Airports [time series]

2 total, 2 usable; 1 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway over 3,659 m; 1 with runway 1,406 m

Civil air [time series]

4 major transport aircraft (3 Boeing 757-200, 1 Boeing 737-200)

Roadways (Highways) [time series]

1,090 km total; 370 km paved (bituminous treated) and another 52 km under construction, 720 km gravel or unimproved

Waterways (Inland waterways) [time series]

209 km; navigable by craft drawing less than 1.2 meters

Merchant marine [time series]

7 liquefied gas carriers (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 348,476 GRT/340,635 DWT

Pipelines [time series]

crude oil, 135 km; refined products, 418 km; natural gas, 920 km

Ports [time series]

Kuala Belait, Muara

Railways (Railroads) [time series]

13 km 0.610-meter narrow-gauge private line

Telecommunication systems (Telecommunications) [time series]

service throughout country is adequate for present needs; international service good to adjacent Malaysia; radiobroadcast coverage good; 33,000 telephones (1987); stations--4 AM/FM, 1 TV; 74,000 radio receivers (1987); satellite earth stations--1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT and 1 Pacific Ocean INTELSAT

Military and security forces (Branches) [time series]

Royal Brunei Armed Forces, including air wing, navy, and ground forces; British Gurkha Battalion; Royal Brunei Police; Gurkha Reserve Unit

Military expenditures (Defense expenditures) [time series]

$197.6 million, 17% of central government budget (FY86)

Military manpower [time series]

males 15-49, 104,398; 60,242 fit for military service; 3,106 reach military age (18) annually

Agricultural products (Agriculture) [time series]

imports about 80% of its food needs; principal crops and livestock include rice, cassava, bananas, buffaloes, and pigs

Aid [time series]

US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-87), $20.6 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-87), $143.7 million

Budget [time series]

revenues $1.2 billion (1987); expenditures $1.6 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (1989 est.)

Exchange rates (Currency) [time series]

Bruneian dollar (plural--dollars); 1 Bruneian dollar (B$) = 100 cents

Electricity [time series]

310,000 kW capacity; 890 million kWh produced, 2,580 kWh per capita (1989)

Exchange rates [time series]

Bruneian dollars (B$) per US$1--1.8895 (January 1990), 1.9503 (1989), 2.0124 (1988), 2.1060 (1987), 2.1774 (1986), 2.2002 (1985); note--the Bruneian dollar is at par with the Singapore dollar

Exports [time series]

$2.07 billion (f.o.b., 1987); commodities--crude oil, liquefied natural gas, petroleum products; partners--Japan 55% (1986)

Debt - external (External debt) [time series]

none

Fiscal year [time series]

calendar year

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) (GDP) [time series]

$3.3 billion, per capita $9,600; real growth rate 2.5% (1989 est.)

Imports [time series]

$800 million (c.i.f., 1987); commodities--machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods; food, beverages, tobacco; consumer goods; partners--Singapore 31%, US 20%, Japan 6% (1986)

Industrial production growth rate (Industrial production) [time series]

growth rate NA%

Industries [time series]

petroleum, liquefied natural gas, construction

Inflation rate (consumer prices) [time series]

2.5% (1989 est.)

Economic overview (Overview) [time series]

The economy is a mixture of foreign and domestic entrepreneurship, government regulation and welfare measures, and village tradition. It is almost totally supported by exports of crude oil and natural gas, with revenues from the petroleum sector accounting for more than 70% of GDP. Per capita GDP of $9,600 is among the highest in the Third World, and substantial income from overseas investment supplements domestic production. The government provides for all medical services and subsidizes food and housing.

Unemployment rate (Unemployment) [time series]

2.5%, shortage of skilled labor (1989 est.)

Climate [time series]

tropical; hot, humid, rainy

Coastline [time series]

161 km

Area - comparative (Comparative area) [time series]

slightly larger than Delaware

Disputes - international (Disputes) [time series]

may wish to purchase the Malaysian salient that divides the country

Environment - current issues (Environment) [time series]

typhoons, earthquakes, and severe flooding are rare

Exclusive fishing zone [time series]

200 nm;

Land boundaries (Land boundary) [time series]

381 km with Malaysia

Land use [time series]

1% arable land; 1% permanent crops; 1% meadows and pastures; 79% forest and woodland; 18% other; includes NEGL% irrigated

Natural resources [time series]

crude oil, natural gas, timber

Note [time series]

close to vital sea lanes through South China Sea linking Indian and Pacific Oceans; two parts physically separated by Malaysia; almost an enclave of Malaysia

Terrain [time series]

flat coastal plain rises to mountains in east; hilly lowland in west

Maritime claims (Territorial sea) [time series]

12 nm

Area (Total area) [time series]

5,770 km2; land area: 5,270 km2

Administrative divisions [time series]

4 districts (daerah-daerah, singular--daerah); Belait, Brunei and Muara, Temburong, Tutong

Capital [time series]

Bandar Seri Begawan

Political parties (Communists) [time series]

probably none

Constitution [time series]

29 September 1959 (some provisions suspended under a State of Emergency since December 1962, others since independence on 1 January 1984)

Diplomatic representation in the US (Diplomatic representation) [time series]

Ambassador Dato Paduka Haji MOHAMED SUNI bin Haji Idris; Chancery at 2600 Virginia Avenue NW, Washington DC 20037; telephone (202) 342-0159; US--Ambassador Christopher H. PHILLIPS; Embassy at Teck Guan Plaza (corner of Jalan McArthur), Bandar Seri Begawan (mailing address is P. O. Box 2991, Bandar Seri Begawan); telephone [673] (2) 29670

Executive branch [time series]

sultan, prime minister, Council of Cabinet Ministers

Flag [time series]

yellow with two diagonal bands of white (top, almost double width) and black starting from the upper hoist side; the national emblem in red is superimposed at the center; the emblem includes a swallow-tailed flag on top of a winged column within an upturned crescent above a scroll and flanked by two upraised hands

Independence [time series]

1 January 1984 (from UK)

Judicial branch [time series]

Supreme Court Chief of State and Head of Government--Sultan and Prime Minister Sir Muda HASSANAL BOLKIAH Muizzaddin Waddaulah (since 5 October 1967)

Legal system [time series]

based on Islamic law

Legislative branch [time series]

unicameral Legislative Council (Majlis Masyuarat Megeri)

Country name (Long-form name) [time series]

Negara Brunei Darussalam

International organization participation (Member of) [time series]

ASEAN, ESCAP (associate member), IMO, INTERPOL, OIC, UN

National holiday [time series]

National Day, 23 February (1984)

Political parties (Political parties and leaders) [time series]

Brunei National United Party (inactive), Anak Hasanuddin, chairman; Brunei National Democratic Party (the first legal political party and now banned) Abdul Latif bin Abdul Hamid, chairman

Suffrage [time series]

none Legislative Council--last held in March 1962; in 1970 the Council was changed to an appointive body by decree of the sultan and no elections are planned

Government type (Type) [time series]

constitutional sultanate

Birth rate [time series]

23 births/1,000 population (1990)

Death rate [time series]

4 deaths/1,000 population (1990)

Ethnic groups (Ethnic divisions) [time series]

64% Malay, 20% Chinese, 16% other

Infant mortality rate [time series]

10 deaths/1,000 live births (1990)

Labor force [time series]

89,000 (includes members of the Army); 33% of labor force is foreign (1988); 50.4% production of oil, natural gas, and construction; 47.6% trade, services, and other; 2.0% agriculture, forestry, and fishing (1984)

Languages (Language) [time series]

Malay (official), English, and Chinese

Life expectancy at birth [time series]

74 years male, 77 years female (1990)

Literacy [time series]

45%

Nationality [time series]

noun--Bruneian(s); adjective--Bruneian

Net migration rate [time series]

52 migrants/1,000 population (1990)

Organized labor [time series]

2% of labor force

Population [time series]

372,108 (July 1990), growth rate 7.1% (1990)

Religions (Religion) [time series]

60% Muslim (official); 8% Christian; 32% Buddhist and indigenous beliefs

Total fertility rate [time series]

2.9 children born/woman (1990)