 E New Guinea New Hebrides Vanuatu 16 00 S 167 00 E New Siberian Islands Russia 75 00 N 142 00 E New Territories Hong Kong 22 24 N 114 10 E New York, New York [US United States 40 43 N 74 01 W Mission to the United Nations (USUN)] Newfoundland [island] Canada 52 00 N 56 00 W Niamey [US Embassy] Niger 13 31 N 2 07 E Nicobar Islands India 8 00 N 93 30 E Nicosia [US Embassy] Cyprus 35 10 N 33 22 E Nightingale Island Saint Helena 37 25 S 12 30 W Nomoi Islands (Mortlock Federated States 5 30 N 153 40 E Islands) of Micronesia North Atlantic Ocean Atlantic Ocean 30 00 N 45 00 W North Channel Atlantic Ocean 55 10 N 5 40 W North Frisian Islands Denmark, Germany 54 50 N 8 12 E North Island New Zealand 39 00 S 176 00 E North Korea North Korea 40 00 N 127 00 E North Pacific Ocean Pacific Ocean 30 00 N 165 00 W North Sea Atlantic Ocean 56 00 N 4 00 E North Vietnam Vietnam 23 00 N 106 00 E North Yemen (Yemen Arab Yemen 15 00 N 44 00 E Republic) Northeast Providence Atlantic Ocean 25 40 N 77 09 W Channel Northern Epirus Albania, Greece 40 00 N 20 30 E Northern Grenadines Saint Vincent 12 45 N 61 15 W and the Grenadines Northern Ireland United Kingdom 54 40 N 6 45 W Northern Rhodesia Zambia 15 00 S 30 00 E Northwest Passages Arctic Ocean 74 40 N 100 00 W Norwegian Sea Atlantic Ocean 66 00 N 6 00 E Nouakchott [US Embassy] Mauritania 18 06 N 15 57 W Noumea New Caledonia 22 16 S 166 27 E Novaya Zemlya [islands] Russia 74 00 N 57 00 E Nubia Sudan 20 30 N 33 00 E Nuku'alofa Tonga 21 08 S 175 12 W Nuevo Laredo [US Mexico 27 30 N 99 31 W Consulate] Nuuk (Godthab) Greenland 64 11 N 51 44 W Nyasaland Malawi 13 30 S 34 00 E O Oahu United States 21 30 N 158 00 W Ocean Island (Banaba) Kiribati 0 52 S 169 35 E Ocean Island (Kure United States 28 25 N 178 20 W Island) Ogaden [region] Ethiopia, 7 00 N 46 00 E Somalia Oil Islands (Chagos British Indian 6 00 S 71 30 E Archipelago) Ocean Territory Okhotsk, Sea of Pacific Ocean 53 00 N 150 00 E Okinawa [island group] Japan 26 30 N 128 00 E Oman, Gulf of Indian Ocean 24 30 N 58 30 E Ombai Strait Pacific Ocean 8 30 S 125 00 E Oran Algeria 35 43 N 0 43 W Oranjestad Aruba 12 33 N 70 06 W Oresund (The Sound) Atlantic Ocean 55 50 N 12 40 E Orkney Islands United Kingdom 59 00 N 3 00 W Osaka-Kobe [US Consulate Japan 34 40 N 135 30 E General] Oslo [US Embassy] Norway 59 55 N 10 45 E Osumi Strait (Van Diemen Pacific Ocean 31 00 N 131 00 E Strait) Otranto, Strait of Atlantic Ocean 40 00 N 19 00 E Ottawa [US Embassy] Canada 45 20 N 73 58 W Ouagadougou [US Embassy] Burkina Faso 12 22 N 1 31 W Outer Mongolia Mongolia 46 00 N 105 00 E P Pacific Islands, Trust Marshall 10 00 N 155 00 E Territory of the Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau Pagan [island] Northern Mariana 18 8 N 145 47 E Islands Pago Pago American Samoa 14 16 S 170 42 W Palawan [island] Philippines 9 30 N 118 30 E Palermo Italy 38 07 N 13 21 E Palestine Israel, West 32 00 N 35 15 E Bank Palikir Federated States 6 55 N 158 08 E of Micronesia Palk Strait Indian Ocean 10 00 N 79 45 E Pamirs [mountains] China, 38 00 N 73 00 E Tajikistan Pampas [region] Argentina 35 00 N 63 00 W Panama [US Embassy] Panama 8 58 N 79 32 W Panama Canal Panama 9 00 N 79 45 W Panama, Gulf of Pacific Ocean 8 00 N 79 30 W Panay [island] Philippines 11 15 N 122 30 E Pantelleria, Isola di Italy 36 47 N 12 00 E Papeete French Polynesia 17 32 S 149 34 W Paramaribo [US Embassy] Suriname 5 50 N 55 10 W Parece Vela [island] Japan 20 20 N 136 00 E Paris [US Embassy, US France 48 52 N 2 20 E Mission to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), US Observer Mission to the UN Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)] Pascua, Isla de (Easter Chile 27 07 S 109 22 W Island) Passion, Ile de la Clipperton 10 17 N 109 13 W Island Pashtunistan [region] Afghanistan, 32 00 N 69 00 E Pakistan Peking (see Beijing) China 39 56 N 116 24 E Pelagian Islands (Isole Italy 35 40 N 12 40 E Pelagie) Peleliu (Beliliou) Palau 7 01 N 134 15 E [island] Pemba Island Tanzania 7 31 S 39 25 E Penang Island Malaysia 5 23 N 100 15 E Pentland Firth Atlantic Ocean 58 44 N 3 13 W Perim [island] Yemen 12 39 N 43 25 E Perouse Strait, La Pacific Ocean 44 45 N 142 00 E Persia Iran 32 00 N 53 00 E Persian Gulf Indian Ocean 27 00 N 51 00 E Perth [US Consulate Australia 31 56 S 115 50 E General] Pescadores [islands] Taiwan 23 30 N 119 30 E Peshawar [US Consulate] Pakistan 34 01 N 71 33 E Peter I Island Antarctica 68 48 S 90 35 W Philip Island Norfolk Island 29 08 S 167 57 E Philippine Sea Pacific Ocean 20 00 N 134 00 E Phnom Penh [US Embassy] Cambodia 11 33 N 104 55 E Phoenix Islands Kiribati 3 30 S 172 00 W Pines, Isle of (Isla de Cuba 21 40 N 82 50 W la Juventud) Pleasant Island Nauru 0 32 S 166 55 E Plymouth Montserrat 16 44 N 62 14 W Ponape (Pohnpei) Federated States 6 55 N 158 15 E [island] of Micronesia Ponta Delgada [US Portugal 37 44 N 25 40 W Consulate] Port-au-Prince [US Haiti 18 32 N 72 20 W Embassy] Port Louis [US Embassy] Mauritius 20 10 S 57 30 E Port Moresby [US Papua New Guinea 9 30 S 147 10 E Embassy] Porto Alegre [US Brazil 30 04 S 51 11 W Consulate] Port-of-Spain [US Trinidad and 10 39 N 61 31 W Embassy] Tobago Porto-Novo Benin 6 29 N 2 37 E Portuguese East Africa Mozambique 18 15 S 35 00 E Portuguese Guinea Guinea-Bissau 12 00 N 15 00 W Portuguese Timor (East Indonesia 9 00 S 126 00 E Timor) Port-Vila Vanuatu 17 44 S 168 19 E Poznan Poland 52 25 N 16 55 E Prague [US Embassy] Czech Republic 40 55 N 21 00 E Praia [US Embassy] Cape Verde 14 55 N 23 31 W Pretoria [US Embassy] South Africa 25 45 S 28 10 E Prevlaka peninsula Croatia 42 24 N 18 31 E Pribilof Islands United States 57 00 N 170 00 W Prince Edward Island Canada 46 20 N 63 20 W Prince Edward Islands South Africa 46 35 S 38 00 E Prince Patrick Island Canada 76 30 N 119 00 W Principe [island] Sao Tome and 1 38 N 7 25 E Principe Prussia [region] Germany, Poland, 53 00 N 14 00 E Russia Pukapuka Atoll Cook Islands 10 53 S 165 49 W Pusan [US Consulate] South Korea 35 06 N 129 03 E P'yongyang North Korea 39 01 N 125 45 E Q Quebec [US Consulate Canada 52 00 N 72 00 W General] Queen Charlotte Islands Canada 53 00 N 132 00 W Queen Elizabeth Islands Canada 78 00 N 95 00 W Queen Maud Land [claimed Antarctica 73 30 S 12 00 E by Norway] Quemoy [island] Taiwan 24 27 N 118 23 E Quito [US Embassy] Ecuador 0 13 S 78 30 W R Rabat [US Embassy] Morocco 34 02 N 6 51 W Ralik Chain Marshall Islands 8 00 N 167 00 E Rangoon [US Embassy] Burma 16 47 N 96 10 E Ratak Chain Marshall Islands 9 00 N 171 00 E Recife [US Consulate] Brazil 8 03 S 34 54 W Redonda [island] Antigua and 16 55 N 62 19 W Barbuda Red Sea Indian Ocean 20 00 N 38 00 E Revillagigedo Island United States 55 35 N 131 06 W Revillagigedo Islands Mexico 19 00 N 112 45 W Reykjavik [US Embassy] Iceland 19 00 N 111 30 W Rhodes [island] Greece 36 10 N 28 00 E Rhodesia Zimbabwe 20 00 S 30 00 E Rhodesia, Northern Zambia 15 00 S 30 00 E Rhodesia, Southern Zimbabwe 20 00 S 30 00 E Riga [US Embassy] Latvia 56 57 N 24 06 E Rio de Janeiro [US Brazil 22 54 S 43 14 W Consulate General] Rio de Oro Western Sahara 23 45 N 15 45 W Rio Muni Equatorial 1 30 N 10 00 E Guinea Riyadh [US Embassy] Saudi Arabia 24 38 N 46 43 E Road Town British Virgin 18 27 N 64 37 W Islands Robinson Crusoe Island Chile 33 38 S 78 52 W (Mas a Tierra) Rocas, Atol das Brazil 3 51 S 33 49 W Rockall [island] United Kingdom 57 35 N 13 48 W Rodrigues [island] Mauritius 19 42 S 63 25 E Rome [US Embassy, US Italy 41 54 N 12 29 E Mission to the UN Agencies for Food and Agriculture (FODAG)] Roncador Cay Colombia 13 32 N 80 03 W Roosevelt Island Antarctica 79 30 S 162 00 W Roseau Dominica 15 18 N 61 24 W Ross Dependency [claimed Antarctica 80 00 S 180 00 E by New Zealand] Ross Island Antarctica 81 30 S 175 00 W Ross Sea Antarctica 76 00 S 175 00 W Rota [island] Northern Mariana 14 10 N 145 12 E Islands Rotuma [island] Fiji 12 30 S 177 30 E Ryukyu Islands Japan 26 30 N 128 00 E S Saba [island] Netherlands 17 38 N 63 10 W Antilles Sabah [state] Malaysia 5 20 N 117 10 E Sable Island Canada 43 55 N 59 50 W Safety Islands (Iles du French Guiana 5 20 N 52 37 W Salut) Sahel Burkina Faso, 15 00 N 8 00 W Cape Verde, Chad, The Gambia, Guinea- Bissau, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal Saigon (see Ho Chi Minh Vietnam 10 45 N 106 40 E City) Saint Brandon (Cargados Mauritius 16 25 S 59 38 E Carajos Shoals) Saint Christopher Saint Kitts and 17 20 N 62 45 W [island] Nevis Saint Christopher and Saint Kitts and 17 20 N 62 45 W Nevis Nevis Saint-Denis Reunion 20 52 S 55 28 E Saint George's [US Grenada 12 03 N 61 45 W Embassy] Saint George's Channel Atlantic Ocean 52 00 N 6 00 W Saint Helier Jersey 49 12 N 2 37 W Saint John's Antigua and 17 06 N 61 51 W Barbuda Saint Lawrence, Gulf of Atlantic Ocean 48 00 N 62 00 W Saint Lawrence Island United States 49 30 N 67 00 W Saint Lawrence Seaway Atlantic Ocean 49 15 N 67 00 W Saint Martin [island] Guadeloupe 18 04 N 63 04 W Saint Martin (Sint Netherlands 18 04 N 63 04 W Maarten) Antilles Saint Paul Island Canada 47 12 N 60 09 W Saint Paul Island United States 57 11 N 170 16 W Saint Paul Island (Ile French Southern 38 43 S 77 29 E Saint-Paul) and Antarctic Lands Saint Peter and Saint Brazil 0 23 N 29 23 W Paul Rocks (Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo) Saint Peter Port Guernsey 49 27 N 2 32 W Saint Petersburg [US Russia 59 55 N 30 15 E Consulate General] Saint-Pierre Saint Pierre and 46 46 N 56 11 W Miquelon Saint Thomas [island] Virgin Islands 18 21 N 64 55 W Saint Vincent Passage Atlantic Ocean 13 30 N 61 00 W Saipan [island] Northern Mariana 15 12 N 145 45 E Islands Sakishima Islands Japan 24 30 N 124 00 E Sakhalin Island (Ostrov Russia 51 00 N 143 00 E Sakhalin) Sala y Gomez, Isla Chile 26 28 S 105 00 W Salisbury (see Harare) Zimbabwe 17 50 S 105 00 W Salvador de Bahia [US Brazil 12 59 S 38 31 W Consular Agency] Salzburg Austria 47 48 N 13 02 E Samar [island] Philippines 12 00 N 125 00 E Samaria [region] West Bank 32 15 N 35 10 E Samoa Islands American Samoa, 14 00 S 171 00 W Samoa Samos [island] Greece 37 48 N 26 44 E Sanaa [US Embassy] Yemen 15 21 N 44 12 E San Ambrosio, Isla Chile 26 21 S 79 52 W San Andres y Colombia 13 00 N 81 30 W Providencia, Archipielago San Bernardino Strait Pacific Ocean 12 32 N 124 10 E San Felix, Isla Chile 26 17 S 80 05 W San Jose [US Embassy] Costa Rica 9 56 N 84 05 W San Juan Puerto Rico 18 28 N 66 07 W San Marino San Marino 43 56 N 12 25 E San Salvador [US El Salvador 13 42 N 89 12 W Embassy] Santa Cruz Bolivia 17 48 S 63 10 W Santa Cruz Islands Solomon Islands 11 00 S 166 15 E Santiago [US Embassy] Chile 33 27 S 70 40 W Santo Antao [island] Cape Verde 17 05 N 25 10 W Santo Domingo [US Dominican 18 28 N 69 54 W Embassy] Republic Sao Paulo [US Consulate Brazil 23 32 S 46 37 W General] Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo, Brazil 0 23 N 29 23 W Penedos de [rocks] Sao Tiago [island] Cape Verde 15 05 N 23 40 W Sao Tome [island] Sao Tome and 0 12 N 6 39 E Principe Sapporo [US Consulate Japan 43 03 N 141 21 E General] Sapudi Strait Pacific Ocean 7 05 S 114 10 E Sarajevo [US Embassy] Bosnia and 43 52 N 18 25 E Herzegovina Sarawak [state] Malaysia 2 30 N 113 30 E Sardinia [island] Italy 40 00 N 9 00 E Sargasso Sea Atlantic Ocean 30 00 N 55 00 W Sark [island] Guernsey 49 26 N 2 21 W Saxony [region] Germany 51 00 N 13 00 E Schleswig-Holstein Germany 54 31 N 9 33 E [region] Scopus, Mount Israel, West 31 48 N 35 14 E Bank Scotia Sea Atlantic Ocean 56 00 S 40 00 W Scotland [region] United Kingdom 57 00 N 4 00 W Scott Island Antarctica 67 24 S 179 55 W Senyavin Islands Federated States 6 55 N 158 00 E of Micronesia Seoul [US Embassy] South Korea 37 34 N 127 00 E Serbia Serbia and 43 00 N 21 00 E Montenegro Serrana Bank Colombia 14 25 N 80 16 W Serranilla Bank Colombia 15 51 N 79 46 W Settlement, The Christmas Island 18 44 N 64 19 W Severnaya Zemlya Russia 79 30 N 98 00 E (Northland) [island group] Shaba [region] Democratic 8 00 S 27 00 E Republic of the Congo Shag Island Heard Island and 53 00 S 72 30 E McDonald Islands Shag Rocks South Georgia 53 33 S 42 02 W and the South Sandwich Islands Shanghai [US Consulate China 31 14 N 121 28 E General] Shenyang [US Consulate China 41 48 N 123 27 E General] Shetland Islands United Kingdom 60 30 N 1 30 W Shikoku [island] Japan 33 45 N 133 30 E Shikotan [island] Russia [de 43 47 N 146 45 E facto] Siam Thailand 15 00 N 100 00 E Siberia [region] Russia 60 00 N 100 00 E Sibutu Passage Pacific Ocean 4 50 N 119 35 E Sicily [island] Italy 37 30 N 14 00 E Sicily, Strait of Atlantic Ocean 37 20 N 11 20 E Sidra, Gulf of Atlantic Ocean 31 30 N 18 00 E Sikkim [state] India 27 50 N 88 30 E Sinai Peninsula Egypt 29 30 N 34 00 E Singapore [US Embassy] Singapore 1 17 N 103 51 E Singapore Strait Pacific Ocean 1 15 N 104 00 E Sinkiang (Xinjiang) China 42 00 N 86 00 E Sint Eustatius [island] Netherlands 17 29 N 62 58 W Antilles Sint Maarten [island] Netherlands 18 04 N 63 04 W Antilles Skagerrak [strait] Atlantic Ocean 57 45 N 9 00 E Skopje [US Embassy] The Former 41 59 N 21 26 E Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Society Islands (Iles de French Polynesia 17 00 S 150 00 W la Societe) Socotra [island] Yemen 12 30 N 54 00 E Sofia [US Embassy] Bulgaria 42 41 N 23 19 E Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea 6 00 S 155 00 E northern Solomon Islands, Solomon Islands 8 00 S 159 00 E southern Solomon Sea Pacific Ocean 8 00 S 153 00 E Songkhla Thailand 7 12 N 100 36 E Sound, The (Oresund) Atlantic Ocean 55 50 N 12 40 E South Atlantic Ocean Atlantic Ocean 30 00 S 15 00 W South China Sea Pacific Ocean 10 00 N 113 00 E South Georgia [island] South Georgia 54 15 S 36 45 W and the South Sandwich Islands South Island New Zealand 43 00 S 171 00 E South Korea South Korea 37 00 N 127 30 E South Orkney Islands Antarctica 61 00 S 45 00 W South Ossetia [region] Georgia 42 20 N 44 00 E South Pacific Ocean Pacific Ocean 30 00 S 130 00 W South Sandwich Islands South Georgia 57 45 S 26 30 W and the South Sandwich Islands South Shetland Islands Antarctica 62 00 S 59 00 W South Tyrol [region] Italy 46 30 N 10 30 E South Vietnam Vietnam 12 00 N 108 00 E South Yemen (People's Yemen 14 00 N 48 00 E Democratic Republic of Yemen) South-West Africa Namibia 22 00 S 17 00 E Southern Grenadines Grenada 12 20 N 61 30 W Southern Rhodesia Zimbabwe 20 00 S 30 00 E Soviet Union Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan Spanish Guinea Equatorial 2 00 N 10 00 E Guinea Spanish Morocco Morocco 32 00 N 7 00 W Spanish North Africa Spain (Ceuta, 35 15 N 4 00 W Islas Chafarinas, Melilla, Penon de Alhucemas, Penon de Velez de la Gomera) Spanish Sahara Western Sahara 24 30 N 13 00 W Spice Islands (Moluccas) Indonesia 2 00 S 28 00 E Spitsbergen [island] Svalbard 78 00 N 20 00 E Stanley Falkland Islands 51 42 S 57 41 W (Islas Malvinas) Stockholm [US Embassy] Sweden 59 20 N 18 03 E Strasbourg [US Consulate France 48 35 N 7 45 E General] Stuttgart Germany 48 46 N 9 11 E Sucre Bolivia 19 02 S 65 17 W Suez Canal Egypt 29 55 N 32 33 E Suez, Gulf of Indian Ocean 28 10 N 33 27 E Sulu Archipelago Philippines 6 00 N 121 00 E Sulu Sea Pacific Ocean 8 00 N 120 00 E Sumatra [island] Indonesia 0 00 N 102 00 E Sumba [island] Indonesia 10 00 S 120 00 E Sunda Islands (Soenda Indonesia, 2 00 S 110 00 E Isles) Malaysia Sunda Strait Indian Ocean 6 00 S 105 45 E Surabaya [US Consulate Indonesia 7 15 S 112 45 E General] Surigao Strait Pacific Ocean 10 15 N 125 23 E Surinam Suriname 4 00 N 56 00 W Suva [US Embassy] Fiji 18 08 S 178 25 E Sverdlovsk (see Russia 56 50 N 60 39 E Yekaterinburg) Swains Island American Samoa 11 3 S 171 15 W Swan Islands Honduras 17 25 S 83 56 W Sydney [US Consulate Australia 33 52 S 151 13 E General] T Tahiti [island] French Polynesia 17 37 S 149 27 W Taipei Taiwan 25 03 N 121 30 E Taiwan Strait Pacific Ocean 24 00 N 119 00 E Tallinn [US Embassy] Estonia 59 25 N 24 45 E Tanganyika Tanzania 6 00 S 35 00 E Tangier Morocco 35 48 N 5 45 W Tarawa [island] Kiribati 1 25 N 173 00 E Tatar Strait Pacific Ocean 50 00 N 141 00 E Tashkent [US Embassy] Uzbekistan 41 20 N 69 18 E Tasmania [island] Australia 43 00 S 147 00 E Tasman Sea Pacific Ocean 4 30 S 168 00 E Taymyr Peninsula Russia 76 00 N 104 00 E (Poluostrov Taymyr) T'bilisi [US Embassy] Georgia 41 43 N 44 49 E Tegucigalpa [US Embassy] Honduras 14 06 N 87 13 W Tehran [US post not Iran 35 40 N 51 26 E maintained; representation by Swiss Embassy] Tel Aviv [US Embassy] Israel 32 05 N 34 48 E Terre Adelie (Adelie Antarctica 66 30 S 139 00 E Land) [claimed by France] Thailand, Gulf of Pacific Ocean 10 00 N 101 00 E Thessaloniki [US Greece 40 38 N 22 56 E Consulate General] Thimphu Bhutan 27 28 N 89 39 E Thuringia [region] Germany 51 00 N 11 00 E Thurston Island Antarctica 72 20 S 99 00 W Tiberias, Lake Israel 32 48 N 35 35 E Tibet (Xizang) China 32 00 N 90 00 E Tibilisi (see T'bilisi) Georgia 41 43 N 44 49 E Tien Shan [mountains] China, 42 00 N 80 00 E Kyrgyzstan Tierra del Fuego Argentina, Chile 54 00 S 69 00 W Tijuana [US Consulate Mexico 32 32 N 117 01 W General] Timor [island] Indonesia 9 00 S 125 00 E Timor Sea Pacific Ocean 11 00 S 128 00 E Tinian [island] Northern Mariana 15 00 N 145 38 E Islands Tiran, Strait of Indian Ocean 28 00 N 34 27 E Tirane [US Embassy] Albania 41 20 N 19 50 E Tirol [region] Austria, Italy 47 00 N 11 00 E Tobago [island] Trinidad and 11 15 N 60 40 W Tobago Tokyo [US Embassy] Japan 35 42 N 139 46 E Tonkin, Gulf of Pacific Ocean 20 00 N 108 00 E Toronto [US Consulate Canada 43 39 N 79 23 W General] Torres Strait Pacific Ocean 10 25 S 142 10 E Torshavn Faroe Islands 62 01 N 6 46 W Toshkent (see Tashkent) Uzbekistan 41 20 N 69 18 E Transjordan Jordan 31 00 N 36 00 E Transkei South Africa 32 15 S 28 15 E Transylvania [region] Romania 46 30 N 24 00 E Trindade, Ilha de Brazil 20 31 S 29 20 W Tripoli Lebanon 34 26 N 35 51 E Tripoli [US post not Libya 32 54 N 13 11 E maintained; representation by Belgian Embassy] Tristan da Cunha Group Saint Helena 37 04 S 12 19 W Trobriand Islands Papua New Guinea 8 38 S 151 04 E Trucial Coast United Arab 24 00 N 54 00 E Emirates Trucial Oman United Arab 24 00 N 54 00 E Emirates Trucial States United Arab 24 00 N 54 00 E Emirates Truk Islands Federated States 7 25 N 151 47 E of Micronesia Tsugaru Strait Pacific Ocean 41 35 N 141 00 E Tuamotu Islands (Iles French Polynesia 19 00 S 142 00 W Tuamotu) Tubuai Islands (Iles French Polynesia 23 00 S 150 00 W Tubuai) Tunb al Kubra [island] Iran 26 14 N 55 19 E Tunb as Sughra [island] Iran 26 14 N 55 09 E Tunis [US Embassy] Tunisia 36 48 N 10 11 E Turin Italy 45 04 N 7 40 E Turkish Straits Atlantic Ocean 40 40 N 28 00 E Turkmeniya Turkmenistan 40 00 N 60 00 E Turks Island Passage Atlantic Ocean 21 40 N 71 00 W Tuscany [region] Italy 43 25 N 11 00 E Tutuila [island] American Samoa 14 18 S 170 42 W Tyrol, South [region] Italy 46 30 N 10 30 E Tyrrhenian Sea Atlantic Ocean 40 00 N 12 00 E U Udorn (Udon Thani) [US Thailand 17 26 N 102 46 E Consulate] Ulaanbaatar [US Embassy] Mongolia 47 55 N 106 53 E Ullung-do [island] South Korea 37 29 N 130 52 E Unimak Pass [strait] Pacific Ocean 54 20 N 164 50 W Union of Soviet Armenia, Socialist Republics Azerbaijan, (USSR) Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan United Arab Republic Egypt, Syria (UAR) Upper Volta Burkina Faso 13 00 N 2 00 W Ural Mountains Kazakhstan, 60 00 N 60 00 E Russia Ussuri River China, Russia 48 28 N 135 02 E V Vaduz Liechtenstein 47 09 N 9 31 E Vakhan (Wakhan Corridor) Afghanistan 37 00 N 73 00 E Valletta [US Embassy] Malta 35 54 N 14 31 E Valley, The Anguilla 18 13 N 63 04 W Vancouver [US Consulate Canada 49 16 N 123 07 W General] Vancouver Island Canada 49 45 N 126 00 W Van Diemen Strait (Osumi Pacific Ocean 31 00 N 131 00 E Strait) Vatican City [US Holy See 41 54 N 12 27 E Embassy] Velez de la Gomera, Spain 35 11 N 4 18 W Penon de Venda South Africa 23 00 S 31 00 E Verde Island Passage Pacific Ocean 13 34 N 120 51 E Victoria Hong Kong 22 17 N 114 09 E Victoria Seychelles 4 38 S 55 27 E Vienna [US Embassy, US Austria 48 12 N 16 22 E Mission to International Organizations in Vienna (UNVIE)] Vientiane [US Embassy] Laos 17 58 N 102 36 E Vilnius [US Embassy] Lithuania 54 41 N 25 19 E Viti Levu [island] Fiji 18 00 S 178 00 E Vladivostok [US Russia 43 10 N 131 56 E Consulate General] Volcano Islands Japan 25 00 N 141 00 E Vostok Island Kiribati 10 06 S 152 23 W Vrangelya, Ostrov Russia 71 14 N 179 36 W (Wrangel Island) W Wake Island Wake Atoll 19 17 N 166 36 E Wakhan Corridor (see Afghanistan 37 00 N 73 00 E Vakhan) Wales [region] United Kingdom 52 30 N 3 30 W Wallis Islands Wallis and 13 17 S 176 10 W Futuna Walvis Bay Namibia 22 59 S 14 31 E Warsaw [US Embassy] Poland 52 15 N 21 00 E Washington, DC [US United States 38 53 N 77 02 W Mission to the Organization of American States (OAS)] Weddell Sea Atlantic Ocean 72 00 S 45 00 W Wellington [US Embassy] New Zealand 41 28 S 174 51 E West Frisian Islands Netherlands 53 26 N 5 30 E West Germany (Federal Germany 53 22 N 5 20 E Republic of Germany) West Island Cocos (Keeling) 12 10 S 96 55 E Islands West Korea Strait Pacific Ocean 34 40 N 129 00 E (Western Channel) West Pakistan Pakistan 30 00 N 70 00 E West Siberian Plain Russia 60 00 N 75 00 E Western Channel (West Pacific Ocean 34 40 N 129 00 E Korea Strait) Western Samoa Samoa 13 35 S 172 20 W Wetar Strait Pacific Ocean 8 20 S 126 30 E White Sea Arctic Ocean 65 30 N 38 00 E Willemstad Netherlands 12 06 N 68 56 W Antilles Windhoek [US Embassy] Namibia 22 34 S 17 06 E Windward Passage Atlantic Ocean 20 00 N 73 50 W Wrangel Island (Ostrov Russia 71 14 N 179 36 W Vrangelya) Y Yalu River China, North 39 55 N 124 20 E Korea Yamoussoukro Cote d'Ivoire 6 49 N 5 17 W Yangon (see Rangoon) Burma 16 47 N 96 10 E Yaounde [US Embassy] Cameroon 3 52 N 11 31 E Yap Islands Federated States 9 30 N 138 00 E of Micronesia Yaren Nauru 0 32 S 166 55 E Yekaterinburg Russia 56 50 N 60 39 E (Sverdlovsk) [US Consulate General] Yellow Sea Pacific Ocean 36 00 N 123 00 E Yemen (Aden) [People's Yemen 14 00 N 46 00 E Democratic Republic of Yemen] Yemen Arab Republic Yemen 15 00 N 44 00 E Yemen, North [Yemen Arab Yemen 15 00 N 44 00 E Republic] Yemen (Sanaa) [Yemen Yemen 15 00 N 44 00 E Arab Republic] Yemen, People's Yemen 14 00 N 46 00 E Democratic Republic of Yemen, South [People's Yemen 14 00 N 46 00 E Democratic Republic of Yemen] Yerevan [US Embassy] Armenia 40 11 N 44 30 E Youth, Isle of (Isla de Cuba 21 40 N 82 50 W la Juventud) Yucatan Peninsula Mexico 19 30 N 89 00 W Yucatan Channel Atlantic Ocean 21 45 N 85 45 W Yugoslavia Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovenia Z Zagreb [US Embassy] Croatia 45 48 N 15 58 E Zaire Democratic 15 00 S 30 00 E Republic of the Congo Zanzibar [island] Tanzania 6 10 S 39 11 E Zion, Mount Israel, Jordan 31 46 N 35 14 E Zurich Switzerland 47 23 N 8 32 E

Geopolitical Data Elements and Related Features, Data Standard No. 4, Defense Intelligence Agency Manual 65-18, December 1994, published by the Defense Intelligence Agency The US Government has not yet adopted a standard for hydrographic codes similar to the Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) 10-4 country codes. The names and limits of the following oceans and seas are not always directly comparable because of differences in the customers, needs, and requirements of the individual organizations. Even the number of principal water bodies varies from organization to organization. Factbook users, for example, find the Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean entries useful, but none of the following standards include those oceans in their entirety. Nor is there any provision for combining codes or overcodes to aggregate water bodies. Principal Oceans and Seas of the World With Hydrographic Codes by Institution IHO IHO ACIC DIAM 23-4th 23-3rd* M 49-1 65-18 Arctic Ocean 9 17 A 5A Atlantic Ocean -- -- -- -- North Atlantic Ocean 1 23 B 1A South Atlantic Ocean 4 32 C 2A Baltic Sea 2 1 B26 7B Indian Ocean 5 45 F 6A Mediterranean Sea 3.1 28 B11 -- Eastern Mediterranean 3.1.2 28 B -- 8E Western Mediterranean 3.1.1 28 A -- 8W Pacific Ocean -- -- -- -- North Pacific Ocean 7 57 D 3A South Pacific Ocean 8 61 E 4A South China and Eastern 6 49 and 48 D18 plus 3U plus Archipelagic Seas others others ARCTIC OCEAN 9 17 A 5A East Siberian Sea 9.1 11 A6 5S Laptev Sea 9.2 10 A5 5P Kara Sea 9.3 9 A4 5K Barents Sea 9.4 7 A2 5B White Sea 9.5 8 A3 5W North Greenland Sea 9.6 -- -- -- Norwegian Sea 9.7 6 B30 5N Iceland Sea 9.8 -- -- -- Davis Strait 9.9 15 B2 1V Hudson Strait 9.10 16 A A15 1U Hudson Bay 9.11 16 A10 1H Baffin Bay 9.12 14 A A12 1P Lincoln Sea 9.13 17 A A13 5L Northwest Passages (Northwest 9.14 14 A9 5T Passage, Northwestern Passages) Beaufort Sea 9.15 13 A8 5U Chukchi Sea 9.16 12 A7 5C James Bay -- -- A11 -- Kane Basin -- -- A14 -- ATLANTIC OCEAN (see North -- -- -- -- Atlantic Ocean and South Atlantic Ocean) BALTIC SEA 2 1 B26 7B Gulf of Bothnia 2.1 1 (a) B29 7T Gulf of Finland 2.2 1 (b) B28 7F Gulf of Riga 2.3 1 (c) B27 7H The Sound 2.4 2 -- -- The Great Belt 2.5 2 -- -- The Little Belt 2.6 2 -- -- Kattegat 2.7 2 B25 7K INDIAN OCEAN 5 45 F 6A Mozambique Channel 5.1 45 A F1 6Z Gulf of Suez 5.2 35 F5 6W Gulf of Aqaba 5.3 36 -- 6Q Red Sea 5.4 37 F4 6E Gulf of Aden 5.5 38 F3 6D Persian Gulf (Gulf of Iran) 5.6 41 F7 6P Gulf of Oman 5.7 40 F6 6M Arabian Sea 5.8 39 F2 6R Laccadive Sea (Ladshadweep 5.9 42 F9 6L Sea) Gulf of Mannar 5.10 -- F8 -- Palk Strait and Palk Bay 5.11 -- -- -- Bay of Bengal 5.12 43 F10 6B Andaman Sea (Burma Sea) 5.13 44 F11 6N Strait of Malacca (Malacca 5.14 46 (a) F12 6C Strait) Great Australian Bight 5.15 62 F21 6G Suez Canal -- -- -- 6U MEDITERRANEAN REGION 3 -- -- -- Mediterranean Sea 3.1 28 B11 -- Mediterranean Sea, Western 3.1.1 28 A -- 8W Basin Strait of Gibraltar 3.1.1.1 28 (a) B7 8S Alboran Sea 3.1.1.2 28 (b) -- 8Y Balearic Sea (Balear Sea, 3.1.1.3 28 (c) B9 8J Iberian Sea) Ligurian Sea (Ligure Sea) 3.1.1.4 28 (d) B10 8L Tyrrhenian Sea (Tirreno Sea) 3.1.1.5 28 (e) B12 8T Mediterranean Sea, Eastern 3.1.2 28 B -- 8E Basin Adriatic Sea 3.1.2.1 28 (g) B14 8D Strait of Sicily (Strait of 3.1.2.2 -- -- -- Sicilia) Ionian Sea 3.1.2.3 28 (f) B13 8N Aegean Sea 3.1.2.4 28 (h) B15 8G Sea of Marmara 3.2 29 B16 8M Black Sea 3.3 30 B17 8B Sea of Azov 3.4 31 B18 8Z Gulf of Lion (Gulf of Lions) -- -- B8 8X Aral Sea -- -- -- 8R Bosporus -- -- -- 8P Caspian Sea -- -- -- 8C Dardanelles -- -- -- 8U NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN 1 23 B 1A Skagerrak 1.1 3 B24 1S North Sea 1.2 4 B23 1N Inner Seas off the West Coast 1.3 18 -- 1K of Scotland Irish Sea and Saint Georges 1.4 19 B22 1R, 1Q Channel Bristol Channel 1.5 20 B21 1C Celtic Sea 1.6 21 A -- -- English Channel 1.7 21 B20 1E Bay of Biscay 1.8 22 B19 1B Canarias Sea 1.9 -- -- -- Gulf of Guinea 1.10 34 C4 1G Caribbean Sea 1.11 27 B6 1X Gulf of Mexico 1.12 26 B5 1M Bay of Fundy 1.13 25 B4 1F Gulf of Saint Lawrence 1.14 24 B3 1T Labrador Sea 1.15 15 A -- 1L Greenland Sea 1.16 5 A1 5G Denmark Strait -- -- B1 1D Lake Erie -- -- -- 9E Lake Huron -- -- -- 9H Lake Michigan -- -- -- 9M Lake Ontario -- -- -- 9N Lake Superior -- -- -- 9S Panama Canal -- -- -- 1J Saint Lawrence Seaway -- -- -- 9L NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN 7 57 D 3A Philippine Sea 7.1 56 D26 3P Taiwan Strait (Formosa 7.2 -- D17 3F Strait) East China Sea (Tung Hai) 7.3 50 D13 3E Yellow Sea (Huang Hai, Hwang 7.4 51 D14 3Y Hai) Bo Hai (Bo Sea, Gulf of 7.5 -- D16 3X Chihli) Liaodong Wan (Liaodong Gulf) 7.6 -- -- -- Inland Sea of Japan (Seto 7.7 53 -- 3N Naikai) Sea of Japan (Japan Sea) 7.8 52 D11 3J Gulf of Tartary 7.9 -- D10 -- Sea of Okhotsk 7.10 54 D8 3Q Bering Sea 7.11 55 D6 5D Anadyrskiy Zaliv (Anadyrskiy 7.12 -- -- 5Y Gulf) Gulf of Alaska 7.13 58 D4 5F Coastal Waters of Southeast 7.14 59 D3 5E Alaska and British Columbia Gulf of California 7.15 60 D2 3L Gulf of Panama 7.16 -- D1 -- Amurskiy Liman -- -- D27 -- Bering Strait -- -- D7 5R Bristol Bay -- -- D5 -- Korea Bay -- -- D15 3R Korea Strait -- -- D12 -- Sakhalinskiy Zaliv -- -- D28 3B Zaliv Shelikhova (Zaliv -- -- D9 3K Shelekhova) Luzon Strait -- -- -- 3I Tatar Strait -- -- -- 3D PACIFIC OCEAN (see North -- -- -- -- Pacific Ocean and South Pacific Ocean) SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN 4 32 C 2A Rio de la Plata 4.1 33 C1 2R Drake Passage -- -- C5 2D Golfo San Matias -- -- C2 2M Golfo San Jorge -- -- C3 2J Scotia Sea -- -- C6 2S Weddell Sea -- -- C7 2W SOUTH CHINA AND EASTERN 6 49 and 48 D18 plus 3U plus ARCHIPELAGIC SEAS others others South China Sea (Nan Hai) 6.1 49 D18 3U Gulf of Tonkin 6.2 -- D19 3G Gulf of Thailand (Gulf of 6.3 47 D20 3T Siam) Natuna Sea 6.4 -- -- -- Singapore Strait 6.5 46 (b) -- 3Z Sunda Strait 6.6 -- -- -- Java Sea (Jawa Sea) 6.7 48 (n) F13 4J Makassar Strait (Makasar 6.8 48 (m) E1 4M Strait) Bali Sea 6.9 48 (l) F14 4L Flores Sea 6.10 48 (j) F16 4F Sumba Strait 6.11 -- -- -- Savu Sea (Sawu Sea) 6.12 48 (o) F15 6S Timor Sea 6.13 48 (i) F19 6T Joseph Bonaparte Gulf 6.14 -- F20 -- Gulf of Carpentaria 6.15 -- E4 4P Arafura Sea 6.16 48 (h) E3 4U Aru Sea 6.17 -- -- -- Banda Sea 6.18 48 (g) E2 4B Teluk Bone (Gulf of Bone, 6.19 48 (k) F17 4E Gulf of Boni) Ceram Sea (Seram Sea) 6.20 48 (f) D25 4Q Gulf of Berau 6.21 -- -- -- Halmahera Sea 6.22 48 (e) D24 3H Molucca Sea (Molukka Sea, 6.23 48 (c) D23 3M Maluku Sea) Teluk Tomini (Gulf of Tomini) 6.24 48 (d) F18 3V Sulawesi Sea 6.25 -- -- -- Mindanao Sea 6.26 -- -- -- Sulu Sea 6.27 48 (a) D21 3S Celebes Sea -- 48 (b) D22 3C SOUTH PACIFIC OCEAN 8 61 E 4A Bismarck Sea 8.1 66 E6 4K Solomon Sea 8.2 65 E7 4S Torres Strait 8.3 -- E5 -- Coastal Waters of Great 8.4 -- -- -- Barrier Reefs Coral Sea 8.5 64 E9 4C Tasman Sea 8.6 63 E10 4T Bass Strait 8.7 62 A F22 6F Amundsen Sea -- -- E12 4D Bellingshausen Sea -- -- E13 4G Cook Strait -- -- E8 -- Ross Sea -- -- E11 4R * The letters after the numbers are subdivisions, not footnotes.

Countries, Dependencies, Areas of Special Sovereignty, and Their Principal Administrative Divisions (FIPS PUB 10-4) is maintained by the Office of the Geographer and Global Issues (Department of State) and published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (Department of Commerce). These two-character alphabetic codes are included in the text of the Factbook in the Data code entry under the Government category. FIPS 10-4 codes are intended for general use throughout the US Government, especially in activities associated with the mission of the Department of State and national defense programs.

Countries, Dependencies, Areas of Special Sovereignty, and Their Principal Administrative Divisions (FIPS PUB 10-4) is maintained by the Office of the Geographer and Global Issues (Department of State) and published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (Department of Commerce). These two-character alphabetic codes are included in the text of the Factbook in the Data code entry under the Government category. FIPS 10-4 codes are intended for general use throughout the US Government, especially in activities associated with the mission of the Department of State and national defense programs.

Limits of Oceans and Seas, Special Publication 23, 3rd Edition 1953, published by the International Hydrographic Organization

Limits of Oceans and Seas, Special Publication 23, Draft 4th Edition 1986, published by the International Hydrographic Bureau of the International Hydrographic Organization

Codes for the Representation of Names of Countries (ISO 3166) is prepared by the International Organization for Standardization. ISO 3166 includes two- and three-character alphabetic codes and three-digit numeric codes that may be needed for activities involving exchange of data with international organizations that have adopted that standard. Except for the numeric codes, ISO 3166 codes have been adopted in the US as FIPS 104-1: American National Standard Codes for the Representation of Names of Countries, Dependencies, and Areas of Special Sovereignty for Information Interchange.

Codes for the Representation of Names of Countries (ISO 3166) is prepared by the International Organization for Standardization. ISO 3166 includes two- and three-character alphabetic codes and three-digit numeric codes that may be needed for activities involving exchange of data with international organizations that have adopted that standard. Except for the numeric codes, ISO 3166 codes have been adopted in the

This is a provisional compilation that generally agrees with the ISO 3166 two-character alphabetic codes. Entity FIPS ISO ISO ISO Interne Comment 10-4 316 316 316 t 6 6 6 Afghanistan AF AF AFG 004 AF Albania AL AL ALB 008 AL Algeria AG DZ DZA 012 DZ American AQ AS ASM 016 AS Samoa Andorra AN AD AND 020 AD Angola AO AO AGO 024 AO Anguilla AV AI AIA 660 AI Antarctica AY AQ ATA 010 AQ ISO defines as the territory south of 60 degrees south latitude Antigua and AC AG ATG 028 AG Barbuda Argentina AR AR ARG 032 AR Armenia AM AM ARM 051 AM Aruba AA AW ABW 533 AW Ashmore and AT -- -- -- -- ISO includes with Cartier Australia Australia AS AU AUS 036 AU ISO includes Ashmore and Cartier Islands,Coral Sea Islands Austria AU AT AUT 040 AT Azerbaijan AJ AZ AZE 031 AZ The Bahamas BF BS BHS 044 BS Bahrain BA BH BHR 048 BH Baker Island FQ -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the US Minor Outlying Islands Bangladesh BG BD BGD 050 BD Barbados BB BB BRB 052 BB Bassas da BS -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the India Miscellaneous (French) Indian Ocean Islands Belarus BO BY BLR 112 BY Belgium BE BE BEL 056 BE Belize BH BZ BLZ 084 BZ Benin BN BJ BEN 204 BJ Bermuda BD BM BMU 060 BM Bhutan BT BT BTN 064 BT Bolivia BL BO BOL 068 BO Bosnia and BK BA BIH 070 BA Herzegovina Botswana BC BW BWA 072 BW Bouvet Island BV BV BVT 074 BV Brazil BR BR BRA 076 BR British IO IO IOT 086 IO Indian Ocean Territory British VI VG VGB 092 VG Virgin Islands Brunei BX BN BRN 096 BN Bulgaria BU BG BGR 100 BG Burkina Faso UV BF BFA 854 BF Burma BM MM MMR 104 MM ISO uses the name Myanmar Burundi BY BI BDI 108 BI Cambodia CB KH KHM 116 KH Cameroon CM CM CMR 120 CM Canada CA CA CAN 124 CA Cape Verde CV CV CPV 132 CV Cayman CJ KY CYM 136 KY Islands Central CT CF CAF 140 CF African Republic Chad CD TD TCD 148 TD Chile CI CL CHL 152 CL China CH CN CHN 156 CN see also Taiwan Christmas KT CX CXR 162 CX Island Clipperton IP -- -- -- -- ISO includes with Island French Polynesia Cocos CK CC CCK 166 CC (Keeling) Islands Colombia CO CO COL 170 CO Comoros CN KM COM 174 KM Congo, CG ZR ZAR 180 ZR formerly Zaire Democratic Republic of the Congo, CF CG COG 178 CG Republic of the Cook Islands CW CK COK 184 CK Coral Sea CR -- -- -- -- ISO includes with Islands Australia Costa Rica CS CR CRI 188 CR Cote d'Ivoire IV CI CIV 384 CI Croatia HR HR HRV 191 HR Cuba CU CU CUB 192 CU Cyprus CY CY CYP 196 CY Czech EZ CZ CZE 203 CZ Republic Denmark DA DK DNK 208 DK Djibouti DJ DJ DJI 262 DJ Dominica DO DM DMA 212 DM Dominican DR DO DOM 214 DO Republic East Timor -- TP TMP 626 TP FIPS includes with Indonesia Ecuador EC EC ECU 218 EC Egypt EG EG EGY 818 EG El Salvador ES SV SLV 222 SV Equatorial EK GQ GNQ 226 GQ Guinea Eritrea ER ER ERI 232 ER Estonia EN EE EST 233 EE Ethiopia ET ET ETH 231 ET Europa Island EU -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the Miscellaneous (French) Indian Ocean Islands Falkland FA FK FLK 238 FK Islands (Islas Malvinas) Faroe Islands FO FO FRO 234 FO Fiji FJ FJ FJI 242 FJ Finland FI FI FIN 246 FI France FR FR FRA 250 FR France, -- FX FXX 249 FX ISO limits to the Metropolitan European part of France, excluding French Guiana, French Polynesia, French Southern and Antarctic Lands, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Mayotte, New Caledonia, Reunion, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Wallis and Futuna French Guiana FG GF GUF 254 GF French FP PF PYF 258 PF ISO includes Clipperton Polynesia Island French FS TF ATF 260 -- FIPS 10-4 does not Southern and include the French- Antarctic claimed portion of Lands Antarctica (Terre Adelie) Gabon GB GA GAB 266 GA The Gambia GA GM GMB 270 GM Gaza Strip GZ -- -- -- -- Georgia GG GE GEO 268 GE Germany GM DE DEU 276 DE Ghana GH GH GHA 288 GH Gibraltar GI GI GIB 292 GI Glorioso GO -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the Islands Miscellaneous (French) Indian Ocean Islands Greece GR GR GRC 300 GR Greenland GL GL GRL 304 GL Grenada GJ GD GRD 308 GD Guadeloupe GP GP GLP 312 GP Guam GQ GU GUM 316 GU Guatemala GT GT GTM 320 GT Guernsey GK -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the United Kingdom Guinea GV GN GIN 324 GN Guinea-Bissau PU GW GNB 624 GW Guyana GY GY GUY 328 GY Haiti HA HT HTI 332 HT Heard Island HM HM HMD 334 HM and McDonald Islands Holy See VT VA VAT 336 VA (Vatican City) Honduras HO HN HND 340 HN Hong Kong HK HK HKG 344 HK Howland HQ -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the Island US Minor Outlying Islands Hungary HU HU HUN 348 HU Iceland IC IS ISL 352 IS India IN IN IND 356 IN Indonesia ID ID IDN 360 ID Iran IR IR IRN 364 IR Iraq IZ IQ IRQ 368 IQ Ireland EI IE IRL 372 IE Israel IS IL ISR 376 IL Italy IT IT ITA 380 IT Jamaica JM JM JAM 388 JM Jan Mayen JN -- -- -- -- ISO includes with Svalbard Japan JA JP JPN 392 JP Jarvis Island DQ -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the US Minor Outlying Islands Jersey JE -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the United Kingdom Johnston JQ -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the Atoll US Minor Outlying Islands Jordan JO JO JOR 400 JO Juan de Nova JU -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the Island Miscellaneous (French) Indian Ocean Islands Kazakhstan KZ KZ KAZ 398 KZ Kenya KE KE KEN 404 KE Kingman Reef KQ -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the US Minor Outlying Islands Kiribati KR KI KIR 296 KI Korea, North KN KP PRK 408 KP Korea, South KS KR KOR 410 KR Kuwait KU KW KWT 414 KW Kyrgyzstan KG KG KGZ 417 KG Laos LA LA LAO 418 LA Latvia LG LV LVA 428 LV Lebanon LE LB LBN 422 LB Lesotho LT LS LSO 426 LS Liberia LI LR LBR 430 LR Libya LY LY LBY 434 LY Liechtenstein LS LI LIE 438 LI Lithuania LH LT LTU 440 LT Luxembourg LU LU LUX 442 LU Macau MC MO MAC 446 MO Macedonia, MK MK MKD 807 MK The Former Yugoslav Republic of Madagascar MA MG MDG 450 MG Malawi MI MW MWI 454 MW Malaysia MY MY MYS 458 MY Maldives MV MV MDV 462 MV Mali ML ML MLI 466 ML Malta MT MT MLT 470 MT Man, Isle of IM -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the United Kingdom Marshall RM MH MHL 584 MH Islands Martinique MB MQ MTQ 474 MQ Mauritania MR MR MRT 478 MR Mauritius MP MU MUS 480 MU Mayotte MF YT MYT 175 YT Mexico MX MX MEX 484 MX Micronesia, FM FSM 583 FM Federated States of Midway MQ -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the Islands US Minor Outlying Islands Miscellaneous -- -- -- -- ISO includes Bassas da (French) India, Europa Island, Glorioso Islands, Juan de Nova Island, Tromelin Island Moldova MD MD MDA 498 MD Monaco MN MC MCO 492 MC Mongolia MG MN MNG 496 MN Montenegro* MW -- -- -- -- see footnote at end of table Montserrat MH MS MSR 500 MS Morocco MO MA MAR 504 MA Mozambique MZ MZ MOZ 508 MZ Myanmar -- -- -- -- -- see Burma Namibia WA NA NAM 516 NA Nauru NR NR NRU 520 NR Navassa BQ -- -- -- -- Island Nepal NP NP NPL 524 NP Netherlands NL NL NLD 528 NL Netherlands NT AN ANT 530 AN Antilles New Caledonia NC NC NCL 540 NC New Zealand NZ NZ NZL 554 NZ Nicaragua NU NI NIC 558 NI Niger NG NE NER 562 NE Nigeria NI NG NGA 566 NG Niue NE NU NIU 570 NU Norfolk NF NF NFK 574 NF Island Northern CQ MP MNP 580 MP Mariana Islands Norway NO NO NOR 578 NO Oman MU OM OMN 512 OM Pakistan PK PK PAK 586 PK Palau PS PW PLW 585 PW Palmyra Atoll LQ -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the US Minor Outlying Islands Panama PM PA PAN 591 PA Papua New PP PG PNG 598 PG Guinea Paracel PF -- -- -- -- Islands Paraguay PA PY PRY 600 PY Peru PE PE PER 604 PE Philippines RP PH PHL 608 PH Pitcairn PC PN PCN 612 PN Islands Poland PL PL POL 616 PL Portugal PO PT PRT 620 PT Puerto Rico RQ PR PRI 630 PR Qatar QA QA QAT 634 QA Reunion RE RE REU 638 RE Romania RO RO ROM 642 RO Russia RS RU RUS 643 RU Rwanda RW RW RWA 646 RW Saint Helena SH SH SHN 654 SH Saint Kitts SC KN KNA 659 KN and Nevis Saint Lucia ST LC LCA 662 LC Saint Pierre SB PM SPM 666 PM and Miquelon Saint Vincent VC VC VCT 670 VC and the Grenadines Samoa WS WS WSM 882 WS -- San Marino SM SM SMR 674 SM Sao Tome and TP ST STP 678 ST Principe Saudi Arabia SA SA SAU 682 SA Senegal SG SN SEN 686 SN Serbia* SR -- -- -- -- see footnote at end of table Serbia and -- -- -- -- -- see footnote at end of Montenegro* table Seychelles SE SC SYC 690 SC Sierra Leone SL SL SLE 694 SL Singapore SN SG SGP 702 SG Slovakia LO SK SVK 703 SK Slovenia SI SI SVN 705 SI Solomon BP SB SLB 090 SB Islands Somalia SO SO SOM 706 SO South Africa SF ZA ZAF 710 ZA South Georgia SX GS SGS 239 GS and the South Sandwich Islands Spain SP ES ESP 724 ES Spratly PG -- -- -- -- Islands Sri Lanka CE LK LKA 144 LK Sudan SU SD SDN 736 SD Suriname NS SR SUR 740 SR Svalbard SV SJ SJM 744 SJ ISO includes Jan Mayen Swaziland WZ SZ SWZ 748 SZ Sweden SW SE SWE 752 SE Switzerland SZ CH CHE 756 CH Syria SY SY SYR 760 SY Taiwan TW TW TWN 158 TW Tajikistan TI TJ TJK 762 TJ Tanzania TZ TZ TZA 834 TZ Thailand TH TH THA 764 TH Togo TO TG TGO 768 TG Tokelau TL TK TKL 772 TK Tonga TN TO TON 776 TO Trinidad and TD TT TTO 780 TT Tobago Tromelin TE -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the Island Miscellaneous (French) Indian Ocean Islands Tunisia TS TN TUN 788 TN Turkey TU TR TUR 792 TR Turkmenistan TX TM TKM 795 TM Turks and TK TC TCA 796 TC Caicos Islands Tuvalu TV TV TUV 798 TV Uganda UG UG UGA 800 UG Ukraine UP UA UKR 804 UA United Arab TC AE ARE 784 AE Emirates United UK GB GBR 826 UK/GB ISO includes Guernsey, Kingdom Isle of Man, Jersey United States US US USA 840 US United States -- UM UMI 581 UM ISO includes Baker Minor Island, Howland Island, Outlying Jarvis Island, Johnston Islands Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Islands, Palmyra Atoll, Wake Island Uruguay UY UY URY 858 UY Uzbekistan UZ UZ UZB 860 UZ Vanuatu NH VU VUT 548 VU Venezuela VE VE VEN 862 UE Vietnam VM VN VNM 704 VN Virgin VQ VI VIR 850 VI Islands Virgin -- -- -- -- -- see British Virgin Islands (UK) Islands Virgin -- -- -- -- -- see Virgin Islands Islands (US) Wake Atoll WQ -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the US Minor Outlying Islands Wallis and WF WF WLF 876 WF Futuna West Bank WE -- -- -- -- Western WI EH ESH 732 EH Sahara Western Samoa -- -- -- -- -- see Samoa World -- -- -- -- -- the Factbook uses the W data code from DIAM 65- -18 Geopolitical Data Elements and Related Features, Data Standard No. 3, December 1994, published by the Defense Intelligence Agency Yemen YM YE YEM 887 YE Yugoslavia* -- YU YUG 891 YU see footnote at end of table Zaire -- -- -- -- -- see Democratic Republic of the Congo Zambia ZA ZM ZWB 894 ZM Zimbabwe ZI ZW ZWE 716 ZW Serbia and Montenegro have asserted the formation of a joint independent state,but this entity has not been formally recognized as a state by the US; the US view is that the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) has dissolved and that none of the successor republics represents its continuation.

This is a provisional compilation that generally agrees with the ISO 3166 two-character alphabetic codes. Entity FIPS ISO ISO ISO Interne Comment 10-4 3166 3166 3166 t Afghanistan AF AF AFG 004 AF Albania AL AL ALB 008 AL Algeria AG DZ DZA 012 DZ American AQ AS ASM 016 AS Samoa Andorra AN AD AND 020 AD Angola AO AO AGO 024 AO Anguilla AV AI AIA 660 AI Antarctica AY AQ ATA 010 AQ ISO defines as the territory south of 60 degrees south latitude Antigua and AC AG ATG 028 AG Barbuda Argentina AR AR ARG 032 AR Armenia AM AM ARM 051 AM Aruba AA AW ABW 533 AW Ashmore and AT -- -- -- -- ISO includes with Australia Cartier Australia AS AU AUS 036 AU ISO includes Ashmore and Cartier Islands,Coral Sea Islands Austria AU AT AUT 040 AT Azerbaijan AJ AZ AZE 031 AZ The Bahamas BF BS BHS 044 BS Bahrain BA BH BHR 048 BH Baker Island FQ -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the US Minor Outlying Islands Bangladesh BG BD BGD 050 BD Barbados BB BB BRB 052 BB Bassas da BS -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the India Miscellaneous (French) Indian Ocean Islands Belarus BO BY BLR 112 BY Belgium BE BE BEL 056 BE Belize BH BZ BLZ 084 BZ Benin BN BJ BEN 204 BJ Bermuda BD BM BMU 060 BM Bhutan BT BT BTN 064 BT Bolivia BL BO BOL 068 BO Bosnia and BK BA BIH 070 BA Herzegovina Botswana BC BW BWA 072 BW Bouvet Island BV BV BVT 074 BV Brazil BR BR BRA 076 BR British IO IO IOT 086 IO Indian Ocean Territory British VI VG VGB 092 VG Virgin Islands Brunei BX BN BRN 096 BN Bulgaria BU BG BGR 100 BG Burkina Faso UV BF BFA 854 BF Burma BM MM MMR 104 MM ISO uses the name Myanmar Burundi BY BI BDI 108 BI Cambodia CB KH KHM 116 KH Cameroon CM CM CMR 120 CM Canada CA CA CAN 124 CA Cape Verde CV CV CPV 132 CV Cayman CJ KY CYM 136 KY Islands Central CT CF CAF 140 CF African Republic Chad CD TD TCD 148 TD Chile CI CL CHL 152 CL China CH CN CHN 156 CN see also Taiwan Christmas KT CX CXR 162 CX Island Clipperton IP -- -- -- -- ISO includes with French Island Polynesia Cocos CK CC CCK 166 CC (Keeling) Islands Colombia CO CO COL 170 CO Comoros CN KM COM 174 KM Congo, CG ZR ZAR 180 ZR formerly Zaire Democratic Republic of the Congo, CF CG COG 178 CG Republic of the Cook Islands CW CK COK 184 CK Coral Sea CR -- -- -- -- ISO includes with Australia Islands Costa Rica CS CR CRI 188 CR Cote d'Ivoire IV CI CIV 384 CI Croatia HR HR HRV 191 HR Cuba CU CU CUB 192 CU Cyprus CY CY CYP 196 CY Czech EZ CZ CZE 203 CZ Republic Denmark DA DK DNK 208 DK Djibouti DJ DJ DJI 262 DJ Dominica DO DM DMA 212 DM Dominican DR DO DOM 214 DO Republic East Timor -- TP TMP 626 TP FIPS includes with Indonesia Ecuador EC EC ECU 218 EC Egypt EG EG EGY 818 EG El Salvador ES SV SLV 222 SV Equatorial EK GQ GNQ 226 GQ Guinea Eritrea ER ER ERI 232 ER Estonia EN EE EST 233 EE Ethiopia ET ET ETH 231 ET Europa Island EU -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the Miscellaneous (French) Indian Ocean Islands Falkland FA FK FLK 238 FK Islands (Islas Malvinas) Faroe Islands FO FO FRO 234 FO Fiji FJ FJ FJI 242 FJ Finland FI FI FIN 246 FI France FR FR FRA 250 FR France, -- FX FXX 249 FX ISO limits to the European Metropolitan part of France, excluding French Guiana, French Polynesia, French Southern and Antarctic Lands, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Mayotte, New Caledonia, Reunion, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Wallis and Futuna French Guiana FG GF GUF 254 GF French FP PF PYF 258 PF ISO includes Clipperton Polynesia Island French FS TF ATF 260 -- FIPS 10-4 does not include Southern and the French-claimed portion Antarctic of Antarctica (Terre Adelie) Lands Gabon GB GA GAB 266 GA The Gambia GA GM GMB 270 GM Gaza Strip GZ -- -- -- -- Georgia GG GE GEO 268 GE Germany GM DE DEU 276 DE Ghana GH GH GHA 288 GH Gibraltar GI GI GIB 292 GI Glorioso GO -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the Islands Miscellaneous (French) Indian Ocean Islands Greece GR GR GRC 300 GR Greenland GL GL GRL 304 GL Grenada GJ GD GRD 308 GD Guadeloupe GP GP GLP 312 GP Guam GQ GU GUM 316 GU Guatemala GT GT GTM 320 GT Guernsey GK -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the United Kingdom Guinea GV GN GIN 324 GN Guinea-Bissau PU GW GNB 624 GW Guyana GY GY GUY 328 GY Haiti HA HT HTI 332 HT Heard Island HM HM HMD 334 HM and McDonald Islands Holy See VT VA VAT 336 VA (Vatican City) Honduras HO HN HND 340 HN Hong Kong HK HK HKG 344 HK Howland HQ -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the US Island Minor Outlying Islands Hungary HU HU HUN 348 HU Iceland IC IS ISL 352 IS India IN IN IND 356 IN Indonesia ID ID IDN 360 ID Iran IR IR IRN 364 IR Iraq IZ IQ IRQ 368 IQ Ireland EI IE IRL 372 IE Israel IS IL ISR 376 IL Italy IT IT ITA 380 IT Jamaica JM JM JAM 388 JM Jan Mayen JN -- -- -- -- ISO includes with Svalbard Japan JA JP JPN 392 JP Jarvis Island DQ -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the US Minor Outlying Islands Jersey JE -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the United Kingdom Johnston JQ -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the US Atoll Minor Outlying Islands Jordan JO JO JOR 400 JO Juan de Nova JU -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the Island Miscellaneous (French) Indian Ocean Islands Kazakhstan KZ KZ KAZ 398 KZ Kenya KE KE KEN 404 KE Kingman Reef KQ -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the US Minor Outlying Islands Kiribati KR KI KIR 296 KI Korea, North KN KP PRK 408 KP Korea, South KS KR KOR 410 KR Kuwait KU KW KWT 414 KW Kyrgyzstan KG KG KGZ 417 KG Laos LA LA LAO 418 LA Latvia LG LV LVA 428 LV Lebanon LE LB LBN 422 LB Lesotho LT LS LSO 426 LS Liberia LI LR LBR 430 LR Libya LY LY LBY 434 LY Liechtenstein LS LI LIE 438 LI Lithuania LH LT LTU 440 LT Luxembourg LU LU LUX 442 LU Macau MC MO MAC 446 MO Macedonia, MK MK MKD 807 MK The Former Yugoslav Republic of Madagascar MA MG MDG 450 MG Malawi MI MW MWI 454 MW Malaysia MY MY MYS 458 MY Maldives MV MV MDV 462 MV Mali ML ML MLI 466 ML Malta MT MT MLT 470 MT Man, Isle of IM -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the United Kingdom Marshall RM MH MHL 584 MH Islands Martinique MB MQ MTQ 474 MQ Mauritania MR MR MRT 478 MR Mauritius MP MU MUS 480 MU Mayotte MF YT MYT 175 YT Mexico MX MX MEX 484 MX Micronesia, FM FSM 583 FM Federated States of Midway MQ -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the US Islands Minor Outlying Islands Miscellaneous -- -- -- -- ISO includes Bassas da (French) India, Europa Island, Glorioso Islands, Juan de Nova Island, Tromelin Island Moldova MD MD MDA 498 MD Monaco MN MC MCO 492 MC Mongolia MG MN MNG 496 MN Montenegro* MW -- -- -- -- see footnote at end of table Montserrat MH MS MSR 500 MS Morocco MO MA MAR 504 MA Mozambique MZ MZ MOZ 508 MZ Myanmar -- -- -- -- -- see Burma Namibia WA NA NAM 516 NA Nauru NR NR NRU 520 NR Navassa BQ -- -- -- -- Island Nepal NP NP NPL 524 NP Netherlands NL NL NLD 528 NL Netherlands NT AN ANT 530 AN Antilles New Caledonia NC NC NCL 540 NC New Zealand NZ NZ NZL 554 NZ Nicaragua NU NI NIC 558 NI Niger NG NE NER 562 NE Nigeria NI NG NGA 566 NG Niue NE NU NIU 570 NU Norfolk NF NF NFK 574 NF Island Northern CQ MP MNP 580 MP Mariana Islands Norway NO NO NOR 578 NO Oman MU OM OMN 512 OM Pakistan PK PK PAK 586 PK Palau PS PW PLW 585 PW Palmyra Atoll LQ -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the US Minor Outlying Islands Panama PM PA PAN 591 PA Papua New PP PG PNG 598 PG Guinea Paracel PF -- -- -- -- Islands Paraguay PA PY PRY 600 PY Peru PE PE PER 604 PE Philippines RP PH PHL 608 PH Pitcairn PC PN PCN 612 PN Islands Poland PL PL POL 616 PL Portugal PO PT PRT 620 PT Puerto Rico RQ PR PRI 630 PR Qatar QA QA QAT 634 QA Reunion RE RE REU 638 RE Romania RO RO ROM 642 RO Russia RS RU RUS 643 RU Rwanda RW RW RWA 646 RW Saint Helena SH SH SHN 654 SH Saint Kitts SC KN KNA 659 KN and Nevis Saint Lucia ST LC LCA 662 LC Saint Pierre SB PM SPM 666 PM and Miquelon Saint Vincent VC VC VCT 670 VC and the Grenadines Samoa WS WS WSM 882 WS -- San Marino SM SM SMR 674 SM Sao Tome and TP ST STP 678 ST Principe Saudi Arabia SA SA SAU 682 SA Senegal SG SN SEN 686 SN Serbia* SR -- -- -- -- see footnote at end of table Serbia and -- -- -- -- -- see footnote at end of table Montenegro* Seychelles SE SC SYC 690 SC Sierra Leone SL SL SLE 694 SL Singapore SN SG SGP 702 SG Slovakia LO SK SVK 703 SK Slovenia SI SI SVN 705 SI Solomon BP SB SLB 090 SB Islands Somalia SO SO SOM 706 SO South Africa SF ZA ZAF 710 ZA South Georgia SX GS SGS 239 GS and the South Sandwich Islands Spain SP ES ESP 724 ES Spratly PG -- -- -- -- Islands Sri Lanka CE LK LKA 144 LK Sudan SU SD SDN 736 SD Suriname NS SR SUR 740 SR Svalbard SV SJ SJM 744 SJ ISO includes Jan Mayen Swaziland WZ SZ SWZ 748 SZ Sweden SW SE SWE 752 SE Switzerland SZ CH CHE 756 CH Syria SY SY SYR 760 SY Taiwan TW TW TWN 158 TW Tajikistan TI TJ TJK 762 TJ Tanzania TZ TZ TZA 834 TZ Thailand TH TH THA 764 TH Togo TO TG TGO 768 TG Tokelau TL TK TKL 772 TK Tonga TN TO TON 776 TO Trinidad and TD TT TTO 780 TT Tobago Tromelin TE -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the Island Miscellaneous (French) Indian Ocean Islands Tunisia TS TN TUN 788 TN Turkey TU TR TUR 792 TR Turkmenistan TX TM TKM 795 TM Turks and TK TC TCA 796 TC Caicos Islands Tuvalu TV TV TUV 798 TV Uganda UG UG UGA 800 UG Ukraine UP UA UKR 804 UA United Arab TC AE ARE 784 AE Emirates United UK GB GBR 826 UK/GB ISO includes Guernsey, Isle Kingdom of Man, Jersey United States US US USA 840 US United States -- UM UMI 581 UM ISO includes Baker Island, Minor Howland Island, Jarvis Outlying Island, Johnston Atoll, Islands Kingman Reef, Midway Islands, Palmyra Atoll, Wake Island Uruguay UY UY URY 858 UY Uzbekistan UZ UZ UZB 860 UZ Vanuatu NH VU VUT 548 VU Venezuela VE VE VEN 862 UE Vietnam VM VN VNM 704 VN Virgin VQ VI VIR 850 VI Islands Virgin -- -- -- -- -- see British Virgin Islands Islands (UK) Virgin -- -- -- -- -- see Virgin Islands Islands (US) Wake Atoll WQ -- -- -- -- ISO includes with the US Minor Outlying Islands Wallis and WF WF WLF 876 WF Futuna West Bank WE -- -- -- -- Western WI EH ESH 732 EH Sahara Western Samoa -- -- -- -- -- see Samoa World -- -- -- -- -- the Factbook uses the W data code from DIAM 65--18 Geopolitical Data Elements and Related Features, Data Standard No. 3, December 1994, published by the Defense Intelligence Agency Yemen YM YE YEM 887 YE Yugoslavia* -- YU YUG 891 YU see footnote at end of table Zaire -- -- -- -- -- see Democratic Republic of the Congo Zambia ZA ZM ZWB 894 ZM Zimbabwe ZI ZW ZWE 716 ZW Serbia and Montenegro have asserted the formation of a joint independent state, but this entity has not been formally recognized as a state by the US; the US view is that the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) has dissolved and that none of the successor republics represents its continuation.

At this time, only three countries--Burma, Liberia, and the US--have not adopted the International System of Units (SI, or metric system) as their official system of weights and measures. Although use of the metric system has been sanctioned by law in the US since 1866, it has been slow in displacing the American adaptation of the British Imperial System known as the US Customary System. The US is the only industrialized nation that does not mainly use the metric system in its commercial and standards activities, but there is increasing acceptance in science, medicine, government, and many sectors of industry.

AM 8, FM 18, shortwave 0

890,000 (1992 est.)

system was once one of the best in Africa, but now suffers from poor maintenance domestic: consists of microwave radio relay links, open-wire lines, and radiotelephone communication stations international: satellite earth station--1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)

301,000 (1990 est.)

16 (1997)

280,000 (1992 est.)

American National Standard Codes for the Representation of Names of Countries, Dependencies, and Areas of Special Sovereignty for Information Interchange.

corn, cotton, tobacco, wheat, coffee, sugarcane, peanuts; cattle, sheep, goats, pigs

revenues: $2.5 billion expenditures: $2.9 billion, including capital expenditures of $279 million (FY96/97 est.)

1 Zimbabwean dollar (Z$) = 100 cents

$5 billion (1998)

$437.6 million (1995)

The government of Zimbabwe faces a wide variety of difficult economic problems as it struggles to consolidate earlier progress in developing a market-oriented economy. Its involvement in the war in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, for example, has already drained hundreds of millions of dollars from the economy. Badly needed support from the IMF suffers delays in part because of the country's failure to meet budgetary goals. Inflation rose from an annual rate of 25% in January 1998 to 47% in December and will almost certainly continue to increase in 1999. The economy is being steadily weakened by AIDS; Zimbabwe has one of the highest rates of infection in the world. Per capita GDP, which is twice the average of the poorer sub-Saharan nations, will increase little if any in the near-term, and Zimbabwe will suffer continued frustrations in developing its agricultural and mineral resources.

10.769 billion kWh (1996)

1 million kWh (1996)

2.27 billion kWh (1996)

8.5 billion kWh (1996)

fossil fuel: 71.76% hydro: 28.24% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1996)

Zimbabwean dollars (Z$) per US$1--39.3701 (January 1999), 21.4133 (1998), 11.8906 (1997), 9.9206 (1996), 8.6580 (1995), 8.1500 (1994)

$1.7 billion (f.o.b., 1998 est.)

tobacco, gold, ferroalloys, cotton (1997)

South Africa 12%, UK 11%, Germany 8%, Japan 6%, US 6% (1997 est.)

1 July--30 June

purchasing power parity--$26.2 billion (1998 est.)

agriculture: 28% industry: 32% services: 40% (1997 est.)

purchasing power parity?$2,400 (1998 est.)

1.5% (1998 est.)

lowest 10%: 1.8% highest 10%: 46.9% (1990)

$2 billion (f.o.b., 1998 est.)

machinery and transport equipment 39%, other manufactures 18%, chemicals 15%, fuels 10% (1997 est.)

South Africa 37%, UK 7%, US 6%, Japan 6% (1997 est.)

10% (1994)

mining (coal, clay, numerous metallic and nonmetallic ores), copper, steel, nickel, tin, wood products, cement, chemicals, fertilizer, clothing and footwear, foodstuffs, beverages

32% (1998 est.)

5 million (1997 est.)

NA

25.5% (1990-91 est.)

at least 45% (1994 est.)

total: 390,580 sq km land: 386,670 sq km water: 3,910 sq km

slightly larger than Montana

tropical; moderated by altitude; rainy season (November to March)

0 km (landlocked)

lowest point: junction of the Runde and Save rivers 162 m highest point: Inyangani 2,592 m

deforestation; soil erosion; land degradation; air and water pollution; the black rhinoceros herd--once the largest concentration of the species in the world--has been significantly reduced by poaching

party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

20 00 S, 30 00 E

landlocked

1,930 sq km (1993 est.)

total: 3,066 km border countries: Botswana 813 km, Mozambique 1,231 km, South Africa 225 km, Zambia 797 km

arable land: 7% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 13% forests and woodland: 23% other: 57% (1993 est.)

Southern Africa, northeast of Botswana

Africa

none (landlocked)

recurring droughts; floods and severe storms are rare

coal, chromium ore, asbestos, gold, nickel, copper, iron ore, vanadium, lithium, tin, platinum group metals

mostly high plateau with higher central plateau (high veld); mountains in east

8 provinces and 2 cities* with provincial status; Bulawayo*, Harare*, Manicaland, Mashonaland Central, Mashonaland East, Mashonaland West, Masvingo, Matabeleland North, Matabeleland South, Midlands

Harare

21 December 1979

conventional long form: Republic of Zimbabwe conventional short form: Zimbabwe former: Southern Rhodesia

ZI

chief of mission: Ambassador Thomas McDONALD embassy: 172 Herbert Chitepo Avenue, Harare mailing address: P. O. Box 3340, Harare

chief of mission: Ambassador Amos Bernard Muvengwa MIDZI chancery: 1608 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009

chief of state: Executive President Robert Gabriel MUGABE (since 31 December 1987); Co-Vice Presidents Simon Vengai MUZENDA (since 31 December 1987) and Joshua M. NKOMO (since 6 August 1990); note--the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: Executive President Robert Gabriel MUGABE (since 31 December 1987); Co-Vice Presidents Simon Vengai MUZENDA (since 31 December 1987) and Joshua M. NKOMO (since 6 August 1990); note--the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president; responsible to the House of Assembly elections: president nominated by the House of Assembly for a six-year term (if more than one nomination, an electoral college consisting of members of the House of Assembly elects the president); election last held 26-27 March 1996 (next to be held NA March 2002); co-vice presidents appointed by the president election results: Robert Gabriel MUGABE reelected president; percent of electoral college vote--Robert Gabriel MUGABE 92.7%, Abel MUZOREWA 4.8%; Ndabaningi SITHOLE 2.4%

seven equal horizontal bands of green, yellow, red, black, red, yellow, and green with a white equilateral triangle edged in black based on the hoist side; a yellow Zimbabwe bird is superimposed on a red five-pointed star in the center of the triangle

parliamentary democracy

18 April 1980 (from UK)

ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, MONUA, NAM, OAU, OPCW, PCA, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO

Supreme Court

mixture of Roman-Dutch and English common law

unicameral parliament, called House of Assembly (150 seats--120 elected by popular vote for six-year terms, 12 nominated by the president, 10 occupied by traditional chiefs chosen by their peers, and 8 occupied by provincial governors) elections: last held 8-9 April 1995 (next to be held NA April 2001) election results: percent of vote by party--NA; seats by party--ZANU-PF 117, ZANU-Ndonga 2, independent 1

Independence Day, 18 April (1980)

Zimbabwe African National

18 years of age; universal

Zimbabwe National Army, Air Force of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe Republic Police (includes Police Support Unit, Paramilitary Police)

$427 million (FY97/98)

4.6% (FY97/98)

males age 15-49: 2,738,963 (1999 est.)

males age 15-49: 1,707,348 (1999 est.)

0-14 years: 43% (male 2,432,785; female 2,389,029) 15-64 years: 54% (male 2,986,531; female 3,059,186) 65 years and over: 3% (male 132,532; female 163,097) (1999 est.)

30.64 births/1,000 population (1999 est.)

20.43 deaths/1,000 population (1999 est.)

African 98% (Shona 71%, Ndebele 16%, other 11%), white 1%, mixed and Asian 1%

61.21 deaths/1,000 live births (1999 est.)

English (official), Shona, Sindebele (the language of the Ndebele, sometimes called Ndebele), numerous but minor tribal dialects

total population: 38.86 years male: 38.77 years female: 38.94 years (1999 est.)

definition: age 15 and over can read and write English total population: 85% male: 90% female: 80% (1995 est.)

noun: Zimbabwean(s) adjective: Zimbabwean

NA migrant(s)/1,000 population note: there is a small but steady flow of Zimbabweans into South Africa in search of better paid employment

11,163,160 (July 1999 est.)

1.02% (1999 est.)

syncretic (part Christian, part indigenous beliefs) 50%, Christian 25%, indigenous beliefs 24%, Muslim and other 1%

at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.81 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (1999 est.)

3.71 children born/woman (1999 est.)

Abbreviations A ABEDA Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa ACC Arab Cooperation Council ACCT Agence de Cooperation Culturelle et Technique; see Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation; changed name in 1996 to Agence de la francophonie or Agency for the French-Speaking Community ACP Group African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States AfDB African Development Bank AFESD Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development AG Andean Group; see Andean Community of Nations (CAN) Air Pollution Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution Air Pollution- Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Nitrogen Oxides Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution Concerning the Control of Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides or Their Transboundary Fluxes Air Pollution- Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Persistent Long-Range Transboundary Air Organic Pollution on Persistent Organic Pollutants Pollutants Air Pollution- Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Sulphur 85 Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on the Reduction of Sulphur Emissions or Their Transboundary Fluxes by at Least 30% Air Pollution- Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Sulphur 94 Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on Further Reduction of Sulphur Emissions Air Pollution- Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Volatile Organic Long-Range Transboundary Air Compounds Pollution Concerning the Control of Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds or Their Transboundary Fluxes AL Arab League ALADI Asociacion Latinoamericana de Integracion; see Latin American Integration Association (LAIA) AMF Arab Monetary Fund AMU Arab Maghreb Union Ancom Andean Common Market; see Andean Community ofNations (CAN) Antarctic- Protocol on Environmental Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty Protocol ANZUS Australia-New Zealand-United States Security Treaty APEC Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation Arabsat Arab Satellite Communications Organization AsDB Asian Development Bank ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations Autodin Automatic Digital Network B BAD Banque africaine de developpement; see African Development Bank (AfDB) BADEA Banque Arabe de Developpement Economique en Afrique; see Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (ABEDA) BCIE Banco Centroamericano de Integracion Economico; see Central American Bank for Economic Integration (BCIE) BDEAC Banque de Developpment des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale; see Central African States Development Bank (BDEAC) Benelux Benelux Economic Union BID Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo; see Inter-American Development Bank (IADB) Biodiversity Convention on Biological Diversity BIS Bank for International Settlements BOAD Banque Ouest-Africaine de Developpement; see West African Development Bank (WADB) BSEC Black Sea Economic Cooperation Zone C C Commonwealth CACM Central American Common Market CAEU Council of Arab Economic Unity CAN Andean Community of Nations Caricom Caribbean Community and Common Market CB citizen's band mobile radio communications CBSS Council of the Baltic Sea States CCC Customs Cooperation Council CDB Caribbean Development Bank CE Council of Europe CEAO Communaute Economique de l'Afrique de l'Ouest; see West African Economic Community (CEAO) CEEAC Communaute Economique des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale; see Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC) CEI Central European Initiative CEMA Council for Mutual Economic Assistance; also known as CMEA or Comecon CEPGL Communaute Economique des Pays des Grands Lacs; see Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries (CEPGL) CERN Conseil Europeen pour la Recherche Nucleaire; see European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) CG Contadora Group c.i.f. cost, insurance, and freight CIS Commonwealth of Independent States CITES see Endangered Species Climate Change United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Climate Change- Kyoto Protocol to the United Kyoto Protocol Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change CMEA Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CEMA); also known as Comecon COCOM Coordinating Committee on Export Controls Comecon Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CEMA); also known as CMEA Comsat Communications Satellite Corporation CP Colombo Plan CSCE Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe; see Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) CY calendar year D DC developed country Desertification United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in Those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa DSN Defense Switched Network DWT deadweight ton E EADB East African Development Bank EAPC Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council EBRD European Bank for Reconstruction and Development EC European Community; see European Union (EU) ECA Economic Commission for Africa ECAFE Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East; see Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) ECE Economic Commission for Europe ECLA Economic Commission for Latin America; see Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) ECLAC Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean ECO Economic Cooperation Organization ECOSOC Economic and Social Council ECOWAS Economic Community of West African States ECSC European Coal and Steel Community; see European Union (EU) ECWA Economic Commission for Western Asia; see Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA) EEC European Economic Community; see European Union (EU) EFTA European Free Trade Association EIB European Investment Bank EMU European Monetary Union Endangered Convention on the International Species Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES) Entente Council of the Entente Environmental Convention on the Prohibition of Modification Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques ESA European Space Agency ESCAP Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific ESCWA Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia est. estimate EU European Union Euratom European Atomic Energy Community; see European Community (EC) Eutelsat European Telecommunications Satellite Organization Ex-Im Export-Import Bank of the United States F FAO Food and Agriculture Organization FAX facsimile f.o.b. free on board FLS Front Line States FRG Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany); used for information dated before 3 October 1990 or CY91 FSU former Soviet Union FY fiscal year (FY93/94, for example, began in calendar year 1993 and ended in calendar year 1994) FYROM The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia FZ Franc Zone G G-2 Group of 2 G-3 Group of 3 G-5 Group of 5 G-6 Group of 6 (not to be confused with the Big Six) G-7 Group of 7 G-8 Group of 8 G-9 Group of 9 G-10 Group of 10 G-11 Group of 11 G-15 Group of 15 G-19 Group of 19 G-24 Group of 24 G-30 Group of 30 G-33 Group of 33 G-77 Group of 77 GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade; subsumed by the World Trade Organization (WTrO) on 1 January 1995 GCC Gulf Cooperation Council GDP gross domestic product GDR German Democratic Republic (East Germany); used for information dated before 3 October 1990 or CY91 GNP gross national product GRT gross register ton GWP gross world product H Hazardous Wastes Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal HF high-frequency I IADB Inter-American Development Bank IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency IBEC International Bank for Economic Cooperation IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (World Bank) ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization ICC International Chamber of Commerce ICEM Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration; see International Organization for Migration (IOM) ICFTU International Confederation of Free Trade Unions; see World Confederation of Labor (WCL) ICJ International Court of Justice ICM Intergovernmental Committee for Migration; see International Organization for Migration (IOM) ICRC International Committee of the Red Cross ICRM International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement IDA International Development Association IDB Islamic Development Bank IEA International Energy Agency IFAD International Fund for Agricultural Development IFC International Finance Corporation IFCTU International Federation of Christian Trade Unions IFRCS International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies IGAD Inter-Governmental Authority on Development IGADD Inter-Governmental Authority on Drought and Development IHO International Hydrographic Organization IIB International Investment Bank ILO International Labor Organization IMCO Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization; see International Maritime Organization (IMO) IMF International Monetary Fund IMO International Maritime Organization Inmarsat International Mobile Satellite Organization InOC Indian Ocean Commission Intelsat International Telecommunications Satellite Organization Interpol International Criminal Police Organization Intersputnik International Organization of Space

quadripoint with Botswana, Namibia, and Zambia is in disagreement

significant transit point for African cannabis and South Asian heroin, mandrax, and methamphetamines destined for the South African and European markets

467 (1998 est.)

total: 18 over 3,047 m: 3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 9 (1998 est.)

total: 449 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 220 under 914 m: 225 (1998 est.)

total: 18,338 km paved: 8,692 km unpaved: 9,646 km (1996 est.)

petroleum products 212 km

Binga, Kariba

total: 2,759 km (1995) narrow gauge: 2,759 km 1.067-m gauge (313 km electrified; 42 km double track) (1995 est.)

the Mazoe and Zambezi rivers are used for transporting chrome ore from Harare to Mozambique