ARCHIVE // TC // 2016

Turks and Caicos Islands

2016 Edition — territory

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Communications
Broadcast media [time series]
no local terrestrial TV stations, broadcasts from the Bahamas can be received and multi-channel cable and satellite TV services are available; government-run radio network operates alongside private broadcasters with a total of about 15 stations (2007)
Internet country code [time series]
.tc
Telecommunication systems (Telephone system) [time series]
general assessment: fully digital system with international direct dialing | domestic: full range of services available; GSM wireless service available | international: country code - 1-649; the Americas Region Caribbean Ring System (ARCOS-1) fiber-optic telecommunications submarine cable provides connectivity to South and Central America, parts of the Caribbean, and the US; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2015)
Economy
Agricultural products (Agriculture - products) [time series]
corn, beans, cassava (manioc, tapioca), citrus fruits; fish
Budget [time series]
revenues: $218.6 million | expenditures: $183.5 million (2015 est.)
Debt - external [time series]
$NA
Economic overview (Economy - overview) [time series]
The Turks and Caicos economy is based on tourism, offshore financial services, and fishing. Most capital goods and food for domestic consumption are imported. The US is the leading source of tourists, accounting for more than three-quarters of the more than 1 million visitors that arrived in 2013. Three-quarters of the visitors came by ship. Major sources of government revenue also include fees from offshore financial activities and customs receipts.
Exchange rates [time series]
the US dollar is used
Exports [time series]
$24.77 million (2008 est.) | country comparison to the world: 208
Exports - commodities [time series]
lobster, dried and fresh conch, conch shells
Fiscal year [time series]
calendar year
GDP (official exchange rate) [time series]
$NA
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) (GDP (purchasing power parity)) [time series]
$632 million (2007 est.) | $568.3 million (2006 est.) | country comparison to the world: 211
GDP - composition, by end use [time series]
household consumption: 45.2% | government consumption: 20.9% | investment in fixed capital: 27.3% | investment in inventories: -0.1% | exports of goods and services: 55.3% | imports of goods and services: -48.6% (2015 est.)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin [time series]
agriculture: 0.5% | industry: 9.8% | services: 89.7% (2015 est.)
Real GDP per capita (GDP - per capita (PPP)) [time series]
$29,100 (2007 est.) | country comparison to the world: 63
Real GDP growth rate (GDP - real growth rate) [time series]
11.2% (2007 est.) | country comparison to the world: 2
Household income or consumption by percentage share [time series]
lowest 10%: NA% | highest 10%: NA%
Imports [time series]
$591.3 million (2008 est.) | country comparison to the world: 190
Imports - commodities [time series]
food and beverages, tobacco, clothing, manufactures, construction materials
Industrial production growth rate [time series]
3% (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 75
Industries [time series]
tourism, offshore financial services
Inflation rate (consumer prices) [time series]
1% (2015 est.) | 2.3% (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 86
Labor force [time series]
4,848 (1990 est.) | country comparison to the world: 220
Labor force - by occupation [time series]
note: about 33% in government and 20% in agriculture and fishing; significant numbers in tourism, financial, and other services
Population below poverty line [time series]
NA%
Unemployment rate [time series]
10% (1997 est.) | country comparison to the world: 116
Energy
Carbon dioxide emissions (Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy) [time series]
200,000 Mt (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 202
Crude oil - exports [time series]
0 bbl/day (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 195
Crude oil - imports [time series]
0 bbl/day (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 132
Crude oil - production [time series]
0 bbl/day (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 196
Crude oil - proved reserves [time series]
0 bbl (1 January 2016 es) | country comparison to the world: 196
Electricity - consumption [time series]
200 million kWh (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 191
Electricity - exports [time series]
0 kWh (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 202
Electricity - from fossil fuels [time series]
100% of total installed capacity (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 29
Electricity - from hydroelectric plants [time series]
0% of total installed capacity (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 206
Electricity - from nuclear fuels [time series]
0% of total installed capacity (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 189
Electricity - from other renewable sources [time series]
0% of total installed capacity (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 131
Electricity - imports [time series]
0 kWh (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 207
Electricity - installed generating capacity [time series]
76,000 kW (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 187
Electricity - production [time series]
200 million kWh (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 189
Electricity access [time series]
population without electricity: 5,143 | electrification - total population: 91% | electrification - urban areas: 92% | electrification - rural areas: 80% (2012)
Natural gas - consumption [time series]
0 cu m (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 198
Natural gas - exports [time series]
0 cu m (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 191
Natural gas - imports [time series]
0 cu m (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 139
Natural gas - production [time series]
0 cu m (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 134
Natural gas - proved reserves [time series]
0 cu m (1 January 2014 es) | country comparison to the world: 198
Refined petroleum products - consumption [time series]
1,340 bbl/day (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 196
Refined petroleum products - exports [time series]
0 bbl/day (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 135
Refined petroleum products - imports [time series]
1,328 bbl/day (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 192
Refined petroleum products - production [time series]
0 bbl/day (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 134
Geography
Area [time series]
total: 948 sq km | land: 948 sq km | water: 0 sq km | country comparison to the world: 186
Area - comparative [time series]
2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Climate [time series]
tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry
Coastline [time series]
389 km
Elevation [time series]
mean elevation: NA | elevation extremes: lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m | highest point: Flamingo Hill 48 m
Environment - current issues [time series]
limited natural freshwater resources, private cisterns collect rainwater
Geographic coordinates [time series]
21 45 N, 71 35 W
Geography - note [time series]
about 40 islands (eight inhabited)
Irrigated land [time series]
0 sq km (2012)
Land boundaries [time series]
0 km
Land use [time series]
agricultural land: 1.1% | arable land 1.1%; permanent crops 0%; permanent pasture 0% | forest: 36.2% | other: 62.7% (2011 est.)
Location [time series]
two island groups in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of The Bahamas, north of Haiti
Map references [time series]
Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims [time series]
territorial sea: 12 nm | exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Natural hazards [time series]
frequent hurricanes
Natural resources [time series]
spiny lobster, conch
Population distribution (Population - distribution) [time series]
eight of the thirty islands are inhabited; the island of Providenciales is the most populated, but the most densely populated is Grand Turk
Terrain [time series]
low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps
Government
Administrative divisions [time series]
none (overseas territory of the UK)
Capital [time series]
name: Grand Turk (Cockburn Town) | geographic coordinates: 21 28 N, 71 08 W | time difference: UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC, during Standard Time) | daylight saving time: +1hr, begins second Sunday in March; ends first Sunday in November
Citizenship [time series]
see United Kingdom
Constitution [time series]
several previous; latest signed 7 August 2012, effective 15 October 2012 (Turks and Caicos Constitution Order 2011) (2016)
Country name [time series]
conventional long form: none | conventional short form: Turks and Caicos Islands | abbreviation: TCI | etymology: the Turks Islands are named after the Turk's cap cactus (native to the islands and appearing on the flag and coat of arms), while the Caicos Islands derive from the native term "caya hico" meaning "string of islands"
Dependency status [time series]
overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US [time series]
none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US [time series]
none (overseas territory of the UK)
Executive branch [time series]
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor John FREEMAN (since 17 October 2016) | head of government: Premier Rufus EWING (since 13 November 2012) | cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor from among members of the House of Assembly | elections/appointments: the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is appointed premier by the governor
Flag (Flag description) [time series]
blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the colonial shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield is yellow and displays a conch shell, a spiny lobster, and Turk's cap cactus - three common elements of the islands' biota
Government type [time series]
parliamentary democracy (House of Assembly); self-governing overseas territory of the UK
Independence [time series]
none (overseas territory of the UK)
International organization participation [time series]
Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), UPU
Judicial branch [time series]
highest resident court(s): Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and such number of other judges as determined by the governor); Court of Appeal (consists of the court president and 2 justices); note - appeals beyond the Supreme Court are referred to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London) | judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court and Appeals Court judges appointed by the governor in accordance with the Judicial Service Commission, a 3-member body of high level judicial officials; Supreme Court judges appointed until mandatory retirement at age 65, but can be extended to age 70; Appeals Court judge tenure determined by individual terms of appointment | subordinate courts: magistrates' courts
Legal system [time series]
mixed legal system of English common law and civil law
Legislative branch [time series]
description: unicameral House of Assembly (19 seats; 15 members in multi-seat constituencies and a single all-islands constituency directly elected by simple majority vote, 1 member nominated by the premier and appointed by the governor, 1 nominated by the opposition party leader and appointed by the governor, and 2 from the Turks and Caicos Islands Civic Society directly appointed by the governor; members serve 4-year terms) | elections: last held on 9 November 2012 (next to be held in 2016) | election results: percent of vote - NA; seats by party - PNP 8, PDM 7
National anthem(s) (National anthem) [time series]
name: "This Land of Ours" | lyrics/music: Conrad HOWELL | note: serves as a local anthem; as a territory of the UK, "God Save the Queen" is the official anthem (see United Kingdom)
National holiday [time series]
Constitution Day, 30 August (1976)
National symbol(s) [time series]
conch shell, Turk's cap cactus
Political parties (Political parties and leaders) [time series]
People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Oswald SKIPPINGS] | People's Progressive Party | Progressive National Party or PNP [Rufus EWING]
Political parties (Political pressure groups and leaders) [time series]
NA
Suffrage [time series]
18 years of age; universal
Introduction
Background [time series]
The islands were part of the UK's Jamaican colony until 1962, when they assumed the status of a separate crown colony upon Jamaica's independence. The governor of The Bahamas oversaw affairs from 1965 to 1973. With Bahamian independence, the islands received a separate governor in 1973. Although independence was agreed upon for 1982, the policy was reversed and the islands remain a British overseas territory.
Military and Security
Military - note [time series]
defense is the responsibility of the UK
People and Society
Age structure [time series]
0-14 years: 21.87% (male 5,732/female 5,517) | 15-24 years: 14.31% (male 3,628/female 3,730) | 25-54 years: 53.31% (male 13,861/female 13,558) | 55-64 years: 6.1% (male 1,696/female 1,443) | 65 years and over: 4.4% (male 1,018/female 1,247) (2016 est.)
Birth rate [time series]
15.7 births/1,000 population (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 123
Death rate [time series]
3.2 deaths/1,000 population (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 222
Education expenditure (Education expenditures) [time series]
3.3% of GDP (2015)
Ethnic groups [time series]
black 87.6%, white 7.9%, mixed 2.5%, East Indian 1.3%, other 0.7% (2006)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate [time series]
NA
HIV/AIDS - deaths [time series]
NA
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS [time series]
NA
Infant mortality rate [time series]
total: 10.4 deaths/1,000 live births | male: 12.9 deaths/1,000 live births | female: 7.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 131
Languages [time series]
English (official)
Life expectancy at birth [time series]
total population: 79.8 years | male: 77.1 years | female: 82.7 years (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 43
Major infectious diseases [time series]
note: active local transmission of Zika virus by Aedes species mosquitoes has been identified in this country (as of August 2016); it poses an important risk (a large number of cases possible) among US citizens if bitten by an infective mosquito; other less common ways to get Zika are through sex, via blood transfusion, or during pregnancy, in which the pregnant woman passes Zika virus to her fetus (2016)
Major urban areas - population [time series]
GRAND TURK (capital) 5,000 (2014)
Median age [time series]
total: 32.9 years | male: 33.2 years | female: 32.5 years (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 92
Nationality [time series]
noun: none | adjective: none
Net migration rate [time series]
9.7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 10
People - note [time series]
destination and transit point for illegal Haitian immigrants bound for the Turks and Caicos Islands, The Bahamas, and the US
Population [time series]
51,430 (July 2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 211
Population distribution [time series]
eight of the thirty islands are inhabited; the island of Providenciales is the most populated, but the most densely populated is Grand Turk
Population growth rate [time series]
2.23% (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 36
Religions [time series]
Protestant 72.8% (Baptist 35.8%, Church of God 11.7%, Anglican 10%, Methodist 9.3%, Seventh-Day Adventist 6%), Roman Catholic 11.4%, Jehovah's Witnesses 1.8%, other 14%
Sanitation facility access [time series]
urban: 81.4% of population | rural: 81.4% of population | total: 81.4% of population | urban: 18.6% of population | rural: 18.6% of population | total: 18.6% of population (2007 est.)
Sex ratio [time series]
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female | 0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female | 15-24 years: 0.97 male(s)/female | 25-54 years: 1.02 male(s)/female | 55-64 years: 1.18 male(s)/female | 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female | total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2016 est.)
Total fertility rate [time series]
1.7 children born/woman (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 173
Urbanization [time series]
urban population: 92.2% of total population (2015) | rate of urbanization: 2.48% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
Transnational Issues
Disputes - international [time series]
have received Haitians fleeing economic and civil disorder
Illicit drugs [time series]
transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe
Transportation
Airports [time series]
8 (2013) | country comparison to the world: 162
Airports - with paved runways [time series]
total: 6 | 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 | 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 | 914 to 1,523 m: 1 | under 914 m: 1 (2013)
Airports - with unpaved runways [time series]
total: 2 | under 914 m: 2 (2013)
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix [time series]
VQ-T (2016)
National air transport system [time series]
number of registered air carriers: 1 | inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 16 (2015)
Ports (Ports and terminals) [time series]
major seaport(s): Cockburn Harbour, Grand Turk, Providenciales
Roadways [time series]
total: 121 km | paved: 24 km | unpaved: 97 km (2003) | country comparison to the world: 213