Honduras

total: 396,916 (2020) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 4 (2020 est.)

multiple privately owned terrestrial TV networks, supplemented by multiple cable TV networks; Radio Honduras is the lone government-owned radio network; roughly 300 privately owned radio stations (2019)

.hn

total: 4.8 million (2021 est.) percent of population: 48% (2021 est.)

general assessment: Honduras is among the poorest countries in Central America and has long been plagued by an unstable political framework which has rendered telecom sector reform difficult; this has created real difficulties for telcos as well as consumers; fixed-line teledensity, at only 4.9%, is significantly lower than the Latin American and Caribbean average; poor fixed-line infrastructure has been exacerbated by low investment and topographical difficulties which have made investment in rural areas unattractive or uneconomical; the internet has been slow to develop; DSL and cable modem technologies are available but are relatively expensive, while higher speed services are largely restricted to the major urban centers; the demand for broadband is steadily increasing and there has been some investment in network upgrades to fiber-based infrastructure (2022) domestic: fixed-line teledensity of 5 per 100; mobile-cellular subscribership is roughly 74 per 100 persons (2021) international: country code - 504; landing points for both the ARCOS and the MAYA-1 fiber-optic submarine cable systems that together provide connectivity to South and Central America, parts of the Caribbean, and the US; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); connected to Central American Microwave System (2019)

total subscriptions: 414,000 (2022 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 4 (2022 est.)

total subscriptions: 7.937 million (2022 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 76 (2022 est.)

sugarcane, oil palm fruit, milk, maize, bananas, coffee, cantaloupes/melons, chicken, oranges, beans (2022) note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage

on food: 31.6% of household expenditures (2022 est.) on alcohol and tobacco: 4.9% of household expenditures (2022 est.)

revenues: $5.333 billion (2020 est.) expenditures: $5.696 billion (2020 est.) note: central government revenues (excluding grants) and expenses converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated

Moody's rating: B1 (2017) Standard & Poors rating: BB- (2017) note: The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained.

-$1.335 billion (2023 est.) -$2.063 billion (2022 est.) -$1.538 billion (2021 est.) note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars

$7.611 billion (2022 est.) note: present value of external debt in current US dollars

second-fastest-growing Central American economy; COVID-19 and two hurricanes crippled activity; high poverty and inequality; declining-but-still-high violent crime disruption; systemic corruption; coffee and banana exporter; enormous remittances

lempiras (HNL) per US dollar - 24.602 (2023 est.) 24.486 (2022 est.) 24.017 (2021 est.) 24.582 (2020 est.) 24.509 (2019 est.)

$9.701 billion (2023 est.) $9.403 billion (2022 est.) $8.052 billion (2021 est.) note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars

garments, coffee, insulated wire, palm oil, bananas (2022) note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars

US 51%, Nicaragua 8%, El Salvador 8%, Guatemala 5%, Germany 4% (2022) note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports

$34.401 billion (2023 est.) note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate

household consumption: 86.4% (2023 est.) government consumption: 14.4% (2023 est.) investment in fixed capital: 24.2% (2023 est.) investment in inventories: -1.1% (2023 est.) exports of goods and services: 37% (2023 est.) imports of goods and services: -60.9% (2023 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection

agriculture: 12% (2023 est.) industry: 26% (2023 est.) services: 57.4% (2023 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data

48.2 (2019 est.) note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality

lowest 10%: 1.2% (2019 est.) highest 10%: 34.6% (2019 est.) note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population

$17.861 billion (2023 est.) $17.943 billion (2022 est.) $14.869 billion (2021 est.) note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars

refined petroleum, cotton yarn, garments, synthetic fibers, plastic products (2022) note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars

US 47%, Guatemala 10%, China 10%, El Salvador 7%, Mexico 4% (2022) note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports

-2.04% (2023 est.) note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency

sugar processing, coffee, woven and knit apparel, wood products, cigars

6.66% (2023 est.) 9.09% (2022 est.) 4.48% (2021 est.) note: annual % change based on consumer prices

4.676 million (2023 est.) note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work

48% (2019 est.) note: % of population with income below national poverty line

39.5% of GDP (2017 est.)

$68.854 billion (2023 est.) $66.473 billion (2022 est.) $63.828 billion (2021 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars

3.58% (2023 est.) 4.14% (2022 est.) 12.57% (2021 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency

$6,500 (2023 est.) $6,400 (2022 est.) $6,200 (2021 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars

25.58% of GDP (2023 est.) 27% of GDP (2022 est.) 25.59% of GDP (2021 est.) note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities

$7.543 billion (2023 est.) $8.41 billion (2022 est.) $8.667 billion (2021 est.) note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars

15.07% (of GDP) (2020 est.) note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP

6.06% (2023 est.) 7.04% (2022 est.) 7.94% (2021 est.) note: % of labor force seeking employment

total: 11% (2023 est.) male: 7.5% (2023 est.) female: 17% (2023 est.) note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment

9.428 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2022 est.) from coal and metallurgical coke: 429,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2022 est.) from petroleum and other liquids: 8.999 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2022 est.)

consumption: 190,000 metric tons (2022 est.) imports: 190,000 metric tons (2022 est.)

installed generating capacity: 3.195 million kW (2022 est.) consumption: 8.789 billion kWh (2022 est.) exports: 3 million kWh (2022 est.) imports: 212.156 million kWh (2022 est.) transmission/distribution losses: 3.424 billion kWh (2022 est.)

electrification - total population: 94.4% (2022 est.) electrification - urban areas: 100% electrification - rural areas: 86.8%

fossil fuels: 36.9% of total installed capacity (2022 est.) solar: 9.9% of total installed capacity (2022 est.) wind: 6.5% of total installed capacity (2022 est.) hydroelectricity: 33.3% of total installed capacity (2022 est.) geothermal: 3% of total installed capacity (2022 est.) biomass and waste: 10.4% of total installed capacity (2022 est.)

16.386 million Btu/person (2022 est.)

total petroleum production: 20 bbl/day (2023 est.) refined petroleum consumption: 67,000 bbl/day (2022 est.)

particulate matter emissions: 18.93 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.) carbon dioxide emissions: 9.81 megatons (2016 est.) methane emissions: 7.72 megatons (2020 est.)

subtropical in lowlands, temperate in mountains

urban population expanding; deforestation results from logging and the clearing of land for agricultural purposes; further land degradation and soil erosion hastened by uncontrolled development and improper land use practices such as farming of marginal lands; mining activities polluting Lago de Yojoa (the country's largest source of fresh water), as well as several rivers and streams, with heavy metals

party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

agricultural land: 28.8% (2018 est.) arable land: 9.1% (2018 est.) permanent crops: 4% (2018 est.) permanent pasture: 15.7% (2018 est.) forest: 45.3% (2018 est.) other: 25.9% (2018 est.)

salt water lake(s): Laguna de Caratasca - 1,110 sq km

0% of GDP (2018 est.)

0.91% of GDP (2018 est.)

92.16 billion cubic meters (2020 est.)

municipal: 320 million cubic meters (2020 est.) industrial: 111 million cubic meters (2020 est.) agricultural: 1.18 billion cubic meters (2020 est.)

urban population: 60.2% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 2.48% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

municipal solid waste generated annually: 2,162,028 tons (2016 est.)

total : 112,090 sq km land: 111,890 sq km water: 200 sq km

slightly larger than Tennessee

subtropical in lowlands, temperate in mountains

823 km (Caribbean Sea 669 km, Gulf of Fonseca 163 km)

highest point: Cerro Las Minas 2,870 m lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m mean elevation: 684 m

15 00 N, 86 30 W

has only a short Pacific coast but a long Caribbean shoreline, including the virtually uninhabited eastern Mosquito Coast

900 sq km (2012)

total: 1,575 km border countries (3): Guatemala 244 km; El Salvador 391 km; Nicaragua 940 km

agricultural land: 28.8% (2018 est.) arable land: 9.1% (2018 est.) permanent crops: 4% (2018 est.) permanent pasture: 15.7% (2018 est.) forest: 45.3% (2018 est.) other: 25.9% (2018 est.)

Central America, bordering the Caribbean Sea, between Guatemala and Nicaragua and bordering the Gulf of Fonseca (North Pacific Ocean), between El Salvador and Nicaragua

salt water lake(s): Laguna de Caratasca - 1,110 sq km

Central America and the Caribbean

territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: natural extension of territory or to 200 nm

frequent, but generally mild, earthquakes; extremely susceptible to damaging hurricanes and floods along the Caribbean coast

timber, gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, iron ore, antimony, coal, fish, hydropower

most residents live in the mountainous western half of the country; unlike other Central American nations, Honduras is the only one with an urban population that is distributed between two large centers - the capital of Tegucigalpa and the city of San Pedro Sula; the Rio Ulua valley in the north is the only densely populated lowland area

mostly mountains in interior, narrow coastal plains

18 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Atlantida, Choluteca, Colon, Comayagua, Copan, Cortes, El Paraiso, Francisco Morazan, Gracias a Dios, Intibuca, Islas de la Bahia, La Paz, Lempira, Ocotepeque, Olancho, Santa Barbara, Valle, Yoro

name: Tegucigalpa; note - article eight of the Honduran constitution states that the twin cities of Tegucigalpa and Comayaguela, jointly, constitute the capital of the Republic of Honduras; however, virtually all governmental institutions are on the Tegucigalpa side, which in practical terms makes Tegucigalpa the capital geographic coordinates: 14 06 N, 87 13 W time difference: UTC-6 (1 hour behind Washington, DC during Standard Time) etymology: while most sources agree that Tegucigalpa is of Nahuatl derivation, there is no consensus on its original meaning

citizenship by birth: yes citizenship by descent only: yes dual citizenship recognized: yes residency requirement for naturalization: 1 to 3 years

history: several previous; latest approved 11 January 1982, effective 20 January 1982 amendments: proposed by the National Congress with at least two-thirds majority vote of the membership; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote of Congress in its next annual session; constitutional articles, such as the form of government, national sovereignty, the presidential term, and the procedure for amending the constitution, cannot be amended; amended several times, last in 2021

conventional long form: Republic of Honduras conventional short form: Honduras local long form: Rep blica de Honduras local short form: Honduras etymology: the name means "depths" in Spanish and refers to the deep anchorage in the northern Bay of Trujillo

chief of mission: Ambassador Laura F. DOGU (since 12 April 2022) embassy: Avenida La Paz, Tegucigalpa M.D.C. mailing address: 3480 Tegucigalpa Place, Washington DC 20521-3480 telephone: [504] 2236-9320, FAX: [504] 2236-9037 email address and website: usahonduras@state.gov https://hn.usembassy.gov/

chief of mission: Ambassador Javier Efrain BU SOTO (since 12 December 2022) chancery: 1220 19th Street NW, Suite #320, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 966-7702 FAX: [1] (202) 966-9751 email address and website: info@wadchn.com https://hondurasembusa.org/ consulate(s) general: Atlanta, Boston, Charlotte (NC), Chicago, Dallas, Houston, Los Angeles, McAllen (TX), Miami, New Orleans, New York, San Francisco, Seattle

chief of state: President Iris Xiomara CASTRO de Zelaya (since 27 January 2022) head of government: President Iris Xiomara CASTRO de Zelaya (since 27 January 2022) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by president elections/appointments: president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term; election last held on 28 November 2021 (next to be held on 30 November 2025); note - in 2015, the Constitutional Chamber of the Honduran Supreme Court struck down the constitutional provisions on presidential term limits election results: 2021: Iris Xiomara CASTRO de Zelaya elected president; percent of vote - Iris Xiomara CASTRO de Zelaya (LIBRE) 51.1%, Nasry Juan ASFURA Zablah (PNH) 36.9%, Yani Benjamin ROSENTHAL Hidalgo (PL) 10%, other 2% 2017: Juan Orlando HERNANDEZ Alvarado reelected president; percent of vote - Juan Orlando HERNANDEZ Alvarado (PNH) 43%, Salvador NASRALLA (Alianza de Oposicion contra la Dictadura) 41.4%, Luis Orlando ZELAYA Medrano (PL) 14.7%, other 0.9% note: the president is both chief of state and head of government

three equal horizontal bands of cerulean blue (top), white, and cerulean blue, with five cerulean, five-pointed stars arranged in an X pattern centered in the white band; the stars represent the members of the former Federal Republic of Central America: Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua; the blue bands symbolize the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea; the white band represents the land between the two bodies of water and the peace and prosperity of its people note: similar to the flag of El Salvador, which features a round emblem encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE EL SALVADOR EN LA AMERICA CENTRAL centered in the white band; also similar to the flag of Nicaragua, which features a triangle encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE NICARAGUA on top and AMERICA CENTRAL on the bottom, centered in the white band

presidential republic

15 September 1821 (from Spain)

accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

ACS, BCIE, CACM, CD, CELAC, EITI (candidate country), FAO, G-11, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC (suspended), IOM, IPU, ISO (subscriber), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA (observer), MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSTAH, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), PCA, Petrocaribe, SICA, UN, UNCTAD, UNHRC, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO (suspended), WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

highest court(s): Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (15 principal judges, including the court president, and 6 alternates; court organized into civil, criminal, constitutional, and labor chambers); note - the court has both judicial and constitutional jurisdiction judge selection and term of office: court president elected by his peers; judges elected by the National Congress from candidates proposed by the Nominating Board, a diverse 7-member group of judicial officials and other government and non-government officials nominated by each of their organizations; judges elected by Congress for renewable, 7-year terms subordinate courts: courts of appeal; courts of first instance; justices of the peace

civil law system

description: unicameral National Congress or Congreso Nacional (128 seats; members directly elected in 18 multi-seat constituencies by closed party-list proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms) elections: last held on 28 November 2021 (next to be held on 30 November 2025) election results: percent of vote by party - LIBRE 39.8%, PNH 31.3%, PL 16.4%, PSH 10.9%, DC 0.8%, PAC 0.8%; seats by party - LIBRE 51, PNH 40, PL 21, PSH 14, DC 1, PAC 1; composition - men 93, women 35, percentage women 27.3%

name: "Himno Nacional de Honduras" (National Anthem of Honduras) lyrics/music: Augusto Constancio COELLO/Carlos HARTLING note: adopted 1915; the anthem's seven verses chronicle Honduran history; on official occasions, only the chorus and last verse are sung

total World Heritage Sites: 2 (1 cultural, 1 natural) selected World Heritage Site locales: Maya Site of Copan (c); R o Pl tano Biosphere Reserve (n)

Independence Day, 15 September (1821)

scarlet macaw, white-tailed deer; national colors: blue, white

Anti-Corruption Party or PAC Christian Democratic Party or DC Democratic Liberation of Honduras or Liderh Democratic Unification Party or UD The Front or El Frente Honduran Patriotic Alliance or AP Innovation and Unity Party or PINU Liberal Party or PL Liberty and Refoundation Party or LIBRE National Party of Honduras or PNH New Route or NR Opposition Alliance against the Dictatorship or Alianza de Oposicion contra la Dictadura (electoral coalition) Savior Party of Honduras or PSH Vamos or Let s Go We Are All Honduras (Todos Somos Honduras) or TSH

18 years of age; universal and compulsory

Once part of Spain's vast empire in the New World, Honduras became an independent nation in 1821. After two and a half decades of mostly military rule, a freely elected civilian government came to power in 1982. During the 1980s, Honduras proved a haven for anti-Sandinista contras fighting the Marxist Nicaraguan Government and an ally to Salvadoran Government forces fighting leftist guerrillas. Hurricane Mitch devastated the country in 1998, killing about 5,600 people and causing approximately $2 billion in damage. Since then, the economy has slowly rebounded, despite COVID-19 and severe storm-related setbacks in 2020 and 2021.

the Honduran Armed Forces (FFAA) are responsible for maintaining the country s territory, defending its sovereignty, providing emergency/humanitarian assistance, and supporting the National Police (PNH); the FFAA s primary focus is internal and border security, and since 2011 a considerable portion of it has been deployed to support the PNH in combating narcotics trafficking and organized crime; military support to domestic security included the creation of the Military Police of Public Order (PMOP) in 2013 to provide security in areas controlled by street gangs to combat crime and make arrests; the PMOP also has sent personnel to reinforce security operations along the country s border as part of a tri-national security task force with El Salvador and Guatemala the FFAA has received military equipment, training, humanitarian, and technical assistance from the US military; the US military maintains a joint service task force co-located with the FFAA at Soto Cano Air Base (2024)

Honduran Armed Forces (Fuerzas Armadas de Honduras, FFAA): Army (Ejercito), Honduran Naval Forces (Fuerzas Naval Hondurena, FNH; includes marines), Honduran Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Hondurena, FAH), Honduran Military Police of Public Order (Polic a Militar del Orden P blico or PMOP) (2024) note 1: the National Police of Honduras (Polic a Nacional de Honduras, PNH) are under the Secretariat of Security and responsible for internal security; some larger cities have police forces that operate independently of the national police and report to municipal authorities note 2: the PMOP supports the PNH against narcotics trafficking and organized crime; it is subordinate to the Secretariat of Defense/FFAA, but conducts operations sanctioned by civilian security officials as well as by military leaders note 3: the National Interinstitutional Security Force is an interagency command that coordinates the overlapping responsibilities of the HNP, PMOP, and other security organizations such as the National Intelligence Directorate and the Public Ministry (public prosecutor), but exercises coordination, command, and control responsibilities only during interagency operations involving those forces

approximately 16,000 active personnel (7,500 Army; 1,500 Navy, including about 1,000 marines; 2,000 Air Force; 5,000 Military Police of Public Order); approximately 18,000 National Police (2023)

the FFAA's inventory is comprised of a mix of older or secondhand and limited amounts of more equipment from a wide mix of suppliers, including Colombia, Germany, Israel, the Netherlands, South Korea, the UK, and the US (2024)

1.5% of GDP (2023 est.) 1.4% of GDP (2022 est.) 1.5% of GDP (2021 est.) 1.6% of GDP (2020 est.) 1.6% of GDP (2019 est.)

18-22 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women; 24-36 month service obligation; no conscription (2024) note: as of 2023, women made up about 9% of the active duty military

0-14 years: 28.7% (male 1,378,026/female 1,353,238) 15-64 years: 65.7% (male 2,980,393/female 3,282,159) 65 years and over: 5.6% (2024 est.) (male 232,828/female 302,544)

total: 2.73 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) beer: 1.6 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) wine: 0.04 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) spirits: 1.09 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

19.9 births/1,000 population (2024 est.)

women married by age 15: 9.2% women married by age 18: 34% men married by age 18: 10% (2019 est.)

7.1% (2019)

69.4% (2019)

9% of GDP (2020)

53.5% (2023 est.)

5.4 deaths/1,000 population (2024 est.)

Honduras is one of the poorest countries in Latin America and has one of the world's highest murder rates. More than half of the population lives in poverty and per capita income is one of the lowest in the region. Poverty rates are higher among rural and indigenous people and in the south, west, and along the eastern border than in the north and central areas where most of Honduras' industries and infrastructure are concentrated. The increased productivity needed to break Honduras' persistent high poverty rate depends, in part, on further improvements in educational attainment. Although primary-school enrollment is near 100%, educational quality is poor, the drop-out rate and grade repetition remain high, and teacher and school accountability is low. Honduras' population growth rate has slowed since the 1990s and is now 1.2% annually with a birth rate that averages 2.1 children per woman and more among rural, indigenous, and poor women. Honduras' young adult population - ages 15 to 29 - is projected to continue growing rapidly for the next three decades and then stabilize or slowly shrink. Population growth and limited job prospects outside of agriculture will continue to drive emigration. Remittances represent about a fifth of GDP.

total dependency ratio: 53.3 youth dependency ratio: 46.9 elderly dependency ratio: 6.4 potential support ratio: 15.5 (2021 est.)

improved: urban: 100% of population rural: 90.7% of population total: 96.1% of population unimproved: urban: 0% of population rural: 9.3% of population total: 3.9% of population (2020 est.)

6.4% of GDP (2020 est.)

Mestizo (mixed Indigenous and European) 90%, Indigenous 7%, African descent 2%, White 1%

1.15 (2024 est.)

0.6 beds/1,000 population (2017)

total: 15.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2024 est.) male: 17.5 deaths/1,000 live births female: 13.2 deaths/1,000 live births

Spanish (official), Amerindian dialects major-language sample(s): La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de informaci n b sica. (Spanish) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

total population: 73.1 years (2024 est.) male: 69.6 years female: 76.8 years

definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 88.5% male: 88.2% female: 88.7% (2019)

1.568 million TEGUCIGALPA (capital), 982,000 San Pedro Sula (2023)

72 deaths/100,000 live births (2020 est.)

total: 25.7 years (2024 est.) male: 24.8 years female: 26.6 years

20.3 years (2011/12 est.) note: data represents median age a first birth among women 25-49

noun: Honduran(s) adjective: Honduran

-1.7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)

21.4% (2016)

0.5 physicians/1,000 population (2020)

total: 9,529,188 male: 4,591,247 female: 4,937,941 (2024 est.)

most residents live in the mountainous western half of the country; unlike other Central American nations, Honduras is the only one with an urban population that is distributed between two large centers - the capital of Tegucigalpa and the city of San Pedro Sula; the Rio Ulua valley in the north is the only densely populated lowland area

1.29% (2024 est.)

Evangelical 55%, Roman Catholic 33.4%, none 10.1%, unspecified 1.5% (2023 est.)

improved: urban: 96.7% of population rural: 87.9% of population total: 93% of population unimproved: urban: 3.3% of population rural: 12.1% of population total: 7% of population (2020 est.)

total: 10 years male: 10 years female: 11 years (2019)

at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.91 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

2.33 children born/woman (2024 est.)

urban population: 60.2% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 2.48% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

transshipment point for cocaine destined for the United States and precursor chemicals used to produce illicit drugs; some small-scale coca cultivation

IDPs: 247,000 (violence, extortion, threats, forced recruitment by urban gangs between 2004 and 2018) (2023)

129 (2024)

HR

6 (2024)

total: 489 (2023) by type: general cargo 233, oil tanker 82, other 174

number of registered air carriers: 4 (2020) inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 26 annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 251,149 (2018) annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 450,000 (2018) mt-km

total ports: 8 (2024) large: 0 medium: 0 small: 1 very small: 7 ports with oil terminals: 3 key ports: Coxen Hole, La Ceiba, Puerto Castilla, Puerto Cortes, Puerto de Hencan, Puerto Este, Tela, Trujillo

total: 699 km (2014) narrow gauge: 164 km (2014) 1.067-m gauge 115 km 1.057-mm gauge 420 km 0.914-mm gauge

total: 14,742 km paved: 3,367 km unpaved: 11,375 km (2012) (1,543 km summer only) note: an additional 8,951 km of non-official roads used by the coffee industry

465 km (2012) (most navigable only by small craft)