Nauru

parliamentary republic

name: no official capital; government offices in the Yaren District time difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

chief of state: President David ADEANG (since 30 October 2023) head of government: President David ADEANG (since 30 October 2023) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from among members of Parliament election/appointment process: president indirectly elected by Parliament for 3-year term (eligible for a second term) most recent election date: 14 October 2025 election results: 2025: David ADEAGN elected president (unopposed) 2023: David ADEAGN elected president over Delvin THOMA, 10-8 expected date of next election: 2028 note: the president is both chief of state and head of government

legislature name: Parliament legislative structure: unicameral number of seats: 19 (all directly elected) electoral system: plurality/majority scope of elections: Full renewal term in office: 3 years most recent election date: 10/11/2025 percentage of women in chamber: 10.5% expected date of next election: October 2028

highest court(s): Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and several justices) judge selection and term of office: judges appointed by the president to serve until age 65 subordinate courts: District Court, Family Court note: in 2017, the Nauruan Government revoked the 1976 High Court Appeals Act, which had allowed appeals beyond the Nauruan Supreme Court, and in 2018, the government formed its own appeals court

history: effective 29 January 1968 amendment process: proposed by Parliament; passage requires two-thirds majority vote of Parliament; amendments to constitutional articles, such as the republican form of government, protection of fundamental rights and freedoms, the structure and authorities of the executive and legislative branches, also require two-thirds majority of votes in a referendum

ACP, ADB, AOSIS, C, FAO, G-77, ICAO, ICCt, IFAD, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO

no regular military forces; Nauru Police Force

under the terms of a security deal signed in December 2024, Australia and Nauru agreed to deepen and expand security cooperation and consult and consider in the event of threats; Nauru pledged to seek Australia s agreement before it signed any bilateral accords on maritime security, defense, and policing, and would receive Australian financial assistance in support of Nauru's police and security needs Nauru has a "shiprider" agreement with the US, which allows local maritime law enforcement officers to embark on US Coast Guard (USCG) and US Navy (USN) vessels, including to board and search vessels suspected of violating laws or regulations within Nauru's designated exclusive economic zone (EEZ) or on the high seas; "shiprider" agreements also enable USCG personnel and USN vessels with embarked USCG law enforcement personnel to work with host nations to protect critical regional resources (2025)

$150.581 million (2024 est.) $147.976 million (2023 est.) $147.026 million (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars

$12,600 (2024 est.) $12,500 (2023 est.) $12,500 (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars

1.8% (2024 est.) 0.6% (2023 est.) 3% (2022 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency

2.6% (2022 est.) 2.4% (2021 est.) 1.8% (2020 est.) note: annual % change based on consumer prices

65% of GDP (2016 est.)

$64.931 million (2023 est.) $78.383 million (2022 est.) $54.403 million (2021 est.) note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars

$150.193 million (2023 est.) $165.371 million (2022 est.) $141.185 million (2021 est.) note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars

revenues: $199.74 million (2020 est.) expenditures: $157.86 million (2020 est.) note: central government revenues (excluding grants) and expenditures converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated

phosphate mining, offshore banking, coconut products

coconuts, tropical fruits, pork, eggs, pork offal, pork fat, chicken, papayas, vegetables, cabbages (2023) note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage

total: 9,930 (2025 est.) male: 4,874 female: 5,056

0.37% (2025 est.)

0-14 years: 29.6% (male 1,493/female 1,433) 15-64 years: 66% (male 3,220/female 3,309) 65 years and over: 4.4% (2024 est.) (male 143/female 294)

19.64 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)

6.55 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)

-9.37 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)

total population: 68.6 years (2024 est.) male: 65 years female: 72.3 years

urban population: 100% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 0.18% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Nauruan 94.6%, I-Kiribati 2.2%, Fijian 1.3%, other 1.9% (2021 est.)

Nauruan 93% (official, a distinct Pacific Island language), English 2% (widely understood, spoken, and used for most government and commercial purposes), other 5% (includes Gilbertese 2% and Chinese 2%) (2011 est.) note: data represent main language spoken at home; Nauruan is spoken by 95% of the population, English by 66%, and other languages by 12%

Protestant 60.4% (Nauruan Congregational 34.7%, Assemblies of God 11.6%, Pacific Light House 6.3%, Nauru Independent 3.6%, Baptist 1.5, Seventh Day Adventist 1.3%, other Protestant 1.4%), Roman Catholic 33.9%, other 4.2%, none 1.3%, no answer 0.3% (2021 est.)

total population: 96.6% (2023 est.) male: 93.4% (2023 est.) female: 99.7% (2023 est.)

phosphates, fish

refugees: 95 (2024 est.)

1 (2025)

total: 6 (2023) by type: other 6

total subscriptions: 10,300 (2022 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 87 (2022 est.)

percent of population: 82% (2020 est.)