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Communications

Broadband - fixed subscriptions [time series]

total: 73,176 | subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 12 (2018 est.)

Broadcast media [time series]

2 state-owned TV stations; 1 state-owned radio station; multiple private radio and TV stations (2019)

Internet country code [time series]

.sr

Internet users [time series]

total: 292,685 | percent of population: 48.95% (July 2018 est.)

Telecommunication systems [time series]

general assessment: international facilities are good; state-owned fixed-line teledensity and broadband services below regional average for Latin America and Caribbean, but mobile penetration is above regional average; fixed-line effective along the coastline and poor in the interior; competition in the mobile sector (2020) | domestic: fixed-line 16 per 100 and mobile-cellular teledensity 140 telephones per 100 persons; microwave radio relay network is in place (2019) | international: country code - 597; landing point for the SG-SCS submarine cable linking South America with the Caribbean; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2019) | note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications production and supply chains globally; consumer spending on telecom devices and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of the telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable and satellite - has moderated

Telephones - fixed lines [time series]

total subscriptions: 96,310 | subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 15.95 (2019 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular [time series]

total subscriptions: 845,292 | subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 139.99 (2019 est.)

Economy

Agricultural products (Agriculture - products) [time series]

rice, bananas, seabob shrimp, yellow-fin tuna, vegetables

Budget [time series]

revenues: 560.7 million (2017 est.) | expenditures: 827.8 million (2017 est.)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) [time series]

-7.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Credit ratings [time series]

Fitch rating: C (2020) | Moody's rating: Caa3 (2020) | Standard & Poors rating: SD (2020)

Current account balance [time series]

-$2 million (2017 est.) | -$169 million (2016 est.)

Debt - external [time series]

$1.7 billion (31 December 2017 est.) | $1.436 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

Ease of Doing Business Index scores [time series]

75.0 (2020)

Economic overview [time series]

Suriname’s economy is dominated by the mining industry, with exports of oil and gold accounting for approximately 85% of exports and 27% of government revenues. This makes the economy highly vulnerable to mineral price volatility. The worldwide drop in international commodity prices and the cessation of alumina mining in Suriname significantly reduced government revenue and national income during the past few years. In November 2015, a major US aluminum company discontinued its mining activities in Suriname after 99 years of operation. Public sector revenues fell, together with exports, international reserves, employment, and private sector investment. Economic growth declined annually from just under 5% in 2012 to -10.4% in 2016. In January 2011, the government devalued the currency by 20% and raised taxes to reduce the budget deficit. Suriname began instituting macro adjustments between September 2015 and 2016; these included another 20% currency devaluation in November 2015 and foreign currency interventions by the Central Bank until March 2016, after which time the Bank allowed the Surinamese dollar (SRD) to float. By December 2016, the SRD had lost 46% of its value against the dollar. Depreciation of the Surinamese dollar and increases in tariffs on electricity caused domestic prices in Suriname to rise 22.0% year-over-year by December 2017. Suriname's economic prospects for the medium-term will depend on its commitment to responsible monetary and fiscal policies and on the introduction of structural reforms to liberalize markets and promote competition. The government's over-reliance on revenue from the extractive sector colors Suriname's economic outlook. Following two years of recession, the Fitch Credit Bureau reported a positive growth of 1.2% in 2017 and the World Bank predicted 2.2% growth in 2018. Inflation declined to 9%, down from 55% in 2016 , and increased gold production helped lift exports. Yet continued budget imbalances and a heavy debt and interest burden resulted in a debt-to-GDP ratio of 83% in September 2017. Purchasing power has fallen rapidly due to the devalued local currency. The government has announced its intention to pass legislation to introduce a new value-added tax in 2018. Without this and other measures to strengthen the country’s fiscal position, the government may face liquidity pressures.

Exchange rates [time series]

Surinamese dollars (SRD) per US dollar - | 7.53 (2017 est.) | 6.229 (2016 est.) | 6.229 (2015 est.) | 3.4167 (2014 est.) | 3.3 (2013 est.)

Exports [time series]

$2.028 billion (2017 est.) | $1.449 billion (2016 est.)

Exports - commodities [time series]

alumina, gold, crude oil, lumber, shrimp and fish, rice, bananas

Exports - partners [time series]

Switzerland 38%, Hong Kong 21.9%, Belgium 10.1%, UAE 7.2%, Guyana 6.1% (2017)

Fiscal year [time series]

calendar year

GDP (official exchange rate) [time series]

$3.419 billion (2017 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) (GDP (purchasing power parity) - real) [time series]

$8.688 billion (2017 est.) | $8.526 billion (2016 est.) | $8.988 billion (2015 est.) | note: data are in 2017 dollars

GDP - composition, by end use [time series]

household consumption: 27.6% (2017 est.) | government consumption: 11.7% (2017 est.) | investment in fixed capital: 52.5% (2017 est.) | investment in inventories: 26.5% (2017 est.) | exports of goods and services: 68.9% (2017 est.) | imports of goods and services: -60.6% (2017 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin [time series]

agriculture: 11.6% (2017 est.) | industry: 31.1% (2017 est.) | services: 57.4% (2017 est.)

Real GDP per capita (GDP - per capita (PPP)) [time series]

$14,900 (2017 est.) | $14,800 (2016 est.) | $15,900 (2015 est.) | note: data are in 2017 dollars

Real GDP growth rate (GDP real growth rate) [time series]

1.9% (2017 est.) | -5.1% (2016 est.) | -2.6% (2015 est.)

Gross national saving [time series]

46.6% of GDP (2017 est.) | 55.6% of GDP (2016 est.) | 53.6% of GDP (2015 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share [time series]

lowest 10%: NA | highest 10%: NA

Imports [time series]

$1.293 billion (2017 est.) | $1.203 billion (2016 est.)

Imports - commodities [time series]

capital equipment, petroleum, foodstuffs, cotton, consumer goods

Imports - partners [time series]

US 30.6%, Netherlands 14.8%, Trinidad and Tobago 11.4%, China 7.6% (2017)

Industrial production growth rate [time series]

1% (2017 est.)

Industries [time series]

gold mining, oil, lumber, food processing, fishing

Inflation rate (consumer prices) [time series]

22% (2017 est.) | 55.5% (2016 est.)

Labor force [time series]

144,000 (2014 est.)

Labor force - by occupation [time series]

agriculture: 11.2% | industry: 19.5% | services: 69.3% (2010)

Population below poverty line [time series]

70% (2002 est.)

Public debt [time series]

69.3% of GDP (2017 est.) | 75.8% of GDP (2016 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold [time series]

$424.4 million (31 December 2017 est.) | $381.1 million (31 December 2016 est.)

Taxes and other revenues [time series]

16.4% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Unemployment rate [time series]

8.9% (2017 est.) | 9.7% (2016 est.)

Energy

Carbon dioxide emissions (Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy) [time series]

2.075 million Mt (2017 est.)

Crude oil - exports [time series]

0 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Crude oil - imports [time series]

820 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Crude oil - production [time series]

17,000 bbl/day (2018 est.)

Crude oil - proved reserves [time series]

84.2 million bbl (1 January 2018 est.)

Electricity - consumption [time series]

1.75 billion kWh (2016 est.)

Electricity - exports [time series]

0 kWh (2016 est.)

Electricity - from fossil fuels [time series]

61% of total installed capacity (2016 est.)

Electricity - from hydroelectric plants [time series]

38% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)

Electricity - from nuclear fuels [time series]

0% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)

Electricity - from other renewable sources [time series]

2% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)

Electricity - imports [time series]

0 kWh (2016 est.)

Electricity - installed generating capacity [time series]

504,000 kW (2016 est.)

Electricity - production [time series]

1.967 billion kWh (2016 est.)

Electricity access [time series]

electrification - total population: 97.4% (2018) | electrification - urban areas: 99% (2018) | electrification - rural areas: 94.3% (2018)

Natural gas - consumption [time series]

0 cu m (2017 est.)

Natural gas - exports [time series]

0 cu m (2017 est.)

Natural gas - imports [time series]

0 cu m (2017 est.)

Natural gas - production [time series]

0 cu m (2017 est.)

Natural gas - proved reserves [time series]

0 cu m (1 January 2011 est.)

Refined petroleum products - consumption [time series]

13,000 bbl/day (2016 est.)

Refined petroleum products - exports [time series]

14,000 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Refined petroleum products - imports [time series]

10,700 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Refined petroleum products - production [time series]

7,571 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Geography

Area [time series]

total: 163,820 sq km | land: 156,000 sq km | water: 7,820 sq km

Area - comparative [time series]

slightly larger than Georgia | Area comparison map: The World Factbook Field Image Modal × South America :: Suriname Print Image Description slightly larger than Georgia

Climate [time series]

tropical; moderated by trade winds

Coastline [time series]

386 km

Elevation [time series]

mean elevation: 246 m | lowest point: unnamed location in the coastal plain -2 m | highest point: Juliana Top 1,230 m

Environment - current issues [time series]

deforestation as timber is cut for export; pollution of inland waterways by small-scale mining activities

International environmental agreements (Environment - international agreements) [time series]

party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling | signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Geographic coordinates [time series]

4 00 N, 56 00 W

Geography - note [time series]

smallest independent country on South American continent; mostly tropical rain forest; great diversity of flora and fauna that, for the most part, is increasingly threatened by new development; relatively small population, mostly along the coast

Irrigated land [time series]

570 sq km (2012)

Land boundaries [time series]

total: 1,907 km | border countries (3): Brazil 515 km, French Guiana 556 km, Guyana 836 km

Land use [time series]

agricultural land: 0.5% (2011 est.) | arable land: 0.4% (2011 est.) / permanent crops: 0% (2011 est.) / permanent pasture: 0.1% (2011 est.) | forest: 94.6% (2011 est.) | other: 4.9% (2011 est.)

Location [time series]

Northern South America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between French Guiana and Guyana

Map references [time series]

South America

Maritime claims [time series]

territorial sea: 12 nm | exclusive economic zone: 200 nm

Natural hazards [time series]

flooding

Natural resources [time series]

timber, hydropower, fish, kaolin, shrimp, bauxite, gold, and small amounts of nickel, copper, platinum, iron ore

Population distribution [time series]

population concentrated along the nothern coastal strip; the remainder of the country is sparsely populated

Terrain [time series]

mostly rolling hills; narrow coastal plain with swamps

Government

Administrative divisions [time series]

10 districts (distrikten, singular - distrikt); Brokopondo, Commewijne, Coronie, Marowijne, Nickerie, Para, Paramaribo, Saramacca, Sipaliwini, Wanica

Capital [time series]

name: Paramaribo | geographic coordinates: 5 50 N, 55 10 W | time difference: UTC-3 (2 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) | etymology: the name may be the corruption of a Carib (Kalina) village or tribe named Parmirbo

Citizenship [time series]

citizenship by birth: no | citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Suriname | dual citizenship recognized: no | residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years

Constitution [time series]

history: previous 1975; latest ratified 30 September 1987, effective 30 October 1987 | amendments: proposed by the National Assembly; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote of the total membership; amended 1992

Country name [time series]

conventional long form: Republic of Suriname | conventional short form: Suriname | local long form: Republiek Suriname | local short form: Suriname | former: Netherlands Guiana, Dutch Guiana | etymology: name may derive from the indigenous "Surinen" people who inhabited the area at the time of European contact

Diplomatic representation from the US [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador Karen Lynn WILLIAMS (since 20 November 2018) | telephone: [597] 472-900 | embassy: 165 Kristalstraat, Paramaribo | mailing address: US Department of State, PO Box 1821, Paramaribo | FAX: [597] 410-972

Diplomatic representation in the US [time series]

chief of mission: Ambassador Niermala Sakoentala BADRISING (since 21 July 2017) | chancery: 4301 Connecticut Avenue NW, Suite 460, Washington, DC 20008 | telephone: [1] (202) 244-7488 | FAX: [1] (202) 244-5878 | consulate(s) general: Miami

Executive branch [time series]

chief of state: President Chandrikapersad SANTOKHI (since 16 July 2020); Vice President Ronnie BRUNSWIJK (since 16 July 2020); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government | head of government: President Chandrikapersad SANTOKHI (since 16 July 2020); Vice President Ronnie BRUNSWIJK (since 16 July 2020) | cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president | elections/appointments: president and vice president indirectly elected by the National Assembly; president and vice president serve a 5-year term (no term limits); election last held on 13 July 2020 (next to be held in May 2025) | election results: Chandrikapersad SANTOKHI elected president unopposed; National Assembly vote - NA

Flag (Flag description) [time series]

five horizontal bands of green (top, double width), white, red (quadruple width), white, and green (double width); a large, yellow, five-pointed star is centered in the red band; red stands for progress and love, green symbolizes hope and fertility, white signifies peace, justice, and freedom; the star represents the unity of all ethnic groups; from its yellow light the nation draws strength to bear sacrifices patiently while working toward a golden future

Government type [time series]

presidential republic

Independence [time series]

25 November 1975 (from the Netherlands)

International law organization participation [time series]

accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

International organization participation [time series]

ACP, AOSIS, Caricom, CD, CDB, CELAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, MIGA, NAM, OAS, OIC, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, Petrocaribe, UN, UNASUR, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Judicial branch [time series]

highest courts: High Court of Justice of Suriname (consists of the court president, vice president, and 4 judges); note - appeals beyond the High Court are referred to the Caribbean Court of Justice; human rights violations can be appealed to the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights with judgments issued by the Inter-American Court on Human Rights | judge selection and term of office: court judges appointed by the national president in consultation with the National Assembly, the State Advisory Council, and the Order of Private Attorneys; judges serve for life | subordinate courts: cantonal courts

Legal system [time series]

civil law system influenced by Dutch civil law; note - a new criminal code was enacted in 2017

Legislative branch [time series]

description: unicameral National Assembly or Nationale Assemblee (51 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by party-list proportional representation vote to serve 5-year terms) | elections: last held on 25 May 2020 (next to be held May 2025) | election results: percent of vote by party - VHP 41.1%, NDP 29.4%, ABOP 17.6%, NPS 7.8%, other 3.9%; seats by party - VHP 21, NDP 15, ABOP 9, NPS 4, other 2

National anthem(s) (National anthem) [time series]

name: "God zij met ons Suriname!" (God Be With Our Suriname) | lyrics/music: Cornelis Atses HOEKSTRA and Henry DE ZIEL/Johannes Corstianus DE PUY | note: adopted 1959; originally adapted from a Sunday school song written in 1893 and contains lyrics in both Dutch and Sranang Tongo

National holiday [time series]

Independence Day, 25 November (1975)

National symbol(s) [time series]

royal palm, faya lobi (flower); national colors: green, white, red, yellow

Political parties (Political parties and leaders) [time series]

Alternative Combination or A-Com (coalition includes ABOP, KTPI, Party for Democracy and Development) Brotherhood and Unity in Politics or BEP [Celsius WATERBERG] Democratic Alternative '91 or DA91 [Angelique DEL CASTILLO] General Liberation and Development Party or ABOP [Ronnie BRUNSWIJK} National Democratic Party or NDP [Desire Delano BOUTERSE] National Party of Suriname or NPS [Gregory RUSLAND] Party for Democracy and Development in Unity or DOE [Carl BREEVELD] Party for National Unity and Solidarity or KTPI [Willy SOEMITA] People's Alliance (Pertjaja Luhur) or PL [Paul SOMOHARDJO] Progressive Workers' and Farmers' Union or PALU [Jim HOK] Progressive Reform Party or VHP [Chandrikapersad SANTOKHI] Reform and Renewal Movement or HVB Surinamese Labor Party or SPA [Guno CASTELEN]

Suffrage [time series]

18 years of age; universal

Introduction

Background [time series]

First explored by the Spaniards in the 16th century and then settled by the English in the mid-17th century, Suriname became a Dutch colony in 1667. With the abolition of African slavery in 1863, workers were brought in from India and Java. The Netherlands granted the colony independence in 1975. Five years later the civilian government was replaced by a military regime that soon declared Suriname a socialist republic. It continued to exert control through a succession of nominally civilian administrations until 1987, when international pressure finally forced a democratic election. In 1990, the military overthrew the civilian leadership, but a democratically elected government - a four-party coalition - returned to power in 1991. The coalition expanded to eight parties in 2005 and ruled until August 2010, when voters returned former military leader Desire BOUTERSE and his opposition coalition to power. President BOUTERSE was reelected unopposed in 2015.

Military and Security

Military and security forces [time series]

Suriname Army (National Leger, NL): Army, Navy, Air Force, Military Police (2020)

Military and security service personnel strengths [time series]

the Suriname Army is comprised of approximately 1,800 active personnel (ground, air, naval, and military police) (2019 est.)

Military equipment inventories and acquisitions [time series]

the Suriname Army inventory includes a mix of equipment from several foreign suppliers, including Brazil, China, India, and the US; since 2010, Suriname has received small quantities of military hardware from Colombia, France, India, and the US (2019 est.)

Military service age and obligation [time series]

18 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2019)

People and Society

Age structure [time series]

0-14 years: 23.38% (male 72,642/female 69,899) | 15-24 years: 17.2% (male 53,427/female 51,438) | 25-54 years: 44.09% (male 136,889/female 131,868) | 55-64 years: 8.78% (male 26,435/female 27,066) | 65 years and over: 6.55% (male 17,437/female 22,468) (2020 est.) | population pyramid: The World Factbook Field Image Modal × South America :: Suriname Print Image Description This is the population pyramid for Suriname. A population pyramid illustrates the age and sex structure of a country's population and may provide insights about political and social stability, as well as economic development. The population is distributed along the horizontal axis, with males shown on the left and females on the right. The male and female populations are broken down into 5-year age groups represented as horizontal bars along the vertical axis, with the youngest age groups at the bottom and the oldest at the top. The shape of the population pyramid gradually evolves over time based on fertility, mortality, and international migration trends. For additional information, please see the entry for Population pyramid on the Definitions and Notes page under the References tab.

Birth rate [time series]

14.9 births/1,000 population (2020 est.)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight [time series]

5.8% (2010)

Contraceptive prevalence rate [time series]

39.1% (2018)

Current health expenditure (Current Health Expenditure) [time series]

6.2% (2017)

Death rate [time series]

6.2 deaths/1,000 population (2020 est.)

Demographic profile [time series]

Suriname is a pluralistic society consisting primarily of Creoles (persons of mixed African and European heritage), the descendants of escaped African slaves known as Maroons, and the descendants of Indian and Javanese (Indonesian) contract workers. The country overall is in full, post-industrial demographic transition, with a low fertility rate, a moderate mortality rate, and a rising life expectancy. However, the Maroon population of the rural interior lags behind because of lower educational attainment and contraceptive use, higher malnutrition, and significantly less access to electricity, potable water, sanitation, infrastructure, and health care. Some 350,000 people of Surinamese descent live in the Netherlands, Suriname's former colonial ruler. In the 19th century, better-educated, largely Dutch-speaking Surinamese began emigrating to the Netherlands. World War II interrupted the outflow, but it resumed after the war when Dutch labor demands grew - emigrants included all segments of the Creole population. Suriname still is strongly influenced by the Netherlands because most Surinamese have relatives living there and it is the largest supplier of development aid. Other emigration destinations include French Guiana and the United States. Suriname's immigration rules are flexible, and the country is easy to enter illegally because rainforests obscure its borders. Since the mid-1980s, Brazilians have settled in Suriname's capital, Paramaribo, or eastern Suriname, where they mine gold. This immigration is likely to slowly re-orient Suriname toward its Latin American roots.

Dependency ratios [time series]

total dependency ratio: 51.1 | youth dependency ratio: 40.3 | elderly dependency ratio: 10.8 | potential support ratio: 9.3 (2020 est.)

Drinking water source [time series]

Education expenditure (Education expenditures) [time series]

Ethnic groups [time series]

Hindustani (also known locally as "East Indians"; their ancestors emigrated from northern India in the latter part of the 19th century) 27.4%, "Maroon" (their African ancestors were brought to the country in the 17th and 18th centuries as slaves and escaped to the interior) 21.7%, Creole (mixed white and black) 15.7%, Javanese 13.7%, mixed 13.4%, other 7.6%, unspecified 0.6% (2012 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate [time series]

1.3% (2019 est.)

HIV/AIDS - deaths [time series]

<200 (2019 est.)

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS [time series]

5,800 (2019 est.)

Hospital bed density [time series]

3 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Infant mortality rate [time series]

total: 22.1 deaths/1,000 live births | male: 25.8 deaths/1,000 live births | female: 18.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2020 est.)

Languages [time series]

Dutch (official), English (widely spoken), Sranang Tongo (Surinamese, sometimes called Taki-Taki, is the native language of Creoles and much of the younger population and is lingua franca among others), Caribbean Hindustani (a dialect of Hindi), Javanese

Life expectancy at birth [time series]

total population: 73.3 years | male: 70.8 years | female: 75.9 years (2020 est.)

Literacy [time series]

definition: age 15 and over can read and write | total population: 94.4% | male: 96.1% | female: 92.7% (2018)

Major infectious diseases [time series]

degree of risk: very high (2020) | food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever | vectorborne diseases: dengue fever and malaria

Major urban areas - population [time series]

239,000 PARAMARIBO (capital) (2018)

Maternal mortality ratio (Maternal mortality rate) [time series]

120 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)

Median age [time series]

total: 31 years | male: 30.6 years | female: 31.4 years (2020 est.)

Nationality [time series]

noun: Surinamer(s) | adjective: Surinamese

Net migration rate [time series]

0.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2020 est.)

Obesity - adult prevalence rate [time series]

26.4% (2016)

Physician density (Physicians density) [time series]

1.23 physicians/1,000 population (2018)

Population [time series]

609,569 (July 2020 est.)

Population distribution [time series]

population concentrated along the nothern coastal strip; the remainder of the country is sparsely populated

Population growth rate [time series]

0.95% (2020 est.)

Religions [time series]

Protestant 23.6% (includes Evangelical 11.2%, Moravian 11.2%, Reformed .7%, Lutheran .5%), Hindu 22.3%, Roman Catholic 21.6%, Muslim 13.8%, other Christian 3.2%, Winti 1.8%, Jehovah's Witness 1.2%, other 1.7%, none 7.5%, unspecified 3.2% (2012 est.)

Sanitation facility access [time series]

Sex ratio [time series]

Total fertility rate [time series]

1.86 children born/woman (2020 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) (Unemployment, youth ages 15-24) [time series]

total: 13.4% | male: 9% | female: 21.9% (2015 est.)

Urbanization [time series]

urban population: 66.1% of total population (2020) | rate of urbanization: 0.9% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.) | total population growth rate v. urban population growth rate, 2000-2030: PDF

Transnational Issues

Disputes - international [time series]

area claimed by French Guiana between Riviere Litani and Riviere Marouini (both headwaters of the Lawa); Suriname claims a triangle of land between the New and Kutari/Koetari rivers in a historic dispute over the headwaters of the Courantyne; Guyana seeks UN Convention on the Law of the Sea arbitration to resolve the longstanding dispute with Suriname over the axis of the territorial sea boundary in potentially oil-rich waters

Illicit drugs [time series]

growing transshipment point for South American drugs destined for Europe via the Netherlands and Brazil; transshipment point for arms-for-drugs dealing

Trafficking in persons [time series]

current situation: Suriname is a source, transit, and destination country for women and children subjected to sex trafficking and men, women, and children subjected to forced labor; women and girls from Suriname, Guyana, Brazil, and the Dominican Republic are subjected to sex trafficking in the country, sometimes in interior mining camps; migrant workers in agriculture and on fishing boats and children working in informal urban sectors and gold mines are vulnerable to forced labor; traffickers from Suriname exploit victims in the Netherlands | tier rating: Tier 2 Watch List – Suriname does not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking; however, it is making significant efforts to do so; in 2014, Suriname was granted a waiver from an otherwise required downgrade to Tier 3 because its government has a written plan that, if implemented, would constitute making significant efforts to bring itself into compliance with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking; authorities increased the number of trafficking investigations, prosecutions, and convictions as compared to 2013, but resources were insufficient to conduct investigations in the country’s interior; more trafficking victims were identified in 2014 than in 2013, but protective services for adults and children were inadequate, with a proposed government shelter for women and child trafficking victims remaining unopened (2015)

Transportation

Airports [time series]

55 (2013)

Airports - with paved runways [time series]

total: 6 (2019) | over 3,047 m: 1 | under 914 m: 5

Airports - with unpaved runways [time series]

total: 49 (2013) | 914 to 1,523 m: 4 (2013) | under 914 m: 45 (2013)

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix [time series]

PZ (2016)

Merchant marine [time series]

total: 10 | by type: general cargo 5, oil tanker 3, other 2 (2019)

National air transport system [time series]

number of registered air carriers: 4 (2020) | inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 20 | annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 272,347 (2018) | annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 33.2 million mt-km (2018)

Pipelines [time series]

50 km oil (2013)

Ports (Ports and terminals) [time series]

major seaport(s): Paramaribo, Wageningen

Roadways [time series]

total: 4,304 km (2003) | paved: 1,119 km (2003) | unpaved: 3,185 km (2003)

Waterways [time series]

1,200 km (most navigable by ships with drafts up to 7 m) (2011)