Jordan

parliamentary constitutional monarchy

name: Amman geographic coordinates: 31 57 N, 35 56 E time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) etymology: in the 13th century B.C., the Ammonites named their primary city Rabbath Ammon; rabbath meant "capital," so the name translated as "The Capital of [the] Ammon[ites];" over time, the name was shortened to Ammon, and then to Amman

chief of state: King ABDALLAH II (since 7 February 1999) head of government: Prime Minister Jafar HASSAN (since 15 September 2024) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the monarch in consultation with the prime minister election/appointment process: prime minister appointed by the monarch

legislature name: National Assembly (Majlis Al-Umma) legislative structure: bicameral

highest court(s): Court of Cassation or Supreme Court (consists of 15 members, including the chief justice); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 members) judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court chief justice appointed by the king; other judges nominated by the Judicial Council, an 11-member judicial policymaking body consisting of high-level judicial officials and judges, and approved by the king; judge tenure not limited; Constitutional Court members appointed by the king for 6-year non-renewable terms with one third of the membership renewed every 2 years subordinate courts: Courts of Appeal; Great Felonies Court; religious courts; military courts; juvenile courts; Land Settlement Courts; Income Tax Court; Higher Administrative Court; Customs Court; special courts including the State Security Court

history: previous 1928 (pre-independence); latest initially adopted 28 November 1947, revised and ratified 1 January 1952 amendment process: constitutional amendments require at least a two-thirds majority vote of both the Senate and the House and ratification by the king

ABEDA, AFESD, AMF, CAEU, CD, CICA, EBRD, FAO, G-11, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAS, MIGA, MINUSTAH, MONUSCO, NAM, NATO (partner), OIC, OPCW, OSCE (partner), PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNOOSA, UNRWA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

4.5% of GDP (2024 est.) 4.5% of GDP (2023 est.) 4.8% of GDP (2022 est.) 5% of GDP (2021 est.) 5% of GDP (2020 est.)

Jordanian Armed Forces (JAF; aka Arab Army): Jordanian Army (Jordanian Ground Forces; includes Special Operations Forces, Border Guards, Royal Guard), Jordanian Air Force, Jordanian Navy) Ministry of Interior: Public Security Directorate (includes national police, the Gendarmerie, and the Civil Defense Directorate) (2025)

17 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women; initial service term is 24 months; selective compulsory military service (3 months) for men turning 18 will be reinstated in 2026; compulsory military service for jobless men aged 25-29 was reinstated in 2020 (12 months; 3 months of military training and 9 months of professional and technical training) (2025)

the Jordanian Armed Forces (JAF) are responsible for territorial defense and border security and have a supporting role for internal security; key areas of concern include regional conflict and instability and unconventional threats, such as terrorism and weapons smuggling; the JAF participates in both bilateral and multinational exercises, UN peacekeeping missions, and have taken part in regional military operations alongside international forces in Afghanistan, Syria, and Yemen the US is a key security partner, and Jordan is one of the largest recipients of US military aid in the region; it cooperates with the US on a number of issues, including border security, arms transfers, cybersecurity, and counterterrorism; Jordan has Major Non-NATO Ally status with the US, a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation (2025)

140 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) (2025)

$109.986 billion (2024 est.) $107.315 billion (2023 est.) $104.307 billion (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars

$9,500 (2024 est.) $9,400 (2023 est.) $9,300 (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars

2.5% (2024 est.) 2.9% (2023 est.) 2.6% (2022 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency

1.6% (2024 est.) 2.1% (2023 est.) 4.2% (2022 est.) note: annual % change based on consumer prices

102.8% of GDP (2023 est.) note: central government debt as a % of GDP

$22.186 billion (2023 est.) $20.743 billion (2022 est.) $13.87 billion (2021 est.) note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars

$28.922 billion (2023 est.) $30.019 billion (2022 est.) $23.321 billion (2021 est.) note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars

18% (2024 est.) 18% (2023 est.) 18.2% (2022 est.) note: % of labor force seeking employment

revenues: $13.779 billion (2023 est.) expenditures: $17.159 billion (2023 est.) note: central government revenues and expenditures (excluding grants and social security funds) converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated

tourism, information technology, clothing, fertilizer, potash, phosphate mining, pharmaceuticals, petroleum refining, cement, inorganic chemicals, light manufacturing

tomatoes, milk, chicken, potatoes, olives, cucumbers/gherkins, onions, chillies/peppers, peaches/nectarines, sheep milk (2023) note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage

total: 11,312,507 (2025 est.) male: 5,908,853 female: 5,403,654

1.68% (2025 est.)

0-14 years: 30.9% (male 1,771,840/female 1,678,178) 15-64 years: 64.9% (male 3,844,575/female 3,409,164) 65 years and over: 4.2% (2024 est.) (male 228,564/female 241,703)

21.9 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)

3.5 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)

-1.59 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)

total population: 76.5 years (2024 est.) male: 75 years female: 78.1 years

urban population: 92% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 0.98% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Jordanian 69.3%, Syrian 13.3%, Palestinian 6.7%, Egyptian 6.7%, Iraqi 1.4%, other 2.6% (2015 est.) note: data represent population by self-identified nationality in national census

Arabic (official), English (widely understood among upper and middle classes) major-language sample(s): كتاب حقائق العالم، المصدر الذي لا يمكن الاستغناء عنه للمعلومات الأساسية (Arabic) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Muslim 97.1% (official; predominantly Sunni), Christian 2.1% (majority Greek Orthodox, but some Greek and Roman Catholics, Syrian Orthodox, Coptic Orthodox, Armenian Orthodox, and Protestant denominations), Buddhist 0.4%, Hindu 0.1%, Jewish 0.1%, folk 0.1%, other 0.1%, unaffiliated 0.1% (2020 est.)

total population: 94.8% (2023 est.) male: 97.5% (2023 est.) female: 92.3% (2023 est.)

phosphates, potash, shale oil

Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

refugees: 675,388 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 17 (2024 est.)

18 (2025)

total: 509 km (2020) narrow gauge: 509 km (2014) 1.050-m gauge

total: 34 (2023) by type: general cargo 5, other 29

total subscriptions: 8.05 million (2024 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 70 (2024 est.)

percent of population: 93% (2023 est.)