Back to Country Profile
Historical Values
Year Value
1990 29 January 1968
1991 29 January 1968
1992 29 January 1968
1993 29 January 1968
1994 29 January 1968
1995 29 January 1968
1996 29 January 1968
1997 29 January 1968
1998 29 January 1968
1999 29 January 1968
2000 29 January 1968
2001 29 January 1968
2002 29 January 1968
2003 29 January 1968
2004 29 January 1968
2005 29 January 1968; amended 17 May 1968 (Constitution Day)
2006 29 January 1968; amended 17 May 1968 (Constitution Day)
2007 29 January 1968; amended 17 May 1968 (Constitution Day)
2008 29 January 1968; amended 17 May 1968 (Constitution Day)
2009 29 January 1968; amended 17 May 1968
2010 29 January 1968; amended 17 May 1968
2011 29 January 1968; amended 17 May 1968
2012 29 January 1968; amended 17 May 1968
2013 29 January 1968; amended 1968, 2009; note - in early 2013, further amendments were introduced (2013)
2014 effective 29 January 1968; amended 1968, 2009; note - in early 2013, further amendments were introduced (2013)
2015 effective 29 January 1968; amended 1968, 2009, 2014 (2015)
2016 effective 29 January 1968; amended 1968, 2009, 2014 (2016)
2017 effective 29 January 1968; amended 1968, 2009, 2014 (2016)
2018 history: effective 29 January 1968 (2018) | amendments: proposed by Parliament; passage requires two-thirds majority vote of the Parliament membership; amendments to constitutional articles such as the republican form of government, protection of fundamental rights and freedoms, the structure and authorities of the executive and legislative branches also requires two-thirds majority of votes in a referendum; amended 1968, 2009, 2014 (2018)
2019 history: effective 29 January 1968 | amendments: proposed by Parliament; passage requires two-thirds majority vote of Parliament; amendments to constitutional articles, such as the republican form of government, protection of fundamental rights and freedoms, the structure and authorities of the executive and legislative branches, also requires two-thirds majority of votes in a referendum; amended 1968, 2009, 2014 (2018)
2020 history: effective 29 January 1968 | amendments: proposed by Parliament; passage requires two-thirds majority vote of Parliament; amendments to constitutional articles, such as the republican form of government, protection of fundamental rights and freedoms, the structure and authorities of the executive and legislative branches, also requires two-thirds majority of votes in a referendum; amended 1968, 2009, 2014
2021 history: effective 29 January 1968 amendments: proposed by Parliament; passage requires two-thirds majority vote of Parliament; amendments to constitutional articles, such as the republican form of government, protection of fundamental rights and freedoms, the structure and authorities of the executive and legislative branches, also requires two-thirds majority of votes in a referendum; amended several times, last in 2018
2022 history: effective 29 January 1968 amendments: proposed by Parliament; passage requires two-thirds majority vote of Parliament; amendments to constitutional articles, such as the republican form of government, protection of fundamental rights and freedoms, the structure and authorities of the executive and legislative branches, also require two-thirds majority of votes in a referendum; amended several times, last in 2018
2023 history: effective 29 January 1968 amendments: proposed by Parliament; passage requires two-thirds majority vote of Parliament; amendments to constitutional articles, such as the republican form of government, protection of fundamental rights and freedoms, the structure and authorities of the executive and legislative branches, also require two-thirds majority of votes in a referendum; amended several times, last in 2018
2024 history: effective 29 January 1968 amendments: proposed by Parliament; passage requires two-thirds majority vote of Parliament; amendments to constitutional articles, such as the republican form of government, protection of fundamental rights and freedoms, the structure and authorities of the executive and legislative branches, also require two-thirds majority of votes in a referendum; amended several times, last in 2018
2025 history: effective 29 January 1968 amendment process: proposed by Parliament; passage requires two-thirds majority vote of Parliament; amendments to constitutional articles, such as the republican form of government, protection of fundamental rights and freedoms, the structure and authorities of the executive and legislative branches, also require two-thirds majority of votes in a referendum