Greenland

parliamentary democracy (Parliament of Greenland or Inatsisartut)

name: Nuuk geographic coordinates: 64 11 N, 51 45 W time difference: UTC-2 (3 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October time zone note: Greenland has three time zones etymology: nuuk is the Inuit word for "cape;" until 1979, the name was Godthab, from the Danish words meaning "good hope"

chief of state: King FREDERIK X of Denmark (since 14 January 2024), represented by High Commissioner Julie Praest WILCHE (since May 2022) (2024) head of government: Prime Minister Jens-Frederik NIELSEN (since 28 March 2025) cabinet: Self-rule Government (Naalakkersuisut) elected by the Parliament (Inatsisartut) election/appointment process: the monarchy is hereditary; high commissioner appointed by the monarch; premier indirectly elected by Parliament for a 4-year term election results: 2025: Jens-Frederik NIELSEN (D) elected premier 2021: Mute B. EGEDE elected premier; Parliament vote - Mute B. EGEDE (Inuit Ataqatigiit) unanimous 2014: Kim KIELSEN elected premier; Parliament vote - Kim KIELSEN (S) 27.2%, Sara OLSVIG (IA) 25.5%, Randi Vestergaard EVALDSEN (D) 19.5%, other 27.8%

legislature name: Parliament (Inatsisartut) legislative structure: unicameral number of seats: 31 (directly elected) electoral system: proportional representation scope of elections: full renewal term in office: 4 years most recent election date: 4/6/2021 parties elected and seats per party: IA (12); S (10); N (4); D (3); A (2) percentage of women in chamber: 35% expected date of next election: 2025 note: Greenland elects 2 members to the Danish Parliament to serve 4-year terms

highest court(s): High Court of Greenland (consists of the presiding professional judge and 2 lay assessors) judge selection and term of office: judges appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the Judicial Appointments Council, a 6-member independent body of judges and lawyers; judges appointed for life with retirement at age 70 subordinate courts: Court of Greenland; 18 district or magistrates' courts note: appeals beyond the High Court of Greenland can be heard by the Supreme Court (in Copenhagen)

history: previous 1953 (Greenland established as a constituency in the Danish constitution), 1979 (Greenland Home Rule Act); latest 21 June 2009 (Greenland Self-Government Act)

Arctic Council, ICC, NC, NIB, UPU

no regular military forces

the Danish military s Joint Arctic Command in Nuuk is responsible for coordinating Denmark's defense of Greenland the US Space Force maintains a base on Greenland s northwest coast, about 750 miles from the North Pole

$4.04 billion (2023 est.) $4.005 billion (2022 est.) $3.926 billion (2021 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars

$71,000 (2023 est.) $70,700 (2022 est.) $69,300 (2021 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars

0.9% (2023 est.) 2% (2022 est.) 1.6% (2021 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency

1.2% (2022 est.) 0% (2021 est.) 2.1% (2020 est.) note: annual % change based on consumer prices

$1.357 billion (2023 est.) $1.286 billion (2022 est.) $1.122 billion (2021 est.) note: GDP expenditure basis - exports of goods and services in current dollars

$1.7 billion (2023 est.) $1.657 billion (2022 est.) $1.635 billion (2021 est.) note: GDP expenditure basis - imports of goods and services in current dollars

revenues: $1.719 billion (2016 est.) expenditures: $1.594 billion (2016 est.)

fish processing (mainly shrimp and Greenland halibut), anorthosite and ruby mining, handicrafts, hides and skins, small shipyards

sheep, cattle, reindeer, fish, shellfish

total: 57,751 (2024 est.) male: 29,843 female: 27,908

-0.08% (2025 est.)

0-14 years: 20.4% (male 5,964/female 5,798) 15-64 years: 67.1% (male 20,050/female 18,711) 65 years and over: 12.5% (2024 est.) (male 3,829/female 3,399)

13.32 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)

9.29 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)

-4.82 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)

total population: 74.5 years (2024 est.) male: 71.8 years female: 77.3 years

urban population: 87.9% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 0.41% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Greenlandic 88.1%, Danish 7.1%, Filipino 1.6%, other Nordic peoples 0.9%, and other 2.3% (2024 est.) note: data represent population by country of birth

Greenlandic, Danish, English note: West Greenlandic or Kalaallisut is the official language; Tunumiisut (East Greenlandic) and Inuktun (Polar Inuit Greenlandic) are considered dialects of Kalaallisut and spoken by about 10% of Greenlanders

Evangelical Lutheran, traditional Inuit spiritual beliefs

coal, iron ore, lead, zinc, molybdenum, diamonds, gold, platinum, niobium, tantalite, uranium, fish, seals, whales, hydropower, possible oil and gas

25 (2025)

total: 10 (2023) by type: other 10

total subscriptions: 67,000 (2021 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 118 (2021 est.)

percent of population: 70% (2017 est.)