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Jersey

2023 Edition — crown_dependency

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Communications
Broadband - fixed subscriptions [time series]
total: 39,699 (2020 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 37 (2020 est.)
Broadcast media [time series]
multiple UK terrestrial TV broadcasts are received via a transmitter in Jersey; satellite packages available; BBC Radio Jersey and 1 other radio station operating
Internet country code [time series]
.je
Internet users [time series]
total: 96,038 (2021 est.) percent of population: 93% (2021 est.)
Telecommunication systems [time series]
general assessment: the telecommunication services comprise of Internet, telephone, broadcasting and postal services, which allow islanders to contact people and receive information; Internet connectivity to the rest of the world is provided by undersea cables linked to Guernsey, the UK and France; (2021) domestic: fixed-line 47 per 100 and mobile-cellular 120 per 100 subscriptions (2021) international: country code - 44; landing points for the INGRID, UK-Channel Islands-8, and Guernsey-Jersey-4, submarine cable connectivity to Guernsey, the UK, and France (2019)
Telephones - fixed lines [time series]
total subscriptions: 48,122 (2021 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 47 (2021 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular [time series]
total subscriptions: 124,083 (2021 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 120 (2021 est.)
Economy
Agricultural products [time series]
potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes; beef, dairy products
Budget [time series]
revenues: $829 million (2005) expenditures: $851 million (2005)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) [time series]
-0.4% (of GDP) (2005)
Debt - external [time series]
NA
Economic overview [time series]
British territorial island economy; strong offshore banking and finance sectors; low asset taxation; strong tourism sector prior to COVID-19 and Brexit; one of the most expensive places to live; minimal welfare system; historical cider industry
Exchange rates [time series]
Jersey pounds (JEP) per US dollar 0.7836 (2017 est.) 0.738 (2016 est.) 0.738 (2015) 0.6542 (2012) 0.6391 (2011 est.)
Exports [time series]
NA
Exports - commodities [time series]
refined petroleum, beverages, ships, jewelry, artwork (2022)
Exports - partners [time series]
almost entirely United Kingdom (2022)
Fiscal year [time series]
1 April - 31 March
GDP (official exchange rate) [time series]
$5.004 billion (2015 est.)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin [time series]
agriculture: 2% (2010) industry: 2% (2010) services: 96% (2010)
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income [time series]
0.3 (2014 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share [time series]
lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA
Imports [time series]
NA
Imports - commodities [time series]
artwork, ships, vegetables, fruits, jewelry (2022)
Imports - partners [time series]
almost entirely United Kingdom (2022)
Industrial production growth rate [time series]
NA
Industries [time series]
tourism, banking and finance, dairy, electronics
Inflation rate (consumer prices) [time series]
3.7% (2006)
Labor force [time series]
86,800 (2021 est.)
Labor force - by occupation [time series]
agriculture: 3% industry: 12% services: 85% (2014 est.)
Population below poverty line [time series]
NA
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) [time series]
$5.569 billion (2016 est.) $5.514 billion (2015 est.) $4.98 billion (2014 est.) note: data are in 2015 US dollars
Real GDP growth rate [time series]
1% (2016 est.) 10.7% (2015 est.)
Real GDP per capita [time series]
$56,600 (2016 est.) $49,500 (2015 est.)
Taxes and other revenues [time series]
16.6% (of GDP) (2005)
Unemployment rate [time series]
7.37% (2021 est.) 7.69% (2020 est.) 6.41% (2019 est.)
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) [time series]
total: 15.8% (2021 est.) male: 15.9% female: 15.6%
Energy
Carbon dioxide emissions [time series]
450,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2012 est.)
Electricity access [time series]
electrification - total population: 100% (2021)
Environment
Climate [time series]
temperate; mild winters and cool summers
Environment - current issues [time series]
habitat and species depletion due to human encroachment; water pollution; improper solid waste disposal
Land use [time series]
agricultural land: 66% (2018 est.) arable land: 66% (2018 est.) permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.) permanent pasture: 0% (2018 est.) forest: 0% (2018 est.) other: 34% (2018 est.)
Urbanization [time series]
urban population: 31.2% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 0.68% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) note: data include Guernsey and Jersey
Waste and recycling [time series]
municipal solid waste generated annually: 178,933 tons (2016 est.) municipal solid waste recycled annually: 50,871 tons (2016 est.) percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 28.4% (2016 est.) note: data include combined totals for Guernsey and Jersey.
Geography
Area [time series]
total: 116 sq km land: 116 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative [time series]
about two-thirds the size of Washington, DC
Climate [time series]
temperate; mild winters and cool summers
Coastline [time series]
70 km
Elevation [time series]
highest point: Les Platons 136 m lowest point: English Channel 0 m
Geographic coordinates [time series]
49 15 N, 2 10 W
Geography - note [time series]
largest and southernmost of Channel Islands; about 30% of population concentrated in Saint Helier
Irrigated land [time series]
NA
Land boundaries [time series]
total: 0 km
Land use [time series]
agricultural land: 66% (2018 est.) arable land: 66% (2018 est.) permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.) permanent pasture: 0% (2018 est.) forest: 0% (2018 est.) other: 34% (2018 est.)
Location [time series]
Western Europe, island in the English Channel, northwest of France
Map references [time series]
Europe
Maritime claims [time series]
territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 12 nm
Natural hazards [time series]
very large tidal variation can be hazardous to navigation
Natural resources [time series]
arable land
Population distribution [time series]
fairly even distribution; no notable trends
Terrain [time series]
gently rolling plain with low, rugged hills along north coast
Government
Administrative divisions [time series]
none (British crown dependency); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 12 parishes; Grouville, Saint Brelade, Saint Clement, Saint Helier, Saint John, Saint Lawrence, Saint Martin, Saint Mary, Saint Ouen, Saint Peter, Saint Saviour, Trinity
Capital [time series]
name: Saint Helier geographic coordinates: 49 11 N, 2 06 W time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October etymology: named after Saint HELIER, the patron saint of Jersey, who was reputedly martyred on the island in A.D. 555
Citizenship [time series]
see United Kingdom
Constitution [time series]
history: unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice amendments: proposed by a government minister to the Assembly of the States of Jersey, by an Assembly member, or by an elected parish head; passage requires several Assembly readings, a majority vote by the Assembly, review by the UK Ministry of Justice, and approval of the British monarch (Royal Assent)
Country name [time series]
conventional long form: Bailiwick of Jersey conventional short form: Jersey former: Norman Isles etymology: the name is of Old Norse origin, but the meaning of the root "Jer(s)" is uncertain; the "-ey" ending means "island"
Dependency status [time series]
British crown dependency
Diplomatic representation from the US [time series]
embassy: none (British Crown dependency)
Diplomatic representation in the US [time series]
chief of mission: none (British Crown dependency)
Executive branch [time series]
chief of state: King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Lieutenant Governor Jerry KYD (since 8 October 2022) head of government: Chief Minister Kristina MOORE (since 12 July 2022); Bailiff Timothy Le COCQ (since 17 October 2019) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed individually by the states elections/appointments: the monarchy is hereditary; Council of Ministers, including the chief minister, indirectly elected by the Assembly of States; lieutenant governor and bailiff appointed by the monarch
Flag (Flag description) [time series]
white with a diagonal red cross extending to the corners of the flag; in the upper quadrant, surmounted by a yellow crown, a red shield with three lions in yellow; according to tradition, the ships of Jersey - in an attempt to differentiate themselves from English ships flying the horizontal cross of St. George - rotated the cross to the "X" (saltire) configuration; because this arrangement still resembled the Irish cross of St. Patrick, the yellow Plantagenet crown and Jersey coat of arms were added
Government type [time series]
parliamentary democracy (Assembly of the States of Jersey)
Independence [time series]
none (British Crown dependency)
International organization participation [time series]
UPU
Judicial branch [time series]
highest court(s): Jersey Court of Appeal (consists of the bailiff, deputy bailiff, and 12 judges); Royal Court (consists of the bailiff, deputy bailiff, 6 commissioners and lay people referred to as jurats, and is organized into Heritage, Family, Probate, and Samedi Divisions); appeals beyond the Court of Appeal are heard by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London) judge selection and term of office: Jersey Court of Appeal bailiffs and judges appointed by the Crown upon the advice of the Secretary of State for Justice; bailiffs and judges appointed for "extent of good behavior;" Royal Court bailiffs appointed by the Crown upon the advice of the Secretary of State for Justice; commissioners appointed by the bailiff; jurats appointed by the Electoral College; bailiffs and commissioners appointed for "extent of good behavior;" jurats appointed until retirement at age 72 subordinate courts: Magistrate's Court; Youth Court; Petty Debts Court; Parish Hall Enquiries (a process of preliminary investigation into youth and minor adult offenses to determine need for presentation before a court)
Legal system [time series]
the laws of the UK apply where applicable; includes local statutes
Legislative branch [time series]
description: unicameral Assembly of the States of Jersey (49 elected members; 8 senators to serve 4-year terms, and 29 deputies and 12 connetables, or heads of parishes, to serve 4-year terms; 5 non-voting members appointed by the monarch include the bailiff, lieutenant governor, dean of Jersey, attorney general, and the solicitor general) elections: last held on 22 June 2022 (next to be held in 2026) election results: percent of vote by party - BW 66.8%, RJ 12.3%, JA 2.0%, PP 2.0%, JLC 4.1%; seats by party - BW 35, RJ 10, JA 1, PP 1, JLC 2; composition - men NA, women NA, percent of women NA
National anthem(s) (National anthem) [time series]
name: "Isle de Siez Nous" (Island Home) lyrics/music: Gerard LE FEUVRE note: adopted 2008; serves as a local anthem; as a British Crown dependency, "God Save the King" is official (see United Kingdom)
National holiday [time series]
Liberation Day, 9 May (1945)
National symbol(s) [time series]
Jersey cow; national colors: red, white
Political parties (Political parties and leaders) [time series]
Better Way or BW (group of independent candidates) Jersey Alliance or JA [Mark BOLEAT] Jersey Liberal Conservatives or JLC [Sir Philip BAILHACHE] Progress Party or PP [Steve PALLETT] Reform Jersey or RJ [Sam MEZEC] note: most deputies sit as independents
Suffrage [time series]
16 years of age; universal
Introduction
Background [time series]
Jersey and the other Channel Islands represent the last remnants of the medieval Duchy of Normandy that held sway in both France and England. These islands were the only British soil occupied by German troops in World War II. The Bailiwick of Jersey is a British Crown dependency, which means that it is not part of the UK but is rather a self-governing possession of the British Crown. However, the UK Government is constitutionally responsible for its defense and international representation.
Military and Security
Military - note [time series]
defense is the responsibility of the UK
People and Society
Age structure [time series]
0-14 years: 16.89% (male 8,958/female 8,405) 15-64 years: 65.19% (male 33,888/female 33,121) 65 years and over: 17.91% (2023 est.) (male 7,871/female 10,542)
Birth rate [time series]
12.3 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight [time series]
NA
Contraceptive prevalence rate [time series]
NA
Current health expenditure [time series]
NA
Death rate [time series]
7.8 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Dependency ratios [time series]
total dependency ratio: 44.5 youth dependency ratio: 21.3 elderly dependency ratio: 23.2 potential support ratio: 4.3 (2021 est.) note: data represent Guernsey and Jersey
Drinking water source [time series]
improved: total: 94.2% of population unimproved: total: 5.9% of population (2017 est.) note : includes data for Guernsey
Education expenditure (Education expenditures) [time series]
NA
Ethnic groups [time series]
Jersey 44.4%, British 30.5%, Portuguese/Madeiran 9.4%, Polish 3%, Irish 2.1%, other 10.6% (2021 est.)
Gross reproduction rate [time series]
0.8 (2023 est.)
Infant mortality rate [time series]
total: 3.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2023 est.) male: 4.3 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.3 deaths/1,000 live births
Languages [time series]
English (official) 94.5%, Portuguese 4.6%, other 0.9% (includes French (official) and Jerriais) (2001 est.) note: data represent main spoken language; the traditional language of Jersey is Jerriais or Jersey French (a Norman language), which was spoken by fewer than 3,000 people as of 2001; two thirds of Jerriais speakers are aged 60 and over
Life expectancy at birth [time series]
total population: 82.8 years (2023 est.) male: 80.3 years female: 85.5 years
Literacy [time series]
total population: NA male: NA female: NA
Major urban areas - population [time series]
34,000 SAINT HELIER (capital) (2018)
Median age [time series]
total: 38 years (2023 est.) male: 36.7 years female: 39.5 years
Nationality [time series]
noun: Channel Islander(s) adjective: Channel Islander
Net migration rate [time series]
1.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Physician density (Physicians density) [time series]
NA
Population [time series]
102,785 (2023 est.)
Population distribution [time series]
fairly even distribution; no notable trends
Population growth rate [time series]
0.61% (2023 est.)
Religions [time series]
Protestant (Anglican, Baptist, Congregational New Church, Methodist, Presbyterian), Roman Catholic
Sanitation facility access [time series]
improved: urban: NA rural: NA total: 98.5% of population unimproved: urban: NA rural: NA total: 1.5% of population (2017)
Sex ratio [time series]
at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate [time series]
1.66 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Urbanization [time series]
urban population: 31.2% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 0.68% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) note: data include Guernsey and Jersey
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) [time series]
total: 15.8% (2021 est.) male: 15.9% female: 15.6%
Transnational Issues
Disputes - international [time series]
none identified
Transportation
Airports [time series]
1 (2021)
Airports - with paved runways [time series]
1 note: paved runways have a concrete or asphalt surface but not all have facilities for refueling, maintenance, or air traffic control; the length of a runway required for aircraft to safely operate depends on a number of factors including the type of aircraft, the takeoff weight (including passengers, cargo, and fuel), engine types, flap settings, landing speed, elevation of the airport, and average maximum daily air temperature; paved runways can reach a length of 5,000 m (16,000 ft.), but the typical length of a commercial airline runway is between 2,500-4,000 m (8,000-13,000 ft.)
National air transport system [time series]
number of registered air carriers: 1 (2020) (registered in UK) inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 4 (registered in UK)
Ports (Ports and terminals) [time series]
major seaport(s): Gorey, Saint Aubin, Saint Helier
Roadways [time series]
total: 576 km (2010)